SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024
(Main)Unfired pressure vessels - Part 5: Inspection and testing
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 5: Inspection and testing
This Part of this document specifies the inspection and testing of individual and serially produced pressure vessels made of steels in accordance with EN 13445-2:2021.
Special provisions for cyclic operation are given in Annex G of this Part.
Special provisions for vessels or vessel parts working in the creep range are given in Annex F and Annex I of this Part.
NOTE The responsibilities of parties involved in the conformity assessment procedures are given in Directive 2014/68/EU. Guidance on this can be found in CR 13445-7.
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 5: Inspektion und Prüfung
Dieser Teil von EN 13445 legt die Inspektion und Prüfung von einzelnen und in Serie gefertigten Druckbehältern aus Stählen nach EN 13445-2:2021 fest.
Besondere Anforderungen für den Betrieb unter zyklischer Belastung sind in Anhang G dieses Teils enthalten.
Besondere Anforderungen für Druckbehälter oder Druckbehälterteile, die im Zeitstandbereich betrieben werden, sind in Anhang F und Anhang I dieses Teils festgelegt.
ANMERKUNG Die verantwortlichen Stellen für ein Konformitätsbewertungsverfahren sind in der Richtlinie 2014/68/EU festgelegt. Ein Leitfaden kann CR 13445-7 entnommen werden.
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 5: Inspection et contrôle
La présente partie de la Norme européenne traite de l'inspection et des contrôles des récipients sous pression construits à l'unité ou en série, à partir d'aciers conformes à l’EN 13445-2:2021.
Des dispositions particulières relatives à l’exploitation cyclique sont données dans l’Annexe G de la présente partie.
Des dispositions particulières relatives aux récipients ou parties de récipients en service dans le domaine de fluage sont données dans l’Annexe F et l’Annexe I de la présente partie.
NOTE Les responsabilités des parties impliquées dans les procédures d’évaluation de la conformité sont données dans la directive 2014/68/UE. Un guide relatif à cet aspect peut être trouvé dans le CR 13445-7.
Nekurjene tlačne posode - 5. del: Pregled in preskušanje (vključno z dopolnilom A1)
Ta del tega dokumenta določa pregled in preskušanje posameznih in serijsko proizvedenih tlačnih posod, izdelanih iz jekel v skladu s standardom EN 13445-2:2021.
Posebne določbe za ciklično delovanje so podane v dodatku G tega dela.
Posebne določbe za posode ali dele posod, ki delujejo v območju tečenja, so podane v dodatkih F in I tega dela.
OPOMBA: Odgovornosti udeležencev v postopku ugotavljanja skladnosti so navedene v direktivi 2014/68/EU. Smernice v zvezi s tem so na voljo v dokumentu CR 13445-7.
General Information
Relations
Overview
SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024 - "Unfired pressure vessels - Part 5: Inspection and testing" - specifies inspection, testing and acceptance requirements for individual and serially produced pressure vessels made of steels in accordance with EN 13445-2:2021. The Part includes provisions for routine fabrication inspection, non‑destructive testing (NDT), destructive testing, proof testing, calibration, final assessment, marking and documentation. Special provisions for cyclic operation (Annex G) and vessels operating in the creep range (Annex F and Annex I) are included. Responsibilities under conformity assessment follow Directive 2014/68/EU, with guidance referenced in CR 13445-7.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and applicability: Inspection and testing for steel unfired pressure vessels, covering single and serial production.
- Technical documentation: Required content for drawings, design calculations, test reports and manufacturing schedules.
- Inspection during fabrication: Procedures for material traceability, joint preparation, forming, heat treatment and support inspection.
- Welding controls: Verification of welder/operator qualifications, welding procedure qualification and repair inspection.
- Non‑destructive testing (NDT): Extent, methods, acceptance levels and documentation for welded joints; provisions for subcontracted NDT and NDT staging.
- Destructive testing: Scope, scheduling, verification and record keeping for destructive examinations.
- Calibration and equipment control: Calibration procedures, frequency, identification and registration of measuring equipment.
- Final assessment and proof test: Visual/dimensional checks, review of records, hydraulic or pneumatic proof testing and post‑test inspections.
- Marking and declaration: Requirements for stamping, nameplates, marking contents and declaring compliance with the standard.
- Serial production: Normative annex with limitations for serial production, prototype testing, model acceptance, quality plans and reduced inspection regimes where applicable.
