SIST EN 1371-2:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014
01-oktober-2014
/LYDUVWYR3UHLVNDYDVSHQHWULUQRWHNRþLQRGHO3UHFL]LMVNRXOLWLXOLWNL
Founding - Liquid penetrant testing - Part 2: Investment castings
Gießereiwesen - Eindringprüfung - Teil 2: Feingussstücke
Fonderie - Contrôle par ressuage - Partie 2: Pièces en moulage de précision (cire
perdue)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprEN 1371-2
ICS:
77.140.80 Železni in jekleni ulitki Iron and steel castings
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014

EUROPEAN STANDARD
FINAL DRAFT
FprEN 1371-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

September 2014
ICS 77.140.80; 77.150.99 Will supersede EN 1371-2:1998
English Version
Founding - Liquid penetrant testing - Part 2: Investment castings
Fonderie - Contrôle par ressuage - Partie 2: Pièces en Gießereiwesen - Eindringprüfung - Teil 2: Feingussstücke
moulage de précision (cire perdue)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for formal vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC
190.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprEN 1371-2:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014
FprEN 1371-2:2014 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Conditions for liquid penetrant testing .5
4 Method of testing .6
4.1 Operating mode .6
4.2 Qualification of the operators .6
4.3 Surface preparation .6
4.4 Viewing conditions .6
5 Acceptance criteria .6
5.1 Indications of discontinuities .6
5.2 Definition of liquid penetrant indications .7
5.3 Severity levels .7
6 Classification of the indications and interpretation of results .8
7 Retesting .8
8 Post cleaning and protection .8
9 Test report .9
Annex A (informative) Indicative conversion of severity levels of linear (LP) and aligned (AP)
indications . 11
Annex B (informative) Nature of discontinuities and types of corresponding liquid penetrant
indications . 12
Annex C (informative) Reference figures – Non-linear clustered indications designated CP. 13
Annex D (informative) Reference figures – Linear and aligned indications designated LP and AP . 14
Annex E (informative) Model of a liquid penetrant test report . 15
Annex F (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the
previous edition . 18
Bibliography . 19

2

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014
FprEN 1371-2:2014 (E)
Foreword
This document (FprEN 1371-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry
technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the Formal Vote.
This document will supersede EN 1371-2:1998.
Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 11 "Surface
inspection" to revise the following standard:
— EN 1371-2:1998, Founding — Liquid penetrant inspection — Part 2: Investment castings
This is one of two European Standards for liquid penetrant testing for castings.
The other standard is:
— EN 1371-1, Founding — Liquid penetrant testing — Part 1: Sand, gravity die and low pressure die
castings
Annex F provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous
edition.
3

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014
FprEN 1371-2:2014 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard complements the general principles of liquid penetrant testing given in
EN ISO 3452-1 for the additional requirements for investment castings.
The structure of this European Standard is similar to that of EN 1371-1:2011, Founding — Liquid penetrant
testing — Part 1: Sand, gravity die and low pressure die castings [1].
It has been written to take account of the difference of dimension of the reference area and the difference of
nature of discontinuities with regard to other casting processes for which EN 1371-1 is applicable.
Liquid penetrant testing as well as any other non-destructive examination method is part of a general or
specific assessment of the quality of a casting to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser at
the time of acceptance of the order.
4

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014
FprEN 1371-2:2014 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a liquid penetrant testing method for castings produced by investment
casting for general purposes.
NOTE Investment casting is sometimes referred to as lost-wax casting.
This European Standard applies to all cast metals, except copper-tin and/or copper-tin-lead alloy castings,
where copper is the major constituent (see EN 1982).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 4179, Aerospace series - Qualification and approval of personnel for non-destructive testing
EN ISO 3059, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing and magnetic particle testing - Viewing conditions
(ISO 3059)
EN ISO 3452-1, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 1: General principles (ISO 3452-1)
EN ISO 3452-2, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 2: Testing of penetrant materials (ISO 3452-
2)
EN ISO 3452-5, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 5: Penetrant testing at temperatures higher
than 50 degrees C (ISO 3452-5)
EN ISO 3452-6, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 6: Penetrant testing at temperatures lower
than 10 degrees C (ISO 3452-6)
EN ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel (ISO 9712)
3 Conditions for liquid penetrant testing
The manufacturing stage(s) when liquid penetrant testing is to be performed shall be clearly defined by
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of ordering.
The methods detailed in this standard shall only apply to the agreed surfaces of castings and the percentage
or number of castings to be checked.
For each agreed area of the casting to be inspected, the following shall be indicated:
— type of discontinuity;
— severity level.
This information enables the manufacturer to assess the additional testing and operations involved.
Sensitivity can differ depending on the method of liquid penetrant testing selected and surface conditions,
criticality of the casting and its manufacture stage. Therefore the liquid penetrants used and the method
agreed shall fit to detect the minimum required severity level.
The type of discontinuity and the severity level can vary depending on the area of the casting inspected
(see Table 1 and Table 2).
5

