SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026
(Main)Horizontal methods for molecular biomarker analysis - Methods of analysis for the detection of genetically modified organisms and derived products - Part 10: Construct- and event-specific detection methods for genetically modified salmon expressing CS-GHc2 growth hormone (ISO/TS 21569 10:2026)
- Abstract
This document specifies procedures for the detection of a DNA sequence of a construct used to (genetically) enhance the growth of fish commonly found in aquaculture. The genetically modified AquAdvantage Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) carries the construct expressing CS-GHc2 growth hormone and can be detected based on a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting either the border between the growth hormone coding sequence (CS-GHc2) of Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Chinook salmon) and the antifreeze terminator (T-AFP) of (Macro-) Zoarces americanus (ocean pout), i.e. with the construct-specific method, or the border between the Atlantic salmon genomic DNA and the antifreeze promoter (P-AFP) of ocean pout, i.e. with the event-specific method. These methods can be applied to identify the genetically modified (GM) fish or for screening purposes.
This document is applicable for the analysis of DNA extracted from foodstuffs. It can also be suitable for the analysis of DNA extracted from other products such as feedstuffs. The application of these methods requires the extraction of an adequate amount of amplifiable DNA from the relevant matrix.
- Status
- Published
- Public Enquiry End Date
- 26-Apr-2026
- Publication Date
- 06-Jul-2026
- Technical Committee
- KŽP - Agricultural food products
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 11-Jun-2026
- Due Date
- 16-Aug-2026
- Completion Date
- 07-Jul-2026
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 is a CEN Technical Specification, identical in text to ISO/TS 21569-10:2026, for detecting genetically modified salmon expressing CS-GHc2 growth hormone. It specifies two real-time PCR methods - a construct-specific method and an event-specific method - for AquAdvantage Atlantic salmon, mainly for analysis of DNA from foodstuffs and, where suitable, feedstuffs.
What does SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 specify?
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 specifies procedures for detecting a DNA sequence used to enhance fish growth in aquaculture. In practice, it gives laboratories two target options: one method looks for the CS-GHc2 - T-AFP construct, and the other looks for the Atlantic salmon genome - P-AFP event.
The document is organized into 10 clauses: scope, normative references, terms and definitions, principle, reagents and materials, apparatus, procedure, accept/reject criteria, validation status and performance criteria, and test report. That structure matters because it takes the user from sample preparation through PCR setup, result interpretation, and validation evidence.
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 applies to DNA extracted from foodstuffs and can also be suitable for feedstuffs. The analysis depends on extracting enough amplifiable DNA from the relevant matrix, so sample quality and extraction performance are part of the practical starting point.
What are the key requirements of SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026?
Sample handling and DNA extraction
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 expects the test sample to represent the laboratory sample, for example by grinding or homogenizing. Clause 7 then points the user to ISO 21571:2005 for DNA extraction. In practice, this means the method is not just a PCR recipe - the sample preparation step has to preserve a DNA fraction that can actually be amplified.
Clause 4 also states that verification of the amount, quality, and amplifiability of extracted DNA is a separate step, not part of the detection method itself. That matters because a negative PCR result is only meaningful if the DNA extract is fit for amplification.
PCR design and target choice
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 uses real-time PCR with a hydrolysis probe. The construct-specific method targets the border between the CS-GHc2 coding sequence from Chinook salmon and the T-AFP terminator from ocean pout, while the event-specific method targets the border between Atlantic salmon genomic DNA and the P-AFP promoter from ocean pout. In practice, that gives users a way to identify the GM salmon itself or to screen for the transgene insertion.
Clause 5 lists the core reagents and materials, including analytical-grade chemicals, PCR-grade water, contamination control measures, and the oligonucleotides in Table 1. For laboratories, this means careful reagent handling is part of the method, not an optional add-on.
Reaction setup and cycling conditions
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 describes a 25 μl PCR reaction. The construct-specific method uses up to 200 ng sample DNA, while the event-specific method uses 5 μl diluted DNA up to 50 ng. Clause 7.3 also requires controls in the run, including an extraction blank control, a positive DNA target control, a negative control, and a PCR inhibition control.
The temperature-time programme in Clause 7.4 was validated with 45 amplification cycles. The construct-specific method uses annealing/elongation at 60 °C, while the event-specific method uses 57 °C. In practice, this gives laboratories a working starting point, but the standard notes that instruments and master mixes may require adjustment.
