SIST EN 15898:2020
(Main)Conservation of cultural heritage - Main general terms and definitions
Conservation of cultural heritage - Main general terms and definitions
This European Standard defines the main general terms used in the field of conservation of cultural property with particular attention to those terms which have wide use or significance.
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Allgemeine Begriffe
Dieses Dokument definiert die wichtigsten allgemeinen Begriffe im Bereich der Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von weithin verbreiteten und bedeutsamen Begriffen.
Conservation de patrimoine culturel - Principaux termes généraux et définitions
Le présent document définit les principaux termes généraux employés dans le domaine de la conservation-restauration du patrimoine culturel en accordant une attention particulière aux termes dont l'usage est répandu ou l'importance reconnue.
Ohranjanje kulturne dediščine - Splošni izrazi in definicije
Ta evropski standard določa glavne splošne izraze, ki se uporabljajo na področju ohranjanja kulturne dediščine, pri čemer je posebna pozornost posvečena tistim izrazom, ki so v splošni uporabi ali imajo širši pomen.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 15898:2020
01-januar-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 15898:2011
Ohranjanje kulturne dediščine - Splošni izrazi in definicije
Conservation of cultural heritage - Main general terms and definitions
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Allgemeine Begriffe
Conservation de patrimoine culturel - Principaux termes généraux et définitions
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15898:2019
ICS:
01.040.97 Oprema za dom in trgovino. Domestic and commercial
Razvedrilo. Šport (Slovarji) equipment. Entertainment.
Sports (Vocabularies)
97.195 Umetniški in obrtniški izdelki. Items of art and handicrafts.
Kulturne dobrine in kulturna Cultural property and
dediščina heritage
SIST EN 15898:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 15898:2020
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SIST EN 15898:2020
EN 15898
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.97; 97.195 Supersedes EN 15898:2011
English Version
Conservation of cultural heritage - Main general terms and
definitions
Conservation de patrimoine culturel - Principaux Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Allgemeine Begriffe
termes généraux et définitions
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 July 2019.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15898:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 15898:2020
EN 15898
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
Novembre 2019
EUROPEAN STANDARD
ICS 01.040.97; 97.195 Remplace l' EN 15898:2011
Version Française
Conservation de patrimoine culturel - Principaux termes
généraux et définitions
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Allgemeine Begriffe Conservation of cultural heritage - Main general terms
and definitions
La présente Norme européenne a été adoptée par le CEN le 28 juillet 2019.
Les membres du CEN sont tenus de se soumettre au Règlement Intérieur du CEN/CENELEC, qui définit les conditions dans
lesquelles doit être attribué, sans modification, le statut de norme nationale à la Norme européenne. Les listes mises à jour et les
références bibliographiques relatives à ces normes nationales peuvent être obtenues auprès du Centre de Gestion du CEN-
CENELEC ou auprès des membres du CEN.
La présente Norme européenne existe en trois versions officielles (allemand, anglais, français). Une version dans une autre
langue faite par traduction sous la responsabilité d'un membre du CEN dans sa langue nationale et notifiée au Centre de Gestion
du CEN-CENELEC, a le même statut que les versions officielles.
Les membres du CEN sont les organismes nationaux de normalisation des pays suivants: Allemagne, Autriche, Belgique, Bulgarie,
Chypre, Croatie, Danemark, Espagne, Estonie, Finlande, France, Grèce, Hongrie, Irlande, Islande, Italie, Lettonie, Lituanie,
Luxembourg, Malte, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Portugal, République de Macédoine du Nord, République de Serbie, République
Tchèque, Roumanie, Royaume-Uni, Slovaquie, Slovénie, Suède, Suisse et Turquie.
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Bruxelles
© 2019 CEN Tous droits d'exploitation sous quelque forme et de quelque manière Réf. n° EN 15898:2019 F
que ce soit réservés dans le monde entier aux membres nationaux du
CEN.
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SIST EN 15898:2020
EN 15898
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EUROPEAN STANDARD
November 2019
NORME EUROPÉENNE
ICS 01.040.97; 97.195 Ersetzt EN 15898:2011
Deutsche Fassung
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Allgemeine Begriffe
Conservation of cultural heritage - Main general terms Conservation de patrimoine culturel - Principaux
and definitions termes généraux et définitions
Diese Europäische Norm wurde vom CEN am 28. Juli 2019 angenommen.
Die CEN-Mitglieder sind gehalten, die CEN/CENELEC-Geschäftsordnung zu erfüllen, in der die Bedingungen festgelegt sind, unter
denen dieser Europäischen Norm ohne jede Änderung der Status einer nationalen Norm zu geben ist. Auf dem letzten Stand
befindliche Listen dieser nationalen Normen mit ihren bibliographischen Angaben sind beim CEN-CENELEC-Management-
Zentrum oder bei jedem CEN-Mitglied auf Anfrage erhältlich.
Diese Europäische Norm besteht in drei offiziellen Fassungen (Deutsch, Englisch, Französisch). Eine Fassung in einer anderen
Sprache, die von einem CEN-Mitglied in eigener Verantwortung durch Übersetzung in seine Landessprache gemacht und dem
Management-Zentrum mitgeteilt worden ist, hat den gleichen Status wie die offiziellen Fassungen.
CEN-Mitglieder sind die nationalen Normungsinstitute von Belgien, Bulgarien, Dänemark, Deutschland, Estland, Finnland,
Frankreich, Griechenland, Irland, Island, Italien, Kroatien, Lettland, Litauen, Luxemburg, Malta, den Niederlanden, Norwegen,
Österreich, Polen, Portugal, der Republik Nordmazedonien, Rumänien, Schweden, der Schweiz, Serbien, der Slowakei, Slowenien,
Spanien, der Tschechischen Republik, der Türkei, Ungarn, dem Vereinigten Königreich und Zypern.
