SIST EN 474-5:2022
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
This document, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for earth-moving machinery - hydraulic excavators when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (see Clause 4).
The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
prEN 474-1. This document does not repeat the requirements from prEN 474-1, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for earth moving machinery - hydraulic excavators.
This part also deals with derivated machinery and derivated use, e.g. lifting operation application, shovel application, log application, grapple application, magnetic plate application.
This European Standard is not applicable to hydraulic excavators manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN.
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 5: Anforderungen für Hydraulikbagger
Dieses Dokument behandelt zusammen mit EN 474-1:2022 alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und ‑ereignisse von Hydraulikbaggern, wenn diese Maschinen bestimmungsgemäß verwendet werden sowie unter den vernünftigerweise vom Hersteller vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen (siehe Anhang A) für die gesamte Lebensdauer der Maschine, wie in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, beschrieben, betrieben werden.
Die Anforderungen dieses Dokuments gelten ergänzend zu den allgemeinen Anforderungen in EN 474-1:2022. Dieses Dokument wiederholt nicht die Anforderungen in EN 474-1:2022, sondern ergänzt oder ändert diese für den Einsatz von Hydraulikbaggern.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Anforderungen an den Hauptstromkreis und den Antrieb von Maschinen, wenn die primäre Energiequelle eine externe Stromversorgung ist.
Die folgenden signifikanten und relevanten Gefährdungen werden in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt:
— Laserstrahlung;
— Blitzschlag.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Leistungsanforderungen an Sicherheitsfunktionen von Steuerungssystemen.
Dieses Dokument behandelt nicht das Ziehen von Anhängern.
Dieses Dokument behandelt keine Abrissmaschinen.
Dieses Dokument beschäftigt sich außerdem mit dem Hebebetrieb, dem Einsatz mit Ladeschaufel, Baumklammer, Greifer und Magnetplatte.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Hydraulikbagger, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5 : Prescriptions applicables aux pelles hydrauliques
Le présent document traite, avec la partie 1, de tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs liés aux engins de terrassement et aux pelles hydrauliques, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés normalement et dans de mauvaises conditions raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant, associés à toute la durée de vie des machines (voir Article 4).
Les prescriptions figurant dans la présente partie sont complémentaires des prescriptions communes présentées dans la norme prEN 474-1. La présente partie ne répète pas les prescriptions de la prEN 474-1 mais en ajoute ou en remplace certaines pour les engins de terrassement et les pelles hydrauliques.
La présente partie traite également des engins dérivés et des applications dérivées, par exemple des utilisations en opération de levage, en pelle, en grume, avec pince et avec plateau magnétique.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas aux pelles hydrauliques fabriquées avant la publication de la présente Norme européenne par le CEN.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 5. del: Zahteve za hidravlične bagre
Ta dokument skupaj s 1. delom obravnava vsa večja tveganja za stroje za zemeljska dela – hidravlične bagre, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu s predvidenim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec, v zvezi s celotno življenjsko dobo stroja (glej točko 4).
Zahteve iz tega dela dopolnjujejo splošne zahteve iz standarda
prEN 474-1. Ta dokument ne navaja ponovno zahtev iz standarda prEN 474-1, temveč dodaja ali nadomešča zahteve za uporabo strojev za zemeljska dela – hidravličnih bagrov.
Ta del obravnava tudi izvedene stroje in s tem povezano uporabo (npr. dvigovanje, uporaba lopate, rokovanje s hlodi, uporaba kavlja, uporaba magnetnih plošč).