Result interpretation
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 accepts a target as detected when the amplification curve is sigmoid, fluorescence rises as expected with the specific primer-probe set, and the no-template controls remain negative. The positive target control and inhibition control must also give the expected Cq values. That combination helps separate a true target signal from contamination or PCR failure.
The validation note in Clause 8 reports that event-specific reactions with Cq below 43 were treated as positive. Users should read that as a performance note from the validation work, not as a general substitute for the full acceptance criteria.
Validation evidence and performance
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 includes validation status and performance criteria in Clause 9. For sensitivity, the construct-specific method reached at least 5 copies per reaction in the collaborative study, and the event-specific method reached at least 25 copies per reaction in single-laboratory validation. That gives users a realistic sense of how little target DNA the methods can detect under the conditions studied.
Specificity testing covered a broad set of non-target fish, mammals, plants, and fungi, with no non-specific amplification in the tested non-target samples. Robustness was examined across different laboratories and real-time PCR instruments. For buyers and quality managers, this means the methods were not validated only on one sample set or one machine.
The collaborative study also showed one practical difference between the two methods. The construct-specific method performed without false-positive or false-negative results in the blind samples, while the event-specific method produced no false positives but did show some false negatives in the blind sample study. That is important when choosing the method for screening versus confirmatory work.
What terms does SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 define?
- Construct-specific method - A real-time PCR method that targets the CS-GHc2 - T-AFP construct inserted in the AquAdvantage salmon genome.
- Event-specific method - A real-time PCR method that targets the insertion junction between Atlantic salmon genomic DNA and the P-AFP event.
- Real-time PCR - A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that monitors fluorescence during amplification, so the target can be detected as the reaction runs.
- Hydrolysis probe - A fluorescent probe that binds the target sequence between the primers and generates a signal during amplification.
- Cq - The cycle number at which the fluorescence signal first crosses the threshold used for evaluation.
- LOD95 - The limit of detection at 95% probability, meaning the concentration where the target is detected in 95% of replicates.
- Amplifiable DNA - DNA extracted in a form that can still be copied by PCR, which is necessary for a meaningful result.
Who uses SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026?
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 is used by laboratories that test foodstuffs and feedstuffs for genetically modified salmon DNA. That includes official control laboratories, food and feed analysts, and molecular biology laboratories that run GMO screening or confirmation tests.
It is also relevant for quality managers and buyers in the aquaculture and food supply chain who need a documented method for checking whether a sample contains AquAdvantage Atlantic salmon. In practice, they use it to decide which samples to test, how to interpret a result, and what controls to expect in the report.
What changed in SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 from the previous edition?
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 supersedes EN ISO 21569:2005 and EN ISO 21569:2005/A1:2013.
Which standards are used with SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026?
- ISO 16577 - Provides the vocabulary for molecular biomarker analytical methods in agriculture and food production.
- ISO 21569 - Gives the horizontal framework for qualitative nucleic acid-based methods used for GMO detection.
- ISO 21571:2005 - Covers nucleic acid extraction, which Clause 4 and Clause 7 use for the DNA preparation step.
- ISO 24276 - Provides general requirements and definitions for GMO detection methods, including reporting and inhibition control.
- ISO 5725 (all parts) - Used as the accuracy and precision framework for the interlaboratory trial work described in Clause 9.
- CEN/TS 17329-2 - Gives collaborative-study validation guidance for qualitative real-time PCR methods.
- ISO/IEC 17025 - Cited for test reporting in competent testing and calibration laboratories.
What does the SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 document contain?
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 contains the two detection methods, the supporting reagent list, apparatus requirements, sample preparation and DNA extraction steps, PCR setup, cycling conditions, and the criteria for accepting or rejecting a result. Tables 1 to 3 provide the oligonucleotides, reaction setup, and temperature-time programme.
It also includes specificity testing against non-target organisms, validation evidence from single-laboratory and interlaboratory studies, and summary tables of detection performance. The validation section shows standard-curve behavior, limit-of-detection data, and blind-sample outcomes for both the construct-specific and event-specific methods.
The bibliography points users to the method-development papers, collaborative-study guidance, and laboratory competence requirements that support implementation.
