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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60695-4

NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2006
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

ICS 01.040.13; 29.020 Supersedes EN 60695-4:1995


English version


Fire hazard testing
Part 4: Terminology concerning fire tests
for electrotechnical products
(IEC 60695-4:2005)


Essais relatifs aux risques du feu Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der
Partie 4: Terminologie relative Brandgefahr
aux essais au feu pour les produits Teil 4: Terminologie der Brandprüfungen
électrotechniques elektrotechnischer Produkte
(CEI 60695-4:2005) (IEC 60695-4:2005)




This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2006-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels


© 2006 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60695-4:2006 E

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EN 60695-4:2006 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of the International Standard IEC 60695-4:2005, prepared by IEC TC 89, Fire hazard
testing, was submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 60695-4 on 2006-10-01 without any modification.
This European Standard supersedes EN 60695-4:1995.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2007-10-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2009-10-01
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60695-4:2005 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
__________

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- 3 - EN 60695-4:2006

Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC Guide 104 1997 The preparation of safety publications and - -
the use of basic safety publications and
group safety publications


ISO 13943 2000 Fire safety - Vocabulary EN ISO 13943 2000


ISO/IEC Guide 51 1999 Safety aspects - Guidelines for their - -
inclusion in standards

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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC



60695-4
INTERNATIONAL


Troisième édition
STANDARD

Third edition

2005-05


PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu –
Partie 4:
Terminologie relative aux essais au feu
pour les produits électrotechniques

Fire hazard testing –
Part 4:
Terminology concerning fire tests
for electrotechnical products
 IEC 2005 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photo-copie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Q
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
PRICE CODE
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 3 –
CONTENTS

FOREWORD.5

1 Scope.9
2 Normative references .9
3 Terms and definitions .9
4 Index of terms .31

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

FIRE HAZARD TESTING –

Part 4: Terminology concerning fire tests
for electrotechnical products


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60695-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 89: Fire
hazard testing.
This third edition of IEC 60695-4 cancels and replaces the second edition issued in 1993 and
its two amendments issued in 1995 and 2001. It constitutes a technical revision.
The document 89/695/FDIS, circulated to the National Committees as amendment 3, led to
the publication of the new edition.
This standard has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104
and ISO/IEC Guide 51.

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 7 –
The text of this standard is based on the second edition, its amendment 1, amendment 2 and
on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
89/695/FDIS 89/702/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The following standards are part of the same series, under the general title Fire hazard
testing:
Part 1: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of electrotechnical products
Part 2: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods
Part 3: Examples of fire hazard assessment procedures and interpretation of results
Part 4: Terminology concerning fire tests for electrotechnical products
Part 5: Corrosion damage effects of fire effluent
Part 6: Smoke obscuration
Part 7: Toxicity of fire effluent
Part 8: Heat release
Part 9: Surface spread of flame
Part 10: Abnormal heat
Part 11: Test flames

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 9 –
FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 4: Terminology concerning fire tests
for electrotechnical products



1 Scope
The terms and definitions defined in this standard are applicable to fire tests for electro-
technical products.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of
basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC Guide 104:1997, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety
publications and group safety publications
ISO/IEC 13943:2000, Fire safety – Vocabulary
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999. Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. Some of the
terms and definitions listed appear in ISO/IEC 13943.
3.1
abnormal heat
heat that is additional to that resulting from use under normal conditions, up to and including
that which causes a fire situation
3.2
acute toxicity
ability of a substance to produce rapidly occurring adverse effects upon a living organism
3.3
afterflame time
the length of time during which an afterflame persists (also called duration of flaming)
3.4
afterglow time
the time length of during which an afterglow persists

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 11 –
3.5
asphyxiant
toxicant causing loss of consciousness and ultimately death resulting from hypoxic effects,
particularly on the central nervous and/or cardiovascular systems
3.6
burned area
the area of a material that has been destroyed by combustion or pyrolysis, under specified
test conditions, excluding any area damaged only by deformation
2
NOTE Expressed in m .
3.7
char (verb)
to form char
3.8
corrosion damage
the physical and/or chemical damage or impaired function caused by the fire effluent
especially by chemical action
3.9
corrosion target
the sensor – product, component, or a reference material simulating them – used to determine
the degree of corrosion damage, under specified test conditions
3.10
detonation
an explosion propagating at supersonic velocity and characterized by a shock wave
3.11
draught free environment
an environment in which the results of experiments are not significantly affected by the local
air speed, for example:
a) qualitatively, an environment in which a wax candle flame remains essentially undisturbed;
b) quantitatively, an environment in which the air speed is not greater than 0,1 m/s
3.12
ease of ignition
the ease with which a specimen can be ignited under specified test conditions (see also
exposure time and minimum ignition time)
3.13
effective exposure concentration 50
EC
50
concentration of a toxicant, or mixture of toxicants, statistically calculated from concentration
response data over time that causes a specific observed effect in 50 % of a population of a
given species under specific conditions
NOTE The observed effect is typically either a behavioural response of incapacitation or death. The effective
concentration for a lethal exposure is termed “LC ”, the lethal concentration.
50

