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CEN/TR 16671:2014

(Main)

Information technology - Authorization of mobile phones when used as RFID interrogators

Information technology - Authorization of mobile phones when used as RFID interrogators

The scope of this Technical Report is to explore developments in the use of mobile phones as RFID interrogators. It uses as a datum the communication protocols developed for near field communication, which have a defined level of security. This Technical Report will explore known developments in the use of mobile phones as RFID interrogators including (but not limited to):
—   extending NFC phone capabilities to read RFID tags compliant with ISO/IEC 15693 and ISO/IEC 18000-3 Mode 1;
—   using mobile phones as interrogators for UHF tags based on ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type C;
—   the development of multi-protocol readers capable of switching between high frequency and UHF.
The objective of the Technical Report is to identify specific characteristics associated with mobile phones being used as interrogators with tags that are primarily intended for other purposes. It will identify some potential threats associated with the technology. It will also identify gaps in the standardization process that might need to be addressed to mitigate against such threats.
To counterbalance any negative implications, the Technical Report also identifies real and potential applications that could lead to an accelerated take-up of RFID and the Internet of Things through mobile phones being used as RFID interrogators by individual citizens and organizations.

Informationstechnik - Autorisierung von Mobilfunkgeräten als RFID-Lesegeräte

Technologies de l’information - Autorisation des téléphones mobiles utilisés comme lecteurs RFID

Informacijska tehnologija - Dovoljenje za uporabo mobilnih telefonov kot RFID-bralnikov

Področje uporabe tega tehničnega poročila je raziskati razvoj na področju uporabe mobilnih telefonov kot RFID-bralnikov. Za referenco uporablja komunikacijske protokole, razvite za komunikacijo kratkega dosega, ki imajo določeno raven varnosti. To tehnično poročilo bo raziskalo znan razvoj na področju uporabe mobilnih telefonov kot RFID-bralnikov, vključno z (a ne omejeno na): - razširitvijo zmožnosti komunikacije kratkega obsega v telefonih na branje oznak RFID, ki so v skladu s standardoma ISO/IEC 15693 in ISO/IEC 18000-3 Način 1; - uporabo mobilnih telefonov kot bralnikov za UHF oznake glede na standard ISO/IEC 18000-6 Tip C; - razvojem večprotokolnih bralnikov, ki lahko preklapljajo med visokimi frekvencami in UHF. Namen tega tehničnega poročila je prepoznati posamezne lastnosti, povezane z mobilnimi telefoni, ki se uporabljajo kot bralniki z oznakami, ki so predvsem namenjene drugi uporabi. Določil bo nekaj morebitnih groženj, ki so povezane s tehnologijo. Prav tako bo razkril vrzeli v postopku standardizacije, ki jih je morda treba obravnavati, da se omili take grožnje. Za uravnavanje kakršnih koli negativnih učinkov tehnično poročilo opredeljuje tudi, kako posamezni državljani in organizacije uporabljajo ali bi lahko uporabljali mobilne telefone, ki se uporabljajo kot RFID-bralniki, kar bi lahko vodilo v povečano prevzemanje RFID in interneta stvari.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
03-Jun-2014
ICS
33.070.01 - Mobile services in general
35.240.60 - IT applications in transport
Technical Committee
CEN/TC 225 - AIDC technologies
Drafting Committee
CEN/TC 225 - AIDC technologies
Current Stage
6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
Start Date
04-Jun-2014
Due Date
25-Feb-2014
Completion Date
04-Jun-2014
Mandate
M/436 - Standardisation mandate to the European Standardisation Organisation CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in the field of information and communication technologies applied to Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and systems
Ref Project
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16671:2014 - Information technology - Authorisation of mobile phones when used as RFID interrogators

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2014
Informacijska tehnologija - Dovoljenje za uporabo mobilnih telefonov kot RFID-
bralnikov
Information technology - Authorisation of mobile phones when used as RFID
interrogators
Informationstechnik - Autorisierung von Mobilfunkgeräten als RFID-Lesegeräte
Technologie de l’information - Autorisation des téléphones mobiles utilisés comme
interrogateurs RFID
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 16671:2014
ICS:
33.070.01 Mobilni servisi na splošno Mobile services in general
35.040.50 Tehnike za samodejno Automatic identification and
razpoznavanje in zajem data capture techniques
podatkov
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 16671
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
June 2014
ICS 35.240.60; 33.070.01
English Version
Information technology - Authorization of mobile phones when
used as RFID interrogators
Technologies de l'information - Autorisation des téléphones Informationstechnik - Autorisierung von Mobilfunkgeräten
mobiles utilisés comme lecteurs RFID als RFID-Lesegeräte