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
CEN-CENELEC Management-Zentrum: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brüssel
© 2019 CEN Alle Rechte der Verwertung, gleich in welcher Form und in welchem Ref. Nr. EN 15898:2019 D
Verfahren, sind weltweit den nationalen Mitgliedern von CEN
vorbehalten.
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Contents Sommaire Inhalt
Page Page Seite
European foreword . 3 Avant-propos européen . 3 Europäisches Vorwort .3
0 Introduction . 6 0 Introduction . 6 0 Einleitung .6
0.1 General observations . 6 0.1 Observations générales . 6 0.1 Allgemeines .6
0.2 Development of this standard . 8 0.2 Élaboration de la présente norme. 8 0.2 Zur Entstehung dieser Norm .8
0.3 References and sources . 10 0.3 Références et sources . 10 0.3 Nachweise und Quellen . 10
0.4 Conservation practice . 12 0.4 Pratique en matière de 0.4 Konservierungspraxis . 12
0.5 The structure of the document and conservation-restauration . 12 0.5 Zur Struktur und zur Benutzung
how to use it . 14 0.5 Structure et mode d’emploi du der Norm . 14
document . 14
1 Scope. 16 1 Anwendungsbereich . 16
1 Domaine d’application . 16
2 Normative references . 16 2 Normative Verweisungen . 16
2 Références normatives . 16
3 Terms and definitions . 16 3 Begriffe . 16
3.1 Cultural heritage terms . 17 3 Termes et définitions . 16 3.1 Begriffe zum Kulturerbe . 17
3.2 Condition terms . 20 3.1 Termes relatifs au patrimoine 3.2 Begriffe zum Erhaltungszustand . 20
3.3 Conservation terms . 24 culturel . 17 3.3 Begriffe zur Konservierung . 24
3.4 Preventive conservation terms . 28 3.2 Termes relatifs à l’état . 20 3.4 Begriffe zur Präventiven
3.5 Remedial conservation and 3.3 Termes relatifs à la conservation- Konservierung . 28
restoration terms . 30 restauration. 24 3.5 Begriffe zur Stabilisierenden
3.6 Planning and documentation 3.4 Termes relatifs à la conservation Konservierung und Restaurierung . 30
terms . 34 préventive . 28 3.6 Begriffe zur Planung und
3.5 Termes relatifs à la conservation Dokumentation . 34
Bibliography . 39
curative et à la restauration . 30
Literaturhinweise . 39
Index . 53
3.6 Termes relatifs à la
Stichwortverzeichnis . 57
programmation et à la
documentation . 34
Bibliographie . 39
Index . 55
2
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European foreword Avant-propos européen Europäisches Vorwort
This document (EN 15898:2019) has been Le présent document (EN 15898:2019) a été Dieses Dokument (EN 15898:2019) wurde
prepared by Technical Committee élaboré par le Comité Technique CEN/TC 346 vom Technischen Komitee CEN/TC 346
CEN/TC 346 “Conservation of cultural « Conservation des biens culturels », dont le „Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes“ erarbeitet,
heritage”, the secretariat of which is held by secrétariat est tenu par UNI. dessen Sekretariat von UNI gehalten wird.
UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the Cette Norme européenne devra recevoir le Diese Europäische Norm muss den Status
status of a national standard, either by statut de norme nationale, soit par publication einer nationalen Norm erhalten, entweder
publication of an identical text or by d'un texte identique, soit par entérinement, au durch Veröffentlichung eines identischen
endorsement, at the latest by April 2020, and plus tard en avril 2020, et toutes les normes Textes oder durch Anerkennung bis Mai 2020,
conflicting national standards shall be nationales en contradiction devront être und etwaige entgegenstehende nationale
withdrawn at the latest by May 2020. retirées au plus tard en mai 2020. Normen müssen bis Mai 2020 zurückgezogen
werden.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some L'attention est attirée sur le fait que certains Es wird auf die Möglichkeit hingewiesen, dass
of the elements of this document may be the des éléments du présent document peuvent einige Elemente dieses Dokuments Patent-
subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held faire l'objet de droits de propriété rechte berühren können. CEN ist nicht dafür
responsible for identifying any or all such intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. Le CEN verantwortlich, einige oder alle diesbe-
patent rights. ne saurait être tenu pour responsable de ne züglichen Patentrechte zu identifizieren.
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété
et averti de leur existence.
This document will supersede Le présent document est destiné à remplacer Dieses Dokument wird EN 15898:2011
EN 15898:2011. l’EN 15898:2011. ersetzen.
