SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Dvigala (žerjavi) - Varnost - Snemljiva dvigalna sredstvaKrane - Sicherheit - Lose LastaufnahmemittelAppareils de levage à charge suspendue - Equipements amovibles de prise de chargeCranes - Safety - Non-fixed load lifting attachments53.020.30Pribor za dvigalno opremoAccessories for lifting equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13155:2003+A2:2009SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009en,fr01-maj-2009SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13155:2003+A2
March 2009 ICS 53.020.30 Supersedes EN 13155:2003English Version
Cranes - Safety - Non-fixed load lifting attachments
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue -
Sécurité –Equipements amovibles de prise de charge
Krane - Sicherheit - Lose Lastaufnahmemittel This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 November 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 24 June 2005 and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 17 February 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13155:2003+A2:2009: ESIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

(normative) General verification methods . 37 Annex B (normative) Verification methods for plate clamps . 42 Annex C (normative) Verification methods for vacuum lifters. 46 Annex D (normative) Verification methods for lifting magnets . 53 Annex E (normative) Verification methods for lifting beams . 58 Annex F (normative) Verification methods for lifting forks . 60 Annex G (normative) Verification methods for clamps . 61 Annex H (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 65 Annex ZA (informative)
####Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC amended by Directive 98/79/EC$$$$ . 67 Annex ZB(informative)
####Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC$$$$ . 68 Bibliography . 69
!" and # $. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). #For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.$ For the relationship with other European standards for cranes, see informative Annex H. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN 1070. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for non-fixed load lifting attachments which have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies safety requirements for the following non-fixed load lifting attachments for cranes, hoists and manually controlled load manipulating devices:
 plate clamps;  vacuum lifters;  self priming,  non-self priming (pump, venturi, turbine);  electric lifting magnets (battery fed and mains-fed);  permanent lifting magnets;  electro-permanent lifting magnets;  lifting beams;  C-hooks;  lifting forks;  clamps; defined in clause 3.
This standard does not specify the additional requirements for:
 non fixed load lifting attachments in direct contact with foodstuffs or pharmaceuticals requiring a high level of cleanliness for hygiene reasons;  hazards resulting from handling specific hazardous materials (e.g. explosives, hot molten masses, radiating materials); SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

This standard does not cover the hazards related to mechanical strength of structural elements of attachments designed for more than 20 000 lifting cycles.
NOTE The coefficient of utilization specified in clause 5.1.1 ensures that no fatigue verification is needed for less than 20 000 cycles. This is in accordance with the well accepted calculation codes e.g. FEM 1001. This standard does not cover attachments intended to lift above people. This standard does not cover slings, ladles, expanding mandrels, buckets, grabs, or grab buckets. The hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in clause 4. This European Standard does not cover hazards related to the lifting of persons. This European Standard is applicable to non-fixed load lifting attachments which are manufactured after the date of approval by CEN of this standard.
2 Normative references !The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies." #deleted text$
EN 287-1, Approval testing of welders for fusion welding — Part 1: Steels
EN 349:1993, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
EN 457, Safety of machinery — Auditory danger signals — General requirements, design and testing
EN 818-4, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 4: Chain slings — Grade 8
EN 818-5, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 5: Chain slings —Grade 4
EN 842, Safety of machinery — Visual danger signals — General requirements, design and testing
EN 981, Safety of machinery - System of auditory and visual danger and information signals
EN 1070: 1998, Safety of machinery — Terminology
EN 1492-1, Textile slings — Safety — Part 1: Flat woven webbing slings, made of man-made fibres, for general purpose use
EN 1492-2, Textile slings — Safety — Part 2: Roundslings, made of man-made fibres, for general purpose use
ENV 1993-1-1: 1992, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

EN 10025, Hot-rolled products of non alloy structural steels — Technical delivery conditions
EN 10045-1, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 1: Test method
prEN 13414-1, Steel wire rope slings — Safety — Part 1: Slings for general lifting service
prEN 13557:2003, Cranes — Controls and control stations
EN 25817, Arc-welded joints in steel — Guidance on quality levels for imperfections (ISO 5817:1992)
#EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)$
#EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)$ SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070:1998 and the following terms and definitions apply:
3.1 adhesion force force required to remove the load from a vacuum lifter
3.2 building area area where buildings, bridges, roads etc are being erected or renovated or demolished NOTE In these areas the environment is permanently changing. Any risks are higher than in plants or warehouses. 3.3 C-hook equipment in the form of a ‘C’ used for lifting hollow loads e.g. coils, pipes
Figure 1 — Example of a C-hook
3.4 coefficient of utilisation arithmetic ratio between the maximum load held by the lifting attachment and its working load limit
3.5 clamp equipment used to handle loads by clamping on a specific part of the load.