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2026
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2026
- Effective Date
- 10-Jun-2026
- Effective Date
- 10-Jun-2026
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Frequently Asked Questions
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 is a technical specification published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Horizontal methods for molecular biomarker analysis - Methods of analysis for the detection of genetically modified organisms and derived products - Part 10: Construct- and event-specific detection methods for genetically modified salmon expressing CS-GHc2 growth hormone (ISO/TS 21569 10:2026)". This standard covers: This document specifies procedures for the detection of a DNA sequence of a construct used to (genetically) enhance the growth of fish commonly found in aquaculture. The genetically modified AquAdvantage Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) carries the construct expressing CS-GHc2 growth hormone and can be detected based on a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting either the border between the growth hormone coding sequence (CS-GHc2) of Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Chinook salmon) and the antifreeze terminator (T-AFP) of (Macro-) Zoarces americanus (ocean pout), i.e. with the construct-specific method, or the border between the Atlantic salmon genomic DNA and the antifreeze promoter (P-AFP) of ocean pout, i.e. with the event-specific method. These methods can be applied to identify the genetically modified (GM) fish or for screening purposes. This document is applicable for the analysis of DNA extracted from foodstuffs. It can also be suitable for the analysis of DNA extracted from other products such as feedstuffs. The application of these methods requires the extraction of an adequate amount of amplifiable DNA from the relevant matrix.
This document specifies procedures for the detection of a DNA sequence of a construct used to (genetically) enhance the growth of fish commonly found in aquaculture. The genetically modified AquAdvantage Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) carries the construct expressing CS-GHc2 growth hormone and can be detected based on a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting either the border between the growth hormone coding sequence (CS-GHc2) of Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Chinook salmon) and the antifreeze terminator (T-AFP) of (Macro-) Zoarces americanus (ocean pout), i.e. with the construct-specific method, or the border between the Atlantic salmon genomic DNA and the antifreeze promoter (P-AFP) of ocean pout, i.e. with the event-specific method. These methods can be applied to identify the genetically modified (GM) fish or for screening purposes. This document is applicable for the analysis of DNA extracted from foodstuffs. It can also be suitable for the analysis of DNA extracted from other products such as feedstuffs. The application of these methods requires the extraction of an adequate amount of amplifiable DNA from the relevant matrix.
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 67.050 - General methods of tests and analysis for food products; 67.120.30 - Fish and fishery products. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN ISO 21569:2005, SIST EN ISO 21569:2005/A1:2013, SIST-TS CEN/TS 16707:2014, SIST-TS CEN/TS 15568:2007. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2026
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 21569:2005
SIST EN ISO 21569:2005/A1:2013
Horizontalne metode za analizo molekularnih biomarkerjev - Analitske metode za
določanje gensko spremenjenih organizmov in njihovih proizvodov - 10. del:
Metode določanja, ki so specifične za konstrukte in dogodke gensko
spremenjenega lososa, ki izraža rastni hormon CS-GHc2 (ISO/TS 21569 10:2026)
Horizontal methods for molecular biomarker analysis - Methods of analysis for the
detection of genetically modified organisms and derived products - Part 10: Construct-
and event-specific detection methods for genetically modified salmon expressing CS-
GHc2 growth hormone (ISO/TS 21569 10:2026)
Horizontale Verfahren für die molekulare Biomarker-Analyse - Verfahren zum Nachweis
von gentechnisch modifizierten Organismen und ihren Produkten - Teil 10: Konstrukt-
und ereignisspezifische Nachweisverfahren für gentechnisch veränderten Lachs, der das
Wachstumshormon CS-GHc2 exprimiert (ISO/TS 21569 10:2026)
Méthodes horizontales pour l'analyse de biomarqueurs moléculaires - Méthodes
d'analyse pour la détection des organismes génétiquement modifiés et des produits
dérivés - Partie 10: Méthodes de détection spécifiques à la construction et à l'événement
pour le saumon génétiquement modifié exprimant l'hormone de croissance CS-GHc2
(ISO/TS 21569 10:2026)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026
ICS:
67.120.30 Ribe in ribji proizvodi Fish and fishery products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
CEN ISO/TS 21569-10
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
June 2026
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 67.120.30 Supersedes EN ISO 21569:2005, EN ISO
21569:2005/A1:2013
English Version
Horizontal methods for molecular biomarker analysis -
Methods of analysis for the detection of genetically
modified organisms and derived products - Part 10:
Construct- and event-specific detection methods for
genetically modified salmon expressing CS-GHc2 growth
hormone (ISO/TS 21569 10:2026)
Méthodes horizontales pour l'analyse de biomarqueurs Horizontale Verfahren für die molekulare Biomarker-
moléculaires - Méthodes d'analyse pour la détection Analyse - Verfahren zum Nachweis von gentechnisch
des organismes génétiquement modifiés et des modifizierten Organismen und ihren Produkten - Teil
produits dérivés - Partie 10: Méthodes de détection 10: Konstrukt- und ereignisspezifische
spécifiques à la construction et à l'événement pour le Nachweisverfahren für gentechnisch veränderten
saumon génétiquement modifié exprimant l'hormone Lachs, der das Wachstumshormon CS-GHc2 exprimiert
de croissance CS-GHc2 (ISO/TS 21569 10:2026) (ISO/TS 21569 10:2026)
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 28 May 2026 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34
"Food products" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 275 “Food analysis - Horizontal
methods” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 21569:2005, EN ISO 21569:2005/A1:2013.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 has been approved by CEN as CEN ISO/TS 21569-10:2026 without
any modification.