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za hidravlične bagre, izdelane pred datumom izdaje tega evropskega standarda s strani Evropskega odbora za standardizacijo (CEN).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 474-5:2022
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 474-5:2007+A3:2014
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 5. del: Zahteve za hidravlične bagre
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 5: Anforderungen für Hydraulikbagger
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5 : Prescriptions applicables aux pelles
hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-5:2022
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
SIST EN 474-5:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements
for hydraulic excavators
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 5: Anforderungen
Prescriptions applicables aux pelles hydrauliques für Hydraulikbagger
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-5:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Operator's station . 9
4.3 Seat . 10
4.4 Steering system . 11
4.5 Brake systems . 11
4.6 Operator’s field of view . 11
4.7 Stability . 12
4.8 Lifting operation . 13
4.9 Quick coupler . 14
4.10 Specific requirements for walking excavators . 14
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 16
6 Information for use . 18
6.1 General . 18
6.2 Machine safety labels . 18
6.3 Operator's manual . 19
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 21
Annex B (informative) Rated lift capacity charts for lifting operation . 26
B.1 General . 26
B.2 Identification . 26
B.3 Illustration . 26
B.4 Working conditions . 26
Annex C (normative) Requirements for excavator swing brake . 30
C.1 General . 30
C.2 Terms and definitions . 30
C.3 Minimum performance requirements . 31
C.4 Conditions for testing . 33
Annex D (informative) Illustrations . 35
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered. 39
Bibliography . 44
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 474-5:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2022.
EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery — Safety” comprises the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
This document is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
The main differences between this document and EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013 are as follows:
a) normative references (Clause 2) (revised and updated);
b) safety related functions of control systems (excluded);
c) definitions (Clause 3) (revised and updated);
d) list of significant hazards (revised and updated);
e) requirements for operative protective structures (revised);
f) ROPS requirements for hydraulic excavators (revised);
g) visibility requirements (added);
h) lifting operation requirements (revised);
i) verification methods table (added) (Clause 5);
j) rated lift capacity charts for lifting operation (updated);
k) requirements for excavator swing brake (revised);
l) illustrations (updated);
m) requirements for quick couplers (added);
n) list of significant hazards (Annex A) (updated);
o) Annex ZA (updated).
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate in the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document together with EN 474-1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to hydraulic excavators when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which
are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole lifetime of the
machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or
modifies the requirements for hydraulic excavators.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control
system(s).
This document does not deal with towing of trailers.
This document does not deal with demolition machinery.
This document also deals with lifting operation application, shovel application, log application, grapple
application, and magnetic plate application.
This document is not applicable to hydraulic excavators which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2022, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 13531:2001+A1:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact
excavators — Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
EN ISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Roll-over protective structures — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements (ISO 3471:2008)
EN ISO 5353:1998, Earth-moving machinery and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry —
Seat index point (ISO 5353:1995)
EN ISO 6683:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Seat belts and seat belt anchorages — Performance
requirements and tests (ISO 6683:2005)
EN ISO 7096:2020, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
(ISO 7096:2020)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery— General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
EN ISO 16001:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Object detection systems and visibility aids —
Performance requirements and tests (ISO 16001:2017)
ISO 5006:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Operator’s field of view — Test method and performance
criteria
ISO 6016:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their
equipment and components
ISO 7451:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Volumetric ratings for hoe-type and grab-type buckets of
hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders
ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading excavator buckets — Volumetric
ratings
ISO 10262:1998, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for operator protective guards
ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements for operator protective guards — Technical Corrigendum 1
ISO 10567:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Lift capacity
ISO 12117-2:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory tests and performance requirements for
protective structures of excavators — Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for excavators of over
6 t
ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for protective structures of excavators — Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for
excavators of over 6 t — Technical Corrigendum 1
ISO 12117-2:2008/AMD 1:2016, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for protective structures of excavators — Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for
excavators of over 6 t – Amendment 1
ISO 13031:2016, Earth-moving machinery — Quick couplers — Safety
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2022, EN ISO 12100:2010
and the following apply.
NOTE Terminology for hydraulic excavators are specified in ISO 7135:2009 and illustrated in Annex D of this
document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
3.1
hydraulic excavator
self-propelled machine on crawler, wheels or legs, having an upper structure normally capable of 360°
swing with mounted equipment, primarily designed for excavating with bucket, without moving the
undercarriage during the work cycle
Note 1 to entry: An excavator work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging
material (see EN ISO 6165:2012). Hydraulic excavators can also be used for material handling/transportation.
