ISO 17438-1:2016

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 17438-1
ISO/TC 204 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-09-30 2014-12-30
Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for
personal and vehicle ITS station —
Part 1:
General information and use cases definition
Titre manque
ICS: 35.240.60;03.220.01
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ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)

Copyright notice
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ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 General information . 3
4.1 Document overview and structure . 3
4.2 Purpose of this standard . 3
4.3 Indoor navigation system architecture . 4
4.4 Relevant standards . 6
5 Use case overview and principles . 6
5.1 Overview . 6
6 Use case definition . 8
6.1 UC 1 Indoor navigation service cluster . 8
6.2 UC 2 Indoor navigation data cluster .13
6.3 UC 3 Indoor navigation data registry cluster .17
7 Requirements .17
7.1 Requirements for indoor map data .18
7.2 Requirements for indoor positioning reference data .19
7.3 Requirements for provisioning of indoor map data and indoor positioning
reference data .19
7.4 Requirements for indoor navigation service .19
Annex A (informative) Benefit Examples .20
Bibliography .21
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
ISO 17438 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems — Indoor
navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station:
— Part 1: General information and use cases definition
— Part 2: Requirements and specification for indoor map data format
— Part 3: Requirements and specification for indoor positioning reference data format
— Part 4: P/V and central ITS stations interface requirements and specification for Indoor positioning and
map data
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Introduction
This international standard defines requirements and specifications for indoor map data format,
positioning reference data, and Interface between the P/V ITS station and central ITS station for
supporting indoor navigation.
Applications supporting indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS stations via nomadic and mobile
device need indoor map data and positioning reference data through the existing ITS station components.
The following standards are subject to analysis in regard to their applicability in supporting indoor
navigation service provision via nomadic and mobile device.
— ISO/TR 10992, Intelligent transport systems — Use of nomadic and portable devices to support ITS
service and multimedia provision in vehicles
— ISO 14825, Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files — Overall Data Specification
— OGC 10-191r1, Requirements and Space-Event Modelling for Indoor Navigation
— OGC 12-019, OGC City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) Encoding Standard
— CEN/TS 00278207, Identification of Fixed Objects for Public Transport
— ISO 24099, Navigation Data Delivery Structures and Protocols
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for
personal and vehicle ITS station —
Part 1:
General information and use cases definition
1 Scope
This part of the standard specifies the indoor navigation system architecture including additional
components that are added to the existing ITS system and use cases in providing indoor navigation to
various types of users including drivers, passengers and pedestrians using personal and vehicle ITS
stations:
— The personal and vehicle ITS station in the role as end user terminal running indoor navigation
functionality,
— Indoor map containing indoor geometry, network topology and POI data reflecting characteristics
of indoor space,
— Indoor positioning reference data containing information of positioning infrastructure; WiFi AP,
RFID Reader, Bluetooth AP etc.,
— Data providers to provision the indoor map or indoor positioning reference data,
— Indoor data registry server to provision the information of indoor data server,
— Indoor positioning functionality in the personal and vehicle ITS station using indoor positioning
reference data,
— Indoor positioning functionality in the central ITS station using indoor positioning reference data,
— Interface between the P/V ITS station and central ITS station to communicate indoor map data and
indoor positioning reference data,
This part of standard includes “General Information” which provides a general overview and structure
about each part of the standard. It also specifies “Use Cases: related to the indoor navigation for personal
and vehicle ITS station.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited is applied. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) is applied.
ISO/TR 10992, Intelligent transport systems — Use of nomadic and portable devices to support ITS service
and multimedia provision in vehicles
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 10992 and the following
apply.