Technical
Specification
ISO/TS 21569-10
First edition
Horizontal methods for molecular
2026-05
biomarker analysis — Methods
of analysis for the detection of
genetically modified organisms and
derived products —
Part 10:
Construct- and event-specific
detection methods for genetically
modified salmon expressing CS-
GHc2 growth hormone
Méthodes horizontales pour l'analyse de biomarqueurs
moléculaires — Méthodes d'analyse pour la détection des
organismes génétiquement modifiés et des produits dérivés —
Partie 10: Méthodes de détection spécifiques à la construction et
à l'événement pour le saumon génétiquement modifié exprimant
l'hormone de croissance CS-GHc2
Reference number
ISO/TS 21569-10:2026(en) © ISO 2026
ISO/TS 21569-10:2026(en)
© ISO 2026
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO/TS 21569-10:2026(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Reagents and materials . 2
6 Apparatus . 3
7 Procedure . 3
7.1 Preparation of test samples .3
7.2 DNA extraction .3
7.3 PCR setup.3
7.4 Temperature-time programme.4
8 Accept/reject criteria . 4
8.1 General .4
8.2 Detection .5
9 Validation status and performance criteria . 5
9.1 Sensitivity .5
9.2 Specificity .5
9.3 Robustness of the two methods .7
9.4 Interlaboratory trial for the construct-specific detection method .7
9.4.1 General .7
9.4.2 PCR efficiency and limit of detection (LOD ) .8
95 %
9.4.3 False-positive and false-negative rates for DNA samples (blind samples) .9
9.5 Interlaboratory trial for the event-specific detection method .10
9.5.1 General .10
9.5.2 Validation results (blind samples) . .11
9.6 Summary evaluation .11
10 Test report .11
Bibliography .12
iii
ISO/TS 21569-10:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 16,
Horizontal methods for molecular biomarker analysis, in collaboration with the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 275, Food analysis - Horizontal methods, in accordance
with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
A list of all parts in the ISO 21569 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Technical Specification ISO/TS 21569-10:2026(en)
Horizontal methods for molecular biomarker analysis —
Methods of analysis for the detection of genetically modified
organisms and derived products —
Part 10:
Construct- and event-specific detection methods for
genetically modified salmon expressing CS-GHc2 growth
hormone
1 Scope
This document specifies procedures for the detection of a DNA sequence of a construct used to (genetically)
enhance the growth of fish commonly found in aquaculture. The genetically modified AquAdvantage Atlantic
salmon (Salmo salar) carries the construct expressing CS-GHc2 growth hormone and can be detected based
on a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting either the border between the growth hormone
coding sequence (CS-GHc2) of Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Chinook salmon) and the antifreeze terminator
(T-AFP) of (Macro-) Zoarces americanus (ocean pout), i.e. with the construct-specific method, or the border
between the Atlantic salmon genomic DNA and the antifreeze promoter (P-AFP) of ocean pout, i.e. with the
event-specific method. These methods can be applied to identify the genetically modified (GM) fish or for
screening purposes.
This document is applicable for the analysis of DNA extracted from foodstuffs. It can also be suitable for the
analysis of DNA extracted from other products such as feedstuffs. The application of these methods requires
the extraction of an adequate amount of amplifiable DNA from the relevant matrix.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16577, Molecular biomarker analysis — Vocabulary for molecular biomarker analytical methods in
agriculture and food production
ISO 21569, Foodstuffs — Methods of analysis for the detection of genetically modified organisms and derived
products — Qualitative nucleic acid based methods
ISO 21571:2005, Foodstuffs — Methods of analysis for the detection of genetically modified organisms and
derived products — Nucleic acid extraction
ISO 24276, Foodstuffs — Methods of analysis for the detection of genetically modified organisms and derived
products — General requirements and definitions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16577 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
ISO/TS 21569-10:2026(en)
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
DNA is extracted from the test sample by applying a suitable method with performance characteristics in
accordance with ISO 21571:2005.
