ASTM E1102-91(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1102 − 91 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Agricultural Chemical Application
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1102; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope or oz a.i./1000 ft. of row; for space application, mg a.i./m ,
or oz a.i./1000 ft ; for individual units, kg a.i./plant or
1.1 The purpose of this terminology standard is to establish
animal).
uniformity in terms used in the field of agricultural chemical
application. Terms are adopted from related fields and where
formulation rate—the amount of chemical formulation applied
applicable from Terminology E609.
per unit treated, expressed in terms of mass or volume per
relevant unit treated. (For area treatment, kg/ha, lb/A, or
1.2 The terms are appropriate to any agricultural chemical
oz/1000 ft of row; for space application, mg/m , or oz/1000
application. Units in parenthesis following a definition are
ft ; for individual units, kg/plant or animal).
meantastypicalandarenotexhaustiveofallunitsavailablefor
the term.
spray rate—the amount of spray liquid emitted by an applica-
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
tion unit during treatment, expressed in volume per unit
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
treated. (For area treatment, L/ha, or gal/A; for space
3 3
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
treatment, mL/m , or oz/1000 ft ; for individual units,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
L/plant, mL/animal, or gal/tree).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
concentration—amount of the active ingredient contained in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the chemical formulation expressed as a percent or mass per
relevant unit basis.
2. Referenced Documents
cumulative droplet diameter (D andD )—diameter of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
v.1 v.9
drop such that 10 % and 90 %, respectively, of the liquid
E609 Terminology Relating to Pesticides
volume is in drops of smaller diameter.
3. Terminology
deposit rate—the amount of any material deposited per unit
area.
GENERAL CHEMICAL TERMS AND
CHARACTERISTIC MEASUREMENTS
active chemical deposit rate—the amount of active ingredient
deposited per unit area.
air flow rate—the flow rate of air, expressed in volume per
3 3 3
relevant unit (ft /min, m /s, m /tree).
formulation deposit rate—theamountofformulationdeposited
per unit area.
application rate—the amount of any material applied per unit
treated:
spray deposit rate—the amount of spray liquid deposited per
unit area. Mean deposit rate is the average amount of deposit
active chemical rate—the amount of active ingredient (a.i.)
over the entire spray swath. Effective spray deposit rate is
applied per unit treated, expressed in terms of mass per
the mean deposit from center to center of adjoining swaths.
relevant unit treated. (For area treatment, kg a.i./ha, lb a.i./A,
diluent—a gas, liquid, or solid used to reduce the concentra-
tion of an active ingredient in the formulation or application
These terminologies are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
of a pesticide (see Terminology E609).
Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery
drift—the movement of chemicals outside the intended target
Systems.
by air mass transport or diffusion.
Current edition approved March 1, 2022. Published March 2022. Originally
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E1102 – 91(2015).
airborne drift—the dispersion of chemical particles to the
DOI: 10.1520/E1102-91R22.
2 atmosphere outside the intended target.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
particle drift deposits—the deposition of chemical particles
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. outside the intended target.
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E1102 − 91 (2022)
vapor drift—the dispersion of vaporized chemical to the TYPES OF APPLICATIONS
atmosphere and areas surrounding the target area during and
band application—an application of a pesticide to a continu-
following application.
ous restricted area such as in or along a crop row rather than
formulation—the form in which a chemical is offered to the over the entire field area (see Terminology E609).
user.
basal application—application of a chemical to the base of a
¯
plant.
mean droplet diameter (D )—is represented by the follow-
pq
ing:
baseboard application—application to a building on the
p
D lower portion of the inside walls.
( i
¯ ~p2q!
D 5 (1)
pq
q
D
i
(
broadcast application—an application of a material over the
entire area of a field.
where:
th
D = the diameter of the i particle,
i
crack and crevice application—application by a means that
o
∑D = the total number of drops in the sample. Thus:
i
projects the material into cracks and crevices of a structure.
¯
D = length mean diameter,
¯
dip application—application by direct immersion.
D = area mean diameter,
¯
D = volume mean diameter,
directed application—an application to a restricted area such
¯
D = volume/length mean diameter (mean evaporative
as a row, bed, or at the base of plants (see Definitions).
diameter),
¯
D = SAUTER mean diameter, and
32 foliar application—application of a chemical to the stems,
¯
D = DeBROUKERE or HERDAN mean diameter.
43 fruit, leaves, needles, or blades of a plant.
median droplet diameter (D )—Forcumulativedistributions,
xf pour-on application—application by pouring a chemical onto
D , where x is V, A, L,or N, are diameters such that the
xf the target.
fraction (f) of the total of volume, surface ar
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