NOTE Clamps are also known as tongs. For definition of plate clamps see 3.12.
Figure 2 — Example of a clamp
3.6 individual verification verification carried out on every item produced
3.7 lifting beam equipment consisting of one or more members equipped with attachment points to facilitate the handling of loads which require support at several points
Figure 3 — Example of a lifting beam
3.8 lifting forks equipment consisting of two or more arms fixed to an upright with an upper arm, essentially to lift palletised or similar loads
Figure 4 — Example of lifting forks
3.9 lifting magnet
Figure 5 — Example of a lifting magnet
3.9.1 electric lifting magnet equipment with a magnetic field generated by an electric current creating sufficient force for gripping, holding and handling loads with ferro-magnetic properties.
3.9.2 permanent lifting magnet equipment with a permanent magnetic field which creates sufficient force for gripping, holding and handling loads with ferro-magnetic properties. The magnetic field is controlled by mechanical means
3.9.3 electro-permanent lifting magnet equipment with a permanent magnetic field which creates sufficient force for gripping, holding and handling loads with ferro-magnetic properties. The magnetic field is controlled by an electric current which is not required to sustain the magnetic field
NOTE Electro-permanent lifting magnets can be energized by the mains or by battery or stand-alone generator. SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

3.11 non-fixed load lifting attachment lifting attachment which can be fitted directly or indirectly to the hook or any other coupling device of a crane, hoist or manually controlled manipulating device by the user without affecting the integrity of the crane, hoist or manually controlled manipulating device
3.12 plate clamps non powered equipment used to handle steel plates by clamping them between jaws.
Figure 6 — Example of plate clamps
3.13 positive holding device device making a direct mechanical connection to the load and which does not rely solely on friction, suction or magnetic adhesion to the load
3.14 secondary positive holding device device to hold loads if the primary holding means fails and which does not rely on friction, suction or magnetic adhesion to the load
3.15 tear-off force force applied at a right angle to the plane of the magnet poles which is required to detach the load from the switched-on magnet 3.16 two-action control control which, in order to be operative, requires the performance of two separate actions with one or two hands, such as:
a) operation of two separate hold-to-run controls; b) sequential operation of two movements of a control device; c) previous unlocking of the control with self-locking in the neutral position. SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

product before it is first placed on the market
NOTE Although the term "type verification" is normally associated with series produced equipment, for the purpose of this standard it also applies to single unit produced attachment.
3.18 vacuum lifter (suction pad) equipment which includes one or several suction pads operating by vacuum
3.18.1 self priming vacuum lifter vacuum lifter using the load to create the vacuum
Figure 7 — Example of a self priming vacuum lifter
3.18.2 non self priming vacuum lifter vacuum lifter using an external source of energy
Figure 8 — Example of a non self priming vacuum lifter
3.19 working load limit maximum load that the non-fixed load lifting attachment is designed to lift under the conditions specified by the manufacturer
4 List of significant hazards
Tables 1 to 7 show a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during normal use and foreseeable misuse. They also contain the relevant clauses in this standard that are necessary to reduce or eliminate the risks associated with those hazards.
NOTE The numbers in the left hand columns correspond to those in annex A of EN 1050: 1996 ‘Safety of machinery — Principles for risk assessment’.