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 13 –
3.14
exposure dose
quantity of gaseous toxicant or a fire effluent which is available for inhalation, i.e. the
integrated area under either the concentration-time curve or the volume fraction-time curve
-3
-6
NOTE It is usually expressed in units of g× min× m or 10 × min.
3.15
exposure time
the specified length of time for which a material is exposed to an ignition source (see also
ease of ignition and minimum ignition time)
NOTE Expressed in seconds (s).
3.16
extent of combustion
the maximum length of a material that has been destroyed by combustion or pyrolysis, under
specified test conditions, excluding any region damaged only by deformation
3.17
extinction area of smoke
product of the extinction coefficient and the volume occupied by the smoke
NOTE It is a measure of the amount of smoke.
3.18
extinction coefficient of smoke
natural logarithm of the opacity of smoke divided by the path length of the light used to
measure the smoke opacity
3.19
fire
a) a process of combustion characterized by the emission of heat and effluent accompanied
by smoke, and/or flame, and/or glowing;
b) rapid combustion spreading uncontrolled in time and space
3.20
fire barrier
a part able to provide simultaneously a given fire integrity and thermal insulation under
specified test conditions
3.21
fire behaviour
the change in, or maintenance of the physical and/or chemical properties of a material,
product and/or structure exposed to fire
NOTE This concept includes both reaction to fire and fire resistance.
3.22
fire compartment
an enclosed space, comprising one or more rooms, bounded by elements of construction
having a specified fire resistance and intended to prevent spreading of fire for a given period
of time
3.23
fire effluent
the total gaseous, particulate or aerosol effluent from combustion or pyrolysis

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 15 –
3.24
fire effluent decay characteristics
the physical and/or chemical change in fire effluent due to time and transport
3.25
fire effluent transport
the movement of fire effluent away from the location of the fire
3.26
fire hazard
the potential for injury or loss of life and/or damage to property by fire
3.27
fire integrity
the ability of a separating element when exposed to fire on one side, to prevent the passage
through it of flames and hot gases or the occurrence of flames on the unexposed side, for a
stated period of time in a standard fire resistance test
3.28
fire load
the sum of the calorific energies which could be released by the complete combustion of all of
the combustible materials in a space, including the facings of the walls, partitions, floors and
ceilings
NOTE Expressed in J.
3.29
fire model
a laboratory process, including both the apparatus and the mode of operation, intended to
simulate a certain stage of a real fire
3.30
fire modelling
descriptions, using mathematical models, of the different interconnected physical phenomena
which govern the propagation of a real fire
3.31
fire retardant (noun)
a substance added or a treatment applied to a material in order to suppress, reduce or delay
the combustion of the material
3.32
fire scenario
a detailed description of conditions, including environmental, of one or more of the stages
from before ignition to the completion of combustion in an actual fire at a specific location, or
in a full-scale simulation
3.33
fire stability
the ability of an element of construction, load-bearing or non load-bearing, to resist collapse
under fire exposure for a stated period of time under specified test conditions
3.34
flame front
the boundary of the combustion zone in the gaseous phase at the surface of a material

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 17 –
3.35
flame retardant treatment
a process whereby improved flame retardance is imparted to a material
3.36
flame spread
propagation of a flame front
3.37
flame spread rate
distance travelled by a flame front during its propagation, per unit time, under specified test
conditions
NOTE Expressed in m/s.
3.38
flame spread time
the time taken by a flame front on a burning material to travel a specified distance on the
surface, or to cover a specified surface area under specified test conditions
NOTE Expressed in seconds (s).
3.39
flaming (noun)
the process of continuation of flames after their first appearance
3.40
flammability
the ability of a material or product to burn with a flame under specified test conditions
3.41
flammable
capable of burning with a flame under specified test conditions
3.42
flash-over
the rapid transition to a state of total surface involvement in a fire of combustible materials
within an enclosure
3.43
flashpoint
the minimum temperature to which a product must be heated for the vapours emitted to ignite
momentarily in the presence of flame, under specified test conditions
NOTE Expressed in °C.
3.44
fractional effective concentration
FEC
ratio of the concentration of an irritant to that expected to produce a given effect on an
exposed subject of average susceptibility
NOTE 1 As a concept, FEC may refer to any effect, including incapacitation, lethality or even other endpoints.
NOTE 2 When not used with reference to a specific irritant, the term FEC represents the summation of FECs for
all irritants in a combustion atmosphere.

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60695-4  IEC:2005 – 19 –
3.45
fractional effective dose
FED
ratio of the exposure dose for an asphyxiant toxicant to that expected to produce a given
effect on an exposed subject of average susceptibility
NOTE 1 As a concept, FED may refer to any effect, including incapacitation, lethality or even other endpoints.
NOTE 2 When not used with reference to a specific asphyxiant, the term FED represents the summation of FEDs
for all asphyxiants in a combustion atmosphere.
3.46
full fire development
the transition to a state of full involvement of combustible materials in a fire
3.47
gasification
the transformation of a material partially or wholly into a gaseous state
3.48
gasify
to bring a material partially or wholly to a gaseous state
3.49
glowing
made luminous by intense heat
3.50
hyperventilation
r
...