3
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The main differences between this document Les principales différences entre le présent Die wesentlichen Unterschiede zwischen die-
and EN 15898:2011 are: document et l'EN 15898:2011 sont les sem Dokument und EN 15898:2011 sind:
suivantes :
a) additional terms were added: a) des termes supplémentaires ont été a) Zusätzliche Begriffe wurden hinzugefügt:
ajoutés :
— accessibility; — accessibilité ; — Zugänglichkeit;
— agent of deterioration; — agent de dégradation ; — Schadensfaktor;
— conservation process; — processus de conservation-restaura- — Erhaltungsprozess;
tion ;
— conservation report; — rapport d’intervention ; — Konservierungsbericht;
— emergency response; — mesures d’urgence ; — Notfallmaßnahmen;
— Integrated Pest Management; — gestion intégrée des nuisibles ; — Integrierte Schädlingsbekämpfung;
— intervention; — intervention ; — Maßnahme;
— legibility; — lisibilité ; — Lesbarkeit;
— object identification; — identification du bien ; — Objektidentifikation;
— originality; — caractère d'origine ; — Originalität;
— structural stability; — stabilité structurelle ; — strukturelle Stabilität;
— surrogate; — reproduction pour substitution ; — Sekundärform;
b) modifications on some existing definitions b) quelques définitions et notes existantes b) Modifizierungen bei ein paar bestehenden
and notes were carried out; ont fait l'objet de modifications Definitionen und Anmerkungen wurden
mineures ; vorgenommen;
c) the Bibliography was updated and re- c) la Bibliographie a été mise à jour et c) die Literaturhinweise wurden aktualisiert
sorted; réorganisée ; und neu sortiert;
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d) the document was editorially revised. d) le document a été révisé au niveau d) das Dokument wurde redaktionell über-
éditorial. arbeitet.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Selon le Règlement Intérieur du CEN- Entsprechend der CEN-CENELEC-Geschäfts-
Regulations, the national standards CENELEC les instituts de normalisation ordnung sind die nationalen Normungs-
organisations of the following countries are nationaux des pays suivants sont tenus de institute der folgenden Länder gehalten, diese
bound to implement this European Standard: mettre cette Norme européenne en Europäische Norm zu übernehmen: Belgien,
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, application : Allemagne, Ancienne République Bulgarien, Dänemark, Deutschland, die
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Yougoslave de Macédoine, Autriche, Belgique, Republik Nordmazedonien, Estland, Finnland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Bulgarie, Chypre, Croatie, Danemark, Espagne, Frankreich, Griechenland, Irland, Island,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Estonie, Finlande, France, Grèce, Hongrie, Italien, Kroatien, Lettland, Litauen,
Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Irlande, Islande, Italie, Lettonie, Lituanie, Luxemburg, Malta, Niederlande, Norwegen,
Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Luxembourg, Malte, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Österreich, Polen, Portugal, Rumänien,
Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Pologne, Portugal, République de Macédoine Schweden, Schweiz, Serbien, Slowakei,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. du Nord, République Tchèque, Roumanie, Slowenien, Spanien, Tschechische Republik,
Royaume-Uni, Serbie, Slovaquie, Slovénie, Türkei, Ungarn, Vereinigtes Königreich und
Suède, Suisse et Turquie. Zypern.
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0 Introduction 0 Introduction 0 Einleitung
0.1 General observations 0.1 Observations générales 0.1 Allgemeines
This standard is part of a series of standards La présente norme fait partie d'une série de Die vorliegende Norm gehört zu einer Serie
being developed by CEN/TC 346. It provides normes élaborées par le CEN/TC 346. Elle von Normen, die von CEN/TC 346 entwickelt
terms and their definitions for a set of general fournit les termes et leurs définitions pour un werden. Sie bietet allgemeine Begriffe mit
concepts which are widely used by those ensemble de concepts généraux qui sont ihren Benennungen und Definitionen, die
working in the field of conservation of tangi- largement utilisés par les personnes weithin von den im Bereich der
ble cultural heritage. Its purpose is to bring travaillant dans le domaine de la conservation Konservierung von materiellem Kulturerbe
greater understanding and encourage collabo- du patrimoine culturel matériel. Elle a pour Tätigen verwendet werden. Der Zweck dieser
ration amongst those who have responsibility objectif d'améliorer la compréhension et Norm ist es, die Verständigung und
for or an interest in cultural heritage. The d'encourager la collaboration entre les Zusammenarbeit zwischen denjenigen zu
need for such agreement and clarification in personnes en charge du patrimoine culturel verbessern, die Verantwortung für das
ou ayant un intérêt pour celui-ci. La nécessité Kulturerbe tragen. Die Notwendigkeit einer
the use of conservation words — to avoid con-
fusion, to ensure that what one person means d'une telle convention et d'une clarification solchen Übereinkunft und vertieften Klärung
by a word corresponds with what another dans l'usage des termes liés à la conservation von Fachausdrücken der Konservierung ist in
person understands — has become increas- restauration - afin d'éviter toute confusion et den letzten Jahren zunehmend erkannt
1
de s'assurer que la signification d'un terme worden, um Verwechslungen zu vermeiden
ingly recognized in recent years . The defini-
pour une personne correspond à la und um sicherzustellen, dass, was eine Person
tion of the terms here will also help to ensure
compréhension qu'en a une autre personne - unter einem Wort versteht, auch dem
consistent use of words and concepts within
1
est devenue de plus en plus importante au
the other CEN/TC 346 conservation standards entspricht, was eine andere damit meint . Die
1
which define only those terms specific to each cours des dernières années . La définition des Definition der Fachausdrücke hier wird auch
individual standard. termes du présent document permettra entscheidend zur konsistenten Verwendung
également d'assurer un usage cohérent des von Fachwörtern und Begriffen innerhalb der
termes et des concepts dans les autres normes Gesamtheit der Normen des CEN/TC 346
relatives à la conservation des biens culturels, beitragen. Diese übrigen Normen werden nur
élaborées par le CEN/TC 346, qui définiront diejenigen Fachausdrücke definieren, die für
uniquement les termes spécifiques à chaque den jeweiligen Gegenstand dieser Normen
1
See Bibliography [59] and [60].
Voir Bibliographie [59] et [60].
Siehe Literaturhinweise [59] und [60].
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norme individuelle. spezifisch sind.
The focus of all the CEN/TC 346 standards is Toutes les normes du CEN/TC 346 portent sur Im Fokus aller CEN/TC 346-Normen steht das
on the tangible cultural heritage. However, le patrimoine culturel matériel. Toutefois, materielle Kulturerbe. Jedes kulturelle Objekt
every cultural object has intangible aspects. chaque bien culturel a des dimensions hat aber auch immaterielle Aspekte. Die Kon-
Conservation of the tangible, when properly immatérielles. La conservation-restauration servierung des Materiellen, wenn sie ange-
carried out, respects the intangible. de l'aspect matériel, lorsqu'elle est messen ausgeführt wird, respektiert stets das
convenablement réalisée, respecte cette Immaterielle.
dimension immatérielle.