Table 1 — Plate clamps - List of significant hazards and associated requirements
Hazard Relevant clause(s) in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards
Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:
1 e) Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2,
Fatigue is not dealt with 1 c) Stability 5.1.5, 7.1.1 1.1 Crushing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.2 Shearing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
8.1 Unhealthy postures 5.1.3 8.6 Human errors 5.2.1.2 15 Errors of fitting 5.2.1.4, 5.2.1.6 27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events
27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 Lack of stability 5.1.5 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.2.1.1, 5.2.1.2, 5.2.1.3, 5.2.1.4,
27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.1.4, 5.2.1.5, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1 Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4, 5.2.1.6 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/testing/use maintenance 5.2.1.5, 5.2.1.6, 7.1 to 7.2
Table 2 — Vacuum lifters - List of significant hazards and associated requirements
Hazard Relevant clause(s) in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards
Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:
1 e) Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2,
Fatigue is not dealt with 1 c) Stability 5.1.5, 7.1.1 1 h) The effect of vacuum 5.2.2 1.1 Crushing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.2 Shearing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
8.1 Unhealthy postures 5.1.3 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm anatomy 5.1.2 8.6 Human errors 5.2.2.1 to 5.2.2.10 8.7 Inadequate design of manual controls 5.1.2 10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/overspeed 5.1.6 13 Failure of the power supply 5.2.2.5, 5.2.2.6, 5.2.2.7 14 Failure of the control circuit 7.1.1, 7.1.2 15 Errors of fitting 7.1.1, 7.1.2 17 Falling objects 5.2.2.1, 5.2.2.2, 5.2.2.3,, 5.2.2.4 18 Loss of stability of machinery 5.1.5 27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events
27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 Lack of stability 5.1.1.2 27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading - overturning moments exceeded 5.1.1.1, 7.1.1 27.1.3 Uncontrolled amplitude of movements 5.2.2.10 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of
loads 5.2.2.1, 5.2.2.2, 5.2.2.3, 5.2.2.4, 5.2.2.5, 5.2.2.6, 5.2.2.9, 5.2.2.10, 7.2.3 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.2.1, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1
Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/testing/use maintenance 5.2.5, 5.2.6, 7.1, 7.2
Table 3 — Lifting magnets - List of significant hazards and associated requirements
Hazard Relevant clause(s) in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards
Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:
1 e) Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2,
Fatigue is not dealt with 1 c) Stability 5.1.5, 7.1.1 1.1 Crushing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.2 Shearing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
8.1 Unhealthy postures 5.1.3 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm anatomy 5.1.2 8.6 Human errors 5.2.2.1 to 5.2.2.10 8.7 Inadequate design of manual controls 5.1.2 13 Failure of the power supply 5.2.3.3, 5.2.3.4.2, 5.2.3.4.3, 5.2.2.7 14 Failure of the control circuit 7.1.1, 7.1.2 15 Errors of fitting 7.1.1, 7.1.2 17 Falling objects 5.2.3.3, 5.2.3.4, 5.2.3.5, 5.2.3.6 18 Loss of stability/overturning of machinery 5.1.5 27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events
27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 Lack of stability 5.1.1.2 27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading - overturning moments exceeded 5.1.1.1, 7.1.1 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of
loads 5.2.3.1, 5.2.3.3, 5.2.3.4, 5.2.3.5, 5.2.3.6, 7.2.3 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.3.2, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1 Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/testing/use maintenance 5.2.5, 5.2.6, 7.1, 7.2
Hazard Relevant clause(s) in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards
Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:
1 e) Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2,
Fatigue is not dealt with 1 c) Stability 5.1.5, 7.1.1 1.1 Crushing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.2 Shearing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
8.1 Unhealthy postures 5.1.3, 5.2.4.1 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm anatomy 5.1.2 8.7 Inadequate design of manual controls 5.1.2 17 Falling objects 5.2.4.2 18 Loss of stability/overturning of machinery 5.1.5 27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events
27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 Lack of stability 5.1.1.2 27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading - overturning moments exceeded 5.1.1.1, 7.1.1 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of
loads 5.2.4.2