3.1.1
minimal swing radius excavator (MSRX)
excavator for operation in confined space having an upper structure with a short swing radius
(equipment and attachment swing within 120 % of the width of the undercarriage)
3.1.2
compact excavator
excavator and minimal swing radius excavator with an operating mass (see ISO 6016:2008) of less than
or equal to 6 000 kg
3.2
walking excavator
excavator with three or more supporting legs which may be articulated, telescopic or both and which can
be fitted with wheels
3.3
operator protective guards
system of a top guard and/or a front guard for the operator station of excavators
[SOURCE: ISO 10262:1998, 3.1 MOD]
3.3.1
front guard
device intended to provide object protection to the front of the operator station of excavators
[SOURCE: ISO 10262:1998, 3.2]
3.3.2
top guard
device intended to provide falling object protection to the top of the operator station of excavators
[SOURCE: ISO 10262:1998, 3.3]
3.3.3
cab riser
any spacer that increases the height of the seat index point (SIP), as defined in ISO 5353, greater than
250 mm relative to normal configuration
[SOURCE: ISO 12117-2:2008+A1:2016, 3.5]
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context
Hydraulic excavators shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction
measures of this clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of
EN ISO 12100:2010 for relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to EN 474-1
Hydraulic excavators shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2022, as far as not modified or
replaced by the requirements of this part.
There are general requirements specified in EN 474-1:2022 that are not applicable because the risk
assessment has shown that for hydraulic excavators the corresponding hazard does not exist. For
hydraulic excavators 4.4.2.2, 4.14.2.3 and 4.22.5 in EN 474-1:2022, are not applicable.
4.2 Operator's station
4.2.1 Minimum space
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.1.2 shall apply with the following modification:
On excavators with retractable front window, the cab height above SIP according to EN ISO 5353:1998
shall not be less than 920 mm measured with the window retracted into the cab.
4.2.2 Roll over and tip over protective structures (ROPS and TOPS)
4.2.2.1 General
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.3 does not apply for hydraulic excavators except for walking excavators, see 4.10.3.
EN 474-1:2022, Annex B, B.7 does not apply for hydraulic excavators with moveable cabs, see 4.2.2.4.
4.2.2.2 Compact excavators
Compact excavators with an operating mass greater than 1 t and less than or equal to 6 t according to
ISO 6016:2008 shall be equipped with a tip-over protective structure (TOPS).
TOPS shall meet the requirements of EN 13531:2001+A1:2008.
4.2.2.3 Hydraulic excavators with no cab riser or with fixed cab riser below 500 mm
Hydraulic excavators with no cab riser or with fixed cab riser up to 500 mm and with an operating mass
greater than 6 t and less than or equal to 50 t according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be equipped with ROPS.
ROPS shall meet the requirements of ISO 12117-2:2008 and its ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010 and its
ISO 12117-2:2008/Amd. 1:2016.
4.2.2.4 Hydraulic excavators with fixed cab riser above 500 mm or with movable operator's
station
— Hydraulic excavators with fixed cab riser above 500 mm or with movable operator's station and with
an operating mass greater than 6 t and less than or equal to 50 t according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be
equipped with TOPS. For evaluation of the performance of the TOPS, ISO 12117-2:2008 and
ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010 and ISO 12117-2:2008/AMD 1:2016 shall be used in respect of
lateral loading only and with the following lateral load energy:
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
1,25
Lateral load energy Us (J) = 6 500 × (M/10 000) .
— Hydraulic excavators with fixed cab riser above 500 mm or with movable operator's station and with
an operating mass greater than 6 t and less than or equal to 50 t according to ISO 6016:2008 intended
to be used where risk of rolling over exists (e.g. steep slope), shall be equipped with a roll over
protective structure (ROPS). ROPS shall meet the requirements of ISO 12117-2:2008 and
ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010 and ISO 12117-2:2008/AMD 1:2016.
