CEN/TC 256/SC 1/WG 17 - Fastening systems

This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for finding the effect of exposure to severe environmental conditions on the fastening system.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly including embedded rail with mechanical fastenings. It is not applicable to embedded rail systems relying on adhesive components to secure the rail.

This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for determining the electrical resistance, in wet conditions, between the running rails provided by a fastening system fitted to a steel or concrete sleeper, bearer or element of ballastless track.
It is also applicable to embedded rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly. It is relevant to signalling currents, not to traction currents.
A reference procedure and an alternative procedure are included.

This document specifies laboratory test procedures to determine the static and low-frequency dynamic stiffness of rail pads, baseplate pads and complete rail fastening assemblies.

This document specifies the terms and definitions used in the ISO 22074 series of standards related to rail fastening systems.
NOTE In this document, there are some entries where more than one term is listed in the header (e.g. sleeper, tie, cross tie in 3.2.3). In such cases, the first term is the preferred term, generally used in the ISO 22074 series of standards. The other terms are also in common use in the railway industry and are considered to be synonymous (admitted terms).

This document specifies the laboratory test procedure for determining the clamping force exerted by the fastening system on the foot of the rail by measuring the force to separate the rail foot from its immediate support. When required, the procedure is also used to determine the uplift stiffness of the fastening system.
It is applicable to systems with and without baseplates on all types of sleepers, bearers or elements of ballastless track. The test does not determine the security of the fastening components fixed into the sleeper or other fastening system support.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly. It is not applicable to fastening systems for embedded rail or other fastening systems which do not act on the foot of the rail.

This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated load cycles which generate displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long-term performance of rail fastening systems.
This document is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track and embedded rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.

This document specifies a test procedure to confirm that the force necessary to pull the anchorage of a rail fastening assembly out of the sleeper or other supporting element is greater than a prescribed value (i.e. it is a "proof load" test).
This test is for components of the fastening system which are:
a)   cast into concrete during the manufacture of sleepers or other supporting elements;
b)   glued into the cast or drilled holes in concrete; or
c)   screwed or otherwise attached to wood, polymeric composite or steel sleepers or other supporting elements.
This test is not applicable to embedded rails.

This document specifies the laboratory test procedure to determine:
a)   the maximum longitudinal force that can be applied to a rail, secured to a sleeper, bearer or element of ballastless track by a rail fastening assembly, without non-elastic displacement of the rail occurring, or the longitudinal stiffness at a specified longitudinal displacement of a specimen of embedded rail with an adhesive fastening system, and for any type of fastening;
b)   the shear displacement and slip data required for track-bridge interaction calculations.

This document is applicable to fastening systems in Categories A - E as specified in EN 13481-1:2012, 3.1 for use in switches and crossings (S&C). It also provides guidance on evaluating fastening systems for check rails, expansion devices and insulated rail joints whether in switches and crossings or in plain line. The document applies to five categories of fastenings used in tracks with respective maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii as shown in Table 1.
[Table 1 - Fastening category criteria]
NOTE 1   The maximum axle load for Categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
NOTE 2   The minimum curve radius is not applicable to applications in switches and crossings.
The requirements apply to fastening systems for rail sections included in the EN 13674 series of standards (excluding 49E4).
This document is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections or rigid fastening systems used on running rails.
This document is for type approval of complete fastening systems.

This document is applicable to fastening systems, in Categories A - D as specified in EN 13481-1:2012, 3.1 for attaching rails to the uppermost surface of concrete or steel elements in ballastless tracks, including tracks on open deck bridges, and for embedded rails in ballastless tracks, for maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1.
[Table 1 - Fastening category criteria]
NOTE   The maximum axle load for Categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-   fastening systems for rail sections included in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4), or EN 13674-4.
This document is not applicable to fastening systems for wood or polymer composite sleepers used in ballastless track, which are included in EN 13481-3.
This document is not applicable to rigid fastening systems, special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints or special low clamping force fastenings used to mitigate track-bridge interaction effects.
This document is for type approval of complete fastening systems. In track forms in which there are rail seat blocks or sleepers mounted in "boots" (under-sleeper pads) the concrete element and its resilient support are considered to be parts of the elastic fastening system. If the track form includes floating slabs, (i.e. resiliently supported concrete elements with more than one fastening per rail) those concrete elements and their resilient supports are considered to be parts of the ballastless track and not of the fastening system.

This document is applicable to fastening systems, in Categories A - E as specified in EN 13481-1:2012, 3.1, for use on rectilinear steel sleepers in ballasted track with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1.
[Table 1 - Fastening category criteria]
NOTE   The maximum axle load for Categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-    fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-    fastening systems for rail sections included in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) or EN 13674-4.
This document is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems, special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints or special low clamping force fastenings used to mitigate track-bridge interaction effects.
This document is for type approval of complete fastening systems.