27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.4.1, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.2.3 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1 Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/testing/use maintenance 7.1, 7.2
Hazard Relevant clause(s) in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards
Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:
1 e) Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2, 5.2.5.6 Fatigue is not dealt with 1 c) Stability 5.1.5, 7.1.1 1.1 Crushing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.2 Shearing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.9 High pressure fluid ejection 5.1.7 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
8.1 Unhealthy postures 5.1.3, 5.2.5.1 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm anatomy 5.1.2 8.7 Inadequate design of manual controls 5.1.2 17 Falling objects 5.2.5.2, 5.2.5.3, 5.2.5.4, 5.2.5.5,7.1.1, 7.2.3 18 Loss of stability/overturning of machinery 5.1.5 27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events
27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 Lack of stability 5.1.1.2 27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading - overturning moments exceeded 5.1.1.1, 7.1.1 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of
loads 5.2.5.2, 5.2.5.3, 5.2.5.4, 5.2.5.5
27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.5.2, 5.2.5.3, 5.2.5.4, 5.2.5.5, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.2.3 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1, 5.2.5.6 Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/testing/use maintenance 5.2.5.3, 5.2.5.4, 5.2.5.5, 7.1, 7.2
Hazard Relevant clause(s) in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards
Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:
1 e) Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2, 5.2.6.3.1 Fatigue is not dealt with 1 c) Stability 5.1.5, 7.1.1 1.1 Crushing hazard 5.1.3, 5.2.6.1.3, 5.2.6.2, 5.2.6.3.4, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.2 Shearing hazard 5.1.3, 5.2.6.1.3, 5.2.6.2, 5.2.6.3.4, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.3 Entanglement hazards 5.2.6.3.4, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
8.1 Unhealthy postures 5.1.3 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm anatomy 5.1.2 8.7 Inadequate design of manual controls 5.1.2 10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/overspeed 5.2.6.3.3 17 Falling objects 5.2.6.2, 5.2.6.3.2 18 Loss of stability/overturning of machinery 5.1.5 27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events
27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping caused by: 5.1.1.2, 5.2.6.1.3, 5.2.6.3.3 27.1.1 Lack of stability 5.1.1.1, 7.1.1 27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading - overturning moments exceeded 7.1, 7.2 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of
loads 5.2.6, 7.2.3 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.1.4, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1 Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/testing/use maintenance 5.2.5, 5.2.6, 7.1, 7.2
Hazard Relevant clause(s) in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards
Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:
1 e) Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2, 5.2.7.6 Fatigue is not dealt with 1 c) Stability 5.1.5, 7.1.1 1.1 Crushing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 1.2 Shearing hazard 5.1.3, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
8.1 Unhealthy postures 5.1.3 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm anatomy 5.1.2 8.6 Human errors 5.2.7.4, 5.2.7.5, 5.2.7.7 8.7 Inadequate design of manual controls 5.1.2, 5.2.7.4 15 Errors of fitting 5.2.7.2, 7.1.1, 7.1.2 17 Falling objects 5.2.7, 7.1.1, 7.2.3 18 Loss of stability of machinery 5.1.5 27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events
27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 Lack of stability 5.1.1.2 27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading - overturning moments exceeded 5.1.1.1, 7.1.1, 7.2.1 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of
loads 5.2.7.1, 5.2.7.2, 5.2.7.3, 5.2.7.4, 7.2.3 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.7.2, 5.2.7.3, 5.2.7.5, 5.2.7.7, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.2.3 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1, 5.2.7.6 Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/testing/use maintenance 5.2.7.5, 7.1, 7.2
5.1.1 Mechanical load bearing parts 5.1.1.1 The mechanical load bearing parts shall have a mechanical strength to fulfil the following requirements:
1) the attachment
shall be designed to withstand a static load of three times the working load limit without releasing the load even if permanent deformation occurs; 2) the attachment shall be designed to withstand a static load of two times the working load limit without permanent deformation.
5.1.1.2 Attachments intended to tilt shall be designed for an angle exceeding minimum 6° the maximum working angle. Attachments not intended to tilt shall be designed for an angle of minimum 6°.