For hydraulic excavators with a movable operator's station as described in EN 474-1:2022, Annex B, the
ROPS and TOPS tests shall be performed with the operator station in the hydraulic excavator’s travel
position. The operator station mounted to the moving linkage components shall be attached to the upper
swing frame. The boom and any boom lift cylinders shall be attached to the upper swing frame as
applicable based on potential contact with them during the test. The test load(s) shall be applied to the
operator's station structure as specified in ISO 12117-2:2008 and ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010 and ISO
12117-2:2008/AMD 1:2016.
The test includes the whole lifting configuration (e.g. cab riser frame and mounted cab).
4.2.3 Operator protective guards
EN 474 1:2022, 4.3.4 shall be replaced by the following:
Operator protective guards shall comply with ISO 10262:1998 and ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass less than or equal to 1 500 kg operator protective
guards are not required.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass greater than 1 500 kg fixing points for the operator
protective guards shall be provided.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass greater than 1 500 kg and equal or less than 6 000 kg
according to ISO 6016:2008, the operator protective guards shall meet the requirements of
ISO 10262:1998 and ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009, Level I.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass greater than 6 000 kg according to ISO 6016:2008, the
operator protective guards shall meet the requirements of ISO 10262:1998 and
ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009, Level II.
Hydraulic excavators used in log application shall be equipped with a front guard according to
ISO 10262:1998 and ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009.
4.2.4 Defrosting system
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.2.1.4 shall apply with the following addition:
The defrosting system shall be capable of also defrosting the boom side window to meet the visibility
requirements of EN 474-1:2022, 4.8.1.
4.3 Seat
4.3.1 Adjustment
For compact excavators, EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.3 shall apply with the following addition:
For compact excavators with an operating mass ≤ 3 000 kg, the vertical adjustment of minimum 60 mm
is not required.
4.3.2 Vibration
EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.4 shall apply with the following modifications:
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
For excavators greater than 6 000 kg the seat shall comply with spectral class EM 6 of EN ISO 7096:2020.
NOTE This clause makes reference to EN ISO 7096:2020 even though that standard gives no performance
requirement for excavator seats.
4.3.3 Restraint system
EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.5 shall apply with the following modification:
Machines fitted with ROPS or TOPS shall have an operator restraint system that meets the requirements
specified in EN ISO 6683:2008.
4.4 Steering system
EN 474-1:2022, 4.6.1 shall apply with the following addition:
The movements of the controls for steering do not need to correspond to the intended direction of
movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
4.5 Brake systems
4.5.1 Brake systems for travelling
EN 474-1:2022, 4.7 shall apply with the following modification:
For crawler excavators less than or equal to 3 000 kg, the working tool (e.g. bucket) or a special
attachment (e.g. dozer blade) can substitute the parking brake to immobilise the machine.
4.5.2 Brake systems for swinging
Hydraulic excavators shall be equipped with swing brakes and swing locks.
Swing brakes shall comply with the requirements as defined in Annex C.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass less than 1 000 kg swing parking brake is not required.
Swing lock is not required if the swing parking brake complies with C.3.1.4 and C.4.2.
4.6 Operator’s field of view
4.6.1 Position of display devices
EN 474-1:2022, 4.8.1 shall apply with the modifications to ISO 5006:2017 as indicated in 4.6.1, 4.6.2 and
4.6.3.
NOTE ISO 5006:2017 covers both travel mode and operating mode for excavators (see ISO 5006:2017, 8.3.3.3).
ISO 5006:2017, 7.2 shall be replaced by the following:
The devices (e.g. CCTV display, mirror) used by the operator to view the area being monitored shall be
placed such that they are in the 180° arc centred in front of the operator.
If visibility of the portion on the rectangular boundary (RB) as defined below, is masked by the linkage
movement as defined in ISO 5006:2017, 8.3.3.3, one additional mirror may be installed in the 180°-270°
arc centred in front of the operator to provide visibility to this portion of the RB. Such a mirror shall
neither be used for the assessment of visibility on any other portion of the RB or the visibility test circle,
nor for the assessment of visibility in the travel position.
The centre of the mirror shall be used as the reference for mirror location. The mirror locations shall be
noted in the test report.
