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31.220.20 - Switches

ICS 31.220.20 Details

Switches

Schalter

Interrupteurs

Stikala

General Information

Parent
31.220 - Electromechanical components for electronic and telecommunications equipment

Frequently Asked Questions

ICS 31.220.20 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Switches". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.

There are 89 standards classified under ICS 31.220.20 (Switches). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.

The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.

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Standardization Organization
Technical Committee
Directive
Mandate
50
CLC
EN IEC 61020-1:2019(Main)
Electromechanical switches for use in electrical and electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification
SIST EN IEC 61020-1:2019

This part of IEC 61020 specifies the terminology, symbols, test methods and other necessary information to provide consistency in detail specifications for electromechanical switches. This document relates to electromechanical switches intended for use in electrical and electronic appliances. Switches covered by this document: a) are devices which open, close, or change the connection of a circuit by the mechanical motion of conducting parts (contacts); b) have a maximum rated voltage of 480 V; c) have a maximum rated current of 63 A. This document does not include keyboards and keypads which are intended for use in information-handling systems. Electromechanical key switches can be included under the scope of this document. Switch families will be described in any detail specifications that reference this document. This document is a performance standard intended to describe evaluation methods to better clarify the capabilities of a switch. NOTE 1 Safety requirements for switches for household and similar fixed electrical installations are given in IEC 60669 (all parts). NOTE 2 Safety requirements for appliance switches are given in IEC 61058 (all parts).

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IEC
IEC 61000-3-3:2013(Main)
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-3: Limits - Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current ≤16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection

IEC 61000-3-3:2013 is concerned with the limitation of voltage fluctuations and flicker impressed on the public low-voltage system. It specifies limits of voltage changes which may be produced by an equipment tested under specified conditions and gives guidance on methods of assessment. It is applicable to electrical and electronic equipment having an input current equal to or less than 16 A per phase, intended to be connected to public low-voltage distribution systems of between 220 V and 250 V line to neutral at 50 Hz, and not subject to conditional connection. IEC 61000-3-3 has the status of a product family standard within the IEC 61000 series. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision which takes account of the changes made in IEC 61000-4-15:2010.

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SIST
SIST EN IEC 62343-3-3:2020(Main)
Dynamic modules - Part 3-3: Performance specification templates - Wavelength selective switches (IEC 62343-3-3:2020)
EN IEC 62343-3-3:2020

IEC 62343-3-3:2020 is available as IEC 62343-3-3:2020 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.

IEC 62343-3-3:2020 provides a performance specification template for wavelength selective switches. The object is to provide a framework for the preparation of detail specifications on the performance of wavelength selective switches. Additional specification parameters are often included for detailed product specifications or performance specifications if necessary. However, specification parameters specified in this document are not removed from the detail product specifications or performance specifications. The technical information regarding wavelength selective switches and their applications in DWDM systems with single-mode fibres are described in IEC TR 62343-6-4. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- modification of the normative references;
- modification of the terms and definitions.

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SIST EN IEC 61020-1:2019(Main)
Electromechanical switches for use in electrical and electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification (IEC 61020-1:2019)
EN IEC 61020-1:2019

This part of IEC 61020 specifies the terminology, symbols, test methods and other necessary information to provide consistency in detail specifications for electromechanical switches.
This document relates to electromechanical switches intended for use in electrical and electronic appliances. Switches covered by this document:
a) are devices which open, close, or change the connection of a circuit by the mechanical motion of conducting parts (contacts);
b) have a maximum rated voltage of 480 V;
c) have a maximum rated current of 63 A.
This document does not include keyboards and keypads which are intended for use in information-handling systems. Electromechanical key switches can be included under the scope of this document.
Switch families will be described in any detail specifications that reference this document.
This document is a performance standard intended to describe evaluation methods to better clarify the capabilities of a switch.
NOTE 1 Safety requirements for switches for household and similar fixed electrical installations are given in IEC 60669 (all parts).
NOTE 2 Safety requirements for appliance switches are given in IEC 61058 (all parts).

