ISO/TC 204/WG 17 - Nomadic Devices in ITS Systems

This document defines the data exchange protocol used to implement use cases for applications based on the personal ITS station defined in ISO 13111-1, which provides and maintains ITS services to travellers, including drivers, passengers and pedestrians. The ITS applications supported by this document include multimodal transportation information services and multimodal navigation services that are based on personal ITS stations in various application scenarios defined in ISO 13111-1. The use case implementations described in this document refer to the architecture defined in ISO 21217 and ISO 13184.

This document specifies a method for the determination of fuel consumption and resulting CO2 emissions to enable fleet managers to reduce fuel costs and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in a sustainable manner. The fuel consumption determination is achieved by extracting trip data and speed profiles from the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver of a nomadic device (ND), by sending it via mobile communication to a database server and by calculating the deviation of the mechanical energy contributions of: a) aerodynamics, b) rolling friction, c) acceleration/braking, d) slope resistance, and e) standstill, relative to a given reference driving cycle in [%]. As the mechanical energy consumption of the reference cycle is known by measurement with a set of static vehicle configuration parameters, the methodology enables drivers, fleet managers or logistics service providers to calculate and analyse fuel consumption and CO2 emissions per trip by simply collecting trip data with a GNSS receiver included in an ND inside a moving vehicle. In addition to the on-trip and post-trip monitoring of energy consumption (fuel, CO2), the solution also provides information about eco-friendly driving behaviour and road conditions for better ex-ante and ex-post trip planning. Therefore, the solution also allows floating cars to evaluate the impact of specific traffic management actions taken by public authorities with the objective of achieving GHG reductions within a given road network. The ND is not aware of the characteristics of the vehicle. The connection between dynamic data collected by the ND and the static vehicle configuration parameters is out of scope of this document. This connection is implementation-dependent for a software or application using the described methodology which includes static vehicle parameters and dynamic speed profiles per second from the ND. Considerations of privacy and data protection of the data collected by a ND are not within the scope of this document, which only describes the methodology based on such data. However, software and application developers using the methodology need to carefully consider those issues. Nowadays, most countries and companies are required to be compliant with strict and transparent local regulations on privacy and to have the corresponding approval boards and certification regulations in force before bringing new products to the market.

This document specifies the data structure and data exchange procedure related to micro mobility service applications utilizing a P-ITS-S (i.e. nomadic devices), including car sharing, parcel delivery and first-mile and last-mile connections. In addition, this document delivers related requirements for the development and operation of the service platform between nomadic devices and micro mobility with intelligent transport systems (ITS) technologies. This document defines a data structure and data exchange procedure based on the datasets and messages which are defined in ISO 22085-2.

This document provides information and requirements for identifying cost-effective technologies and related standards required to deploy, manage and operate sustainable “green” ITS technologies in surface transportations with eco-mobility. These ITS technologies can increase operational efficiencies and unlock enhanced transportation safety and eco-mobility applications. The ISO 20529 series builds on the existing standards and best practices of transport operation and management systems, as well as ITS applications, and aims to accommodate the specific needs of eco-mobility. G-ITS standards are expected to focus on the use of data exchange interface standards to enable the deployment of cloud-based multi-modal mobility solutions using wireless networks and nomadic devices. These forward-looking solutions are “infrastructure light” and can thus impact developing regions with little or no legacy transportation infrastructure. This document is intended to provide mobility information according to user preference on demand, utilizing a variety of existing apps on nomadic devices related to various means of transport. An integrated mobility information platform is defined in this document as a service methodology to be integrated with a variety of mobile apps with respect to different modes of transport. The framework described in this document includes: — Identification of implementation aspects of related standards by means of use case. — Identification of the multi-modal transport information necessary to support G-ITS. — Eco-friendly route guidance according to user preference. — Smart modal choice service based on carbon footprint, fuel efficiency and carbon-free zones for G-ITS.