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014
FprEN 1371-2:2014 (E)
The conversion from the severity levels specified in EN 1371-2:1998, Table 3 [2], to the severity levels
specified in Table 2 of the present edition is given in Table A.1.
4 Method of testing
4.1 Operating mode
Testing shall be carried out as described in EN ISO 3452-1, EN ISO 3452-2, EN ISO 3452-5 and
EN ISO 3452-6. The characteristics of the penetrant materials shall be checked in accordance with
specifications to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
4.2 Qualification of the operators
Testing shall be performed by qualified personnel. The type of qualification has to be agreed between the
contracting parties (e.g. EN ISO 9712, or EN 4179, or a similar certification scheme).
4.3 Surface preparation
The surface to be inspected shall be clean, free from rust, scale, moulding residues, oil, grease, paint or any
other contaminant which can interfere with a correct testing. The surface to inspect shall be cleaned by using
mechanical or chemical methods, or a combination of these.
Shot blasting is not recommended prior to liquid penetrant testing. If shot blasting is necessary, it shall be as
light as possible, in order to avoid sealing or closing up possible discontinuities. If the risk of sealing or closing
up possible discontinuities is unacceptable then blasting shall be followed by chemical etching in order to
enable detection of discontinuities. The chemical composition of the etching bath and other parameters such
as concentration, temperature, immersion time neutralizing and rinsing, if applicable, shall be recorded.
To detect the smallest indication to be considered, the surface finish shall be in accordance with Table 3,
unless otherwise specified at the time of ordering.
The assessment of surface finish should be carried out using a visual cast-surface roughness comparator, see
EN 1370 [3].
4.4 Viewing conditions
The examination of the indications shall be carried out with the naked eye or at a minimum magnification of 3
and viewing conditions in conformity with EN ISO 3059.
5 Acceptance criteria
5.1 Indications of discontinuities
5.1.1 General
The indication of discontinuities can be non-linear (isolated or clustered), aligned or linear. Although liquid
penetrant testing cannot generally be used to determine the size of detected discontinuities, it allows
discontinuities to be assessed by measurement of the length L of the indication. In the following clauses:
— L indicates length;
— W indicates width;
— P indicates liquid penetrant;
— SP indicates non-linear isolated indication;
6

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
kSIST FprEN 1371-2:2014
FprEN 1371-2:2014 (E)
— CP indicates non-linear clustered indication;
— AP indicates aligned indication;
— LP indicates linear indication.
NOTE Based on the principle of the test method, the operator evaluates the size of the indications, not the real size
of discontinuities.
5.1.2 Criteria
The physical discontinuities shall give either a non-linear, linear or aligned liquid penetrant testing indication.
The various types of penetrant indication can correspond to the discontinuities (A, B, C, etc.) shown in
Annex B (informative).
5.2 Definition of liquid penetrant indications
a) Linear indication (LP). An indication with a largest dimension three or more times its smallest dimension
(i.e. L ≥ 3 W);
b) Non-linear indication. An indication with a largest dimension less than three times its smallest dimension
(i.e. L < 3 W):
— isolated (SP);
— clustered (CP): area of multiple indications, the distance between the indications cannot be
measured (they seem to form only one indication);
c) Aligned indication (AP). Indications that are either:
— linear: the distance between two indications is smaller than the length of the longest discontinuity in
the alignment; or
— non-linear: the distance between two indications is less than 2 mm and at least three indications are
noted.
5.3 Severity levels
5.3.1 General
Several severity levels are recognized in accordance with Table 1 and Table 2. It is necessary to carry out the
test on a surface corresponding to a given degree of finish (see Table 3) depending on the severity level
desired.
The liquid penetrant testing for each type of indication and its severity levels shall be specified at the time of
ordering, by the purchaser, depending on the use of the castings. The manufacturer shall give his agreement.
T
...