This document is applicable to fastening systems in Categories A - E as specified in EN 13481-1:2012, 3.1 for use on concrete sleepers in ballasted track with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii as shown in Table 1.
[Table 1 - Fastening category criteria]
NOTE   The maximum axle load for Categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-   fastening systems for rail sections included in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) or EN 13674-4.
This document is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints.
This document is for the type approval of complete fastening systems.

This document is applicable to fastening systems, in Categories A - E as specified in EN 13481-1:2012, 3.1 for use on wood or polymeric composite sleepers in ballasted or ballastless track, including track on open deck bridges, with respective maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii as shown in Table 1.
[Table 1 - Fastening category criteria]
NOTE   The maximum axle load for Categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems that act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-   fastening systems for rail sections included in EN 13674-1:2011+A1:2017 (excluding 49E4) or EN 13674-4:2019.
This document is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems, special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints or special low clamping force fastenings used to mitigate track-bridge interaction effects.
This document is for type approval of complete fastening systems.

This document is applicable to fastening systems used with grooved rails for tram, urban rail and industrial tracks, with maximum design axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1.
This document is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.
Table 1
The requirements apply to fastening systems for the grooved rail profiles in EN 14811 which act on the foot and/or web of the rail.
This document is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints or in switches and crossings for grooved rails.
NOTE   Requirements for fastenings for use with Vignole rails are included in the EN 13481 series of standards.

This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long term performance of fastening systems.
The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.

This document specifies laboratory test procedures to determine the static and dynamic stiffness of rail pads, baseplate pads and complete rail fastening assemblies.

This document specifies the laboratory test procedure to determine:
a) the maximum longitudinal force that can be applied to a rail, secured to a sleeper, bearer or element of slab track by a rail fastening assembly, without non-elastic displacement of the rail occurring, or the longitudinal stiffness at a specified longitudinal displacement of a specimen of embedded rail with an adhesive fastening system, and, for any type of fastening,
b) the shear displacement and slip data required for track-bridge interaction calculations.

This document specifies the laboratory test procedure for determining the clamping force exerted by the fastening system on the foot of the rail by measuring the force to separate the rail foot from its immediate support. When required, the procedure is also used to determine the uplift stiffness of the fastening system. It is applicable to systems with and without baseplates on all types of sleepers, bearers or elements of slab track. The test does not determine the security of the fastening components fixed into the sleeper or other fastening system support.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly. It is not applicable to fastening systems for embedded rail or other fastening systems that do not act on the foot of the rail.

This document presents the technical basis for the loading conditions (the load magnitude, the load angle and the position of load application) to be used when performing the repeated load tests described by EN 13146-4. This basis consists of measurements made in-track, theoretical analysis and experience of using the previous versions of the EN 13481 series. Statistical variations in the applied loads and their influence on safety factors are also considered.

This European Standard specifies a test procedure to confirm that the force necessary to pull the anchorage of a rail fastening assembly out of the sleeper or other supporting element is greater than a prescribed value (i.e. it is a 'proof load' test).
This test is for components of the fastening system which are:
a)   cast into concrete during the manufacture of sleepers or other supporting elements;
b)   glued into the cast or drilled holes in concrete; or
c)   screwed or otherwise attached to wood, plastic or steel sleepers or other supporting elements.
This test is not applicable to embedded rails.

This European Standard specifies the definitions of the terms used in the EN 13146 series and in the EN 13481 series.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure to determine the moment necessary to rotate a rail, secured to a sleeper by a rail fastening assembly, through 1° in a plane parallel to the base of the rail. The value obtained can be used in track stability calculations.
The test is not applicable to embedded rails.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure for finding the effect of exposure to severe environmental conditions on the fastening system.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly including embedded rail with mechanical fastenings. It is not applicable to embedded rail systems relying on adhesive components to secure the rail.

This European Standard specifies laboratory test procedures for applying an impact to a rail fastened to a concrete sleeper or bearer which simulates the impact loading caused by traffic on railway tracks and measuring the strain induced in the sleeper. They are used for comparing the attenuation of impact loads on concrete sleepers or bearers by different rail pads. A reference procedure and alternative procedure are included.
This test is only applicable to ballasted track.
These test procedures apply to a complete fastening assembly.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure for determining the electrical resistance, in wet conditions, between the running rails provided by a fastening system fitted to a steel or concrete sleeper, bearer or element of slab track.
It is also applicable to embedded rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly. It is relevant to signalling currents, not to traction currents.
A reference procedure and an alternative procedure are included.