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3.1.1
ND
nomadic device
used to connect to the on-board unit and request and display information. Examples of nomadic devices
are PDAs, mobile phones, smart phones, etc
3.1.2
indoor navigation
location based service to guide user to destination using indoor map data and the current location of the
user in indoor space
3.1.3
indoor space
area limited to a building or a structure and not outside
3.1.4
indoor map data
data to present information about indoor space. It includes indoor geometry, network topology, and POI
data
3.1.5
indoor positioning reference data
group of information which can be used to determine a ND or user’s position. Detailed compositions
vary depending on the positioning technologies, such as WiFi, RFID etc
3.1.6
indoor positioning
process of deciding location of P/V ITS station in the indoor space
3.1.7
indoor-outdoor seamless navigation
route guidance service between indoor and outdoor and/or vice versa
3.2 Abbreviated terms
RFID Radio Frequency Identification
ND Nomadic Device
RP Route Planning
RG Route Guidance
TBT Turn By Turn
POI Point Of Interest
GPS Global Positioning System
PND Personal Navigation Device
P/V Personal/Vehicle
XML Extensible Mark-up Language
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4 General information
4.1 Document overview and structure
This standard provides all documents and references required to support the implementation of indoor
navigation. The standard consists of the following documents.
— Part 1: General information and use case definitions
This part provides an overview of the document set and structure along with the use case definitions
and a common set of resources (definitions, references) for all subsequent parts.
— Part 2: Requirements and specification for indoor map data format
This part specifies all technical requirements and a materialized specification for the map exchange
when a P/V ITS station downloads indoor map data from central ITS station.
— Part 3: Requirements and specification for indoor positioning reference data format
This part specifies all technical requirements in regards to the indoor positioning reference data
format which are used to determine locations of P/V stations with reference to the corresponding
indoor map data.
— Part 4: Requirements and specification for interface between P/V and central ITS stations
This part specifies the interface requirements for map and indoor positioning reference data related
to the personal, vehicle and central ITS stations.
Figure 1 depicts the document structure of the “Indoor navigation for P/V ITS stations” document set.
Indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station
Part 3 Part 4
Part 2
Part 1 Requirements and Requirements and
Requirements and
specification for indoor specification for interface
General information and use
specification for indoor map
cases Definition positioning reference data between P/V ITS station and
data formats
format central ITS station
Figure 1 — Document structure
4.2 Purpose of this standard
The main purposes of this standard are to:
a) Identify the requirements for indoor navigation,
b) Identify the usability of existing International Standards for indoor navigation,
c) Identify additional works required to develop the specification of indoor map and indoor positioning
reference data format,
d) Identify additional works required to develop common software interfaces between a P/V ITS
station and a central ITS station.
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4.3 Indoor navigation system architecture
By default, indoor navigation system architecture follows the existing ITS communication architecture
with additional indoor navigation functionality. Therefore, the following four basic components are also
included in the indoor navigation architecture:
— the vehicle subsystem component (Vehicle Station),
— the mobile subsystem component (Personal Station),
— the roadside subsystem component (Roadside Station),
— the central subsystem component (Central Station).
However, in the indoor navigation system architecture, the vehicle station and personal station share
the same functionalities and roles in the aspect of a mobile user. Therefore, in this standard, the two
components will be referred to a combined component called “P/V ITS Station”.
To offer indoor navigation functionality, additional necessary elements are defined as follows.
— the indoor map data
— the indoor positioning reference data
— the indoor map data provider
— the indoor positioning reference data provider with indoor positioning engine
— the indoor data registry server
— the indoor navigation function modules in the personal, vehicle and central ITS stations
— the indoor positioning infrastructure
Figure 2 depicts the indoor navigation system designed for ITS.
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Key
1 P/V ITS Station – Mobile subsystem component and Vehicle subsystem component
2 Central ITS Station – Central subsystem component
3 Roadside ITS Station – Roadside subsystem component
4 Indoor Positioning Infrastructure– Indoor positioning subsystem component
5 Indoor Data Server – Local data server component
6 Indoor Data Registry Server – Management subsystem component for indoor map and indoor positioning
reference data
7 Indoor Map data Provider – Indoor map gathering subsystem component
8 Indoor Positioning Reference data Provider – Indoor positioning reference data gathering subsystem
component
9 Indoor navigation – Function module for indoor navigation
Figure 2 — Indoor navigation architecture
Indoor navigation system consists of four components added to the existing system. The first component
is the indoor data server which generates and provides indoor map data and indoor positioning
reference data for indoor navigation application. Since there are numerous buildings and structures,
providers can construct each indoor map data independently. Hence, each indoor map data would be
placed ubiquitously, whereas these data will be separately managed by the data servers.