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IEC
IEC 61020-1:2019(Main)
Electromechanical switches for use in electrical and electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification

IEC 61020-1:2019 specifies the terminology, symbols, test methods and other necessary information to provide consistency in detail specifications for electromechanical switches.
This document relates to electromechanical switches intended for use in electrical and electronic appliances. Switches covered by this document:
a) are devices which open, close, or change the connection of a circuit by the mechanical motion of conducting parts (contacts);
b) have a maximum rated voltage of 480 V;
c) have a maximum rated current of 63 A.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2009.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) In accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2:2016, Clause 2 General has been replaced by two new clauses: Clause 2 Normative references and Clause 3 Terms, definitions, units and symbols.
2.4 Preferred values and 2.5 Marking have been moved to Clauses 5 and 6. In addition, 6.2 Markings on packaging has been added.
b) Clause 3 Quality assurance procedures and Annex A have been deleted.
c) 4.3.6.3 Returning force has been added.
d) 4.3.6.4 Travel (movement of the actuator) has been added.
e) 4.12 Environmental testing:
4.12.1.3 and 4.12.1.5 have been renumbered 4.12.2 and 4.12.3, respectively. 4.12.1.4 and 4.12.1.7 have been integrated in 4.12.5. 4.12.10 Salt mist has been added.
f) Following publication of IEC 61058-1-1:2016, some cross-references to IEC 61058-1 have been updated.
g) The following items have been updated with respect to the second edition.
- Tables and figures:
Tables 1 and 3 have been deleted, Table 4 has been renumbered to Table 10. New Tables 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 have been added.
Figure 1 has been renumbered to Figure 3, Figure 2 renumbered to Figure 4, Figure 3 renumbered to Figure 9 and Figure 4 renumbered to Figure 12. Added new Figures 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 11 have been added.
- Specific words and common names have been unified.

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IEC 62625-2:2016(Main)
Electronic railway equipment - On board driving data recording system - Part 2: Conformity testing

IEC 62625-2:2016 covers the standardized test methods for verifying the compliance of an On board Driving Data Recording System implementation with the requirements specified by IEC 62625-1. It also covers the conformity testing criteria for designed and manufactured ODDRS. This part of IEC 62625 includes the list of the requirements specified by IEC 62625-1 and the relevant acceptance conditions for ODDRS at design review, type test and routine test phases. For the train level design review and train level test phases, this part provides guidelines for the conformity testing methods to be applied to the ODDRS installed on the train.

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SIST
SIST EN 60876-1:2015(Main)
Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components - Fibre optic spatial switches - Part 1: Generic specification (IEC 60876-1:2014)
EN 60876-1:2014

IEC 60876-1:2014 applies to fibre optic switches possessing all of the following general features:
- they are passive in that they contain no optoelectronic or other transducing elements;
- they have one or more ports for the transmission of optical power and two or more states in which power may be routed or blocked between these ports;
- the ports are optical fibres or fibre optic connectors. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition that was published in 2012 and constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- addition of definitions for the terms for "normally-on;
- "normally-off" and "crosstalk";
- addition of a new Annex E.
Keywords: fibre optic switches, transmission of optical power, fibre optic connectors

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IEC 61020-1:2009(Main)
Electromechanical switches for use in electrical and electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification

IEC 61020-1:2009 provides consistency in detail specifications for electromechanical switches by specifying the terminology, symbols, test methods and other necessary information. Switches covered by this specification:
- are devices which open, close, or change the connection of a circuit by the mechanical motion of conducting parts (contacts);
- have a maximum rated voltage of 480 V;
- have a maximum rated current of 63 A.
This second edition constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- The requirements of the IEC 60512 series of standards have been integrated.
- Other necessary information concerning switches as specified in IEC 60512 have been implemented.
The following items have been updated with respect to the first edition:
- test methods were reviewed for detailed description;
- the explanation for the test method of the operating force was rewritten in more detail;
- the test voltage for measurement for contact bounce was reviewed;
- the electrical endurance "ON" duration in the duty cycle was harmonized with IEC 61058;
- the requirements for fire hazards have been deleted;
- testing methods of surface mounting switches based on the Japanese industrial standard were added.