The same as for EN 13146-1:2012.

The same as for EN 13146-4:2012.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems, in categories A - E (see EN 13481 1:2012, 3.1), for use on concrete sleepers in ballasted track with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 - Fastening category criteria Category Maximum design axle load kN Minimum curve radius m A 130 40 B 180 80 C 260 150 D 260 400 E 350 150 NOTE The maximum axle load for categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles. The requirements apply to: - fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems; - fastening systems for the rail sections in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49 E4) and EN 13674-4+A1. This standard is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints. This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.

This European Standard specifies laboratory test procedures to determine the static and dynamic stiffness of rail pads, baseplate pads and complete rail fastening assemblies. The procedures for dynamic stiffness cover low and high frequencies.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems, in categories A - D as specified in EN 13481 1:2012, 3.1, for attaching rails to the uppermost surface of concrete or asphalt slabs and for embedded rails in non-ballasted tracks, with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 - Fastening category criteria Category Maximum design axle load Minimum curve radius kN m A 130 40 B 180 80 C 260 150 D 260 400 NOTE The maximum axle load for categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles. The requirements apply to: a) fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and systems which incorporate a baseplate; b) fastening systems which incorporate concrete elements and which each have not more than one supporting element per rail, including booted concrete blocks and sleepers complete with boots; c) adhesive and mechanical fastening systems for embedded rail but excluding rail cast into road pavements. In the case of (b), the concrete element is considered to be part of the fastening system. If the system includes concrete elements which each have more than one supporting location per rail, those concrete elements are considered to be part of the slab and not part of the fastening system. This standard is only applicable to fastening systems for rail sections in EN 13674-1 (except 49E4) and EN 13674-4+A1; it is not applicable to special fastening systems for use at bolted joints or glued joints. This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.

This European Standard specifies a procedure for the comparative testing of fastening systems in track. The test procedure is applicable to fastening systems which in all other respects conform to prEN 13481 2:2010, prEN 13481 3:2010, prEN 13481 4:2010, prEN 13481 5:2010 and prEN 13481 7:2010.
This test applies to complete fastening assemblies.
It is only used for comparative testing of such fastening systems installed at the same time on the type of support for which they are intended.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems in Categories A - D as specified in EN 13481 1:2012, 3.1, for attaching rails to the uppermost surface of concrete or asphalt slabs and for embedded rails in non-ballasted tracks with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 - Fastening category criteria
Category
   Maximum design axle load
kN   Minimum curve radius
m
A   130   40
B   180   80
C   260   150
D   260   400
NOTE   The maximum axle load for Categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-   adhesive and mechanical fastening systems for embedded rail, but excluding rail cast into road pavements.
In track forms in which there are resiliently supported concrete elements with only one supporting element per rail (e.g. rail seat blocks or sleepers mounted in elastomeric - "boots") the concrete element and its resilient support are considered to be parts of the elastic fastening system. If the track form includes resiliently supported concrete elements with more than one supporting element per rail (e.g. floating slabs) those concrete elements and their resilient supports are considered to be parts of the slab and not of the fastening system.
This standard is only applicable to fastening systems for rail sections in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) or EN 13674 4. It is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints.
This standard should only be used for type approval of complete fastening systems.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems in Categories A - E as specified in EN 13481 1:2012, 3.1, for use on concrete sleepers in ballasted track with maximum axle loads, and minimum curve radii as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 - Fastening category criteria
Category
   Maximum design axle load
kN   Minimum curve radius
m
A   130   40
B   180   80
C   260   150
D   260   400
E   350   150
NOTE   The maximum axle load for Categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-   fastening systems with dynamic stiffness, kLFA, not less than 50 MN/m;
-   fastening systems for rail sections included in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) or EN 13674-4.
This standard is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints.
This standard should only be used for type approval of complete fastening systems.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems, in categories A - C and E as specified in EN 13481 1:2012, 3.1, for use on rectilinear steel sleepers in ballasted track with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 - Fastening category criteria
Category   Maximum design axle load
kN   Minimum curve radius
m
A   130   40
B   180   80
C   260   150
E   350   150
NOTE   The maximum axle load for categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-   fastening systems for the rail sections in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) and EN 13674-4.
This standard is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints.
This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems, in categories A - C and E as specified in EN 13481 1:2012, 3.1, for use on wood sleepers in ballasted track with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 - Fastening category criteria
Category   Maximum design axle load
kN   Minimum curve radius
m
A   130   40
B   180   80
C   260   150
E   350   150
NOTE   The maximum axle load for categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-   fastening systems for the rail sections in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) and EN 13674-4+A1.
This standard is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints.
This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.