- Special cases: Annexes covering cyclic operation and creep‑range behavior.
Practical applications and target users
This standard is essential for:
- Pressure vessel manufacturers and fabricators implementing quality and inspection programs.
- NDT technicians, welding supervisors and QA/QC managers responsible for inspection planning and reporting.
- Design engineers and project managers verifying manufacturing and test requirements against EN 13445 design parts.
- Notified bodies, conformity assessment bodies and regulators assessing compliance with Directive 2014/68/EU.
- Maintenance and inspection teams performing in‑service inspections, repairs and requalification.
Typical use cases: production inspection plans, NDT procedure acceptance, shop and final testing, serial production certification, documentation control, and conformity declarations.
Related standards and references
- EN 13445-2:2021 - design and materials for unfired pressure vessels (reference for material/design conformity).
- CR 13445-7 - guidance on conformity assessment (referenced for roles and responsibilities).
- Directive 2014/68/EU - pressure equipment directive (legal framework for conformity).
Keywords: SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024, unfired pressure vessels, inspection and testing, pressure vessel inspection, NDT, proof test, material traceability, welding inspection, serial production.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2024
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13445-5:2021
Nekurjene tlačne posode - 5. del: Pregled in preskušanje (vključno z dopolnilom
A1)
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 5: Inspection and testing
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 5: Inspektion und Prüfung
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 5: Inspection et contrôle
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024
ICS:
23.020.32 Tlačne posode Pressure vessels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 13445-5:2021+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN 13445-5:2021
English Version
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 5: Inspection and testing
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 5: Inspektion und
Partie 5: Inspection et contrôle Prüfung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2021 and includes Amendment approved by CEN on 30 June
2024.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Performance of inspection and testing . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Inspection . 10
4.3 Non-destructive testing (NDT) . 10
5 Technical documents . 10
5.1 General . 10
5.2 Information to be contained in the technical documents . 10
5.2.1 General . 10
5.2.2 General description of the pressure vessel . 10
5.2.3 Design and construction drawings . 11
5.2.4 Descriptions and explanations necessary for an understanding of the drawings and
diagrams and the operation of the pressure vessel. 11
5.2.5 Results of design calculations and examinations carried out . 11
5.2.6 Test reports . 13
5.2.7 Technical/manufacturing schedule . 13
5.3 Design review . 14
5.3.1 General . 14
5.3.2 Design review . 14
6 Inspection and testing during fabrication . 14
6.1 General . 14
6.2 Manufacturing procedures and construction drawings . 15
6.3 Material traceability . 15
6.3.1 General . 15
6.3.2 Special Conditions - Material marking . 15
6.4 Preparation for manufacturing processes . 15
6.4.1 General . 15
6.4.2 Joint preparation testing . 15
6.4.3 Inspection of vessel supports . 15
6.4.4 Inspection associated with forming . 16
6.4.5 Testing of areas subject to significant through thickness tensile stress . 16
6.5 Welding . 16
6.5.1 General . 16
6.5.2 Verification of welder and welding operator qualification and procedures
qualification . 16
6.5.3 Inspection of repairs . 16
6.6 Non-destructive testing of welded joints . 17
6.6.1 Extent of non-destructive testing . 17
6.6.2 Determination of extent of non-destructive testing . 20
6.6.3 Performing non-destructive testing . 28
6.6.4 Description and acceptance level of imperfections . 29
6.6.5 Stage of performance . 29
6.6.6 Procedure for non-destructive retesting . 29
6.6.7 Non-destructive testing documentation . 30
6.7 Destructive testing . 30
6.7.1 Extent of destructive testing . 30
6.7.2 Schedule for destructive testing . 30
6.7.3 Verification of destructive tests . 30
6.7.4 Records . 30
6.8 Heat-treatment . 30
7 Subcontracted items . 31
7.1 General . 31
7.2 Subcontracted non-destructive testing activities . 31
7.2.1 Use of contract NDT personnel at the premises of the vessel manufacturer . 31
7.2.2 Subcontracting of NDT at a subcontractors premises . 31
8 Miscellaneous tests . 32
9 Calibration . 32