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CISPR 16-1:1993/AMD1:1997(Amendment)
Amendment 1 - Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
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ASTM
ASTM F1843-15(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sample Preparation of Plastic Films used on Membrane Switch Overlays for Specular Gloss Measurements (Withdrawn 2024)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Gloss measurements are used to qualify a raw material or finished product.  
5.2 Sample preparation will effect the outcome of gloss readings. This practice will eliminate second surface reflection, and allow a more accurate gloss reading of the substrate.  
5.3 Materials which require this preparation include the following: clear or translucent substrates, colored transparent substrates, and areas printed with clear, translucent, or transparent colored coatings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the method of sample preparation, prior to taking gloss measurements on a membrane switch overlay.  
1.2 Typical applications include window display areas on a graphic overlay, and surface texture.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This practice covers the method of sample preparation, prior to taking gloss measurements on a membrane switch overlay.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this practice was withdrawn in January 2024 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM F2360-08(2015)e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Luminance of a Membrane Switch Backlit with Diffuse Light Source (Withdrawn 2024)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Illumination of a switch or of certain features of a switch often has a functional purpose and must meet specification to satisfy the functional requirements of the switch.  
3.2 Illumination of the switch can be affected by variations in the quality and design of the overlay and its application.  
3.3 This test method addresses only the optical and visual appearance of the switch and not its electrical function.  
3.4 This test method is non-destructive.  
3.5 If this test method is applied to the entire switch assembly, the results can be applied to the whole device. However, it may be sufficient and practical to apply the test either to a subassembly only, or to the illumination layer only, in which case the results apply to that layer only and the net effect on the fully assembled device must be calculated, extrapolated, or otherwise inferred.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the luminance of a backlit membrane switch. As written, it applies to a fully assembled switch. For specific purposes, it can be applied to partially assembled switches with the understanding that the results pertain only to the partial assembly and will be modified as the further assembly proceeds.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers procedures for determining the luminance of a backlit membrane switch. As written, it applies to a fully assembled switch. For specific purposes, it can be applied to partially assembled switches with the understanding that the results pertain only to the partial assembly and will be modified as the further assembly proceeds.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2024 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM F1596-15(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Exposure of a Membrane Switch or Printed Electronic Device to Temperature and Relative Humidity (Withdrawn 2024)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Changes in temperature and humidity during shipping, storage or use can affect the visual appearance, mechanical integrity, or electrical functionality of switches. This practice simulates three different environments to which membrane switches may be exposed.  
4.2 The three industry-recognized switch categories based on performance levels are Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 (see section 9.1).  
4.3 Additionally, there may be custom requirements that vary by application, therefore, these requirements can be determined by customer and vendor agreement and be established as a Level 4.  
4.4 This practice defines the duration of a single cycle. Multiple cycles may be appropriate depending on the requirements of the application.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for temperature and humidity cycling of a membrane switch or printed electronic device.  
1.2 This test method is performed to evaluate the properties of materials used in the construction of membrane switch or printed electronic assemblies as they are influenced by the absorption and diffusion of moisture and moisture vapor. This is an accelerated environmental test, accomplished by the continuous exposure of the test specimen to high relative humidity at an elevated temperature. Absorption of moisture by many materials results in swelling, which destroys their functional utility, causes loss of physical strength, and changes in other mechanical properties. Insulating materials which absorb moisture may suffer degradation of their electrical properties.  
1.2.1 Physical changes:
1.2.1.1 Differential contraction or expansion rates or induced strain of dissimilar materials.
1.2.1.2 Cracking of surface coatings.
1.2.1.3 Leaking of sealed compartments.
1.2.1.4 Deformation or fracture of components.  
1.2.2 Chemical changes:
1.2.2.1 Separation of constituents.
1.2.2.2 Failure of chemical agent protection.  
1.2.3 Electrical changes:
1.2.3.1 Changes in electronic and electrical components.
1.2.3.2 Electronic or mechanical failures due to rapid water of condensate formation.
1.2.3.3 Excessive static electricity.  
1.3 This test method is not intended to be a thermal shock procedure; a ramp rate between temperature extremes should not exceed 2°C/min.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers a procedure for temperature and humidity cycling of a membrane switch or printed electronic device.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2024 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM F1842-15(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Ink or Coating Adhesion on Flexible Substrates for a Membrane Switch or Printed Electronic Device (Withdrawn 2024)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 If the ink or coating is to fulfill its function, it must adhere to the substrate. Substrates and their surface preparation have a significant effect on the adhesion of inks or coatings. Therefore, a method of evaluating adhesion of inks or coatings to different substrates or surface treatments, or of different inks or coatings to the same substrate and surface treatment, is useful to the industry.  
5.2 The limitations of all adhesion methods and the specific limitation of this test method to lower levels of adhesion should be recognized before using it. The intra– and inter–laboratory precision of this test method is under evaluation.  
5.3 Printing area to be tested should be a solid area large enough to include the entire cross hatch pattern.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is based on existing Test Method D3359, with modifications to make it suitable for flexible substrates, printed electronic devices and membrane switches.  
1.2 Despite the problems associated with a tape test on plastic substrates, it is our belief that this is still one of the best ways to test ink and coating for adhesion for membrane switch or printed electronic device applications. In writing this test method we are addressing several of the objections to the test method that could affect its precision and repeatability on plastic substrates.  
1.3 These test methods cover whether the adhesion of coating or ink to a substrate is at an acceptable level. They do not distinguish between higher levels of adhesion, for which more sophisticated methods of measurement may be required.
Note 1: It should be recognized that differences in adherability of the ink or coating surface can affect the results obtained with inks or coatings having the same inherent adhesion.  
1.4 In multi–coat systems adhesion failure may occur between coats, so that the adhesion of the coating system to the substrate is not determined.  
1.5 This test method is specifically designed for measuring adhesion of inks and coatings (films) that have a thickness of 5 mil (125 microns) or less, on plastics such as polyester and polycarbonate.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method is based on existing Test Method D3359, with modifications to make it suitable for flexible substrates, printed electronic devices and membrane switches.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2024 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM F1812-15(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Effect of an ESD Discharge on a Membrane Switch or Printed Electronic Device (Withdrawn 2024)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Nearly all electronic devices are susceptible to possible damage or degradation from ESD encountered in their operating environments. The sensitivity of the equipment, the potential consequences of a malfunction, and the expected environmental conditions all impact the level of ESD protection needed.  
3.2 ESD shielding effectiveness test may be destructive, and units that have been tested should be considered unreliable for future use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the electrostatic discharge (ESD) shielding effectiveness of a membrane switch assembly or printed electronic device. This test method may be used to test a membrane switch or printed electronic device to destruction, that is, to determine its maximum ESD shielding effectiveness, or it may be used to test the ability of a membrane switch or printed electronic device to withstand a predetermined level of exposure.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use..
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method is used to determine the electrostatic discharge (ESD) shielding effectiveness of a membrane switch assembly or printed electronic device. This test method may be used to test a membrane switch or printed electronic device to destruction, that is, to determine its maximum ESD shielding effectiveness, or it may be used to test the ability of a membrane switch or printed electronic device to withstand a predetermined level of exposure.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2024 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM
ASTM F1995-13(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Shear Strength of the Bond between a Surface Mount Device (SMD) and Substrate in a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The different combinations of SMD types, attachment medias, circuit substrates, plating options, and process variation can account for significant variation in test outcome.  
3.2 The SMD shear strength test is useful to manufacturers and users for determining the bond strength of the component to the membrane switch circuit.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shear integrity of materials and procedures used to attach surface mount devices (SMD) to a membrane switch circuit.  
1.2 This test method is typically used to indicate the sufficient cure of conductive adhesive or underfill, or both. In general, this test method should be used prior to encapsulant. This test may also be used to demonstrate the Shear Force with encapsulation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the determination of the shear integrity of materials and procedures used to attach surface mount devices (SMD) to a membrane switch circuit.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in November 2023. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because Committee F01 was disbanded.

