ASTM B479-19

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B479 −19
Standard Specification for
Annealed Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Foil for Flexible
Barrier, Food Contact, and Other Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B479; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This specification covers annealed aluminum and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
aluminum-alloy foil containing 98.00 % minimum aluminum
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and in thicknesses 0.00025 in. (0.0064 mm) to, but not
including, 0.006 in. (0.15 mm).Alloys (see Note 1) covered by
2. Referenced Documents
this specification include, but are not limited to 1100, 1145,
1235, 8011, 8079, and 8111, which conform to the require-
2.1 The following documents of the date of issue in effect
ments of 6.1 and Table 1. Unless otherwise specified by the
on date of material procurement form a part of this specifica-
purchaser, the alloy to be supplied shall be left to the discretion
tion to the extent referenced herein.
of the producer.
2.2 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The foil is for use in packaging, which includes food
B926 Method for Pinhole Determination in Aluminum and
handling and processing applications, requiring flexible barrier
Aluminum Alloy Plain Foil by Means of a Light Table
materials, and other general applications. The foil may be used
as supplied or laminated to other materials, such as paper or E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
plastic films. Determine Conformance with Specifications
E55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and
1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum
Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
and aluminum alloys in this specification, see Annex A1.
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Materials
as the standard. The SI values in parentheses are for informa-
E252 Test Method for Thickness of Foil, Thin Sheet, and
tion only.
Film by Mass Measurement
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
E345 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Foil
test method portion of this specification: This standard does
E607 Test Method for Atomic Emission Spectrometric
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
Analysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Tech-
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
nique Nitrogen Atmosphere (Withdrawn 2011)
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
E716 Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of
limitations prior to use.
Chemical Composition by Spark Atomic Emission Spec-
NOTE 1—Throughout this specification, use of the term alloy in the
trometry
general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum alloy.
E1251 Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Alumi-
NOTE 2—If the alloy is specified by the purchaser, its designation shall
num Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
be in accordance with ANSI H35.1. The equivalent Unified Numbering
System alloy designations are those shown in 1.1 preceded by A9, for
E3061 Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Alumi-
example, A91100 for aluminum 1100 in accordance with Practice E527.
numAlloys by Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emis-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
sion Spectrometry (Performance Based Method)
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Aluminum Alloy Wrought Products. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 15, 2019. Published July 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B479 – 06 which was The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
withdrawn January 2015 and reinstated in June 2019. DOI: 10.1520/B0479-19. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B479−19
2.3 American National Standards: 4.2.3 Whether the intended use involves food processing,
H35.1/H35.1(M) AlloyandTemperDesignationSystemsfor food packaging, or food preservation (see 6.1 and 14.2), and if
Wrought Aluminum so, what government regulations are applicable.
Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by 4.2.4 Whether certification is required (Section 12).
Attributes 4.2.5 Whether special statistical methods are to be used for
visualanddimensionalinspection.Ifso,thesemethodsshallbe
3. Terminology
listed.
3.1 Definitions:
5. Responsibility for Quality Assurance
3.1.1 foil—a rolled product rectangular in cross section of
5.1 Responsibility for Inspection and Tests—Unless other-
thickness less than 0.006 in. (0.15 mm).
wise specified in the contract or purchase order, the producer is
3.1.2 matte one-side foil (MIS)—foil with a diffuse reflect-
responsible for the performance of all inspection and test
ingfinish(matte)ononesideandabrightspecularfinishonthe
requirements specified herein. Except as otherwise specified in
other side.
the contract or order, the producer may use his own or any
3.1.3 bright two-sides foil (B2S)—foil having a uniform
other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection
bright specular finish on both sides.
and test requirements specified herein, unless disapproved by
3.1.4 dry annealed, A—having a test dryness 100/0,
the purchaser at the time the order is placed. The purchaser
free from residual rolling oil as determined by the water
shall have the right to perform any of the inspections and tests
test.
set forth in this specification where such inspections are
deemed necessary to assure that the material conforms to
3.1.5 dry annealed, B—having a test dryness 90/10, having
prescribed requirements.
a slight film of residual rolling oil as determined by the
water-alcohol test.
6. Chemical Composition
3.1.6 dry annealed, C—having a test dryness 80/20, having
6.1 Limits—The foil shall conform to the chemical compo-
a slight film of residual rolling oil as determined by the
sition limits in Table 1. For applications involving food
water-alcohol test.
packaging, handling, or preservation the absolute amounts of
3.1.7 slick annealed—having a uniform film of residual
lead, arsenic, and cadmium shall be less than 0.01 % each (see
rolling or applied oil as determined by the drop of water test.
footnote E of Table 1). The producer shall determine confor-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mance by analyzing samples taken when the ingots are poured,
3.2.1 capable of—The term capable of as used in this
or when continuous sheet or plate is cast, or by analyzing
specification means that the test need not be performed by the
samples taken from the finished or semifinished product. If the
producer of the material. However, should subsequent testing
producer has determined the chemical composition during the
by the purchaser establish that the material does not meet these
course of manufacture, he shall not be required to sample and
requirements, the material shall be subject to rejection.
analyze the finished product.
4. Ordering Information
A,B,C
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Limits
4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
Si + Fe 1.8 Ti 0.08
following information: D E,F
Cu 0.20 Others—each 0.05
D
Mn 0.10 Others—total 0.15
4.1.1 This specification designation (which includes the
G
Mg 0.05 Al, min. 98.00
number, the year, and the revision letter, if applicable),
Zn 0.10
4.1.2 Quantity in pieces, length (yards, metres) or weight
A
Limits are in percent maximum unless otherwise noted.
