CEN/TC 225 - AIDC technologies

ISO/IEC 15421:2010 specifies the requirements and test methods for physical and related attributes of a bar code master. It covers all forms of bar code master, irrespective of the mode of origination of the initial image, intended for reproduction by conventional printing processes. ISO/IEC 15421:2010 does not cover processes in which there is no master, such as computer to plate (CTP).

The RFID tag location, tag data content and functional requirements have been developed for application on the main line railway networks. Other networks (such as metro) could apply to this document but are outside of its scope.
This document contains:
-   description of the RFID tag installation location;
-   description of the RFID tag data content;
-   description of the functional requirements in relation to the RFID tag track side reading performance.

This document specifies requirements for labels to be used on distribution units (boxes, cartons, bags, etc.), and logistic units (pallets, cages, trolleys, etc.) for fishery and aquaculture products, ensuring uniform labels with human readable text and bar codes using a common data set, thereby fulfilling EU regulations and facilitating traceability.
NOTE   Other labelling systems could also address European regulatory requirements.
This document does not address the exchange of any information by means other than the use of labels
The technologies referred to in this document are examples of methods that are suitable to provide product traceability.
This document does not cover requirements on the labelling or marking of consumer packaging but aims to ensure that the necessary information for consumer packaging labelling or marking is available through the supply chain.

This document defines a concept for building data structures (including data elements, syntax and semantics) for type plates with a RFID transponder (including HF, UHF, NFC), 2D symbol (including DataMatrix, QR-Code) and human readable text in a consistent way.
This document also defines a minimum set of consistent data that are needed on the data carriers when multiple data carrier techniques are used on the same item.
This document also gives guidance for creating specific applications standards, to support interoperability and backward compatibility.
The processes related to the usage of type plates are not in scope of this document.

This European Standard:
-   specifies the general requirements for the design of transport labels containing linear bar code and two-dimensional symbols for use by a wide range of industries;
-   provides for traceability of transported units via a unique transport unit identifier code or 'licence plate', and supplemented where necessary by other identified data presented both in bar code and human readable form;
-   provides a choice of linear bar code and two-dimensional symbologies;
-   specifies quality requirements, classes of bar code density;
-   provides recommendations as to label material, size and the inclusion of free text and any appropriate graphics.
This European Standard draws considerably on the content of ISO 15394:2009. As such, common material will not be repeated here but detailed references will be provided to that standard. However, this European Standard:
-   defines some features in a more precise manner for use in the European context;
-   provides additional advice possible since the publication of ISO 15394:2009.
This European Standard can be used as the single source, sufficient for an overview and to enable information flows to be incorporated into business systems. ISO 15394 is more relevant to those who are undertaking detailed label design, particularly compliant label generating software.

1.1   General
The scope of this EN is to define the requirements for a Common European Notification Signage system to be used by operators of RFID application systems deployed within the EU Member States.
1.2   Objective
The objective of this EN is to provide enterprises, both large and small, with a common and accessible framework for the design and display of RFID notification signs.
In addition to the information placed on the sign, the framework includes the information policy - needed to answer enquiries received from individuals accessing the contact point noted on the sign itself. This minimizes the volume of information written on the sign.
This European Standard defines:
a)   the details of data and graphics that shall be included on the signage;
b)   the presentational requirements for the signage, taking account of the need;
1)   to provide a practical solution given constraints on print technique and print area;
2)   for a consistent common and recognisable signage;
c)   means to support accessibility;
d)   the structure and content of an information policy to meet the informational needs of individuals with respect to RFID privacy.
1.3   Applicability
This EN provides an application-agnostic framework which may be used by all enterprises operating RFID applications in the European Union.

This European Standard has been prepared as part of the EU RFID Mandate M/436. It is based on the Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment Framework for RFID Applications, which was developed by industry, in collaboration with the civil society, endorsed by Article 29, Data Protection Working Party, and signed by all key stakeholders, including the European Commission, in 2011.
It defines aspects of that framework as normative or informative procedures to enable a common European method for undertaking an RFID PIA.
It provides a standardized set of procedures for developing PIA templates, including tools compatible with the RFID PIA methodology.
In addition, it identifies the conditions that require an existing PIA to be revised, amended, or replaced by a new assessment process.

This European Standard specifies the design and use of the RFID Emblem: an easily identified visual guide that indicates the presence of radio frequency identification (RFID). It does not address location of the RFID Emblem on a label. Specific placement requirements are left to application standards developers.
It also specifies an RFID Index, which can be included in the RFID Emblem and which addresses the complication added by the wide range of RFID tags (frequency, protocol and data structure). The RFID Index is a two-character code that provides specific information about compliant tags and interrogators. Successful reading of RFID tags requires knowledge of the frequency, protocol and data structure information provided by the RFID Index.