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ASTM
ASTM F1595-00(2020)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Viewing Conditions for Visual Inspection of Membrane Switches (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice is designed to enable all manufacturers and users of membrane switches to perform visual inspections under uniform conditions. The aim is to eliminate key variables in the inspection procedures so specimens can be viewed more objectively.  
3.2 Viewing specimens under these conditions could reveal cosmetic defects in the specimen. Many of these defects or flaws are due to variables in the raw materials or the manufacturing process. These cosmetic flaws or defects do not necessarily mean that the specimen is defective. The determination of whether a specimen is acceptable or defective varies with the application and the needs of the user. Therefore, customer and vendor must agree on acceptable quality standards prior to manufacturing.  
3.3 This practice does not establish standards for acceptability of specimens, only how they must be viewed (inspected).  
3.4 This practice is not intended to be used for color matching purposes. Color matching must be performed under more precise lighting conditions outside the scope of this practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for performing visual inspection of membrane switches. This includes visual inspection of overlays and circuitry.  
1.2 This practice defines lighting parameters, distance from eye to specimen, viewing angle, and the viewing time allowed for a specific size specimen.  
1.3 This practice is only designed for visual inspection of aesthetic qualities of membrane switches. It is not intended for color matching or gloss measurement.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This practice covers procedures for performing visual inspection of membrane switches. This includes visual inspection of overlays and circuitry.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this practice was withdrawn in November 2023. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because Committee F01 was disbanded.