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 20 January 2014. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 225.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 16671:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Symbols and abbreviations .7
5 Executive summary and conclusions.8
6 Extending NFC phones capabilities to read RFID tags .8
6.1 Read range impacts due to inclusion of ISO/IEC 15693 .8
6.1.1 Short introduction to NFC .8
6.1.2 NFC Forum and NFC Forum tag types .9
6.1.3 Inclusion of support for ISO/IEC 15693 .9
6.1.4 NFC Forum directive on ISO/IEC 15693 capability extension . 10
6.1.5 Analysis of ISO/IEC 15693 tag type extension . 10
6.2 Extending NFC read range capabilities . 11
6.2.1 General . 11
6.2.2 Theoretical analysis of read range extension for NFC phones . 11
6.2.3 Extending existing hardware . 14
6.2.4 Extending with the use of a booster . 15
6.2.5 Conclusion . 16
6.3 Security features in the NFC phones . 16
7 Mobile phones enhanced with UHF RFID readers . 17
7.1 Introduction . 17
7.2 Internet research . 17
7.3 Republic of Korea . 18
7.4 Conclusion . 18
8 Development of multi-protocol readers. 19
8.1 HF multi-protocol readers . 19
8.2 UHF multi-protocol readers . 19
8.3 Combined HF and UHF multi-protocol readers . 19
9 Mobile phones as access portal for Internet of Things . 20
9.1 Application of NFC phones in homecare industry . 20
9.1.1 General . 20
9.1.2 Concept in a nutshell . 20
9.1.3 Dutch home care in practice . 21
9.2 Application of NFC phones in library automation applications . 22
9.3 Application of NFC phones in museums and shows applications . 22
Annex A (informative) ISO/IEC 14443 Eavesdropping and Activation Distance . 23
A.1 Introduction . 23
A.1.1 General . 23
A.1.2 Abbreviations and symbols . 23
A.2 Signal and Noise Power . 24
A.2.1 Bit Error Rate . 24
A.2.2 Signal Power and Density. 25
A.2.3 Magnetic field strength . 26
A.2.4 Noise Power and Density. 26
A.3 Eavesdropping distance . 28
A.3.1 General . 28
A.3.2 Near Field Distance . 28
A.3.3 Far Field Distance . 31
A.4 Activation distance . 33
A.4.1 General . 33
A.4.2 Power Transfer . 33
A.4.3 Data Transmission . 35
A.5 Interpretation of existing measurement results . 38
A.6 Conclusion . 40
A.6.1 General . 40
A.6.2 Real application impacts . 40
Bibliography . 42

Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 16671:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 225 “AIDC
technologies”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This Technical Report is one of a series of related deliverables, which comprise mandate 436 Phase 2. The
other deliverables are:
— EN 16570, Information technology — Notification of RFID — The information sign and additional
information to be provided by operators of RFID application systems
— EN 16571, Information technology — RFID privacy impact assessment process
— EN 16656, Information technology - Radio frequency identification for item management - RFID Emblem
(ISO/IEC 29160:2012, modified)
— CEN/TR 16684, Information technology — Notification of RFID — Additional information to be provided
by operators
— CEN/TS 16685, Information technology — Notification of RFID — The information sign to be displayed in
areas where RFID interrogators are deployed
— CEN/TR 16669, Information technology — Device interface to support ISO/IEC 18000-3 Mode 1
— CEN/TR 16670, Information technology — RFID threat and vulnerability analysis
— CEN/TR 16672, Information technology — Privacy capability features of current RFID technologies
— CEN/TR 16673, Information technology — RFID privacy impact assessment analysis for specific sectors
— CEN/TR 16674, Information technology — Analysis of privacy impact assessment methodologies relevant
to RFID
Introduction
In response to the growing deployment of RFID systems in Europe, the European Commission published in
2007 the Communication COM(2007) 96 ‘RFID in Europe: steps towards a policy framework’. This
Communication proposed steps which needed to be taken to reduce barriers to adoption of RFID whilst
respecting the basic legal framework safeguarding fundamental values such as health, environment, data
protection, privacy and security.
In December 2008, the European Commission addressed Mandate M/436 to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in the
field of ICT as applied to RFID systems. The Mandate M/436 was accepted by the ESOs in the first months of
2009. The Mandate addresses the data protection, privacy and information aspects of RFID, and is being
executed in two phases. Phase 1, completed in May 2011, identified the work needed to produce a complete
framework of future RFID standards. The Phase 1 results are contained in the ETSI Technical Report TR 187
020, which was published in May 2011.
Phase 2 is concerned with the execution of the standardisation work programme identified in the first phase.
This Technical Report explores developments in the use of mobile phones as RFID interrogators. The
integration of Near Field Communication (NFC) in mobile phones, many years ago, has enabled mobile
phones for use as RFID interrogators. NFC is generally considered to be a close-coupled mechanism with a
defined operating distance of maximum 10 cm. Recently the NFC Forum, amongst other things formed to
advance the use of NFC technology by developing specifications, has started developments to extend the
support for NFC tag types in the phones to also support tags that are compliant to ISO/IEC 15693 and
ISO/IEC 18000-3 Mode 1.
Another recent development is the integration of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) reader chips into mobile phones.
That allows using mobile phones as interrogators to read UHF ta
...