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SIST EN 474-5:2022
EN 474-5:2022 (E)
Definition of RB portion:
The portion of the RB between the intersections with the RB of a line from the inside of the track/tyre (A)
opposite to the cabin location and a line from the front edge of the track/tyre or undercarriage
attachment (B). See Figure 1.
Key
RB rectangular boundary
A track/tyre
B undercarriage attachment
1 operator's station
Figure 1 — Example of the portion RB
4.6.2 Activation of visibility aids
ISO 5006:2017, 7.4 shall apply with the following additions:
CCTV system shall automatically display the camera image when machine movement is possible, e.g.
controls are enabled.
The camera image may temporarily be cancelled by a voluntary action by the operator during reviewing
and setting of machine parameters. The camera image shall automatically return on the monitor.
The monitor may temporarily display warnings in addition to the camera image.
4.6.3 Performance requirements of visibility aids
ISO 5006:2017, 7.3 and 7.4 shall apply with the following modification.
The minimum dimension of the image of a 1,5 m height test o
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 474-5:2017
01-junij-2017
6WURML]D]HPHOMVNDGHOD9DUQRVWGHO =DKWHYH]DKLGUDYOLþQHEDJUH
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5 : Prescriptions applicables aux pelles
hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 474-5
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
oSIST prEN 474-5:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 474-5:2017
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oSIST prEN 474-5:2017
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 474-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2017
ICS Will supersede EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements
for hydraulic excavators
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5 :
Prescriptions applicables aux pelles hydrauliques
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 151.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 474-5:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 474-5:2017
prEN 474-5:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 List of additional significant hazards . 7
5 Safety requirements and/or measures . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Operator's station . 7
5.2.1 Minimum space envelope . 7
5.2.2 Operator's protection . 7
5.2.3 Operator's seat . 8
5.3 Defrosting system . 8
5.4 Operator's controls and indicators . 8
5.5 Steering system . 9
5.6 Swing brakes . 9
5.7 Stability and safety devices . 9
5.7.1 General . 9
5.7.2 Bucket and shovel application . 9
5.7.3 Log application . 9
5.7.4 Lifting operation application . 10
5.8 Specific requirements for parking brake . 11
5.9 Additional/modified requirements for walking excavators . 11
5.9.1 Operator's station - Visibility . 11
5.9.2 Wheel brake system . 11
5.9.3 Operator's protection . 11
5.9.4 Stability . 11
5.9.5 Recovery, towing away for recovery purposes (TARP), tying-down, lifting and
transporting . 13
6 Verification . 13
7 Information for use . 14
Annex A (informative) List of additional significant hazards – Hydraulic excavators . 16
Annex B (informative) Rated lift capacity charts for lifting operation . 18
B.1 General . 18
B.2 Identification . 18
B.3 Illustration . 18
B.4 Working conditions . 18
Annex C (normative) Requirements for excavator swing brakes . 22
C.1 General . 22
C.2 Terms and definitions . 22
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C.3 Minimum performance requirements . 23
C.3.1 Swing drive system . 23
C.4 Conditions for testing . 24
C.4.1 Testing the swing service brake . 24
C.4.2 Testing the swing parking brake . 26
C.4.3 Testing the swing lock. 26
C.5 Test report . 26
Annex D (informative) Illustrations . 27
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered . 31
Bibliography . 32
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prEN 474-5:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 474-5:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151
“Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 474-5:2006+A1:2013.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
For bibliographic references, see prEN 474-1:2017.
prEN 474 ”Earth-moving machinery — Safety” comprises the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
This European Standard is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.
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prEN 474-5:2017 (E)
Introduction
This part of prEN 474 is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered
are indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B
standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C
standard.
1 Scope
This document, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for earth-moving machinery –
hydraulic excavators when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are
reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (see
Clause 4).
The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
prEN 474-1. This document does not repeat the requirements from prEN 474-1, but adds or replaces the
requirements for application for earth moving machinery – hydraulic excavators.
This part also deals with derivated machinery and derivated use, e.g. lifting operation application, shovel
application, log application, grapple application, magnetic plate application.