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ASTM
ASTM F2865-13(2021)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Classifying the Degrees of Ingress of Dust and Water into a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Ingression protection classifications are widely used by manufacturers for specifying the level of protection offered by enclosures.  
5.2 An example of such a classification scheme is IEC 60529. Membrane switch manufacturers are often asked to meet these standards, however the test methods specified within these standards do not address considerations specific to membrane switches.  
5.3 The MSIP classification system considers the membrane switch separately from the testing and IP codes used for classifying the enclosure when subject to similar test conditions.  
5.4 Ingression testing can be useful to identify design deficiencies.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes a classification system and references test methods for verifying the degrees of:  
1.1.1 The ingress of dust into the internal layers of a membrane switch.  
1.1.2 Ingress of water into the internal layers of a membrane switch.  
1.1.3 Where external test methods are referenced, this guide specifies the special conditions that shall be considered in applying these tests to membrane switches and how the results are interpreted.  
1.2 This guide references test methods that can be used to establish the ingress classification of a membrane switch.  
1.3 This guide utilizes the test methods and reporting structure of IEC 60529 – (Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures) modified for membrane switches.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide establishes a classification system and references test methods for verifying the degrees of ingress of dust and water into the internal layers of a membrane switch and the special conditions that shall be considered in applying these tests to membrane switches when external test methods are referenced.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this guide was withdrawn in November 2023. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because Committee F01 was disbanded.

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ASTM
ASTM F2866-11(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Flammability of a Membrane Switch in Defined Assembly (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 There are numerous flammability ratings and tests. Almost without fail, these standards and tests are focused on very specific industries or results, many of which are not applicable to the membrane switch/human machine interface assembly. This test is designed to provide relative results between membrane switches that have been assembled to the unit's final enclosure, housing, etc.  
4.2 In addition to the test's measurement of the rate of burn, a laboratory can also observe the effects of burning material falling from the test specimen onto other materials (typically a gauze test area) not directly part of the test specimen. The indirect burning is an issue of interest to see if the test specimen will be able to act as an initiator for a far greater and more damaging flame event (fire). Observations should be noted, as qualitative descriptions, as appropriate.  
4.3 This test can measure the flammability via the use of high-speed photographic or video equipment.  
4.4 Temperature of the ignition source can be measured via a calibrated thermocouple pyrometer, calorimeter or IR thermometer with an appropriate range.  
4.5 This test is not designed to provide a PASS or NO PASS status for a switch, rather, it is designed to provide a “grade” for the level of flammability of a membrane switch assembly (as defined in 3.1.10). The end user should make the final determination if the level of flammability is acceptable for the particular application.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flammability characteristics of a membrane switch.  
1.2 This test method defines the MSB rating of a membrane switch. Each character of the MSB rating represents a discrete characteristic of a membrane switch performance under destructive thermal loading.  
1.3 This test procedure will be destructive, but should provide an insight into the relative performance flame-resistance characteristics of differing designs or assemblies, or both.  
1.4 This test method will focus on the use of convective contact (burner flame) method for ignition, though other methods of ignition are available.  
1.5 This test method is designed to determine if the membrane switch assembly will add (or detract) from the flame propagation from an exterior flame/fire source.  
1.6 If this test is intended to be used for an internal flammability source then set up the unit under test (UUT) appropriately and note it in the test scope and results.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the determination of the flammability characteristics of a membrane switch.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in November 2023. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because Committee F01 was disbanded.

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ASTM
ASTM F2359-04(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Color of a Membrane Switch Backlit with Diffuse Light Source (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Illumination of a switch or of certain features of a switch often has a functional purpose and must meet specification to satisfy the functional requirements of the switch.  
3.2 Illumination of the switch can be affected by variations in the quality and design of the overlay and its application.  
3.3 This test method addresses only the optical and visual appearance of the switch and not its electrical function.  
3.4 This test method is non-destructive.  
3.5 If this test method is applied to the entire switch assembly, the results can be applied to the whole device. However, it may be sufficient and practical to apply the test either to a subassembly only, or to the illumination only, in which case the results apply to that layer only and the net effect on the fully assembled device must be extrapolated.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the luminous color of a backlit membrane switch. As written, it applies to a fully assembled switch. For specific purposes, it can be applied to partially assembled switches, with the understanding that the results pertain only to the partial assembly and will be modified as the further assembly proceeds.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers procedures for determining the luminous color of a backlit membrane switch. As written, it applies to a fully assembled switch. For specific purposes, it can be applied to partially assembled switches, with the understanding that the results pertain only to the partial assembly and will be modified as the further assembly proceeds.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in November 2023. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because Committee F01 was disbanded.