The tangible cultural heritage comprises both Le patrimoine culturel matériel comprend à la Das materielle Kulturerbe umfasst sowohl
immovable objects (e.g. buildings, structures) fois des biens immobiliers (bâtiments, ortsfeste Objekte (z. B. Gebäude und andere
and movable objects (e.g. archival documents, structures, par exemple) et des biens Bauwerke) als auch bewegliche (z. B. Archiva-
2 2
mobiliers (documents d'archives, œuvres
works of art) . This document is an attempt to lien, Kunstwerke) . Dieses Dokument ist der
2
unify terminology that is used by all those d'art, par exemple) . Le présent document Versuch zur Vereinheitlichung der
working in the field of conservation of cultural constitue une tentative d'harmonisation de la Terminologie aller, die auf dem Gebiet der
heritage. This may occasionally require com- terminologie utilisée par toutes les personnes Konservierung des kulturellen Erbes tätig
promise based on current usage with the pos- travaillant dans le domaine de la conservation sind. Dazu sind gelegentlich Kompromisse
sibility that not every definition will apply du patrimoine culturel. Cela peut parfois erforderlich, die auf dem gegenwärtigen
equally in every sphere of activity. nécessiter des compromis fondés sur l'usage Gebrauch der Fachsprache basieren, was die
courant, avec l’éventualité que les définitions Möglichkeit einschließt, dass noch nicht jede
ne s'appliquent pas toutes de façon égale dans Definition jedem Arbeitsbereich mit
chaque sphère d'activité. gleichermaßen guter Feinabstimmung
2
This distinction is sometimes only approximate: a wall painting may be fixed to a building one day, but may be transferred to an art gallery another day.
There are some buildings which have been moved, e.g. to museums. In some cases movable objects (e.g. curtains, tapestries, wood panelling etc.) are
considered to be part of an immovable ensemble.
Cette distinction n’est parfois qu’approximative : une peinture murale peut, un jour, être solidaire de la structure d’un bâtiment, mais peut le lendemain se
retrouver transposée sur un support mobile dans une galerie d’art. La plupart des bâtiments sont immeubles, mais il existe des musées dans lesquels des
bâtiments ont été transférés. Dans certains cas, des biens mobiliers (par exemple : rideaux, tapisseries, boiseries, etc.) sont considérés comme faisant partie
d’un ensemble immobilier.
Diese Unterscheidung gelingt manchmal nur annäherungsweise: ein Wandgemälde kann an einem Tag noch fester Bestandteil eines Gebäudes sein, aber bald
darauf davon gelöst in einer Kunstgalerie gezeigt werden. Außerdem gibt es Gebäude, die beispielsweise in Museen umgesetzt worden sind. In einigen Fällen
werden bewegliche Objekte als Teil eines ortsfesten Ensembles betrachtet (z. B. Vorhänge, Tapisserien, Holzvertäfelungen usw.).
7
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angepasst ist.
The terms presented here have been selected Les termes définis dans le présent document Die in dieser Norm enthaltenen Einträge wur-
by professionals working with the immovable ont été sélectionnés par des professionnels den von Fachleuten ausgewählt, die mit be-
and movable heritage. Even though land- travaillant dans les domaines du patrimoine weglichem bzw. ortsfestem baulichen Kultur-
scapes, parks and gardens are also part of our immobilier et mobilier. Même si les paysages, erbe arbeiten. Obgleich Landschaften, Parks
human-made cultural heritage, this terminol- les parcs et les jardins font également partie und Gärten ebenfalls Teil unseres menschen-
ogy does not yet wholly relate to them, nor to de notre patrimoine culturel façonné par gemachten Kulturerbes sind, bezieht sich die
buried archaeological sites. Conservation of l'homme, cette terminologie ne leur est pas vorliegende Terminologie nicht vollständig
the digital heritage is likewise not fully em- encore entièrement applicable, ni aux sites auf sie, und auch beispielsweise nicht auf ver-
braced by this terminology, for which work is archéologiques enfouis. De la même manière, grabene archäologische Denkmäler. Auch die
being undertaken in other frameworks and cette terminologie ne concerne pas Konservierung des digitalen Kulturerbes wird
standards committees. complètement la conservation du patrimoine von dieser Terminologie nicht vollständig um-
numérique pour laquelle des travaux sont en fasst, sie wird in anderen Zusammenhängen
cours dans d'autres cadres et par d'autres und Normungskomitees erarbeitet.
comités de normalisation.
0.2 Development of this standard 0.2 Élaboration de la présente norme 0.2 Zur Entstehung dieser Norm
This edition updates the first edition and La présente édition met à jour la première Diese Ausgabe der Norm aktualisiert die erste
takes into account additional general terms édition et prend en compte les termes Ausgabe und berücksichtigt zusätzliche all-
found necessary in other standards produced généraux supplémentaires jugés nécessaires gemeine Begriffe, die in den anderen Normen
by CEN/TC 346. It is the result of wide consul- dans les autres normes produites par le von CEN/TC 346 notwendig sind. Sie ist das
tation, within the CEN framework, amongst CEN/TC 346. Elle est le fruit d'une large Ergebnis einer umfassenden Beratungsphase
experts from the European conservation consultation, dans le cadre du CEN, parmi les im Rahmen von CEN durch europäische Kon-
community. Individuals appointed by national experts de la communauté européenne du servierungsexperten. Die von den nationalen
standards bodies, together with their col- domaine de la conservation-restauration. Des Normungsinstituten nominierten Experten,
leagues at national level, have helped to refine personnalités, désignées par les organismes zusammen mit ihrer Kollegenschaft auf natio-
shared understanding and to improve these nationaux de normalisation, ont, en naler Ebene, haben daran mitgewirkt, ein ver-
definitions. collaboration avec leurs collègues au niveau tieftes gemeinsames Verständnis zu erreichen
national, contribué à affiner la compréhension und die vorliegenden Definitionen bestmög-
commune et à améliorer ces définitions. lich zu erstellen.