9.1 General . 32
9.2 Calibration procedure . 32
9.2.1 General . 32
9.2.2 Calibration . 33
9.2.3 Frequency . 33
9.3 Identification . 33
9.4 Registration . 33
10 Final assessment . 34
10.1 General . 34
10.2 Extent of final assessment . 34
10.2.1 Visual and dimensional inspection . 34
10.2.2 Review of documentation . 35
10.2.3 Proof test . 35
10.2.4 Post pressure test inspection . 46
10.2.5 Inspection of safety accessories. . 46
11 Marking and declaration of compliance with the standard. . 46
11.1 General . 46
11.2 Marking method . 46
11.2.1 General . 46
11.2.2 Direct stamping . 47
11.2.3 Nameplate . 47
11.3 Marking units . 47
11.4 Marking contents . 47
11.5 Declaration of compliance with the standard . 49
12 Documents . 49
12.1 Type of documents . 49
12.2 Control and access of documents . 50
12.3 Retention of documents . 50
(normative) Inspection and testing of serially produced pressure vessels . 51
A.1 Introduction. 51
A.2 Limitations for vessels permitted to be classified as serially produced . 51
A.3 Limitations for model . 51
A.4 Prototype test . 52
A.5 Model acceptance . 52
A.6 Quality or manufacturing plan . 52
A.7 Inspection, non-destructive testing and pressure testing. 53
A.7.1 Introduction . 53
A.7.2 General NDT procedure for serially produced pressure vessels . 53
A.7.3 Pressure test for serially produced pressure vessels . 53
A.8 Marking . 53
A.9 Documentation / Certification . 53
(normative) Detailed dimensional requirements for pressure vessels . 54
(normative) !Openings for examination, closing mechanisms and special locking
elements . 56
C.1 Openings for examination . 56
C.1.1 General requirements . 56
C.1.2 Exemptions for openings for examination . 56
C.2 Types and dimensions of openings for examination . 56
C.2.1 Sightholes . 56
C.2.2 Handholes . 56
C.2.3 Headholes . 57
C.2.4 Inspection openings . 57
C.2.5 Access openings . 57
C.3 Types, location and minimum number of openings for examination . 57
C.4 Alternative requirements for sightholes openings on small vessels . 59
C.5 Closing mechanisms and special locking elements . 59
C.5.1 Purpose . 59
C.5.2 Definitions . 59
C.5.3 Materials of construction, design . 59
C.5.4 Screw clamps . 60
C.5.5 Hinged bolts . 61
C.5.6 Yoke-type closures. 62
C.5.7 Quick opening and closing devices . 62
(informative) Leak Testing . 69
D.1 General . 69
D.2 Leak testing personnel . 69
(informative) Acoustic emission . 70
E.1 General . 70
E.2 Useful standards . 70
E.3 Acoustic emission personnel . 70
E.4 Additional requirements . 70
(normative) Inspection and testing of pressure vessels or parts subject to creep . 71
F.1 General . 71
F.2 Extent of inspection and testing . 71
F.3 Performance of NDT and acceptance criteria . 73
F.4 Documents . 73
(normative) Inspection and testing of pressure vessels subject to cyclic loads . 74
G.1 General . 74
G.2 Extent of inspection and testing . 74
G.3 Performance and acceptance criteria . 74
G.4 Technical documentation, additional requirements . 75
(informative) Declaration of compliance with this standard . 76
(informative) Specific tests during construction to assist in-service inspection . 78
I.1 General . 78
I.2 Metallographic investigation. 78
I.3 Hardness measurements . 78
I.4 Dimensional measurements . 79
(informative) History of EN 13445-5 . 80
Y.1 Differences between EN 13445-5:2014 and EN 13445-5:2021. 80
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered . 81
Bibliography . 83
European foreword
This document (EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54
“Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2025, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by February 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 30 June 2024.
This document supersedes !EN 13445-5:2021".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
This new edition incorporates the Amendments which have been approved previously by CEN members,
and the corrected pages up to Issue 5 without any further technical change. Annex Y provides details of
significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition.
!deleted text"
Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through
the Migration Help Desk (MHD). Information related to the Help Desk can be found at
!https://unm.fr/en/maintenance-agencies/maintenance-agency-en-13445/". A form for
submitting questions can be downloaded from the link to the MHD website. After subject experts have
agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated to the questioner. Corrected pages will be given
specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN Rules. Interpretation sheets will be posted on
the website of the MHD.
A list of all parts in the EN 13445 series can be found on the CEN website.
Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognized that the Parts are inter-
dependant. As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the
relevant Parts in order for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
This Part of this document specifies the inspection and testing of individual and serially produced
pressure vessels made of steels in accordance with EN 13445-2:2021.
Special provisions for cyclic operation are given in Annex G of this Part.
Special provisions for vessels or vessel parts working in the creep range are given in Annex F and Annex I
of this Part.
NOTE The responsibilities of parties involved in the conformity assessment procedures are given in
Directive 2014/68/EU. Guidance on this can be found in CR 13445-7.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CEN/TR 764-6:2012, Pressure equipment — Part 6: Structure and content of operating instructions
EN 1779:1999, EN 1779:1999/A1:2003, Non-destructive testing — Leak testing — Criteria for method and
technique selection
EN 13445-1:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 1: General
EN 13445-2:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 2: Materials
EN 13445-3:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 3: Design
EN 13445-4:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 4: Fabrication
EN ISO 5817:2014, Welding — Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (beam welding
excluded) – Quality levels for imperfections (ISO 5817:2014)
EN ISO 6520-1:2007, Welding and allied processes — Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic
materials — Part 1: Fusion welding (ISO 6520-1:2007)
EN ISO 9606-1:2017, Qualification testing of welders - Fusion welding - Part 1: Steels (ISO 9606-1:2012
including Cor 1:2012 and Cor 2:2013)
!EN ISO 9712:2022, Non-destructive testing — Qualification and certification of NDT personnel
(ISO 9712:2021)"
EN ISO 14732:2013, Welding personnel — Qualification testing of welding operators and weld setters for
mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials (ISO 14732:2013)
EN ISO 17635:2016, Non-destructive testing of welds — General rules for metallic materials
(ISO 17635:2016)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp/
3.1
design review
procedure by which a manufacturer ascertains and declares that the design meets the requirements of
this standard
3.2
design approval
procedure by which a responsible authority ascertains that the design meets the requirements of this
standard
3.3
testing group
grouping which determines the appropriate level of non-destructive testing (NDT) on a welded joint
Note 1 to entry: There are four testing groups.
3.4
inspection
survey activity which assesses the compliance of the pressure vessel to the technical specification
Note 1 to entry: It is a major activity, undertaken mainly by the manufacturer during design, manufacture and
testing of equipment. It can be complemented by inspection by other parties. Inspection includes the assessment of
testing activities.
3.5
testing
procedure used to verify vessel compliance with the technical requirements of this standard by one or
more tests
3.6
technical specification
document stating requirements for a product or a procedure
3.7
repair
action or series of actions of rectifying a condition in either base material or weld to establish compliance
with this standard
3.8
serial production
manufacture of identical vessels or parts which subsequently are joined to form a complete vessel and
which are manufactured to a single model acceptance, using the same manufacturing procedure involving
a continuous fabrication process
Note 1 to entry: The definitions 3.8 to 3.13 relate to serially produced pressure vessels as described in Annex A.
3.9
continuous fabrication process
process where the welding of the main seams and branch welds is essentially continuous, that means
there are no stoppages or fabrication break-downs requiring resetting of the welding machine and/or
NDT equipment
Note 1 to entry: Adjustments to the welding machine within the welding procedure limitations do not qualify as
resetting the welding machine.
Note 2 to entry: The definitions 3.8 to 3.13 relate to serially produced pressure vessels as described in Annex A.
3.10
model acceptance
procedure which ascertains that a representative sample of the production (a prototype vessel/part)
meets the requirements of this standard in respect of design, manufacturing and testing
Note 1 to entry: Model acceptance is conducted by the manufacturer or the responsible authority depending on
the conformity assessment module chosen.
Note 2 to entry: The definitions 3.8 to 3.13 relate to serially produced pressure vessels as described in Annex A.
3.11
prototype vessel/part
first or representative sample of a series of pressure vessels/parts covered by a single model acceptance
Note 1 to entry: The definitions 3.8 to 3.13 relate to serially produced pressure vessels as described in Annex A.
3.12
batch of vessels
part of a series where the welding of the main weld joints and branch welds has been essentially
continuously produced by the same welding procedures
Note 1 to entry: The definitions 3.8 to 3.13 relate to serially produced pressure vessels as described in Annex A.
3.13
shift
period of time per day during which the welders and welding operators remain the same
Note 1 to entry: The definitions 3.8 to 3.13 relate to serially produced pressure vessels as described in Annex A.