5.1.2 Controls The controls of the attachment shall be in accordance with the following clauses of prEN 13557:2003 where applicable:
5.1.1, 5.1.10, 5.2.3.1.1, 5.2.3.1.2, 5.2.3.1.3, 5.2.3.2.1, 5.2.3.2.2, 5.2.3.2.3, 5.2.3.2.4, 5.2.3.2.5, 5.2.3.2.6
5.1.3 Handles An attachment that is intended to be guided manually shall be equipped with handle(s), arranged so that finger injuries are avoided. Handles are not required if features have been built in to provide natural handholds.
5.1.4 Requirements for slings which are integrated Slings which are an integrated part of the attachment shall be in accordance with the appropriate following standards:  EN 818-4;  EN 818-5;  prEN 13414-1;  EN 1492-1;  EN 1492-2.
5.2.1.1 Under the conditions specified by the manufacturer, it shall not be possible to unintentionally release the load, in particular by the following influences: a) contact of the plate clamp particularly the locking mechanisms with an obstacle; b) weight of the crane hook, bottom block or other connections bearing down on the device; c) intended tipping and/or turning.
5.2.1.2 Plate clamps intended to transport vertically suspended plate shall incorporate a device to prevent the load from unintentional detachment when it is set down. 5.2.1.3 The safety factor to prevent the load from slipping shall be at least 2.
5.2.1.4 In the case of plate clamps where the range of thickness does not start at 0, a safety range in which the gripping force does not fall below the value given in 5.2.1.3 is required below the smallest specified thickness, in order to be able to compensate for the manufacturing tolerances, elastic deformation etc. The following minimum safety ranges are required:
a) for a minimum thickness less than or equal to 50 mm: 10 % of the minimum thickness; b) for a minimum thickness between 50 and 100 mm: 5 mm; c) for a minimum thickness more than 100 mm: 5 % of the minimum thickness. 5.2.1.5 If the lifting attachment is designed to use more than one clamp, the working load limit of each clamp shall take account of the share of the load which can foreseeably be imposed on it (including any inequality of share due to the rigidity of the load) and any intermediate equipment between the clamps and the crane e.g. a lifting beam. 5.2.1.6 The method of connecting to the crane or intermediate equipment shall ensure that the forces are transmitted through the plate clamp in the correct alignment. Where this is not possible by design, the marking and/or operating instructions shall clearly indicate how it should be connected. 5.2.2 Vacuum lifters 5.2.2.1 Vacuum lifters shall be dimensioned to hold at least a load corresponding to two times the working load limit at the end of the working range and the beginning of the danger range respectively at all intended angles of tilt. The maximum angles of tilt shall be increase in accordance with 5.1.1.2. NOTE The pressure range with which it is possible to work is termed the working range. The danger range adjoins the working range. In some vacuum lifting systems, in particular self-priming vacuum lifters, the pressure decrease arising depends upon the weight of the load. 5.2.2.2 Non-self-priming vacuum lifters shall be equipped with a pressure measuring device showing the working range and the danger range of the vacuum. SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

NOTE The warning device is not the pressure measuring device of 5.2.2.2 or the indicator of 5.2.2.3. 5.2.2.7 In case of power failure, the vacuum lifter shall be able to hold the load for 5 minutes. This is not necessary in no-go areas and this is not necessary for turbine vacuum lifters if all the following conditions are met:  the operator maintains control of the load through steering handles which ensures that the operator is outside the danger zone in case of the load falling;  in addition to clause 5.2.2.6 a warning device shall be activated as soon as the power fails;  the manufacturer shall prohibit lifting of the geometric centre of the suction pads above 1,8 m by marking and instructions for use. 5.2.2.8 For vacuum lifters intended to be used in a building area a secondary positive holding device is required or there shall be two vacuum reserves each fitted with non return valves. Each vacuum reserve shall be connected to a separate set of vacuum pads. Each set of vacuum pads shall fulfil the requirement of the clause 5.2.2.1. 5.2.2.9 The releasing of the load shall be actuated by a two action control. This is not necessary if the release of the load is not possible until the load has been put down or in no-go areas. 5.2.2.10 Controls for tilting or turning movements shall be hold-to-run type. 5.2.2.11 The shape of the suction pad shall be matched to that of the intended load(s). If more than one suction pad is used in conjunction with a lifting beam, the layout and working load limit of the suction pads shall be matched to that of the intended load(s). The share of the load which can foreseeably be imposed on each suction pad shall not exceed its working load limit taking account of the rigidity of both the load and the vacuum lifter. SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