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SIST EN 15898:2020
EN 15898:2019 (E/F/D)
The conventions used are those recommend- Les conventions utilisées sont celles Die in dieser Norm befolgten Konventionen
ed in the documents CEN/CENELEC Internal recommandées dans les documents sind die der folgenden Dokumente:
Regulations — Part 3, ISO 704 and Règlement intérieur du CEN/CENELEC – CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations — Part 3,
3 3 3
ISO 10241-1. Only nouns are defined, not Partie 3, l’ISO 704 et l’ISO 10241-1:2011 . ISO 704 und ISO 10241-1 . Es werden nur
verbs or adjectives. Each definition aims to be Seuls des noms sont définis, et non des verbes Substantive definiert, keine Verben oder Ad-
a succinct summary of the concept as used ou des adjectifs. Chaque définition a pour jektive. Jede Definition zielt auf eine kurze und
across the field of conservation. Where it is objectif de constituer un résumé succinct du knappe Wiedergabe des Begriffs ab, wie er
necessary, some notes and examples are add- concept tel qu'il est utilisé dans le domaine de über das gesamte Feld der Konservierung
ed. As far as possible each definition should be la conservation-restauration. Lorsque cela est hinweg verwendet wird. Wo es nötig erschien,
able to replace its term when inserted into a nécessaire, des notes et des exemples sont sind Anmerkungen und Beispiele hinzugefügt.
relevant sentence. ajoutés. Il convient, dans la mesure du So weit wie möglich sollte jede Definition ge-
possible, que chaque définition puisse eignet sein, an die Stelle der zu ihr gehören-
remplacer le terme correspondant dans une den Benennung zu treten, wenn sie in den
phrase pertinente. entsprechenden Satz eingefügt wird.
This standard has been adopted in the three La présente norme a été adoptée dans les trois Diese Norm ist in den drei offiziellen Sprachen
official CEN languages (English, French and langues officielles du CEN (allemand, anglais des CEN angenommen worden (Englisch,
German) on the basis of a working document et français) sur la base d'un document de Französisch, Deutsch), basierend auf einem
prepared in English. For some concepts there travail rédigé en anglais. Pour certains englischsprachigen Arbeitsdokument. Für
is no direct equivalent term between lan- concepts, il n'existe pas de terme directement einige Begriffe gibt es möglicherweise keine
guages, so expanded phrasing is provided. équivalent entre les langues ; dans ce cas, une direkte Benennung in einigen anderen Spra-
périphrase est fournie. chen, daher wird dann eine erweiterte Formu-
lierung erstellt.
3
See Bib
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15898:2018
01-november-2018
2KUDQMDQMHNXOWXUQHGHGLãþLQH6SORãQLL]UD]LLQGHILQLFLMH
Conservation of cultural heritage - Main general terms and definitions
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Allgemeine Begriffe
Conservation de patrimoine culturel - Principaux termes généraux et définitions
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15898:2018
ICS:
01.040.97 Oprema za dom in trgovino. Domestic and commercial
Razvedrilo. Šport (Slovarji) equipment. Entertainment.
Sports (Vocabularies)
97.195 8PHWQLãNLLQREUWQLãNLL]GHONL Items of art and handicrafts.
.XOWXUQHGREULQHLQNXOWXUQD Cultural property and
GHGLãþLQD heritage
oSIST prEN 15898:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 15898:2018
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 15898
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2018
ICS 01.040.97; 97.195 Will supersede EN 15898:2011
English Version
Conservation of cultural heritage - Main general terms and
definitions
Conservation du patrimoine culturel - Principaux Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Allgemeine Begriffe
termes généraux et définitions correspondantes
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 346.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15898:2018:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
0 Introduction . 4
0.1 General observations . 4
0.2 Development of this standard . 4
0.3 References and sources . 5
0.4 Conservation practice . 5
0.5 The structure of the document and how to use it . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
3.1 Cultural heritage terms . 7
3.2 Condition terms . 9
3.3 Conservation terms . 11
3.4 Preventive conservation terms . 13
3.5 Remedial conservation and restoration terms . 14
3.6 Planning and documentation terms . 16
Bibliography . 18
Index (English) . 22
Index (French) . 24
Index (German) . 26
2
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European foreword
This document (prEN 15898:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 346
“Conservation of cultural heritage”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
The main differences between this document and EN 15898:2011 are:
a) additional terms were added:
— accessibility;
— agent of deterioration;
— conservation process;
— conservation report;
— Integrated Pest Management;
— intervention;
— legibility;
— object identification;
— originality;
— surrogate;
b) minor modifications on existing definitions and notes were carried out;
c) the Bibliography was updated and resorted;
d) the document was editorially revised.
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0 Introduction
0.1 General observations
This standard is part of a series of standards being developed by CEN/TC 346. It provides terms and
their definitions for a set of general concepts which are widely used by those working in the field of
conservation of tangible cultural heritage. Its purpose is to bring greater understanding and encourage
collaboration amongst those who have responsibility for or an interest in cultural heritage. The need for
such agreement and clarification in the use of conservation words - to avoid confusion, to ensure that
what one person means by a word corresponds with what another person understands - has become
1)
increasingly recognized in recent years . The definition of the terms here, as well as in the
accompanying prEN 17135:2017, will also help to ensure consistent use of words and concepts within
the other CEN/TC 346 conservation standards which define only those terms specific to each individual
standard.