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ASTM
ASTM F3152-16(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Abrasion Resistance of Inks and Coatings on Substrates Using Dry or Wet Abrasive Medium (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Membrane switch keys are subjected to repeated actuations, usually by a human finger. This can transfer body oil, hand creams, automotive fluids and so forth. Materials are often subjected to other conditions (for example, wiping, cleaning, rubbing) during handling, end-use, shipment, or storage that may cause abrasion damage. The result may be a significant removal of the coatings, text, or decorative inks.  
3.2 This test method is applicable to a wide range of materials. The main criterion is that the abrasion process produces visible wear or breakthrough of the surface being tested.  
3.3 The amount of abrasion damage to a surface is dependent on numerous variables. This test method provides a way of comparing relative abrasion resistance and the effect of chemicals on inks, coatings, and substrates. In no way do the results provide a correlation value of the number of human finger touches before coating failure. It only provides a means to compare results of tests performed using the same equipment, abrasive materials and loading conditions.  
3.4 The test method can be used for quality control purposes, as a research and development tool, to evaluate material combinations for a given application, or for the comparison of materials with relatively similar properties and the effect of chemicals on the abrasion resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the procedure for subjecting inks or coatings on substrates to an abrasive medium, with or without the application of chemicals, at a specified force.  
1.2 Within certain limitations, as described in this standard, this test method is applicable for materials including, but not limited to: printed or coated polyester, polycarbonate, and silicone rubber. The samples can be either flat or contoured.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method describes the procedure for subjecting inks or coatings on substrates to an abrasive medium, with or without the application of chemicals, at a specified force.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in November 2023. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because Committee F01 was disbanded.

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SIST
SIST EN 196403:2001(Main)
Blank Detail Specification: Push button switches - Assessment level Y
EN 196403:1998

D96/132: CECC/SC 23JX disbanded

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SIST
SIST EN 62343-3-3:2014(Main)
Dynamic modules - Performance specification templates - Part 3-3: Wavelength selective switches
EN 62343-3-3:2014

IEC 62343-3-3:2014 provides a performance specification template for wavelength selective switches. The object is to provide a framework for the preparation of detail specifications on the performance of wavelength selective switches. Additional specification parameters may be included for detailed product specifications or performance specifications. However, specification parameters specified in this standard shall not be removed from the detail product specifications or performance specifications. The technical information regarding wavelength selective switches, and their applications in DWDM systems will be described in IEC TR 62343-6-4, currently under consideration.
Keywords: performance specification template for wavelength selective switches

