EN 474-5:2022

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 474-5:2007+A3:2014
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 5. del: Zahteve za hidravlične bagre
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 5: Anforderungen für Hydraulikbagger
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5 : Prescriptions applicables aux pelles
hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-5:2022
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 474-5
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements
for hydraulic excavators
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 5 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 5: Anforderungen
Prescriptions applicables aux pelles hydrauliques für Hydraulikbagger
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-5:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Operator's station . 9
4.3 Seat . 10
4.4 Steering system . 11
4.5 Brake systems . 11
4.6 Operator’s field of view . 11
4.7 Stability . 12
4.8 Lifting operation . 13
4.9 Quick coupler . 14
4.10 Specific requirements for walking excavators . 14
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 16
6 Information for use . 18
6.1 General . 18
6.2 Machine safety labels . 18
6.3 Operator's manual . 19
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 21
Annex B (informative) Rated lift capacity charts for lifting operation . 26
B.1 General . 26
B.2 Identification . 26
B.3 Illustration . 26
B.4 Working conditions . 26
Annex C (normative) Requirements for excavator swing brake . 30
C.1 General . 30
C.2 Terms and definitions . 30
C.3 Minimum performance requirements . 31
C.4 Conditions for testing . 33
Annex D (informative) Illustrations . 35
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered. 39
Bibliography . 44

European foreword
This document (EN 474-5:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2022.
EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery — Safety” comprises the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
This document is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.
The main differences between this document and EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013 are as follows:
a) normative references (Clause 2) (revised and updated);
b) safety related functions of control systems (excluded);
c) definitions (Clause 3) (revised and updated);
d) list of significant hazards (revised and updated);
e) requirements for operative protective structures (revised);
f) ROPS requirements for hydraulic excavators (revised);
g) visibility requirements (added);
h) lifting operation requirements (revised);
i) verification methods table (added) (Clause 5);
j) rated lift capacity charts for lifting operation (updated);
k) requirements for excavator swing brake (revised);
l) illustrations (updated);
m) requirements for quick couplers (added);
n) list of significant hazards (Annex A) (updated);
o) Annex ZA (updated).
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate in the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
1 Scope
This document together with EN 474-1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to hydraulic excavators when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which
are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole lifetime of the
machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or
modifies the requirements for hydraulic excavators.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control
system(s).
This document does not deal with towing of trailers.
This document does not deal with demolition machinery.
This document also deals with lifting operation application, shovel application, log application, grapple
application, and magnetic plate application.
This document is not applicable to hydraulic excavators which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2022, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 13531:2001+A1:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact
excavators — Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified)
EN ISO 3471:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Roll-over protective structures — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements (ISO 3471:2008)
EN ISO 5353:1998, Earth-moving machinery and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry —
Seat index point (ISO 5353:1995)
EN ISO 6683:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Seat belts and seat belt anchorages — Performance
requirements and tests (ISO 6683:2005)
EN ISO 7096:2020, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
(ISO 7096:2020)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery— General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 16001:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Object detection systems and visibility aids —
Performance requirements and tests (ISO 16001:2017)
ISO 5006:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Operator’s field of view — Test method and performance
criteria
ISO 6016:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their
equipment and components
ISO 7451:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Volumetric ratings for hoe-type and grab-type buckets of
hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders
ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading excavator buckets — Volumetric
ratings
ISO 10262:1998, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for operator protective guards
ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements for operator protective guards — Technical Corrigendum 1
ISO 10567:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Lift capacity
ISO 12117-2:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory tests and performance requirements for
protective structures of excavators — Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for excavators of over
6 t
ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for protective structures of excavators — Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for
excavators of over 6 t — Technical Corrigendum 1
ISO 12117-2:2008/AMD 1:2016, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for protective structures of excavators — Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for
excavators of over 6 t – Amendment 1
ISO 13031:2016, Earth-moving machinery — Quick couplers — Safety
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2022, EN ISO 12100:2010
and the following apply.
NOTE Terminology for hydraulic excavators are specified in ISO 7135:2009 and illustrated in Annex D of this
document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
hydraulic excavator
self-propelled machine on crawler, wheels or legs, having an upper structure normally capable of 360°
swing with mounted equipment, primarily designed for excavating with bucket, without moving the
undercarriage during the work cycle
Note 1 to entry: An excavator work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging
material (see EN ISO 6165:2012). Hydraulic excavators can also be used for material handling/transportation.