!deleted text"
4 Performance of inspection and testing
4.1 General
Each individual vessel shall be inspected during construction and upon completion. Inspections shall be
made to ensure that in all respects the design, materials, manufacturing, and testing comply with the
requirements of this standard. Documented evidence shall be prepared to verify implementation of this
requirement.
4.2 Inspection
Inspection shall be carried out by the manufacturer to verify that all requirements of this standard have
been met. The level of non-destructive testing (NDT) shall be dependent on the testing group as described
in 4.3.
All inspections shall be carried out by qualified personnel.
4.3 Non-destructive testing (NDT)
The type and amount of non-destructive testing of a pressure vessel shall be based upon the testing group
or combination of testing groups when permitted in 6.6.1.2 (see Table 6.6.1-1: testing groups for steel
pressure vessels and Table 6.6.2-1: extent of non-destructive testing).
5 Technical documents
5.1 General
The vessel manufacturer shall document those items listed in 5.2, which shall be reviewed in accordance
with 5.3, prior to manufacture commencing.
The manufacturer shall state which vessels are covered by the same design.
5.2 Information to be contained in the technical documents
5.2.1 General
For the purposes of this standard the following types of documents shall be considered necessary as
technical documents.
5.2.2 General description of the pressure vessel
a) Name of vessel manufacturer and subcontractors, if applicable;
b) Location/s of vessel manufacturer and sub-contractors, if applicable;
c) Document describing design data and special consideration which covers:
1) maximum and minimum allowable pressures, design pressures and test pressures in bar for each
compartment (vacuum with minus sign);
2) capacity in litres for each compartment;
3) maximum and minimum design temperatures;
4) nature and location of marking of the pressure vessel, nameplate or stamp;
5) the fluid group;
6) if the vessel is designed for cyclic operation the allowed numbers of cycles, the range of action
(as defined in EN 13445-3:2021, 5.3.1) during the cycle and the locations where the cumulative
fatigue damage index D (as defined in EN 13445-3:2021, Clauses 17 and 18) is greater than 0,8.
The maximum permissible peaking shall also be given.
7) if the vessel is working in the creep range, the following additional information:
— the design life (e.g. 100 000 h) and expected life for each load case
— the parts of the vessel which are subjected to creep
— the value of the weld creep strength reduction factor which has been used for each weld joint
subjected to creep
— whether lifetime monitoring, as defined in Clause 19 of EN 13445-3:2021, is being applied
or not.
5.2.3 Design and construction drawings
The manufacturer analysis of hazards identifying those which apply to the pressure vessel on account of
action (as defined in EN 13445-3:2021, 5.3.1) shall be documented and be of sufficient detail.
Details of the design including the design methods adopted, performance criteria and construction
drawings shall be provided. Guidance about the detailed dimensional information that shall be provided
is given in Annex B. Process diagrams, sub-assemblies or other data relevant to design shall also be
maintained.
5.2.4 Descriptions and explanations necessary for an understanding of the drawings and
diagrams and the operation of the pressure vessel
a) operating instructions;
b) special checks to be carried out e.g. tests envisaged on closures, bellows, clamping bolts, etc.
c) operational position if this is significant with regard to the safety evaluation.
5.2.5 Results of design calculations and examinations carried out
5.2.5.1 Design calculations shall be provided by the vessel manufacturer to the extent necessary to
demonstrate compliance to this standard.
Supporting detailed drawings shall be prepared with all dimension notations marked. At least on the
pressure vessel general arrangement drawing, the testing group(s) shall be clearly identified.
5.2.5.2 If calculations are made with the aid of a computer software in order to comply with this
standard, then at least the following data shall be presented:
a) explanation of notations;
b) input values;
c) reference number of the standard including edition and reference number of the formula;
d) results of intermediate formulae;
e) calculated minimum thickness without additions or the calculated stress and its comparison to the
allowable stress;
f) wastage (corrosion) allowance;
g) thickness tolerance (negative thickness tolerance);
h) the chosen thickness.
5.2.5.3 In the event that stress analysis is carried out with the finite element method or other
equivalent design methods they shall be documented as follows:
a) input data;
b) graphs which show;
1) the element subdivision (mesh size);
2) the stresses, e.g. as line or arrow figures or equal stress curves; stress curves of surfaces;
3) the displacements;
c) boundary conditions;
d) the stresses in the most critical areas;
e) where appropriate, the dividing and classifying of the stresses into different stress categories;
f) the comparison of stress intensities and the allowable stress values.