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ASTM
ASTM F2073-14(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Non-Destructive Short Circuit Testing of a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Destructive and non-destructive tests characteristics must be evaluated to ensure the membrane switch will operate and survive the application it was designed for. It is not feasible for all tests to be performed on each membrane of a production lot. However, there are some non-destructive tests that must be performed on each switch assembly to ensure 100 % functionality and checking each i/o point for unwanted electrical continuity to any other i/o point is one of these characteristics.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard establishes a test method for detecting unwanted electrical shorts in a membrane switch.  
1.2 Since this is a non-destructive test, it can be performed on a membrane switch that is going to be mounted and used in its intended environment.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This standard establishes a test method for detecting unwanted electrical shorts in a membrane switch.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM
ASTM F2072-14(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hosedown of a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of water inside a membrane switch can affect its mechanical operation or electrical functionality, or both.  
4.2 This practice establishes a procedure to verify the ability of a membrane switch to resist the entry of liquid into itself or a finished product, or both. It is useful in identifying design deficiencies.  
4.3 Hosedown testing may be destructive, therefore any samples tested should be considered unfit for future use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method establishes procedures for the hosedown of a membrane switch to verify adequate protection from ingress of water from a high-volume water spray.  
1.2 This test method can also be used to verify the ability of a membrane switch or graphics layer to act as a liquid seal for a finished product.  
1.3 Additional test methods or practices can be incorporated to investigate specific results or capabilities.  
1.4 This test method is a modification of NEMA Publication Number 250-2008 Section 6.7 which is a test for hosedown of a finished product housing.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method establishes procedures for the hosedown of a membrane switch to verify adequate protection from ingress of water from a high-volume water spray.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM
ASTM F1762-14(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Atmospheric Pressure Variation on a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Erratic operation or malfunction of a membrane switch resulting from changes in the specified switch characteristics,  
4.2 Rupture, implosion or explosion of seals due to pressure variations,  
4.3 Change in physical or chemical properties due to pressure differentiations, and  
4.4 Delaminations of a membrane switch may occur due to pressure variations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for exposing a membrane switch to variations in atmospheric pressure. It can be used to determine the effects of pressure variations on chemical and mechanical properties and functional characteristics of the switch.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers a procedure for exposing a membrane switch to variations in atmospheric pressure. It can be used to determine the effects of pressure variations on chemical and mechanical properties and functional characteristics of the switch.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM
ASTM F1895-14(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Submersion of a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The presence of water inside a membrane switch can affect its mechanical operation or electrical functionality, or both. Electrical failure can result as short circuits due to silver migration or exceeding the specified resistance due to oxidation.  
4.2 This test method establishes a procedure to verify the ability of a membrane switch to resist the entry of liquid in itself or a finished product, or both. It is useful in identifying design deficiencies.  
4.3 Submersion testing may be destructive, therefore any samples tested should be considered unfit for future use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method establishes procedures for the submerging of a membrane switch to verify resistance to ingress of a specified liquid.  
1.2 This test method can also be used to verify the ability of a membrane switch or graphics layer to act as a liquid seal for a finished product.  
1.3 Additional test methods or practices can be incorporated to investigate specific results or capabilities.  
1.4 This test method is a modification of National Electrical Manufacturers Assoc. (NEMA) Publication 250-1991 Section 6.10, which is a test for submersion of a finished product housing.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method establishes procedures for the submerging of a membrane switch to verify resistance to ingress of a specified liquid.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM
ASTM F1598-95(2014)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Chemical/Solvent Exposure to a Membrane Switch/Graphic Overlay (Spot Test Method) (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The specific chemical(s) selected is at the discretion of the customer and vendor.  
3.2 Variations in results may be expected due to different rates of chemical evaporation. The use of a watchglass with sealed edges is intended to curtail or eliminate evaporation of the chemical.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of any surface that may be exposed to liquid chemical(s).  
1.2 This test method is not designed for immersion testing conditions or material edge attack.  
1.3 This test method is designed for evaluation of visual changes. In certain instances physical (non-visual) changes may occur and functional testing may be appropriate.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the testing of any surface that may be exposed to liquid chemical(s).
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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ASTM
ASTM F1578-07(2014)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Contact Closure Cycling of a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This testing is performed to determine the electrical contact reliability under switching conditions and the physical changes caused by mechanical actuation of the switch assembly in the environments in which the assemblies operate. Evidence of deterioration, that is, cracking of substrate, domes both metal and polyester, ink delamination, etc., resulting from this test can at times be determined by visual examination. However, the effects may be more readily ascertained by measurements made prior to, during, and after exposure. Total circuit resistance, force-displacement, dielectric strength, insulation resistance, and capacitance are types of measurements that show the deleterious effects due to exposure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the setup, procedure, and apparatus required to depress and release a membrane switch to a predetermined number of cycles.  
1.2 This test method also covers the optional use of specified voltage and current during the cycling of the membrane switch.  
1.3 This test method can be used in conjunction with other ASTM standards such as Test Method F1596.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the setup, procedure, and apparatus required to depress and release a membrane switch to a predetermined number of cycles.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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SIST
SIST EN 61020-1:2009(Main)
Electromechanical switches for use in electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification (IEC 61020-1:2009)
EN 61020-1:2009

IEC 61020-1:2009 provides consistency in detail specifications for electromechanical switches by specifying the terminology, symbols, test methods and other necessary information. Switches covered by this specification:  - are devices which open, close, or change the connection of a circuit by the mechanical motion of conducting parts (contacts);  - have a maximum rated voltage of 480 V;  - have a maximum rated current of 63 A.  This second edition constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:  - The requirements of the IEC 60512 series of standards have been integrated.  - Other necessary information concerning switches as specified in IEC 60512 have been implemented.  The following items have been updated with respect to the first edition:  - test methods were reviewed for detailed description;  - the explanation for the test method of the operating force was rewritten in more detail;  - the test voltage for measurement for contact bounce was reviewed;  - the electrical endurance 'ON' duration in the duty cycle was harmonized with IEC 61058;  - the requirements for fire hazards have been deleted;  - testing methods of surface mounting switches based on the Japanese industrial standard were added.

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SIST
SIST EN 196500:2003/A1:2004(Amendment)
Sectional Specification: Membrane switches including Blank Detail Specification EN 196501
EN 196500:1993/A1:2001

Superseded by EN 61020-1:2009

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SIST
SIST EN 196500:2003(Main)
Sectional Specification: Membrane switches including Blank Detail Specification EN 196501
EN 196500:1993

Supersedes CECC 96 500:1992 * D96/132: CECC/SC 23JX disbanded

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SIST
SIST EN 196103:2001(Main)
Blank Detail Specification: Rotary switches - Assessment level Y
EN 196103:1998

D96/132: CECC/SC 23JX disbanded

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CLC
EN 61020-1:2009(Main)
Electromechanical switches for use in electrical and electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification
SIST EN 61020-1:2009