This Technical Report is to assist operators of applications in areas where radio frequency interrogators are deployed, to identify the types of information that are called for in the recommendation.
The Technical Report provides all the current information to assist operators to develop and publish a concise accurate and easy to understand information policy for each of their applications.
The policy should at least include:
—   the identity and address of the operators;
—   the purpose of the application;
—   what data are to be processed by the application, in particular if personal data will be processed, and whether the location of tags will be monitored;
—   a summary of the privacy and data protection impact assessment;
—   the likely privacy risks, if any, relating to the use of tags in the application and the measures that individuals can take to mitigate these risks.

The scope of this Technical Report (TR) is to identify methodologies that are used for, or have been considered applicable to, wireless technologies. These methodologies are analyzed to identify features that are applicable to RFID.
Based on the Industry RFID PIA Framework endorsed by the Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, the Technical Report focuses on proposing risk analysis methodologies suitable for the data capture area of an RFID system. This includes the RFID tag, the interrogator, the air interface protocol used for communication between them, and the communication from the interrogator to the application.
The Technical Report also proposes risk management features based on the inherent capabilities of a number of RFID technologies that conform to standardized RFID air interface protocols. This should provide enough information to enable the proposed privacy control features to be applied to other RFID technologies including those with proprietary air interface protocols and tag architectures. The risk management features exclude fundamental privacy by design features because these should be the subject of revisions and enhancements to technology standards. The risk management features defined in this Technical Report are considered applicable to current and future implementations of RFID based on existing technology. As such, this Technical Report is considered as input into a standard procedure for undertaking an RFID Privacy Impact Assessment.

This Technical Specification defines:
—   the details of data and graphics that shall be included on the signage;
—   the presentational requirements for the signage, taking account of the need:
—   to provide a practical solution given constraints on print technique and print area;
—   for a consistent common and recognizable signage;
—   means to support accessibility;
—   the structure and content of an information policy to meet the informational needs of individuals with respect to RFID privacy.

The scope of this Technical Report is to explore developments in the use of mobile phones as RFID interrogators. It uses as a datum the communication protocols developed for near field communication, which have a defined level of security. This Technical Report will explore known developments in the use of mobile phones as RFID interrogators including (but not limited to):
—   extending NFC phone capabilities to read RFID tags compliant with ISO/IEC 15693 and ISO/IEC 18000-3 Mode 1;
—   using mobile phones as interrogators for UHF tags based on ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type C;
—   the development of multi-protocol readers capable of switching between high frequency and UHF.
The objective of the Technical Report is to identify specific characteristics associated with mobile phones being used as interrogators with tags that are primarily intended for other purposes. It will identify some potential threats associated with the technology. It will also identify gaps in the standardization process that might need to be addressed to mitigate against such threats.
To counterbalance any negative implications, the Technical Report also identifies real and potential applications that could lead to an accelerated take-up of RFID and the Internet of Things through mobile phones being used as RFID interrogators by individual citizens and organizations.

The scope of the Technical Report is to consider the threats and vulnerabilities associated with specific characteristics of RFID technology in a system comprising:
—   the air interface protocol covering all the common frequencies;
—   the tag including model variants within a technology;
—   the interrogator features for processing the air interface;
—   the interrogator interface to the application.
The Technical Report addresses specific RFID technologies as defined by their air interface specifications. The threats, vulnerabilities, and mitigating methods are presented as a toolkit, enabling the specific characteristics of the RFID technology being used in an application to be taken into consideration. While the focus is on specifications that are standardized, the feature analysis can also be applied to proprietary RFID technologies. This should be possible because some features are common to more than one standardized technology, and it should be possible to map these to proprietary technologies.
Although this Technical Report may be used by any operator, even for a small system, the technical details are better considered by others. In particular the document should be a tool used by RFID system integrators, to improve security aspects using a privacy by design approach. As such it is also highly relevant to operators that are not SME’s, and to industry bodies representing SME members.
Although this Technical Report may be used by any operator, even for a small system, the technical details are better considered by others. In particular the document should be a tool used by RFID system integrators, to improve security aspects using a privacy by design approach. As such it is also highly relevant to operators that are not SME’s, and to industry bodies representing SME members.

The scope of this Technical Report is to use the RFID PIA Framework as the basis for exploring issues with four major sectors involved with RFID:
—   libraries;
—   retail;
—   e-Ticketing, toll roads, fee collection, events management;
—   banking and financial services.
After specific sector research and consolidation of the results of industry workshops and seminars that take place in several EU Member States, this Technical Report will identify the characteristics that need to be taken into consideration by operators of RFID systems in the example sectors. In addition it will provide advice to operators in the sector on significant variants both in terms of technology and application data. This will enable the appropriate risk factors to be taken into account.
Based on the synthesis of the applications in the chosen sectors, this Technical Report will also identify a set of factors relevant to specific RFID technologies and features that will need to be taken into account in preparing a Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment for many RFID applications.

