ASTM E2824-23

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2824 − 18a E2824 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Beryllium in Copper-Beryllium Alloys by
Phosphate Gravimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the determination of beryllium in copper-beryllium alloys in percentages from 0.1 % to 3.0 % by
phosphate gravimetry.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 9.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E173 Practice for Conducting Interlaboratory Studies of Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals (Withdrawn 1997)
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition
E1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this method, refer to Terminology E135.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.05 on Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Sn, Be, Precious Metals, their Alloys, and Related Metals.
Current edition approved June 1, 2018July 1, 2023. Published July 2018July 2023. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as
E2824E2824 – 18a.–18. DOI: 10.1520/E2824-18A.10.1520/E2824-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
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E2824 − 23
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Beryllium is precipitated as the phosphate, which is filtered, ignited, and weighed as beryllium pyrophosphate. Interfering
elements, if present, may be complexed with (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetate EDTA solution.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys is primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with
compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing
common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
6. Interferences
6.1 The elements ordinarily present in beryllium-copper alloys do not interfere.
7. Apparatus
7.1 Electrodes for Electroanalysis—Recommended stationary type platinum electrodes are described in 7.1.1 and 7.1.2. The
surface of the platinum electrode should be smooth, clean, and bright to promote uniform deposition and good adherence.
Deviations from the exact size and shape are allowable. In instances where it is desirable to decrease the time of deposition and
agitation of the electrolyte is permissible, a generally available rotating type of electrode may be employed. Cleaning of the
electrode by sandblasting is not recommended.
7.1.1 Cathodes—Platinum cathodes may be either open or closed cylinders formed from sheets that are plain or perforated, or from
gauze. Gauze cathodes are recommended; preferably from 50-mesh gauze woven from approximately 0.21 mm diameter wire. The
top and bottom of gauze cathodes should be reinforced by doubling the gauze about 3 mm onto itself, or by the use of platinum
bands or rings. The cylinder should be approximately 30 mm in diameter and 50 mm in height. The stem should be made from
a platinum alloy wire such as platinum-iridium, platinum-rhodium, or platinum-ruthenium, having a diameter of approximately 1.3
mm. It should be flattened and welded the entire length of the gauze. The overall height of the cathode should be approximately
130 mm. A cathode of these dimensions will have a surface area of 135 cm exclusive of the stem.
7.1.2 Anodes—Platinum anodes may be a spiral type when anodic deposits are not being determined, or if the deposits are small
(as in the electrolytic determination of lead when it is present in concentrations below 0.2 %). Spiral anodes should be made from
1.0 mm or larger platinum wire formed into a spiral of seven turns having a height of approximately 130 mm. A spiral anode of
these dimensions will have a surface area of 9 cm . When both cathode and anode plates are to be determined, the anode should
be made of the same material and design as the electrode described in 7.1.1. The anode cylinder should be approximately 12 mm
in diameter and 50 mm in height and the overall height of the anode should be approximately 130 mm. A gauze anode of these
dimensions will have a surface area of 54 cm exclusive of the stem.
7.1.3 Gauze cathodes are recommended where rapid electrolysis is used.
8. Reagents
8.1 Ammonium Acetate Solution (500 g/L)—Dissolve 500 g of ammonium acetate in water, and dilute to 1 L.
8.2 Ammonium Acetate Wash Solution—Dilute 5 mL of the ammonium acetate solution to 1 L, and adjust the pH to 5.2 6 0.05
with acetic acid.
NOTE 1—Use a pH meter for all pH adjustments.
8.3 Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (100 g/L)—Dissolve 100 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH H PO ) in water and
4 2 4
dilute to 1 L.
8.4 Ammonium (Ethylenedinitrilo) Tetraacetate Solution (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA) (28 g/L)—To
2.5 g of (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid EDTA add 30 mL of water and a drop of methyl red solution. Neutralize with NH OH
(1 + 1), and warm gently to dissolve the last traces of solid. Cool and dilute to 100 mL.
E2824 − 23
8.5 Methyl Red Indicator Solution (0.5 g/L ethanol)—Dissolve 0.05 g of methyl red in 100 mL of ethanol.
8.6 Sulfuric-Nitric Acid Mixture—Add slowly, while stirring in a cold water bath, 300 mL of H SO to 750 mL of water. Cool and
2 4
add 210 mL of HNO .
8.7 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity
to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
8.8 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming to
Type I or Type II of Specification D1193. Type III or Type IV may be used if they effect no measurable cha
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