The DNA analysis consists of the following two parts:
a) verification of the amount, quality and amplifiability of the extracted DNA (not part of this method);
b) analysis using the real-time PCR detection methods targeting the CS-GHc2 - T-AFP construct inserted in
the AquAdvantage salmon genome (construct-specific method, Accession AY594644, 75 bp amplicon)
[1][2]
or targeting the border between Atlantic salmon genome and P-AFP event in the AquAdvantage
[3][4]
salmon genome (event-specific method, 156 bp amplicon) .
Detection of PCR products is done using a specific hydrolysis probe labelled with fluorescent dyes (FAM as
reporter dye and a quencher) that binds the respective target sequence between the two primers (commonly
[5]
called “TaqMan chemistry” ).
5 Reagents and materials
Chemicals of recognized analytical grade, appropriate for molecular biology, shall be used. The water used
shall be double distilled or PCR grade water (i.e. nuclease and nucleic acid free). For all operations in which
gloves are used, it should be ensured that these are powder-free. The use of aerosol-protected pipette tips as
protection against cross contamination should be used.
5.1 Interlaboratory trial and control material.
5.1.1 DNA extracted from different salmon (Salmo salar) samples, taken in the context of official
control by the Institute for Hygiene and Environment in Hamburg, Germany for the construct-specific
method, or the National Institute for Health Sciences in Japan for the event-specific method.
5.1.2 Plasmid DNA, containing the target sequences of the AquAdvantage salmon construct-specific PCR
[1][2] [3]
methods , or event-specific PCR methods .
5.2 PCR reagents.
5.2.1 PCR master mix, contains thermostable DNA polymerase (for hot-start PCR), MgCl and
deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs).
5.2.2 TE buffer, c(Tris-HCl) = 1 mmol/l, c(EDTA) = 0,1 mmol/l (pH = 8,0).
5.2.3 Oligonucleotides (see Table 1).
ISO/TS 21569-10:2026(en)
Table 1 — Oligonucleotides
Final concentration
Name DNA sequence of oligonucleotide
in PCR
[1][2]
CS-GHc2 - T-AFP construct as the target sequence
GH-tFreeze-F 5′ - CTC CAC Agg TTT TgA CAT gTT CA - 3′ 340 nmol/l
GH-tFreeze-R 5′ - gCC AgC AAg AgC CCA TCT C - 3′ 340 nmol/l
GH-tFreeze-P 5′ -(FAM)- TTC CTA ATC TgT ATC Tgg gAA ACC gAA CCC T -(TAMRA)- 3′ 540 nmol/l
[3]
Atlantic salmon genome - P-AFP event as the target sequence
AquAd-F 5′ - TgC TgA TgC CTC TgA TAC CAC - 3′ 800 nmol/l
AquAd-R 5′ - ATg CCT CTA gTg CAA gTT CAg TC - 3′ 800 nmol/l
AquAd-P 5′ -(FAM)- CAg TAg TAC AAC gTT ggC AgA TgT ATg AgA ACT -(BHQ1)- 3′ 100 nmol/l
FAM: 6-Carboxyfluorescein; TAMRA: 5-Carboxytetramethylrhodamin; BHQ1: black hole quencher 1
Equivalent reporter dyes and/or (internal) quencher can be used for the probe if they can be shown to yield similar or better
results.
6 Apparatus
Requirements concerning apparatus and materials shall be in accordance with ISO 21569. The usual
laboratory apparatus and, in particular, the following shall be used.
6.1 Real-time PCR device, suitable for the excitation of fluorescent molecules and the detection of
fluorescence signals generated during PCR. In the interlaboratory trial, the real-time PCR devices listed in
Table 6 and 10 were used.
7 Procedure
7.1 Preparation of test samples
It should be ensured that the test sample used for DNA extraction is representative of the laboratory
sample (e.g. by grinding or homogenizing of the samples). Measures and operational steps to be taken into
consideration shall be as described in ISO 21571:2005 and ISO 24276.
7.2 DNA extraction
For the extraction of DNA from the test portion, the general instructions and requirements described in
ISO 21571 shall be followed.
7.3 PCR setup
The methods are described for a total volume of 25 μl per reaction mixture with the set-up given in Table 2.
ISO/TS 21569-10:2026(en)
Table 2 — Reaction set-up for PCR
Reagent Final concentration in 25 µl PCR reaction
Sample
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