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2014
Informacijska tehnologija - Dovoljenje za uporabo mobilnih telefonov kot RFID-
bralnikov
Information technology - Authorisation of mobile phones when used as RFID
interrogators
Informationstechnik - Autorisierung von Mobilfunkgeräten als RFID-Lesegeräte
Technologie de l’information - Autorisation des téléphones mobiles utilisés comme
interrogateurs RFID
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 16671:2014
ICS:
33.070.01 Mobilni servisi na splošno Mobile services in general
35.020 Informacijska tehnika in Information technology (IT) in
tehnologija na splošno general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 16671
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
June 2014
ICS 35.240.60; 33.070.01
English Version
Information technology - Authorization of mobile phones when
used as RFID interrogators
Technologies de l'information - Autorisation des téléphones Informationstechnik - Autorisierung von Mobilfunkgeräten
mobiles utilisés comme lecteurs RFID als RFID-Lesegeräte

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 20 January 2014. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 225.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 16671:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Symbols and abbreviations .7
5 Executive summary and conclusions.8
6 Extending NFC phones capabilities to read RFID tags .8
6.1 Read range impacts due to inclusion of ISO/IEC 15693 .8
6.1.1 Short introduction to NFC .8
6.1.2 NFC Forum and NFC Forum tag types .9
6.1.3 Inclusion of support for ISO/IEC 15693 .9
6.1.4 NFC Forum directive on ISO/IEC 15693 capability extension . 10
6.1.5 Analysis of ISO/IEC 15693 tag type extension . 10
6.2 Extending NFC read range capabilities . 11
6.2.1 General . 11
6.2.2 Theoretical analysis of read range extension for NFC phones . 11
6.2.3 Extending existing hardware . 14
6.2.4 Extending with the use of a booster . 15
6.2.5 Conclusion . 16
6.3 Security features in the NFC phones . 16
7 Mobile phones enhanced with UHF RFID readers . 17
7.1 Introduction . 17
7.2 Internet research . 17
7.3 Republic of Korea . 18
7.4 Conclusion . 18
8 Development of multi-protocol readers. 19
8.1 HF multi-protocol readers . 19
8.2 UHF multi-protocol readers . 19
8.3 Combined HF and UHF multi-protocol readers . 19
9 Mobile phones as access portal for Internet of Things . 20
9.1 Application of NFC phones in homecare industry . 20
9.1.1 General . 20
9.1.2 Concept in a nutshell . 20
9.1.3 Dutch home care in practice . 21
9.2 Application of NFC phones in library automation applications . 22
9.3 Application of NFC phones in museums and shows applications . 22
Annex A (informative) ISO/IEC 14443 Eavesdropping and Activation Distance . 23
A.1 Introduction . 23
A.1.1 General . 23
A.1.2 Abbreviations and symbols . 23
A.2 Signal and Noise Power . 24
A.2.1 Bit Error Rate . 24
A.2.2 Signal Power and Density. 25
A.2.3 Magnetic field strength . 26
A.2.4 Noise Power and Density. 26
A.3 Eavesdropping distance . 28
A.3.1 General . 28
A.3.2 Near Field Distance . 28
A.3.3 Far Field Distance . 31
A.4 Activation distance . 33
A.4.1 General . 33
A.4.2 Power Transfer . 33
A.4.3 Data Transmission . 35
A.5 Interpretation of existing measurement results . 38
A.6 Conclusion . 40
A.6.1 General . 40
A.6.2 Real application impacts . 40
Bibliography . 42

Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 16671:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 225 “AIDC
technologies”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This Technical Report is one of a series of related deliverables, which comprise mandate 436 Phase 2. The
other deliverables are:
— EN 16570, Information technology — Notification of RFID — The information sign and additional
information to be provided by operators of RFID application systems
— EN 16571, Information technology — RFID privacy impact assessment process
— EN 16656, Information technology - Radio frequency identification for item management - RFID Emblem
(ISO/IEC 29160:2012, modified)
— CEN/TR 16684, Information technology — Notification of RFID — Additional information to be provided
by operators
— CEN/TS 16685, Information technology — Notification of RFID — The information sign to be displayed in
areas where RFID interrogators are deployed
— CEN/TR 16669, Information technology — Device interface to support ISO/IEC 18000-3 Mode 1
— CEN/TR 16670, Information technology — RFID threat and vulnerability analysis
— CEN/TR 16672, Information technology — Privacy capability features of current RFID technologies
— CEN/TR 16673, Information technology — RFID privacy impact assessment analysis for specific sectors
— CEN/TR 16674, Information technology — Analysis of privacy impact assessment methodologies relevant
to RFID
Introduction
In response to the growing deployment of RFID systems in Europe, the European Commission published in
2007 the Communication COM(2007) 96 ‘RFID in Europe: steps towards a policy framework’. This
Communication proposed steps which needed to be taken to reduce barriers to adoption of RFID whilst
respecting the basic legal framework safeguarding fundamental values such as health, environment, data
protection, privacy and security.
In December 2008, the European Commission addressed Mandate M/436 to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in the
field of ICT as applied to RFID systems. The Mandate M/436 was accepted by the ESOs in the first months of
2009. The Mandate addresses the data protection, privacy and information aspects of RFID, and is being
executed in two phases. Phase 1, completed in May 2011, identified the work needed to produce a complete
framework of future RFID standards. The Phase 1 results are contained in the ETSI Technical Report TR 187
020, which was published in May 2011.
Phase 2 is concerned with the execution of the standardisation work programme identified in the first phase.
This Technical Report explores developments in the use of mobile phones as RFID interrogators. The
integration of Near Field Communication (NFC) in mobile phones, many years ago, has enabled mobile
phones for use as RFID interrogators. NFC is generally considered to be a close-coupled mechanism with a
defined operating distance of maximum 10 cm. Recently the NFC Forum, amongst other things formed to
advance the use of NFC technology by developing specifications, has started developments to extend the
support for NFC tag types in the phones to also support tags that are compliant to ISO/IEC 15693 and
ISO/IEC 18000-3 Mode 1.
Another recent development is the integration of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) reader chips into mobile phones.
That allows using mobile phones as interrogators to read UHF tags, for exa
...

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This document specifies a tomodynamometer cut test method and related calculations, for use on materials and assemblies designed for protective clothing, including gloves. The test determines resistance to cutting by sharp edges, such as knives, sheet metal parts, swarf, glass, bladed tools and castings.
When this document is cited as a test method in a material or product requirement standard, that standard contains the necessary information to permit the application of this document to the particular product.
This test does not provide data on the resistance to penetration by pointed objects such as needles and thorns, or the point of sharp-edged blades. The test described in this document is not considered suitable for testing materials made from chain mail and metal plates. The text of this document does not include provisions for the safeguard of the operator.

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CEN
EN 17984-1:2024(Main)
Assistance dogs - Part 1: Vocabulary
SIST EN 17984-1:2024

This document specifies the terms and definitions that apply to:
—   different types of assistance dogs;
—   the beneficiary and client services;
—   health and disabilities;
—   assistance dog service providers;
—   assistance dog training staff and related professionals;
—   the socialization and training processes;
—   conformity assessment, identification and registration;
—   accessibility.

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CEN
EN 16709:2024(Main)
Automotive fuels - High FAME diesel fuel (B20 and B30) - Requirements and test methods
kSIST FprEN 16709:2024

This document specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered high FAME (B20 and B30) diesel fuel for use in diesel engine vehicles designed or subsequently adapted to run on such fuel. High FAME diesel fuel is a mixture of up to 20 % (V/V) in total and up to 30 % (V/V) in total respectively fatty acid methyl esters (commonly known as FAME) complying with EN 14214 and automotive diesel fuel complying with EN 590.
For maintenance and control reasons high FAME (B20 and B30) diesel fuel is to be used in captive fleets that are intended to have an appropriate fuel management (see Clause 4).
NOTE 1   These products are allowed in Europe [4], but national legislation can set additional requirements or rules concerning, or even prohibiting, marketing or delivering of the product.
NOTE 2   For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction.
NOTE 3   In this document, A-deviations apply (see Annex A).

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EN ISO 683-7:2024(Main)
Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 7: Bright products of non-alloy and alloy steels (ISO 683-7:2023)
oSIST prEN ISO 683-7:2024

This document specifies the technical delivery requirements for bright steel products in the drawn, peeled/turned or additional ground condition and they are intended for mechanical purposes, for example for machine parts. The bright steel products are subdivided into the following steel types:
a)       non-alloy general engineering steels;
b)       non-alloy free-cutting steels;
c)        non-alloy and alloy case-hardening steels;
d)       non-alloy and alloy steels for quenching and tempering.
Bright products of stainless steels are not part of this document, they are covered by ISO 16143-4.

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EN 12594:2024(Main)
Bitumens and bituminous binders - Preparation of test samples
kSIST FprEN 12594:2023

This document specifies methods for preparing test samples of bitumens and bituminous binders in order to test their properties.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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