The second component is the indoor data registry server in a central ITS station which manages metadata
for indoor map data. When indoor map data are requested by a P/V ITS station, the indoor data registry
server, whose URL is already known to the P/V ITS station, replies to the P/V ITS station with a URL of
an indoor data server managing the requested indoor map data. The P/V ITS station then connects to
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the indoor data server to retrieve the necessary data. The indoor positioning reference data can also be
provided in the same way.
There can be many indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data providers, so standard format
for indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data are required to increase the interoperability
of the constructed indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data.
The third one is indoor positioning infrastructure. There are many indoor positioning methods according
to indoor positioning infrastructure. These infrastructures often play the same role of roadside ITS
station while indoor positioning reference data should have information about the infrastructure,
position, ID, etc.
The last component is the indoor navigation function module in the P/V ITS station. After downloading
indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data, indoor navigation applications display the
indoor map data and inform the user his or her current location in the indoor space. Users may search
for POIs and plan the indoor route with the given destination information. In the case of server based
navigation, indoor navigation function module is also available at the Central ITS station.
4.4 Relevant standards
ISO 14825 Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files — Overall Data Specification specifies
the conceptual and logical data model and physical encoding formats for geographic databases for
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) applications and services. Indoor map data format of this standard
will refer to ISO 14825 especially for indoor and outdoor seamless navigation.
OGC IndoorGML is a candidate OGC standard based on prior discussion of OGC 10-191r1 Requirements
and Space-Event Modelling for Indoor Navigation. IndoorGML is an open data model and XML schema for
indoor spatial information. Especially, this model focus on topological relationships between divided
spaces depending on semantic usage. For end user, these relationships are represented in network data
for indoor navigation. Indoor map data of this standard will refer to concept and contents of IndoorGML.
OGC 12-019 OGC City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) Encoding Standard is a common information
model and XML-based encoding for the representation, storage, and exchange of virtual 3D city and
landscape models. LOD4 (Level of Detail 4) of this model handle indoor space. Indoor map data format
of this standard will refer to CityGML.
CEN/TS 00278207 Identification of Fixed Objects for Public Transport is a reference data model describing
access to public transportation. Indoor navigation could be related to public transportation hubs and
facilities (such as doorway, platform, and bus stops). This standard refers to IFOPT model for public
transport features.
ISO 24099 Navigation Data Delivery Structures and Protocols defines the data structures and protocol(s)
used in intelligent transport system (ITS) applications for the delivery and update of map-related data
from Service Centre (SC) to users [(In-vehicle Systems (IVS)]. This standard refers to ISO 24099 for
interface between P/V and central ITS stations.
5 Use case overview and principles
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 Basic principles for use case definition
Basic principles have been established as a guideline to define the use cases:
a) Use cases are categorized by functions of indoor navigation service and indoor data operation.
b) Indoor navigation use cases include existing navigation functions. Additionally, special cases of
indoor space are defined: seamlessness between indoor and outdoor, indoor positioning, and so on.
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c) The use cases in this standard define end user’s request of the indoor data to central ITS station for
indoor navigation service.
d) Central ITS station collects indoor data server information and provisions the information to P/V
ITS station.
e) Actors (end user), of the use cases, including P/V ITS station in this standard, are any customer (e.g.
drivers, pedestrians) who wants to use indoor navigation service via ND (e.g. Smart Phone, Personal
Navigation Device) in order to get the indoor information which include a routing information and
general/detail information of specific place.
5.1.2 Use case clusters
Table 1 provides an overview about the different use case categories. The use cases are grouped into use
case clusters.
Table 1 — Use case clusters
No. Title of use case cluster Brief description
1 Indoor navigation service The use cases belonging to this cluster describe six main functions of
the indoor navigation service and special cases for indoor space.
2 Indoor navigation data The use cases belonging to this cluster describe the format of essential
data for indoor navigation, which are indoor map data including emer-
gency situation information, and indoor positioning reference data.