3.1.1
minimal swing radius excavator (MSRX)
excavator for operation in confined space having an upper structure with a short swing radius
(equipment and attachment swing within 120 % of the width of the undercarriage)
3.1.2
compact excavator
excavator and minimal swing radius excavator with an operating mass (see ISO 6016:2008) of less than
or equal to 6 000 kg
3.2
walking excavator
excavator with three or more supporting legs which may be articulated, telescopic or both and which can
be fitted with wheels
3.3
operator protective guards
system of a top guard and/or a front guard for the operator station of excavators
[SOURCE: ISO 10262:1998, 3.1 MOD]
3.3.1
front guard
device intended to provide object protection to the front of the operator station of excavators
[SOURCE: ISO 10262:1998, 3.2]
3.3.2
top guard
device intended to provide falling object protection to the top of the operator station of excavators
[SOURCE: ISO 10262:1998, 3.3]
3.3.3
cab riser
any spacer that increases the height of the seat index point (SIP), as defined in ISO 5353, greater than
250 mm relative to normal configuration
[SOURCE: ISO 12117-2:2008+A1:2016, 3.5]
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context
Hydraulic excavators shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction
measures of this clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of
EN ISO 12100:2010 for relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to EN 474-1
Hydraulic excavators shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2022, as far as not modified or
replaced by the requirements of this part.
There are general requirements specified in EN 474-1:2022 that are not applicable because the risk
assessment has shown that for hydraulic excavators the corresponding hazard does not exist. For
hydraulic excavators 4.4.2.2, 4.14.2.3 and 4.22.5 in EN 474-1:2022, are not applicable.
4.2 Operator's station
4.2.1 Minimum space
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.1.2 shall apply with the following modification:
On excavators with retractable front window, the cab height above SIP according to EN ISO 5353:1998
shall not be less than 920 mm measured with the window retracted into the cab.
4.2.2 Roll over and tip over protective structures (ROPS and TOPS)
4.2.2.1 General
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.3 does not apply for hydraulic excavators except for walking excavators, see 4.10.3.
EN 474-1:2022, Annex B, B.7 does not apply for hydraulic excavators with moveable cabs, see 4.2.2.4.
4.2.2.2 Compact excavators
Compact excavators with an operating mass greater than 1 t and less than or equal to 6 t according to
ISO 6016:2008 shall be equipped with a tip-over protective structure (TOPS).
TOPS shall meet the requirements of EN 13531:2001+A1:2008.
4.2.2.3 Hydraulic excavators with no cab riser or with fixed cab riser below 500 mm
Hydraulic excavators with no cab riser or with fixed cab riser up to 500 mm and with an operating mass
greater than 6 t and less than or equal to 50 t according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be equipped with ROPS.
ROPS shall meet the requirements of ISO 12117-2:2008 and its ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010 and its
ISO 12117-2:2008/Amd. 1:2016.
4.2.2.4 Hydraulic excavators with fixed cab riser above 500 mm or with movable operator's
station
— Hydraulic excavators with fixed cab riser above 500 mm or with movable operator's station and with
an operating mass greater than 6 t and less than or equal to 50 t according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be
equipped with TOPS. For evaluation of the performance of the TOPS, ISO 12117-2:2008 and
ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010 and ISO 12117-2:2008/AMD 1:2016 shall be used in respect of
lateral loading only and with the following lateral load energy:
1,25
Lateral load energy Us (J) = 6 500 × (M/10 000) .
— Hydraulic excavators with fixed cab riser above 500 mm or with movable operator's station and with
an operating mass greater than 6 t and less than or equal to 50 t according to ISO 6016:2008 intended
to be used where risk of rolling over exists (e.g. steep slope), shall be equipped with a roll over
protective structure (ROPS). ROPS shall meet the requirements of ISO 12117-2:2008 and
ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010 and ISO 12117-2:2008/AMD 1:2016.
For hydraulic excavators with a movable operator's station as described in EN 474-1:2022, Annex B, the
ROPS and TOPS tests shall be performed with the operator station in the hydraulic excavator’s travel
position. The operator station mounted to the moving linkage components shall be attached to the upper
swing frame. The boom and any boom lift cylinders shall be attached to the upper swing frame as
applicable based on potential contact with them during the test. The test load(s) shall be applied to the
operator's station structure as specified in ISO 12117-2:2008 and ISO 12117-2:2008/Cor 1:2010 and ISO
12117-2:2008/AMD 1:2016.