The focus of all the CEN/TC 346 standards is on the tangible cultural heritage. However, every cultural
object has intangible aspects. Conservation of the tangible, when properly carried out, respects the
intangible.
The tangible cultural heritage comprises both immovable objects (e.g. buildings, structures) and
2)
movable objects (e.g. archival documents, works of art) .Those working in these two broad areas have
tended to use some conservation words in subtly different ways, and to use words in one field which
are not used in the other. This attempt to unify terminology may require occasional compromise. This is
a reflection of current usage with the possibility that not every definition will sit equally well within
each sphere of activity.
The terms presented here have been selected by professionals working with the movable and built
heritage. Even though landscapes, parks and gardens are also part of our human-made cultural heritage,
this terminology does not yet wholly relate to them, nor to buried archaeological sites. Conservation of
the digital heritage is likewise not embraced by this terminology, for which work is being undertaken in
other frameworks and standards committees.
0.2 Development of this standard
The first edition of this standard was the result of four years of consultation, within the CEN framework,
amongst experts from the European conservation community. Individuals appointed by national
standards bodies, together with their colleagues at national level, have helped to refine shared
understanding and to improve these definitions. This edition updates the first edition and takes into
account additional general terms necessary in other standards produced by CEN/TC 346.
The conventions used are those recommended in the documents CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations –
3)
Part 3, ISO 704 and ISO 10241-1:2011 .Only nouns are defined, not verbs or adjectives. Each definition
aims to be a succinct summary of the concept as used across the field of conservation. Where it is
necessary, some notes and examples are added. As far as possible each definition should be able to
replace its term when inserted into a relevant sentence.
1)
See Bibliography [59] and [60].
2)
This distinction is sometimes only approximate: a wall painting may be fixed to a building one day, but
may be transferred to an art gallery another day. Most buildings are immovable, but there are some museums to which
buildings have been moved. In some cases movable objects (e.g. curtains, tapestries, wood panelling etc.) are considered
to be part of an immovable ensemble.
3)
See Bibliography [59], [60] and [61].
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This standard has been adopted in the three official CEN languages (English, French and German) on the
basis of a working document prepared in English. For some concepts there is no direct equivalent term
between languages, so expanded phrasing is provided.
A CEN terminology standard in the field of conservation cannot be expected to resolve all issues and so
is unlikely to meet with universal agreement. Like all standards, it will change in response to those
using it and to changing practice, as well as the flux of language over the years.
Users are encouraged to suggest improvements to their national standards bodies. Comments will be
compiled for use in the next edition.
0.3 References and sources
The reference for the meaning of common English words used in the definitions follows established
4)
usage . Many sources listed in the bibliography have been valuable in guiding the development of the
definitions, particularly charters and guidelines established by international professional bodies.
Since 1964, the Venice Charter, and later the Burra Charter, have guided reflection and development of
the terms and practices used in conservation and restoration, especially of the built heritage and
5)
historic environment . The definitions of four terms presented here (‘conservation’, ‘preventive
conservation’, ‘remedial conservation’, ‘restoration’) were developed in parallel with those of ICOM-CC
[7] and so have considerable commonality, but they are not identical. Whereas the ICOM-CC
terminology uses ‘conservation’ as the umbrella term, such is the strength of feeling about current
practice in some European countries and organisations about the term ‘conservation-restoration’ that
the latter is included as a synonym of ‘conservation’. It should also be noted that the ICOM-CC
definitions are used primarily in the field of movable heritage.
In certain European countries some of the terms defined by the present standard (e.g. ‘cultural
heritage’, ‘alteration’, ‘restoration’) have an official or legal meaning which can vary amongst those
countries. Most of the countries within the EU have endorsed in their national regulations the EU
Directives relating to illicit trade and the export of cultural heritage. Some of those directives contain
6)
translations of some common terms and their meanings , which may differ from the definitions offered
here. In this standard, “cultural heritage” has been chosen in preference to “cultural property”, with its
narrower connotations of ownership.
0.4 Conservation practice
The practice of conservation varies between countries and cultures around the world. The process of
7)
making decisions in conservation is rarely straightforward . Many factors have to be taken into
account, some of them identified in the condition survey, others determined by ‘significance‘, others
deriving from the context and current use or following from discoveries made during the work. This
document cannot be seen as a substitute for the exercise of professional judgement in making decisions,
4)
See Bibliography [44].
5)
See Bibliography [9] and [14].
6)
Council Directive 93/7/EEC of 15 March 1993 on the return of cultural objects unlawfully removed from the
territory of a member state.
Council Regulation (EC) No 116/2009 of 18 December 2008 on the export of cultural goods.
7)
See Bibliography [30].
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often in collaboration with others, backed up by appropriate education, training, skills, qualifications
8)
and experience .
Laws and regulations in some CEN member countries may contain specific rules relating to professional
qualifications and/or methods of control for interventions. Furthermore, various international and
national organisations have been developing professional qualifications, standards and guidelines
which increasingly help to identify those who are equipped to contribute to conservation decisions and
to implement them.
In some countries the term ‘restoration’ may be taken to mean the whole conservation project, either to
maintain some current state or to establish some former state.
0.5 The structure of the document and how to use it
The arrangement of terms reflects the ways in which heritage professionals approach the conservation
of cultural heritage. At its root is consideration of what is to be conserved, its significance and its
condition. Conservation terms then reflect underlying principles and are divided between categories
identifying, on the one hand preventive actions, and on the other, remedial and restoration actions.
Terms such as ‘rehabilitation’ and ‘renovation’ straddle the boundary of what is considered
conservation, depending on their adherence to underlying principles, such as respect for evidence.
Documentation of all stages of conservation is an essential part of the overall process of conservation
planning. All these concepts and their interrelations are specified in EN 16853.
Not everyone will find this structure immediately applicable, so an alphabetical index is provided (in
the three languages) which readers may wish to consult, especially if searching for a particular term.