The scope of this Technical Report is to assess the need to develop a Technical Specification to define an interface that provides RFID system control components with low-level access to RFID interrogators for the purpose of optimising RFID data access and control operations.

The scope of the Technical Report is to identify technical characteristics of particular RFID air interface protocols that need to be taken into consideration by operators of RFID systems in undertaking their privacy impact assessment. It also provides information for those operators who provide RFID-tagged items that are likely to be read by customers or other organisations.
This Technical Report provides detailed privacy and security characteristics that apply to products that are compliant with specific air interface protocols, and also to variant models that comply with such standards.
The Technical Report also identifies proprietary privacy and security features which have been added to tags, which are problematic of being implemented in open systems which depend on interoperability between different devices. Such proprietary solutions, whilst being technically sound, in fact impede interoperability. The gap analysis thus identified can be used to encourage greater standardization.

ISO/IEC 19762-1:2008 provides general terms and definitions in the area of automatic identification and data capture techniques on which are based further specialized sections in various technical fields, as well as the essential terms to be used by non-specialist users in communication with specialists in automatic identification and data capture techniques.

ISO/IEC 19762-3:2008 provides terms and definitions unique to radio frequency identification (RFID) in the area of automatic identification and data capture techniques. This glossary of terms enables the communication between non-specialist users and specialists in RFID through a common understanding of basic and advanced concepts.

This part of ISO/IEC 15426 defines test methods and minimum accuracy criteria applicable to verifiers using the methodologies of ISO/IEC 15415 for multi-row bar code symbols and two-dimensional matrix symbologies, and specifies reference calibration standards against which these should be tested. This part of ISO/IEC 15426 provides for testing of representative samples of the equipment.

ISO/IEC 15423:2009 defines the test equipment and procedures to be used to determine the performance of bar code scanning and decoding equipment. It deals with bar code scanning and decoding equipment both as integrated reading systems and as discrete units. It defines performance of the equipment in a particular configuration (e.g. a specific model) irrespective of the individual components used. It also defines in a normative annex operational parameters for the test equipment, and describes, in an informative annex, a means of classifying scanners.

ISO/IEC 15419:2009 describes the characteristics and defines categories of bar code digital imaging systems, identifies the attributes of each system which are required to be controlled, and specifies minimum requirements for those attributes. It defines test methods for assessing the conformance of those attributes with ISO/IEC 15419:2009. It is intended to be used in conjunction with International Standards which detail the methodology for assessing the quality of a bar code symbol, such as ISO/IEC 15416. ISO/IEC 15419:2009 does not apply to Bar Code Masters, which are covered by ISO/IEC 15421.

The technology of bar coding is based on the recognition of patterns of bars and spaces of defined dimensions. There are various methods of encoding information in bar code form, known as symbologies, and the rules defining the translation of characters into bars and space patterns and other essential features are known as the symbology specification.
ISO/IEC 15438:2006 specifies the requirements for the bar code symbology known as PDF417. It specifies PDF417 symbology characteristics, data character encodation, symbol formats, dimensions, error correction rules, reference decoding algorithm, and a number of application parameters.

ISO/IEC 15426-2:2005 defines test methods and minimum accuracy criteria applicable to verifiers using the methodologies of ISO/IEC 15415 for multi-row bar code symbols and two-dimensional matrix symbologies, and specifies reference calibration standards against which these should be tested. It provides for testing of representative samples of the equipment.
ISO/IEC 15426-2:2005 is intended to be similar in technical content (mutatis mutandis) to the linear bar code verifier conformance standard, ISO/IEC 15426-1, on which it has been based. It is to be read in conjunction with the symbology specification applicable to the bar code symbol being tested, which provides symbology-specific detail necessary for its application.

This document:
-   specifies the requirements for the multi row bar code symbology known as "Code 16K";
-   specifies "Code 16K" symbology characteristics, data character encodation, dimensions, tolerances, decoding algorithms and user-defined application parameters;
-   describes a subset of "Code 16K" assigned to EAN International.

This document specifies the requirements for labels containing human readable and bar coded information for fixing to steel products for the purpose of despatch, transport, and reception in accordance with the requirements of ISO 15394. Data elements are specified together with their status, location on the label, the appropriate data identifier and choice of bar code symbology.

This document specifies the operational aspects affecting the reading of bar code symbols which must be considered in the preparation of application standards.  It defines the subjects which must be addressed by application standards if they are to provide practical guidance to the user industries for whose use they are developed.