The test includes the whole lifting configuration (e.g. cab riser frame and mounted cab).
4.2.3 Operator protective guards
EN 474 1:2022, 4.3.4 shall be replaced by the following:
Operator protective guards shall comply with ISO 10262:1998 and ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass less than or equal to 1 500 kg operator protective
guards are not required.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass greater than 1 500 kg fixing points for the operator
protective guards shall be provided.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass greater than 1 500 kg and equal or less than 6 000 kg
according to ISO 6016:2008, the operator protective guards shall meet the requirements of
ISO 10262:1998 and ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009, Level I.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass greater than 6 000 kg according to ISO 6016:2008, the
operator protective guards shall meet the requirements of ISO 10262:1998 and
ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009, Level II.
Hydraulic excavators used in log application shall be equipped with a front guard according to
ISO 10262:1998 and ISO 10262:1998/Cor 1:2009.
4.2.4 Defrosting system
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.2.1.4 shall apply with the following addition:
The defrosting system shall be capable of also defrosting the boom side window to meet the visibility
requirements of EN 474-1:2022, 4.8.1.
4.3 Seat
4.3.1 Adjustment
For compact excavators, EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.3 shall apply with the following addition:
For compact excavators with an operating mass ≤ 3 000 kg, the vertical adjustment of minimum 60 mm
is not required.
4.3.2 Vibration
EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.4 shall apply with the following modifications:
For excavators greater than 6 000 kg the seat shall comply with spectral class EM 6 of EN ISO 7096:2020.
NOTE This clause makes reference to EN ISO 7096:2020 even though that standard gives no performance
requirement for excavator seats.
4.3.3 Restraint system
EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.5 shall apply with the following modification:
Machines fitted with ROPS or TOPS shall have an operator restraint system that meets the requirements
specified in EN ISO 6683:2008.
4.4 Steering system
EN 474-1:2022, 4.6.1 shall apply with the following addition:
The movements of the controls for steering do not need to correspond to the intended direction of
movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
4.5 Brake systems
4.5.1 Brake systems for travelling
EN 474-1:2022, 4.7 shall apply with the following modification:
For crawler excavators less than or equal to 3 000 kg, the working tool (e.g. bucket) or a special
attachment (e.g. dozer blade) can substitute the parking brake to immobilise the machine.
4.5.2 Brake systems for swinging
Hydraulic excavators shall be equipped with swing brakes and swing locks.
Swing brakes shall comply with the requirements as defined in Annex C.
For hydraulic excavators with an operating mass less than 1 000 kg swing parking brake is not required.
Swing lock is not required if the swing parking brake complies with C.3.1.4 and C.4.2.
4.6 Operator’s field of view
4.6.1 Position of display devices
EN 474-1:2022, 4.8.1 shall apply with the modifications to ISO 5006:2017 as indicated in 4.6.1, 4.6.2 and
4.6.3.
NOTE ISO 5006:2017 covers both travel mode and operating mode for excavators (see ISO 5006:2017, 8.3.3.3).
ISO 5006:2017, 7.2 shall be replaced by the following:
The devices (e.g. CCTV display, mirror) used by the operator to view the area being monitored shall be
placed such that they are in the 180° arc centred in front of the operator.
If visibility of the portion on the rectangular boundary (RB) as defined below, is masked by the linkage
movement as defined in ISO 5006:2017, 8.3.3.3, one additional mirror may be installed in the 180°-270°
arc centred in front of the operator to provide visibility to this portion of the RB. Such a mirror shall
neither be used for the assessment of visibility on any other portion of the RB or the visibility test circle,
nor for the assessment of visibility in the travel position.
The centre of the mirror shall be used as the reference for mirror location. The mirror locations shall be
noted in the test report.
Definition of RB portion:
The portion of the RB between the intersections with the RB of a line from the inside of the track/tyre (A)
opposite to the cabin location and a line from the front edge of the track/tyre or undercarriage
attachment (B). See Figure 1.
Key
RB rectangular boundary
A track/tyre
B undercarriage attachment
1 operator's station
Figure 1 — Example of the portion RB
4.6.2 Activation of visibility aids
ISO 5006:2017, 7.4 shall apply with the following additions:
CCTV system shall automatically display the camera image when machine movement is possible, e.g.
controls are enabled.