This European Standard is not applicable to hydraulic excavators manufactured before the date of
publication of this European Standard by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 474-1:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 12643:2014, Earth-moving machinery — Rubber-tyred machines — Steering requirements (ISO
5010:1992 modified)
EN 13531:2001+A1:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact
excavators — Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
EN ISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Roll-over protective structures — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements (ISO 3471:2008)
EN ISO 5353:1998, Earth-moving machinery and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Seat
index point (ISO 5353:1995)
EN ISO 6165:2012, Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — Identification and terms and definitions (ISO
6165:2012)
EN ISO 7096:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO
7096:2000)
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EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery— General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
ISO 5006:2009, Earth-moving machinery — Operator's field of view — Test method and performance
criteria
ISO 6016:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their
equipment and components
ISO 7451:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Volumetric ratings for hoe-type and grab-type buckets of
hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders
ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading excavator buckets — Volumetric
ratings
ISO 10262:1998, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for operator protective guards
ISO 10567:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Lift capacity
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN 474-1:2017,
EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply.
Note 1 to entry: Terminology for hydraulic excavators are specified in ISO 7135:2009 and illustrated in Annex D
of this European Standard.
Note 2 to entry: Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard are also valid for
this document.
3.1
hydraulic excavator
self-propelled machine on crawler, wheels or legs, having an upper structure normally capable of 360°
swing with mounted equipment, primarily designed for excavating with bucket, without moving the
undercarriage during the work cycle
Note 1 to entry: An excavator work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging
material (see EN ISO 6165:2012). Hydraulic excavators can also be used for material handling/transportation.
3.1.1
minimal swing radius excavator (MSRX)
excavator for operation in confined space having an upper structure with a short swing radius
(equipment and attachment swing within 120 % of the width of the undercarriage)
3.1.2
compact excavator
excavator and minimal swing radius excavator with an operating mass (see ISO 6016:2008) of less than
or equal to 6 000 kg
3.2
walking excavator
excavator with three or more supporting legs which may be articulated, telescopic or both and which can
be fitted with wheels
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4 List of additional significant hazards
See Annex A.
NOTE Annex A (normative) contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they
are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and
which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
Hydraulic excavators shall comply with the requirements of prEN 474-1:2017, as far as not modified or
replaced by the requirements of this part.
5.2 Operator's station
5.2.1 Minimum space envelope
On excavators with retractable front window, the cab height above SIP (see EN ISO 5353) shall not be
less than 920 mm measured with the window retracted into the cab.
5.2.2 Operator's protection
5.2.2.1 Roll over and tip over protective structures (ROPS and TOPS)
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.3.3 does not apply for hydraulic excavators except for walking excavators, see 5.7.3.
prEN 474-1:2017, Annex B, B.7.1 does not apply for hydraulic excavators with moveable cabs.
Compact excavators with an operating mass greater than 1 t and less than or equal to 6 t according to
ISO 6016:2008 shall be equipped with a tip-over protective structure (TOPS).
TOPS shall meet the requirements of EN 13531:2001+A1:2008.
Machines with no cab riser or with fixed cab riser up to 500 mm and with an operating mass greater than
6 t and less than or equal to than 50 t according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be equipped with ROPS.
ROPS shall meet the requirements of ISO 12117-2:2008 and its Cor 1:2010.
Machines with fixed cab riser above 500 mm or with movable operator’s station and with an operating
mass greater than 6 t and less than or equal to 50 t according to ISO 6016:2008 shall, where the risk of
rolling over exists, based on the intended use of the machine as specified by the manufacturer in the
operator’s manual, be equipped with a roll over protective structure (ROPS). ROPS shall meet the
requirements of ISO 12117-2:2008 and its Cor 1:2010. Where ROPS is not required a tip-over protective
structure (TOPS) shall be fitted. For evaluation of the performance of the TOPS, ISO 12117-2 shall be used
in respect of lateral loading only and with the following lateral load energy:
1,25
Lateral load energy Us (J) = 6 500 x (M/10 000) .