Given the unpredictable, often complex and multi-faceted nature of conservation practice, the
groupings of terms should not be considered rigid, though it is hoped that many will find it helpful. In
order to improve consistency and to help with cross-referencing, definitions using terms which are
defined elsewhere in the standard are distinguished by being printed in bold type.
8)
See EN 16853 (conservation process).
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1 Scope
This document defines the main general terms used in the field of conservation of cultural heritage with
particular attention to those terms which have wide use or significance.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Cultural heritage terms
3.1.1
cultural heritage (en)
patrimoine culturel (fr)
kulturelles Erbe (de), Kulturerbe (Syn.) (de)
tangible and intangible entities of significance to present and future generations
3.1.2
tangible cultural heritage (en)
patrimoine culturel matériel (fr)
materielles Kulturerbe (de)
material expression of cultural heritage
Note 1 to entry: Tangible cultural heritage may be movable or immovable.
3.1.3
object (en)
bien (fr), bien culturel (Syn.) (fr)
Objekt (de)
single manifestation of tangible cultural heritage
Note 1 to entry: The term “object” is used in this standard for cultural heritage, both immovable and movable.
In specific professional contexts, other terms are used: e.g. “artefact”, “cultural property”, “item”, “ensemble”,
“site”, “building”, “monument”, “specimen”, “structure”, “cultural landscape”, “document”.
3.1.4
object identification (en)
identification (fr)
Objektidentifikation (de)
process of recognising the characteristics and significance of an object, ensemble or collection
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3.1.5
collection (en)
collection (fr)
Sammlung (de)
group of objects having shared or combined significance
Note 1 to entry: The term “collection” is mainly used within “movable cultural heritage”. In the context of
immovable cultural heritage other terms are used: e.g. historic ensemble, historic site, conservation area, historic
garden.
3.1.6
value (en)
valeur (fr)
Wert (de)
aspect of importance that individuals, communities or society assign(s) to an object, ensemble or
collection in a particular context
Note 1 to entry: Values can be of different types, for example: artistic, symbolic, historical, social, economic,
scientific, educational, technological, functional etc.
Note 2 to entry: The assigned value can change according to circumstance, e.g. how the judgement is made, the
context and the moment in time. Value should always be indicated by its qualifying type.
3.1.7
significance (en)
intérêt patrimonial (fr)
Bedeutung (de)
combination of all the values assigned to an object, ensemble or collection
3.1.8
authenticity (en)
authenticité (fr)
Authentizität (de)
degree of alignment between an object and the identity attributed to it
Note 1 to entry: The concept of authenticity should not be confused with the concept of originality.
3.1.9
originality (en)
état d’origine (fr), originalité (Syn.) (fr)
Originalität (de)
element(s) of an object that existed at the point and time of its formation
3.1.10
context (en)
contexte (fr)
Kontext (de)
all circumstances, past, present and/or future, affecting significance
Note 1 to entry: Context refers to the circumstances, tangible and intangible, in which an object is created,
constructed, used, worshipped, found, excavated, collected, kept, presented, etc.
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3.1.11
accessibility (en)
accessibilité (fr)
Zugänglichkeit (de)
opportunity to engage with an object, physically and/or intellectually
3.2 Condition terms
3.2.1
condition (en)
état (fr)
Erhaltungszustand (de)
physical state of an object at a particular time
3.2.2
environment (en)
environnement (fr)
Umwelt (de), Umgebung (Syn.) (de)
surroundings of an object, some aspects of which may affect its condition
Note 1 to entry: Such aspects could be of human, physical, chemical, biological or climatic origin.
3.2.3
integrity (en)
intégrité (fr)
Integrität (de)
extent of physical or conceptual wholeness of an object
3.2.4
alteration (en)
modification d’état (fr)
Veränderung (de)
change in condition, beneficial or not, intentional or not
3.2.5
defect (en)
défaut (fr), malfaçon (Syn.) (fr)
Defekt (de)
imperfection of an object due to its conception, its production or its construction process or to the
nature of the materials employed
Note 1 to entry: “Malfaçon” is used in French in the field of immovable cultural heritage for a defect in the
production of an object.
3.2.6
ageing (en)
vieillissement (fr)
Alterung (de)
natural alteration over time
Note 1 to entry: Ageing can also be artificially achieved or simulated.
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3.2.7
damage (en)
altération (fr), dégradation (Syn.) (fr), désordre (Syn.) (fr), pathologie (Syn.) (fr), détérioration
(Syn.) (fr), dommage (Syn.) (fr), dégât (Syn.) (fr)
Schaden (de), Beschädigung (Syn.) (de)
non-beneficial alteration
Note 1 to entry: Although damage is unbeneficial to the object, it may sometimes be considered as broadening
significance, e.g. traces of war on an object.
Note 2 to entry: According to the context, the French terms “dégradation” and “déterioration” can also be used
to describe a complete worsening of condition, possibly intentional.
3.2.8
deterioration (en)
dégradation (fr), détérioration (Syn.) (fr), decomposition (Syn.) (fr), délabrement (Syn.) (fr)
Abbau (de), Verfall (Syn.) (de), Zerfall (Syn.) (de)
unintentional alteration that reduces significance or stability
Note 1 to entry: This term can also refer to the process itself.
Note 2 to entry: Degradation is gradual deterioration.
Note 3 to entry: The term “decay” is sometimes used as a synonym.
Note 4 to entry: Stability can be physical, chemical, biological, etc.
3.2.9
stability (en)
stabilité (fr)
Stabilität (de)
capacity to resist physical, chemical or biological alteration
Note 1 to entry: The action of achieving stability is called stabilization.