5.2.3.3.6 Magnets for lifting loads such as plates, sheets, or bars from the top of a stack, shall have controls to reduce the power supply so as to facilitate the shedding of excess load. After the excess load has been shed the controls shall permit restoration of full power. SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

for handling single steel sheet coils the lower arm shall be horizontal or titled backward in the loaded position; c) a chain, strap or bar to close the C-hook opening; d) a clamping system to secure the load; e) an end stop on the lower arm. 5.2.5 Lifting forks 5.2.5.1 The unloaded lifting fork shall hang with the fork arms within 5° of horizontal to facilitate access to the load. 5.2.5.2 Within the intended load range and position of the load centre of gravity, the fork arms shall be tilted backwards with an angle greater or equal to 5° to prevent the load from sliding from the fork arms. SIST EN 13155:2004+A2:2009

For handling loose materials (e.g. bricks and tiles) the secondary positive holding device (e.g. nets or cages) shall not have side and bottom openings of more than 50 mm !deleted text". NOTE It is recommended that the secondary positive holding device is automatically activated. 5.2.5.4 Lifting forks fitted with a secondary positive holding device required in the clause 5.2.5.3 shall be capable of holding a uniformly distributed load equal to 50% of the WLL in all four horizontal directions. 5.2.5.5 Lifting forks for unit load (e.g. plastic wrapped palletised load) to be used on building area shall have a retaining device (e.g. chain, strap or bar) to prevent the unit load sliding off the forks. 5.2.5.6 Lifting forks with a retaining device as required in clause 5.2.5.5 shall be capable of holding a uniformly distributed load equal to 50% of the WLL. 5.2.6 Lifting beams 5.2.6.1 Attaching the lifting beam to the crane 5.2.6.1.1 Any connection made by moving or removing a lifting beam component shall be such that it can be locked before lifting so as to prevent any accidental uncoupling of this connection. 5.2.6.1.2 Means shall be provided to prevent any dangerous movement and damage to the suspended parts of the lifting beam parts during storage, coupling or uncoupling from the crane. 5.2.6.2 Securing the load to the lifting beam 5.2.6.2.1 Lifting beams with load attachment points which move along the beam shall have the means to prevent them falling off. 5.2.6.2.2 Load attachment points which move along the beam shall have the means to lock them in positions when they are under load 5.2.6.2.3 If the means of locking the load attachment points is operated manually, the state of locking shall be visible to the slinger. 5.2.6.3
Structure 5.2.6.3.1 If the lifting beam is intended to tilt, the manufacturer shall indicate the maximum permissible angle of tilt from the horizontal. If the lifting beam is intended for horizontal use, the design shall tolerate a tilt of up to 6° from the horizontal. 5.2.6.3.2 Moving parts of the structure shall have devices to hold them in position when loaded. These devices shall be effective up to 6° from the maximum tilting angle permitted for the lifting beam. If these devices operate on a friction basis the safety factor shall be at least 2. 5.2.6.3.3 If free movement presents a hazard, lifting beams fitted with a rotation or tilting mechanism shall be equipped with a device to stop movement and to immobilise the load in its intended position. 5.2.6.3.4 When the spacing between moving parts of the beam is controlled by a power source, protection devices shall be provided to avoid crushing and shearing hazards as specified in EN 349: 1993.
5.2.7.2 In the case of clamps holding by friction, where the range of thickness does not start at 0, a safety range in which the holding force does not fall below the value given in clause 5.2.7.1 is required below the smallest specified thickness, in order to be able to compensate for the manufacturing tolerances, elastic deformation etc. The following minimum safety ranges are required:
a) for a minimum thickness less than or equal to 50 mm: 10 % of the minimum thickness; b) for a minimum thickness between 50 and 1
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