This European Standard defines a number of technical and other terms applicable to bar code technology, which are used in the standards produced by CEN TC225 and may be encountered elsewhere in bar coding standards produced by other organizations. Definitions given are in the context of bar coding and the terms so defined may customarily have a wider meaning than that shown in this Standard. Translations of the terms defined into the two other official languages of CEN are also shown to facilitate cross-reference.

This standard - specifies the format for bar code symbology specifications; - specifies the characteristics of the symbology which need to be defined. The standard is applicable as the basis for European standards for bar code symbologies.

This European Standard:
·   specifies the general requirements for the design of transport labels containing linear bar code and two-dimensional symbols for use by a wide range of industries;
·   provides for traceability of transported units via a unique transport unit identifier code or 'licence plate', and supplemented where necessary by other identified data presented both in bar code and human readable form;
·   provides a choice of linear bar code and two-dimensional symbologies;
·   specifies quality requirements, classes of bar code density;
·   provides recommendations as to label material, size and the inclusion of free text and any appropriate graphics.
This European Standard draws considerably on the content of ISO 15394:2000.  As such, common material will not be repeated here but detailed references will be provided to that standard.  However, this European Standard:
·   Defines some features in a more precise manner for use in the European context.
·   Provides additional advice possible since the publication of ISO 15394:2000.
This European Standard can be used as the single source, sufficient for an overview and to enable information flows to be incorporated into business systems.  ISO 15394 is more relevant to those who are undertaking detailed label design, particularly compliant label generating software.

This part of ISO/IEC 15415 - specifies two  methodologies for the measurement of  specific attributes of two-dimensional bar  code symbols, one of these being  applicable to multi-row bar code  symbologies and the other to  twodimensional matrix symbologies; -  defines methods for evaluating and grading  these measurements and deriving an overall  assessment of symbol quality; - gives  information on possible causes of deviation  from optimum grades to assist users in  taking appropriate corrective action. This  International Standard applies to those two- dimensional symbologies for which a  reference decode algorithm has been  defined, but its methodologies can be  applied partially or wholly to other similar  symbologies.

ISO/IEC 15415:2004(E) specifies two methodologies for the measurement of specific attributes of two-dimensional bar code symbols, one of these being applicable to multi-row bar code symbologies and the other to two-dimensional matrix symbologies; defines methods for evaluating and grading these measurements and deriving an overall assessment of symbol quality; and gives information on possible causes of deviation from optimum grades to assist users in taking appropriate corrective action.
ISO/IEC 15415:2004(E) applies to those two-dimensional symbologies for which a reference decode algorithm has been defined, but its methodologies can be applied partially or wholly to other similar symbologies.

This European Standard specifies the general requirements for the design of bar coded transport labels for use by a wide range of industries. It provides for traceability of transported units by automatic access via a 'license plate' printed in bar code and supplemented where necessary by other identified data presented both in bar code and human readable form.

UAP failed - ISO created a new item for the revision of ISO/IEC 15423-1:2001 (including -2) --> proposal to TC Secretary to register WI 047 under VA/ISO for parallel procedure with this new project (ISO/IEC AWI 15423)  (waiting for confirmation) (NT/2002-04-05) --> Agreement from TC Sec received on 02-07-03 - MIDAS updated (NT/020704).
This project should not go through a parallel procedure under VA bcs no agreement between CEN and ISO/JTC1 --> withdrawn from VA (NT/021219).

This European Prestandard defines the test equipment and procedures to be used to determine the performance of bar code scanning and decoding equipment. It defines requirements in respect of linear scanning techniques. It deals with bar code scanning and decoding equipment both as integrated reading systems and as discrete units. It also defines in an annex electrical and laser safety requirements and requirements for protection from electromagnetic interferences caused or suffered by the equipment.

This European Standard specifies the requirements for the multi row bar code symbology known as "Code 16K"; specifies "Code 16K" symbology characteristics, data character encodation, dimensions, tolerances, decoding algorithms and user-defined application parameters; describes a subset of "Code 16K" assigned to EAN International.

This prestandard - specifies the operational aspects affecting the reading of bar code symbols which must be considered in the preparation of application standards, - specifies the subjects which must be addressed by application standards if they are to provide practical guidance to the user industries for whose use they are developed.

This European prestandard specifies the requirements for labels containing human readable and bar coded information for fixing to steel products for the purpose of dispatch, transport and reception. It provides for two formats of label, that is, a large and samll label the application of which depends on the type, size and shape of the steel product. Data areas are defined and the associated information specified both as to content and characters to be used and where expressed in bar code the bar code identifiers and symbology are specified.