The camera image may temporarily be cancelled by a voluntary action by the operator during reviewing
and setting of machine parameters. The camera image shall automatically return on the monitor.
The monitor may temporarily display warnings in addition to the camera image.
4.6.3 Performance requirements of visibility aids
ISO 5006:2017, 7.3 and 7.4 shall apply with the following modification.
The minimum dimension of the image of a 1,5 m height test object positioned at the RB shall be 10 mm
for every 1,2 m that the visibility aid is positioned away from the FPCP as defined in ISO 5006:2017.
This does not apply to CCTV systems with surround view. CCTV systems with surround view shall comply
with EN ISO 16001:2017, G.4.
4.7 Stability
4.7.1 General
EN 474-1:2022, 4.11 shall apply with the additions given in 4.7.1 to 4.7.3.
All rated capacities as defined hereafter are based on test and/or calculations of machines being on
horizontal level and on firm supporting surface.
The mass of the intended load, its density and the location of its centre of gravity as well as the mass of
the attachment and the quick coupler, if fitted, shall be included in the determination of the rated lift
capacity and the size/capacity of the attachment.
To provide a sufficient stability, the rated lift capacity in intended operations shall be determined in
accordance with 4.7.2 and 4.7.3.
4.7.2 Bucket and shovel application
The rated lift capacity for an excavator used in bucket or shovel application shall be determined according
to ISO 10567:2007.
The volumetric rating of the bucket or shovel shall be determined according to ISO 7451:2007 or
ISO 7546:1983.
4.7.3 Log application
The rated lift capacity in stationary log application shall be determined according to ISO 10567:2007.
The rated lift capacity in moving (driving with load, oscillating axle locked) log application shall be
determined according to ISO 10567:2007 modified by the following with a log in the most unfavourable
position:
— rated tipping load is 60 % of the tipping load.
4.8 Lifting operation
4.8.1 General
EN474-1:2022, 4.12 applies with the following modification:
For machines with a maximum rated lift capacity according to EN 474-1:2022, 3.6 greater than or equal
to 1 000 kg, at a minimum lift point radius, as defined in ISO 10567:2007, 3.5, or an overturning moment
greater than or equal to 40 000 Nm and
— where the operating mass according to ISO 6016:2008 is lower or equal to 50 t, EN 474-1:2022, 4.12
applies to all machines irrespective of their intended use;
— where the operating mass according to ISO 6016:2008 is greater than 50 t, EN474-1:2022, 4.12
applies only to machines, intended for use in lifting operations.
4.8.2 Rated lift capacity in lifting operation
EN 474-1:2022, 4.12 applies with the following addition:
The rated lift capacity in lifting operation shall be determined according to ISO 10567:2007.
4.8.3 Load capacity indicator
EN 474-1:2022, 4.12.4 does not apply.
4.8.4 Rated capacity limiting device
EN 474-1:2022, 4.12.5 does not apply.
4.8.5 Rated lift capacity chart
EN 474-1:2022, 4.12.6 shall apply with the following addition:
A chart of the rated lift capacity in lifting operation in relation to the reach and turntable position,
established by the manufacturer, shall be provided. Annex B gives an example for such a chart.
The chart(s) shall be available at the operator's station for each lifting configuration specified in the
operator's manual.
4.9 Quick coupler
For powered quick couplers (as defined in ISO 13031:2016, 3.1.1), located at the end of the arm of
hydraulic excavators, EN 474-1:2022, 4.21 shall apply with the following addition:
Quick couplers shall have a means to minimize the possibility of an attachment being inadvertently
dropped to the ground prior to correct engagement of the quick coupler system (i.e. fully engaged with
the attachment in its working position).
This means shall either:
— provide automatic mechanical locking of the first pin contacted during the process of coupling. This
automatic mechanical locking may be activated upon initial contact with the pin or upon activation
of the engagement control. The mechanical lock shall only be able to be released as part of the
disengagement function, or
— prevent the lifting of the attachment until correct engagement is achieved, or
— retain the attachment throughout the entire stroke of the bucket cylinder with the arm at an angle of
30° measured through the centreline of the boom pivot and bucket pivot, from vertical away from
the operator’s station, according to Figure 2 and with the coupler not fully engaged, or

Figure 2 — Test for the retaining feature
— provide an acoustic and a visual signal, at the operator’s station if the engagement is not complete
with the attachment in its working position.