For machines with a movable operator’s station as defined in prEN 474-1:2017, Annex B, the ROPS and
TOPS tests shall be performed with the operator station in the machine travel position. The operator
station mounted to the moving linkage components shall be attached to the upper swing frame. The boom
and any boom lift cylinders shall be attached to the upper swing frame as applicable based on potential
contact with them during the test. The test load(s) shall be applied to the operator’s station structure as
specified in ISO 12117-2.
NOTE The test includes the whole lifting configuration (e.g.cab riser frame and mounted cab). The test load is
not directly applied at the cab riser frame.
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TOPS shall be labelled in accordance with ISO 12117-2:2008, Clause 9, except that the standard referred
to shall be prEN 474-5:2017.
5.2.2.2 Operator’s protective guard
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.3.4 shall be replaced by the following:
For excavators with an operating mass less than or equal to 1 500 kg Operator’s Protective Guard
requirements do not apply.
If an Operator’s Protective Guard needs to be fitted, the following applies:
— excavators with an operating mass greater than 1 500 kg according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be fitted
with Operator’s Protective Guard meeting the requirements of ISO 10262:1998, Level I;
— excavators if used in demolition application shall be fitted with Operator’s Protective Guard meeting
the requirements of ISO 10262:1998, Level II;
— excavators with an operating mass greater than 6 000 kg according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be fitted
with Operator’s Protective Guard meeting the requirements of ISO 10262:1998, Level II.
5.2.3 Operator's seat
5.2.3.1 Seat adjustment for compact excavators
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.4.1.3 shall apply with the following modification:
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.4.1.3, 2nd paragraph applies to excavators with an operating mass (see
ISO 6016:2008) of less than 3 000 kg.
5.2.3.2 Vibration
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.4.1.4, shall apply with the following modifications:
For excavators greater than 6 000 kg the seat shall comply with spectral class EM 6 of EN ISO 7096:2008.
NOTE Even there is no requirement on seat suspension for seats used in excavators (see EN ISO 7096:2008,
1.4), this clause makes reference to EN ISO 7096:2008.
5.3 Defrosting system
FprEN 474-1:2017, 5.3.2.1.3 shall be replaced by the following:
A system shall be provided to defrost the front windscreen for example by means of a heating system or
a particular defrosting device.
The defrosting system for the front windscreen shall meet the requirements specified in
ISO 10263-5:2009.
A system shall be provided to defrost the rear window, when visibility (see ISO 5006) through the rear
window is needed, for example by means of a heating system or a particular defrosting device.
The defrosting system for the rear window shall meet the requirements specified in ISO 10263-5:2009.
5.4 Operator's controls and indicators
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.5.1 d) shall be replaced by the following:
The movements of the controls for driving and steering do not need to correspond to the intended
direction of movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
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5.5 Steering system
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.6.1 shall be replaced by the following:
The movements of the controls for steering do not need to correspond to the intended direction of
movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.6.2 shall apply with the following addition:
For machines with a travel speed equal to or lower than 20 km/h shall comply with EN 12643:2014,
except for the requirements for emergency steering.
5.6 Swing brakes
Swing brakes shall comply with the requirements as defined in Annex C.
5.7 Stability and safety devices
5.7.1 General
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.11 shall apply with the additions given in 5.7.1 to 5.7.4.
All rated capacities as defined hereafter are based on test and/or calculations of machines being level and
on firm supporting surface.
The mass of the intended load, its density and the location of its centre of gravity as well as the mass of
the attachment and the attachment bracket, if fitted, shall be included in the determination of the rated
lift capacity and the size/capacity of the attachment.
To provide a sufficient stability, the rated lift capacity in intended operations shall be determined in
accordance with 5.7.2 to 5.7.4.
5.7.2 Bucket and shovel application
The rated lift capacity for an excavator used in bucket or shovel application shall be determined either
by:
— rated tipping load according to ISO 10567:2007, 3.8, in the most unfavourable position, or
— hydraulic lift capacity according to ISO 10567:2007, 3.11
whichever is less.
The volumetric rating of the bucket or shovel shall be determined according to ISO 7451:2007 or
ISO 7546:1983.