IEC 61020-1:2009 provides consistency in detail specifications for electromechanical switches by specifying the terminology, symbols, test methods and other necessary information. Switches covered by this specification: - are devices which open, close, or change the connection of a circuit by the mechanical motion of conducting parts (contacts); - have a maximum rated voltage of 480 V; - have a maximum rated current of 63 A. This second edition constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - The requirements of the IEC 60512 series of standards have been integrated. - Other necessary information concerning switches as specified in IEC 60512 have been implemented. The following items have been updated with respect to the first edition: - test methods were reviewed for detailed description; - the explanation for the test method of the operating force was rewritten in more detail; - the test voltage for measurement for contact bounce was reviewed; - the electrical endurance 'ON' duration in the duty cycle was harmonized with IEC 61058; - the requirements for fire hazards have been deleted; - testing methods of surface mounting switches based on the Japanese industrial standard were added.

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ASTM
ASTM F2357-10(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Abrasion Resistance of Inks and Coatings on Membrane Switches Using the Norman Tool "RCA" Abrader (Withdrawn 2017)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Membrane Switch keys are subjected to repeated actuations, usually by a human finger. They are also subjected to other conditions (for example, wiping, cleaning, rubbing) during handling, end-use, shipment, or storage that may cause abrasion damage. The result may be a significant removal of the coatings, text or decorative inks.
This test method is applicable to a wide range of materials. The main criterion is that the abrasion process produces visible wear or breakthrough in the surface being tested.
The amount of abrasion damage to a surface is dependent on numerous variables. This test method provides a way of comparing relative abrasion resistance of inks and coatings. In no way do the results provide a correlation value of the number of human finger touches before coating failure. It only provides a means to compare results of tests performed using the same equipment, abrasive materials and loading conditions.
The test method can be used for quality control purposes, as a research and development tool, to evaluate material combinations for a given application, or for the comparison of materials with relatively similar properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the procedure for subjecting inks or coatings on membrane switches to an abrasive medium at a specified force.
1.2 Within certain limitations, as described in this document, this test method is applicable for materials including, but not limited to: printed or coated polyester, polycarbonate, and silicone rubber. The samples can be either flat or contoured.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method describes the procedure for subjecting inks or coatings on membrane switches to an abrasive medium at a specified force.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in November 2017 and replaced by Test Method F3152 for Determining Abrasion Resistance of Inks and Coatings on Substrates Using Dry or Wet Abrasive Medium.2

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ASTM
ASTM F2114-02(Guide)
Standard Guide for ASTM Standard Test Methods, Standard Practices, and Typical Values of a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2009)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
In establishing guidelines for specifying a membrane switch, it is important to allow application design engineers to base their decisions on requirements using known reasonable, achievable performance levels.
Over-specification increases cost and complexity; under-specification risks not meeting performance criteria.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide contains a list of the current test methods and practices generated by Subcommittee F01.18 on Membrane Switches along with typical values for specifying certain performance characteristics of a membrane switch.
1.2 As a minimum, for any particular membrane switch, the values for the required characteristics should be specified.
1.3 Additional performance characteristics may be required and should be specified accordingly.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide contains a list of the current test methods and practices generated by Subcommittee F01.18 on Membrane Switches along with typical values for specifying certain performance characteristics of a membrane switch.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics and Subcommittee F01.18 on Membrane Switches, this guide was withdrawn in June 2009 because typical values have been and are being added to the individual test methods and value ranges are much more diverse than when published so typical values have become less relevant to today's industry.

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SIST
SIST EN 196200:2005(Main)
Sectional specification: Lever switches including Blank Detail Specifications EN 196201 and En 1962202
EN 196200

D114/004: Withdrawn * Standstill released

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ASTM
ASTM F1570-01e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Tactile Ratio of a Membrane Switch (Withdrawn 2007)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tactile response of a membrane switch as defined by tactile ratio.
1.2  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the determination of the tactile response of a membrane switch as defined by tactile ratio.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics and F01.18 on Membrane Switches, this test method was withdrawn in June 2007 in accordance with section 10.6.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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IEC
CISPR 16-1:1999(Main)
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus

Specifies the characteristics and performance of equipment for the measurement of radio disturbance voltages, currents and fields in the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz. In addition, requirements are specified for specialized equipment for discontinuous disturbance measurements. The requirements include the measurement of broadband and narrowband types of radio disturbance. Replaces the first edition published in 1993, amendment 1 (1997) as well as consolidated edition 1.1 (1998).

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