The requirements above shall be verified with a functional test. The test shall be done with the
attachments intended to be used according to the machine manufacturer’s instructions.
4.10 Specific requirements for walking excavators
4.10.1 Visibility
EN 474-1:2022, 4.8.1 shall apply with the following additions:
The requirements of ISO 5006:2017, Table 1 for crawler excavators also apply for walking excavators.
The ground contacting part of each leg shall in all possible positions be visible from the operator's station
to ensure that the operator can place the legs on firm ground.
4.10.2 Brake system for travelling
EN 474-1:2022, 4.7 does not apply to walking excavators with not more than two wheels.
4.10.3 Roll-over protective structure (ROPS)
EN474-1:2022, 4.3.3 applies with the following modification:
Walking excavators shall be fitted with rollover protective structures (ROPS) that meet the requirements
of EN ISO 3471:2008 for backhoe-loaders of equivalent mass.
4.10.4 Stability
All leg cylinders shall be fitted with lock valves to prevent the machine from becoming unstable in case
of a hydraulic system failure.
The stability of walking excavators is determined according to EN 474-5:2022, 4.8 with the following test
conditions:
a) stabilizer and wheels (at max. spread position) extended as specified by the manufacturer;
b) levelled position of the lower side of the under carriage; approximately 350 mm above the test
surface;
c) tipping lines as shown in Figure 3;
d) at maximum reach with/without telescopic arm to the front/rear, as shown in Figure 4 and to the
side as shown in Figure 5.
Figure 3 — Tipping lines of walking excavators
Key
1 fully extended
2 fully retracted
3 measuring line (measurements in meter [m])
Figure 4 — Measurement of the tipping load to front/rear

Key
1 fully extended
2 fully retracted
3 measuring line (measurements in meter [m])
Figure 5 — Measurement of tipping load to the side
4.10.5 Recovery, towing away for recovery purposes (TARP), tying-down, lifting and
transporting
EN 474-1:2022, 4.15 shall apply with the exception of EN 474-1:2022, 4.15.2 and 4.15.5.
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction
measures
Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of Clause 4 of this document shall be
verified according to Table 1.
Table 1 sets out verification methods which shall be applied for each safety requirement in this document.
Where X(s) is indicated in the table, the corresponding verification method(s) shall be applied.
Table 1 shall be read in conjunction with the corresponding clauses.
Table 1 includes the following verification methods:
a) calculation: to establish that the requirements of this document have been met;
b) visual verification: to establish that something is present (e.g. a guard, a marking, a document);
c) measurement: to show that the required numerical values have been met (e.g. geometric dimensions,
safety distances, resistance of insulation of the electric circuits, results of physical tests);
d) functional tests: to show that the adequate signals intended to be forwarded to the main control
system of the complete machine are available and comply with the requirements and with the
technical documentation;
e) special verification: by reference to a standard which is mentioned in the corresponding clause.
Table 1 — Verification of safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General   X
4.2.1 Minimum space  X
4.2.2.1 Roll over and tip over protective structures   X
(ROPS and TOPS), General
4.2.2.2 Compact excavators   X
4.2.2.3 Hydraulic excavators with no cab riser or   X
with fixed cab riser below 500 mm
4.2.2.4 Hydraulic excavators with fixed cab riser   X
under 500 mm or with movable operator’s
station
4.2.3 Operator protective guard   X
4.2.4 Defrosting system X  X
4.3.1 Adjustment  X
4.3.2 Vibration   X
4.3.3 Restraint system   X
4.4 Steering system  X
4.5.1 Brakes system for travelling  X
4.5.2 Brake systems for swinging  X
4.6.1 Position of display devices   X
4.6.2 Activation of visibility aids   X
4.6.3 Performance requirements of visibility aids   X
4.7.1 Stability, General X
Clause number
Title
a)  Calculation
b)  Visual verification
c)  Measurement
d)  Functional test
e)  Special verification
4.7.2 Bucket and shovel application X  X
4.7.3 Log application X  X
4.8 Lifting operation X  X
4.9 Quick coupler  X
4.10.1 Visibility   X
4.10.2 Brake system for travelling   X
4.10.3 Roll-over protection structure (ROPS)   X
4.10.4 Stability X X
4.10.5 Recovery, towing away for recovery X X
purposes (TARP), tying-down, lifting and
transporting
6 Information for use
6.1 General
Information for use shall be provided in accordance with EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.4.