This European Standard specifies performance requirements for special fastening systems, in categories A - E as specified in EN 13481-1:2012, 3.1, for switches and crossings and check rails. These types of rails are those which are secured within the overall fastening system (not independently fixed to the bearers) on wood, concrete and steel bearers, in ballasted track and on slab track, and which have maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in divergent track in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 - Fastening category criteria
Category   Maximum design axle load   Minimum curve radius
   kN   m
A   130   40
B   180   80
C   260   150
D   260   400
E   350   150
NOTE   The maximum axle load for categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to fastening systems which incorporate a resilient element and act on the foot and/or web of the rail and which are intended for use with stock rail sections described in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) and EN 13674-4+A1.
This standard is not applicable to rigid fastening systems.
This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only. Requirements for quality control are included in the standards applicable to individual components.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long term performance of direct fastening systems.
The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.

This European Standard specifies laboratory test procedures to determine the static and dynamic stiffness of rail pads, baseplate pads and complete rail fastening assemblies. The procedures for dynamic stiffness cover low and high frequencies.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure to determine:
a)   the maximum longitudinal force that can be applied to a rail, secured to a sleeper, bearer or element of slab track by a rail fastening assembly, without non-elastic displacement of the rail occurring, or
b)   the longitudinal stiffness at a specified longitudinal displacement of a specimen of embedded rail with an adhesive fastening system.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure for determining the clamping force exerted by the fastening system on the foot of a rail by measuring the force to separate the rail foot from its immediate support. It is applicable to systems with and without baseplates on all types of sleepers, bearers and elements of slab track. The test does not determine the security of fastening components fixed into the sleeper or other fastening system support.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly. It is not applicable to fastening systems for embedded rail.

CCMC - Correction in Table ZA.1 (wrong year for a reference mentioned in the table); concerns the English and German versions. No xml version as the mother version EN 13481-2:2012 is not available as xml.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems, in categories A - D as specified in EN 13481 1:2012, 3.1, for attaching rails to the uppermost surface of concrete or asphalt slabs and for embedded rails in non-ballasted tracks, with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 - Fastening category criteria
Category   Maximum design axle load   Minimum curve radius
   kN   m
A   130   40
B   180   80
C   260   150
D   260   400
NOTE   The maximum axle load for categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
a)   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems  and systems which incorporate a baseplate;
b)   fastening systems which incorporate concrete elements and which each have not more than one supporting element per rail, including booted concrete blocks and sleepers complete with boots;
c)   adhesive and mechanical fastening systems for embedded rail but excluding rail cast into road pavements.
In the case of (b), the concrete element is considered to be part of the fastening system. If the system includes concrete elements which each have more than one supporting location per rail, those concrete elements are considered to be part of the slab and not part of the fastening system.
This standard is only applicable to fastening systems for rail sections in EN 13674-1 (except 49E4) and EN 13674-4+A1; it is not applicable to special fastening systems for use at bolted joints or glued joints.
This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems, in categories A - E (see EN 13481 1:2012, 3.1), for use on concrete sleepers in ballasted track with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 - Fastening category criteria
Category   Maximum design axle load
kN   Minimum curve radius
m
A   130   40
B   180   80
C   260   150
D   260   400
E   350   150
NOTE   The maximum axle load for categories A and B does not apply to maintenance vehicles.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems;
-   fastening systems for the rail sections in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49 E4) and EN 13674-4+A1.
This standard is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints.
This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure to determine:
a)   the maximum longitudinal force that can be applied to a rail, secured to a sleeper, bearer or element of slab track by a rail fastening assembly, without non-elastic displacement of the rail occurring, or
b)   the longitudinal stiffness at a specified longitudinal displacement of a specimen of embedded rail with an adhesive fastening system.

This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long term performance of direct fastening systems.
The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.

This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems for use on concrete, wood and steel sleepers in main line ballasted track having a radius of curvature greater than 80 m and subject to a maximum design axle load of 350 kN.
The requirements apply to:
¾   direct fastening systems and systems which incorporate a baseplate;
¾   fastening systems for the rail sections in EN 13674-1 and EN 13674-4.
This European Standard is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints.
This European Standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.

AFNOR/DIN - Many editorial modifications in French and German versions

This European Prestandard specifies requirements for the performance of fastening systems for attaching rails to sleepers or longitudinal bearers or in non-ballasted track to the uppermost surface of concrete or asphalt slabs. It applies to track with a minimum curve radius greater than 40 m and subject to a maximum design axle load of 260 kN. It does not apply to embedded rails.
The requirements apply to direct fastening systems and systems which incorporate a baseplate. They are not applicable to systems which incorporate concrete elements or other high mass elements nor to special fastening systems used at bolted rail joints.
This European Prestandard is for type approval only.