3 Indoor navigation data registry The use cases belonging to this cluster describe how indoor data pro-
vider provides indoor navigation data to P/V ITS station.
Detailed definitions of each use case are defined in Clause 6.
Figure 3 depicts all use case clusters and associated use cases. The arrows and circles indicate the
dependencies and workflow between the use cases.
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UC 1: Indoor navigation service cluster
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
Indoor navigation basic flow for end
Indoor map Indoor Indoor route Indoor route Indoor POI
user
display positioning planning guidance search
Positioning & searching destination
1.7
   Start point 1.6 1.8
   End point
Server based indoor Server based indoor Server based indoor
route planning route guidance
positioning
Downloading indoor data
1.10 1.11
1.9
Indoor map data Indoor positioning
Server based indoor
   Indoor map and
reference data
POI search information request
   positioning referenc e data
information request
1.12 1.13 1.14
Reception of
Indoor map data Indoor positioning
Indoor route planning
download reference data emergency situation
download information
   Seamless route planning between
   indoor and outdoor
UC 2: Indoor navigation data cluster
2.1 2.2 2.3
Indoor map data Indoor map data update Indoor map data
Indoor route guidance
generation registration
   Seamless route guidance between
2.4 2.5 2.6
   indoor and outdoor
Indoor map data provision Indoor positioning Indoor positioning
reference data generation reference data update
2.7 2.8 2.9
Arrive at destination
Indoor positioning Indoor positioning Provisioning emergency
reference data registration reference data provision situation information
UC 3: Indoor navigation data registry cluster
3.1
3.2
Indoor data information
Indoor data information
registration and provision
management
Figure 3 — Use case workflow and dependencies
6 Use case definition
6.1 UC 1 Indoor navigation service cluster
6.1.1 UC 1.1 Indoor map display
Table 2 specifies the use case in which P/V ITS station displays indoor map data given binary or XML
form of indoor map data.
Table 2 — Indoor map display
Use case name Indoor map display
Actor P/V ITS station (initiated by user interaction or automatically)
Goal Display indoor map data
Use case input Indoor map data (binary or XML)
Use case output Display the indoor map data on the screen of a P/V ITS Station
Brief description Indoor map data consist of, geometry data for indoor space, network topology and POI.
Map display module shows these indoor map data which can be displayed in 2D or 3D
forms.
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6.1.2 UC 1.2 Indoor positioning
Table 3 specifies the use case in which P/V ITS station determines the user’s location with indoor
positioning reference data and measured value from indoor positioning infrastructure.
Table 3 — Indoor positioning
Use case name Indoor positioning
Actor P/V ITS station (initiated by user interaction or automatically)
Goal Determines the P/V ITS station location
Use case input Indoor positioning reference data and measured value from indoor positioning infrastruc-
ture
Use case output Location of the P/V ITS station
Brief description Given indoor positioning reference data and some additionally measured values of the P/V
ITS station, the P/V station determines the location of the station. The input and output of
this use case is dependent on the positioning technology.
6.1.3 UC 1.3 Indoor route planning
Table 4 specifies the procedure to obtain a list of searched links in network data to find the indoor route
to destination with start point, end points, way point, and route plan option.
Table 4 — Indoor route planning
Use case name Indoor route planning
Actor P/V ITS station (initiated by user interaction or automatically)
Goal Find route from start point to end point
Use case input Start point, end point, way points and route plan option
Use case output List of searched links in network data
Brief description Indoor route planning is the path finding function to the destination. Start point, way
points and end point are set by user. Route plan option depends on the type of the pedes-
trian can be categorized by certain criteria such as disabled/non-disabled person, a use of
wheelchair, a use of stairs or elevator and time constraint.
6.1.4 UC 1.4 Indoor route guidance
Table 5 defines the use case in which P/V station provides guidance information to destination with
route planning result and the current location of the user.
Table 5 — Indoor route guidance
Use case name Indoor route guidance
Actor P/V ITS station (initiated by user interaction or automatically)
Goal Guide the route to user
Use case input Rout
...