6.2 Machine safety labels
EN 474-1:2022, 6.2 shall apply with the following addition:
Where hazards remain despite all measures adopted or in the case of potential hazards that are not
evident, machine safety labels shall be provided and mentioned in the operator’s manual.
The hydraulic excavator shall at least be equipped with safety labels forbidding entry into the danger
zone of the machine (see for example Figures 6 and 7).
Clause number
Title
a)  Calculation
b)  Visual verification
c)  Measurement
d)  Functional test
e)  Special verification
Figure 6 — Example of warning sign — Crushing of the whole body — Stay safe distance from
hazard [SOURCE ISO 9244, combination A19 and B.3]

Figure 7 — Example of warning sign — Crushing of the whole body — Stay safe distance from
hazard [SOURCE ISO 9244:2008, C.5]
6.3 Operator's manual
EN 474-1:2022, 6.3 shall apply with the following additions:
— description of the excavator configuration required for lifting operation;
— parking procedure for compact crawler excavators;
— description of excavator stability in different applications;
— safety instructions for selection and for use of additional protective guards, see 4.2.3 (e.g. demolition
work);
— instruction shall be given for compact excavators (less than or equal to 1 500 kg) which are not fitted
with a protective guard that they shall not be used for applications where the risk of falling objects
is possible;
— special instructions for log application (reduced travelling speed, avoidance of abrupt brake- or
steering-action, central fixing of the trunk, transport-position during movement, etc.);
— necessity of a front guard and top guard, in log application;
— instructions for the functioning, the use and the deactivation of the overload warning device of
EN 474-1:2022, 4.12.3;
— lifting operation capacity chart e.g. in accordance with Annex B;
— information how mass and volumetric rating of the bucket and the density of the material shall be
taken into account when a bucket is selected for a specific application.
Annex A
(informative)
List of significant hazards
This annex contains in Table A.1 all the hazards, hazardous situations and events identified by risk
assessment as significant for hydraulic excavators and which require action to eliminate or reduce the
risk.
Table A.1 — List of significant hazards
Hazard Relevant clauses of
this document
Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
Mechanical hazards
Due to machine parts or workpieces, e.g. 4.1
by potential energy (falling objects, height from the ground, gravity)
by kinetic energy (acceleration, deceleration, moving/rotating elements) 4.1
mechanical strength, 4.1
by stored energy, e.g.: 4.1
elastic elements (springs)
Crushing hazard 4.1, 4.2.2, 4.2.3, 4.8, 4.8.2,
4.9, 4.10.3, 4.10.4
Shearing hazard 4.1
Cutting or severing hazard 4.1
Entanglement 4.1
Drawing-in or trapping hazard 4.1
Impact hazard 4.1
Stabbing or puncture hazard 4.1
Friction or abrasion hazard 4.1
Injection 4.1
Slipping, tripping and falling 4.1
Instability 4.1, 4.7, 4.8
Electrical hazards
Touching live parts 4.1
Electromagnetic phenomena 4.1
Hazard Relevant clauses of
this document
Short-circuit 4.1
Overload 4.1
Thermal hazards
Burns, scalds 4.1
Radiation of heat sources 4.1
Noise hazards
Permanent hearing loss, tinnitus 4.1
As a consequence of an interference with speech communication or with 4.1
acoustic signals
Physiological impairment (e.g. loss of balance, loss of awareness) 4.1
Vibration hazards
Vibrations transmitted to the operator when sitting during operation 4.1, 4.3.2
Portable hand-held and/or hand-guided machinery (e.g. vascular disorder, 4.1
neurological disorder)
In conjunction with a rigid position (e.g. trauma of the spine, osteo-articular 4.1
disorder, low-back morbidity)
Radiation hazards
Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation 4.1
Laser Not covered
Material/substance hazards
Hazards from contact with/or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, 4.1
fumes and dusts
Fire 4.1
Explosion 4.1
Ergonomic hazards
Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 4.1, 4.2.1, 4.3.1
Inadequate consideration of anatomy 4.1, 4.2.1, 4.3.1
Insufficient means for evacuation/emergency exit 4.1
Inadequate local lighting 4.1
Inadequate design or location of visual display units 4.1
Design, location or identification of control devices 4.1
Flicker, dazzling, shadow, stroboscopic effect 4.1
H
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