The mass and the volumetric rating of the bucket and the density of the material have to be taken into
account when a bucket is selected for a specific application.
5.7.3 Log application
The rated lift capacity in stationary log application shall be determined either by:
— rated tipping load according to ISO 10567:2007, 3.8, with a log in the most unfavourable position, or
— hydraulic lift capacity according to ISO 10567:2007, 3.11
whichever is less.
The rated lift capacity in moving (driving with load, oscillating axle locked) log application shall be
determined either by:
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— rated tipping load as 60 % of the tipping load according to ISO 10567:2007, 3.7, with a log in the most
unfavourable position, or
— hydraulic lift capacity according to ISO 10567:2007, 3.11
whichever is less.
5.7.4 Lifting operation application
5.7.4.1 General
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.12 shall apply to all machines which can be fitted with a lifting device even if the
initial intended use does not involve a lifting operation and where:
a) the maximum rated lift capacity according to prEN 474-1:2017, 3.6 is greater than or equal to
1 000 kg, at a minimum lift point radius as defined in ISO 10567:2007, 3.5
or
b) an overturning moment greater than or equal to 40 000 Nm,
and
c) where the operating mass, according to ISO 6016:2008 is lower or equal to 50 000 kg.
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.12 shall also apply to machines where the operating mass is greater than 50 000 kg
according to ISO 6016:2008 and intended for use in lifting operations.
5.7.4.2 Rated lift capacity in lifting operation
The rated lift capacity in lifting operation shall be determined according to ISO 10567:2007, 3.13.
5.7.4.3 Lowering control device
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.12.3 shall apply to excavators according to prEN 474-5:2017, 5.7.4.1.
5.7.4.4 Overload warning device
prEN 474-1:2016, 5.12.4 shall apply to excavators according to prEN 474-5:2017, 5.7.4.1.
5.7.4.5 Load capacity indicator
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.12.5 does not apply.
5.7.4.6 Rated capacity limiting device
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.12.6 does not apply.
5.7.4.7 Rated lift capacity chart in lifting operation
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.12.7 shall apply to excavators according to prEN 474-5:2017, 5.7.4.1 of with the
following addition:
A chart of the rated lift capacity in lifting operation in relation to the reach and turntable position,
established by the manufacturer, shall be provided. Annex B gives an example for such a chart.
The chart(s) shall be available at the operator's station for each lifting configuration specified in the
operator’s manual.
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5.7.4.8 Other applications
The rated lift capacity of derivated machinery shall be determined by the manufacturer according to the
load specification given in 5.7.4.1, whereby the comparable hazard has to be considered for the special
application.
5.8 Specific requirements for parking brake
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.7 shall appy with the following modification:
For crawler excavators less than or equal to 3 000 kg, the working tool (e.g. bucket) or a special
attachment (e.g. dozer blade) can alternatively be used to immobilise the machine. The procedure to
secure the crawler excavator shall be described in the operator’s manual.
5.9 Additional/modified requirements for walking excavators
5.9.1 Operator's station - Visibility
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.8.1 shall apply with the following additions:
The requirements of ISO 5006:2006, Table 1 for crawler excavators apply.
The ground contacting part of each leg shall in all possible positions be visible from the operator's station
to ensure that the operator can place the legs on firm ground.
5.9.2 Wheel brake system
prEN 474-1:2016, 5.7 does not apply to walking excavators with not more than two wheels.
5.9.3 Operator's protection
5.9.3.1 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS)
Walking excavators shall be fitted with rollover protective structures (ROPS) that meet the requirements
of EN ISO 3471:2008 for backhoe-loaders of equivalent mass.
5.9.3.2 Legs, hydraulic circuit
All leg cylinders shall be fitted with lock valves to prevent the machine from becoming unstable in case
of a hydraulic system failure.
5.9.4 Stability
The stability is determined by the following test conditions:
a) levelled and firm supporting test surface;
b) stabilizer and wheels (at max. spread position) extended as specified by the manufacturer;
c) levelled position of the lower side of the under carriage; approximately 350 mm above the test
surface;
d)
...
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