5.2.5.4 In specific cases the following information shall be given:
a) type of post weld heat treatment and, where necessary, type and extent of associated material tests;
b) construction sequence schedule if the testing is to be carried out in several steps;
c) fluid(s) being contained and its (their) specific gravity, if this is required for the design of the vessel;
d) pressure testing medium, if the initial or the periodic pressure tests are to be carried out with a
medium other than water, the test minimum metal temperature for proof tests (both hydrostatic and
pneumatic);
e) position of the vessel in the pressure tests (e.g. horizontal or vertical), if this is significant with regard
to the safety evaluation;
f) maximum and minimum liquid levels, if these are required with regard to the safety evaluation;
g) static supplementary forces, e.g. bearing forces, wind and snow loads. An extra calculation shall be
presented if the supplementary forces essentially affect the design of the pressure vessel;
h) cyclic and dynamic loading, including seismic loading, where applicable;
i) additional requirements based on other regulations;
j) purchaser’s requirements based on the vessel operating conditions in addition to the requirements
of this standard;
k) possible corrosion attack, especially in crevices, which shall be taken into account;
l) joint coefficient.
5.2.6 Test reports
These shall consist, as a minimum, of the following:
a) welding procedure qualification records, certificates of qualification of welding personnel;
b) material certificates;
c) the content of the manufacturing records, including measurement of peaking for vessels subject to
cyclic loads;
5.2.7 Technical/manufacturing schedule
This shall consist of the following information:
a) the welding processes to be used for the pressure containing parts and welding of any temporary or
other attachments to pressure containing parts. The following data are required for the testing:
1) weld location, shape and preparation and where necessary build up of the layers and treatment
of welds;
2) welding process (in the case of multiple processes, identification of the process against the weld
joint);
3) welding consumables (classification according to the relevant European Standards or trade
names);
4) type and extent of production test, number of test plates, non-destructive tests;
If some of the data listed before are not available for the design review, then these shall be completed
before finishing the manufacture.
b) special checks to be carried out e.g. the tests envisaged on closures, bellows, clamping, bolts;
c) any pertinent details relative to vessel design and data required in specific cases;
1) additional wall thickness if this is required by the purchaser;
2) operational position if this is significant with regard to the safety evaluation;
3) location and size of inspection and access openings and also closing mechanisms and special
locking elements in accordance with Annex C;
4) special equipment to enter the pressure vessel (e.g. spiral stairs, climbing irons);
5) linings, e.g. of refractory and inserts, if significant with regard to the safety evaluation;
6) marking of the welds that will be made on the construction site;
7) proposals on safety;
8) proposals on process requirements such as drainage etc.
5.3 Design r
...
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Unfired pressure vessels - Part 5: Inspection and testing". This standard covers: This Part of this document specifies the inspection and testing of individual and serially produced pressure vessels made of steels in accordance with EN 13445-2:2021. Special provisions for cyclic operation are given in Annex G of this Part. Special provisions for vessels or vessel parts working in the creep range are given in Annex F and Annex I of this Part. NOTE The responsibilities of parties involved in the conformity assessment procedures are given in Directive 2014/68/EU. Guidance on this can be found in CR 13445-7.
This Part of this document specifies the inspection and testing of individual and serially produced pressure vessels made of steels in accordance with EN 13445-2:2021. Special provisions for cyclic operation are given in Annex G of this Part. Special provisions for vessels or vessel parts working in the creep range are given in Annex F and Annex I of this Part. NOTE The responsibilities of parties involved in the conformity assessment procedures are given in Directive 2014/68/EU. Guidance on this can be found in CR 13445-7.
SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 23.020.30 - Pressure vessels, gas cylinders; 23.020.32 - Pressure vessels. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 13445-5:2021, SIST EN 13445-5:2021/kFprA1:2024. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2014/68/EU; Standardization Mandates: M/601. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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The standard SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024 provides comprehensive guidelines on the inspection and testing of unfired pressure vessels, specifically addressing both individual and serially produced vessels constructed from steel, in alignment with the requirements set forth in EN 13445-2:2021. This document is integral to ensuring the integrity and safety of pressure vessels during their operation. A notable strength of this standard is its detailed specificity concerning inspection and testing protocols, which bolsters compliance and safety in handling pressure vessels. The inclusion of provisions for cyclic operation in Annex G allows for tailored inspection methodologies that accommodate the unique demands of cyclic service, enhancing the durability and reliability of pressure vessels under varying load conditions. Furthermore, the standard offers special considerations for vessels or vessel parts that operate within the creep range as delineated in Annex F and Annex I. This ensures that the unique behaviors of materials under prolonged stress and temperature are adequately addressed, thereby extending the life and functionality of pressure vessels. The relevance of SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024 cannot be overstated, as it directly ties into the framework established by Directive 2014/68/EU, which delineates the responsibilities of parties involved in conformity assessments. This connection ensures that stakeholders are adequately informed and equipped to meet regulatory standards, thereby fostering a safer working environment across industries utilizing unfired pressure vessels. Overall, the standard not only enhances the operational safety of pressure vessels but also reinforces adherence to industry regulations, positioning it as an essential document for manufacturers, engineers, and safety inspectors in the field of pressure vessel technology.
SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024は、鉄鋼製の圧力容器に関する重要な標準であり、その検査および試験に関する詳細なガイドラインを提供します。この標準は、EN 13445-2:2021に準拠した個別及び連続生産の圧力容器に焦点を当てており、特に圧力容器の検査および試験方法についての明確な基準を設定しています。 この文書の強みは、圧力容器の点検と試験に関する包括的なフレームワークを提供している点です。特に、Annex Gではサイクリック運転に関する特別な規定があり、圧力容器がサイクル運転条件下でどのように検査および試験されるべきかを明確にしています。また、Annex FおよびAnnex Iではクリープ領域で作動する機器や部品に対する特別な規定も含まれており、様々な運転条件に対する適切な評価が可能です。これにより、特定の運転条件下での安全性と信頼性を確保するための基盤が強化されています。 さらに、この標準は、EU指令2014/68/EUに定められた適合性評価手続きに関与する当事者の責任を示しており、CR 13445-7に従ったガイダンスを提供することで、コンプライアンスの確保を支援します。 全体として、SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024は、圧力容器の検査と試験において非常に実用的でタイムリーなリソースであり、業界における安全性および品質管理の向上に寄与することが期待されます。この標準は、圧力容器の専門家にとって、設計と製造プロセスのあらゆる段階において重要な指針となるでしょう。
SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024는 비가열 압력 용기의 검사 및 테스트에 관한 표준으로, EN 13445-2:2021에 따라 제작된 개별 및 연속 생산 압력 용기의 검사 및 테스트 절차를 명확히 규정하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 압력 용기의 안전성과 신뢰성을 보장하기 위한 중요한 역할을 하며, 다양한 산업 분야에서의 응용 가능성을 높이고 있습니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 주기적 운전(cyclic operation)을 위한 특별 조항이 부록 G에 명시되어 있다는 점입니다. 이는 주기적인 하중 환경에서 용기가 안전하게 작동할 수 있도록 도와주는 중요한 지침을 제공합니다. 또한, 크리프 범위에서 작동하는 용기 또는 용기 부품에 대한 특별 조항은 부록 F와 부록 I에 포함되어 있어 해당 용기들이 장기적인 하중에 대한 저항성을 갖추도록 설계되었음을 나타냅니다. 이러한 특수 조항들은 다양한 작동 조건에 맞춰진 실질적인 검사 및 테스트 프로세스를 제공하여 전반적인 안전성을 높이는 데 기여합니다. 또한, 이 표준은 2014/68/EU 지침에 따른 적합성 평가 절차에 관여하는 당사자들의 책임을 명시하고 있으며, 이와 관련된 지침은 CR 13445-7에서 확인할 수 있어 사용자들에게 명확한 방향성을 제시합니다. 이는 사용자들이 법적 요구 사항을 충족하며, 안전하게 설계된 비가열 압력 용기를 운영할 수 있도록 도움을 줍니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 13445-5:2021+A1:2024는 비가열 압력 용기의 검사 및 테스트에 필요한 포괄적인 절차와 기준을 제공하며, 이는 산업 안전을 제고하고 보다 높은 품질의 제품을 생산하는 데 기여할 것입니다. 이러한 표준은 현재 및 미래의 기술적 요구 사항에 적합한 기준으로, 모든 관련 산업에서 필수적으로 참고해야 할 문서입니다.
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