3.2.10
structural stability (en)
stabilité structurelle (fr)
strukturelle Stabilität (de)
capacity of an object to remain in equilibrium under applied forces without losing its mechanical
strength
3.2.11
weathering (en)
altération due aux conditions climatiques (fr)
Verwitterung (de)
alteration due to exposure to outdoor environment
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3.2.12
agent of deterioration (en)
agent de dégradation (fr), agent d'altération (Syn.) (fr)
Schadfaktor (de), Abbaufaktor (Syn.), schädlicher Einfluss (Syn.) (de)
hazard that is considered to cause deterioration to cultural heritage
Note 1 to entry: The Canadian Conservation Institute lists the following agents: 1. physical forces; 2. thieves and
vandals 3. fire; 4. water; 5. pests; 6. pollutants; 7. light, UV and IR; 8. incorrect temperature; 9. incorrect relative
humidity; 10. dissociation.
3.3 Conservation terms
3.3.1
conservation (en), conservation-restoration (Syn.) (en)
conservation (fr), conservation-restauration (Syn.) (fr)
Konservierung (de), Konservierung-Restaurierung (Syn.) (de), Bestandserhaltung (Syn.) (de)
measures and actions aimed at safeguarding cultural heritage while respecting its significance,
including its accessibility to present and future generations
Note 1 to entry: Conservation includes preventive conservation, remedial conservation and restoration
(see [20]).
Note 2 to entry: The term “preservation” is also used, e.g. in libraries and archives.
Note 3 to entry: All conservation actions are based on documentary and/or material evidence (see [9]).
3.3.2
conservation process (en), conservation-restoration process (Syn.) (en)
processus de conservation-restauration (fr)
Erhaltungsprozess (de), Konservierungs-Restaurierungsprozess (Syn.) (de)
process of decision-making, planning and implementing the conservation of tangible cultural heritage
3.3.3
intervention (en)
intervention (fr)
Maßnahme (de)
any intentional action on an object, ensemble or collection
3.3.4
legibility (en)
lisibilité (fr)
Lesbarkeit (de)
extent to which the outcome of an intervention is detectable by visual observation
Note 1 to entry: Legibility also refers to the readability of the object itself.
3.3.5
reversibility (en)
réversibilité (fr)
Reversibilität (de)
extent to which a intervention can be undone without damage to the object
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3.3.6
compatibility (en)
compatibilité (fr)
Kompatibilität (de)
extent to which one material can be used with another material without putting significance or
stability at risk
Note 1 to entry: This relates to conservation materials or to components of the object.
3.3.7
durability (en)
durabilité (fr)
Haltbarkeit (de)
capacity to resist the effects of wear and tear in performance situations
Note 1 to entry: Durability should not be confused with “permanence”.
[SOURCE: ISO 11798:1999, 3.3, modified – “ability” was replaced by “capacity”, note 1 to entry was
added]
3.3.8
preventive conservation (en)
conservation préventive (fr), mesures de prévention (Syn.) (fr)
präventive Konservierung (de)
measures and actions aimed at avoiding or minimizing future damage, deterioration, loss and
consequently, any invasive intervention
Note 1 to entry: In the field of movable heritage, “preventive conservation” is generally indirect; namely, these
measures and actions are carried out within the immediate environment of the object.
3.3.9
remedial conservation (en)
conservation curative (fr), interventions curatives (Syn.) (fr)
stabilisierende Konservierung (de), Sicherungsmaßnahme (Syn.) (de)
actions applied directly to an object to arrest or slow deterioration and/or to limit damage
3.3.10
restoration (en)
restauration (fr)
Restaurierung (de)
actions applied to a stable or stabilized object aimed at facilitating its appreciation, understanding
and/or use, while respecting and/or revealing its significance and the materials and techniques used
Note 1 to entry: In some professional communities, especially in the field of immovable cultural heritage, the
term restoration traditionally covers the whole field of conservation.
Note 2 to entry: Remedial conservation is often carried out at the same time as restoration.
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3.3.11
surrogate (en)
reproduction (fr)
Sekundärform (de), Ersatzform (Syn.) (de)
reproduction of an object, possibly in a different form, in order to provide access while protecting it
Note 1 to entry: Mainly used in libraries and archives.
3.3.12
Integrated Pest Management (en), IPM (Syn.) (en)
Gestion intégrée des nuisibles (fr), IPM (Syn.) (fr)
Integrierte Schädlingsbekämpfung (de), IPM (Syn.) (de)
holistic strategy combining various approaches to reduce and deal with pest problems
Note 1 to entry: The building, the climate in the building, collection management, cleaning, monitoring,
documentation, training and education are all included in the concept.
[SOURCE: EN 16790:2016, 3.6]
3.4 Preventive conservation terms
3.4.1
maintenance (en)
entretien (fr)
Objektpflege (de), Instandhaltung (Syn.) (de)
periodic conservation actions aimed at sustaining an object in an appropriate condition to retain its
significance
EXAMPLES Cleaning guttering, oiling working machinery, dusting furniture, etc.
3.4.2
collection care (en)
entretien d'une collection (fr), suivi d'une collection (Syn.) (fr)
Sammlungspflege (de)
preventive conservation applied to a collection
3.4.3
environmental control (en)
maîtrise de l’environnement (fr)
Umgebungskontrolle (de)
management of one or more factors of the environment
Note 1 to entry: This applies to temperature, relative humidity, light, pollution, pests etc.
3.4.4
monitoring (en)
suivi de l’état de conservation (fr), contrôle (Syn.) (fr), monitorage (Syn.) (fr), surveillance (Syn.)
(fr)
Überwachung (de)
collecting and assessing data pertaining to an object, ensemble or collection and/or their environment
over time
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3.4.5
risk assessment (en)
appréciation des risques (fr)
Risikobeurteilung (de)
process of identification, analysis and evaluation of risks that might alter signi
...
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