(pounds, kilograms),
B
Analysis shall be made for the elements for which limits are shown in this table,
4.1.3 Nominal thickness and (a) sheet size, or (b) maximum except for Aluminum.
C
For purposes of determining conformance to these limits, an observed value or
roll diameter, nominal roll width, and core size (Section 9),
a calculated value obtained from analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in
4.1.4 Surface condition (see 3.1.2 and 3.1.3),
the last right-hand place or figures used in expressing the specified limit, in
4.1.5 Type of splice (for rolls only), (see 10.2), accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.
D
Others includes all unlisted metallic elements. The producer may analyze
4.2 Additionally, orders for material to this specification
samples for trace elements not specified in the specification. However, such
analysis is not required and may not cover all metallic Others elements. Should
shall include the following information when required by the
any analysis by the producer or the purchaser establish that an Others element
purchaser:
exceeds the limit of Each or that the aggregate of several Others elements
4.2.1 Whether supply of a specific alloy is required (see
exceeds the limit of Total, the material shall be considered non-conforming.
E
For food applications, lead, arsenic, and cadmium shall be less than 0.01 %
1.1),
each. For purposes of determining conformance to the limits of these three
4.2.2 Whether inspection or witness of inspection and tests
elements, an observed value or a calculated value obtained from analysis shall be
by the purchaser’s representative is required prior to shipment, considered significant, in accordance with the absolute method of Practice E29.
F
Food packaging, in accordance with CONEG Model Legislation, shall have a
maximum total of less than 100 ppm for the combined total of lead, mercury,
tb
cadmium, and hexavalent-chrome (Pb, Hg, Cd, and Cr ).
G
Available from the Aluminum Association, 1400 Crystal Drive Suite 430,
The aluminum content shall be calculated by subtracting from 100.00 % the sum
Arlington, VA 22202, www.aluminum.org.
of all metallic elements present in amounts of 0.010 % or more each, rounded to
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the nearest 0.01 % prior to determining the sum.
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
B479−19
6.2 Number of Samples—The number of samples taken for 7. Tensile Properties
determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:
7.1 Limits—Tensile breaking load minimums and maxi-
6.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the ingots are
mums shall be as agreed between customer and supplier.
poured, at least one sample shall be taken for each group of
Splices shall be capable of developing 80 % of the breaking
ingots poured simultaneously from the same source of molten
load specified for unspliced foil.
metal.
NOTE 3—Tensile breaking loads define the strength properties good
6.2.2 When samples are taken at the time a coil is cast, at
quality foil is capable of meeting.
leastonesampleshallbetakenforeachcoilcastfromthesame
7.2 Number of Tests—When the tensile breaking load is to
source of molten metal.
be determined not less than two samples shall be selected from
6.2.3 When samples are taken from the finished or semi-
a shipment with each sample from a different roll of foil.
finished product, a sample shall be taken to represent each
7.3 Test Specimens—All the test specimens shall be taken
4000 lb (1814 kg), or fraction thereof, in the shipment.
parallel to the direction of rolling and they shall be in
6.3 Methods of Sampling—Samples for determination of
accordance with Type A or Type B specimens as covered by
chemical composition shall be taken in accordance with one of
Test Methods E345.
the following methods:
7.4 Test Method—The tensile breaking load tests shall be
6.3.1 Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the
made in accordance with Test Methods E345.
material by clipping a representative piece or pieces to obtain
a prepared sample of not less than 75 g. Sampling shall be in
8. Covering Area
accordance with Practice E55.
8.1 Limits—The covering area per pound shall be in accor-
6.3.2 Sampling for spectrochemical analysis shall be in
dance with the limits in Table 2.
accordance with Practices E716. Samples for other methods of
analysis shall be taken by means suitable for the form of
8.2 Number of Tests—Specimens consisting of at least 16
2 2
material being analyzed and the type of analytical method
in. (103cm )ofunsplicedfoilshallbetakentorepresenteach
used.
1000 lb (454 kg) or fraction thereof in a shipment. Not less
than two specimens shall be taken when the shipment consists
6.4 Methods of Analysis—The determination of chemical
of more than one roll, or 50 sheets.
composition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemi-
cal (Test Methods E3061), or spectrochemical (Test Method 8.3 Test Methods—The covering area per pound shall be
E607, and E1251), methods. Other methods may be used only determined in accordance with Test Method E252. The cover-
when no published ASTM method is available. In case of ing area may also be determined by means of a direct-reading
dispute, the methods of analysis shall be agreed between the basis-weight scale, but in case of dispute, the covering area
producer and purchaser. shall be determined by weighing to the nearest 1 mg a piece of
A
TABLE 2 Minimum, Maximum, and Nominal Covering Areas
B
Permissible Range of Covering Area
Nominal Thickness Nominal Covering Area
min max
2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2
in. (mm) in. /lb (10)(m /kg) in. /lb (10)(m /kg) in. /lb (10)(m /kg)
0.00020 (0.0051) 51.3 (72.9) 46.6 (66.3) 57.0 (81.1)
0.00025 (0.0064) 41.0 (58.3) 37.3 (53.0) 45.6 (64.8)
0.00030 (0.0076) 34.2 (48.6) 31.1
...