This document provides definitions of functional requirements for connectivity among nomadic devices, cloud servers and micro mobility during pre-trip, post-trip and while driving, which is defined in ISO/TR 22085-1, and datasets for providing seamless mobility service. In addition, it also delivers related standards required to develop and operate the service platform between a nomadic device and micro mobility with intelligent transport systems (ITS) technologies. The functional requirements and the datasets can be used as a measure of exchanging information required to promote micro mobility as a new type of urban and rural transport mode, and so increase the possibility of being included in an integrated mobility and parcel delivery system. This document defines functional requirements and messages set by use case and a dataset of each message to provide services for use cases, which are defined in ISO/TR 22085-1 as follows: — Pre-trip (Use case 1.1-1.5) — En-route (Use case 2.1-2.7) — Post-trip (Use case 3.1-3.4)

This document defines the use cases and general requirements for supporting emergency services via P-ITS-S. Any automotive-related service providers can refer to this document for developing eCall service systems into eCall non-supportive vehicles. The P-ITS-S acts as a monitoring and data transmitting device which gathers a vehicle's speed, impact and airbag deployment signal to assess the accident occurrence and type of accident. Once gathered data has been determined as an accident, accident related information is sent to an emergency service centre. Only notable events, such as an airbag-deployed event, rollover and stationary accident, are concerned by this document. In addition, the vehicle data gathering device requirement and implementation methodology for the emergency service are not applicable to this document.

This document gives guidelines for providing mobility information according to user preference on demand, utilizing a variety of existing applications on nomadic devices related to different means of transport. This document defines an integrated mobility information platform as a service methodology to be integrated with a variety of mobile apps with respect to different transport modes. This document defines the following urban mobility applications: — guidance documents to facilitate the practical implementation of identified standards in the transportation planning process, including related use cases; — provision of urban mobility information integrated with a variety of mobile apps on nomadic devices by multiple transport modes for collecting trip production and attraction data; — modal choice data based on time effectiveness, cost effectiveness, and eco-effectiveness in the trip distribution from origins to destinations.

This document specifies a conformance test for a UVIP server and client system developer assessment of self-conformance of the supplier's UVIP server and client system. The conformance test cases follow the use cases definition of ISO 13185-1 and the requirements stated in ISO 13185-2 and ISO 13185-3. The purpose of this document is to provide information to the UVIP server and client system provider to build and test the UVIP server and client system against the conformance test cases.

This document defines framework architecture for plug and play (PnP) vehicles and identifies the issues related to exchanging information between occupants (users) and PnP vehicles with nomadic devices. The purpose of architecture is to enhance PnP vehicles and the occupants' safety state by exchanging the information/availability from PnP vehicles and occupants' information/status. The function of frame architecture is to define message follows and its effect on safety state between a PnP vehicle and the occupants. This document specifies the framework of safety state representation between the PnP vehicle and the occupants. The state of the PnP vehicle depending on the PnP vehicle's equipment informs the occupants, and the status of the occupants is also transmitted to the PnP vehicle where status information is delivered by nomadic devices.

This document provides the service framework to identify the connectivity between nomadic devices, cloud servers and micro-mobility in pre-trip, en-route and post-trip. The service framework can promote micro-mobility as a new type of urban and rural transport mode and increase the possibility to be included in an integrated mobility system. Micro-mobility can be defined as a small or compact sized electric vehicle. Normally, it is designed to be used as a first-mile and last-mile service connecting public transit routes or to provide personal mobility with one or two passengers for a short distance trip. The vehicle types of micro-mobility are very wide, including three or four wheeled micro electric vehicle, electric utility task vehicle, electric bike, electric kick scooter, electric skateboard, and electric self-balancing unicycles. This document focuses on three or four wheeled micro electric vehicle. The nomadic device service framework aims to accommodate the specific needs of integrated mobility services for either urban or rural areas. The service framework focuses on the use of data exchange interface standards between micro-mobility and nomadic devices to enable the development of cloud-based intelligent transport systems (ITS) using wireless networks. A nomadic device needs to be connected with micro-mobility reliably and consistently. In addition, it is necessary to provide power supply interface for stable nomadic device operation. The service framework and use cases described in this document include: — The service framework architecture between nomadic devices, micro-mobility and cloud servers. — Use cases that are are divided into three categories including pre-trip, en-route, and post-trip: — Pre-trip service configuration: the pre-trip use cases provide micro-mobility information, on-demand navigation service with charging station and available parking lots, and reserving micro-mobility car sharing services. — En-route service configuration: the en-route use cases provide ITS information, e.g. traffic conditions, safety information, and toll service. The use cases also provide information on available parking lots and charging stations when the micro-mobility vehicle approaches a destination. — Post-trip service configuration: the post-trip use cases provide micro-mobility driving records, battery level, parking location information, and a return service for shared micro-mobility. — Guidance documents to facilitate the practical implementation of diverse ITS service providers including related use cases. This work includes the identification of existing ISO/TC 204 International Standards in ITS and existing vehicle communication network access standards.

This document defines detailed use cases, requirements and message specifications for supporting indoor navigation functionality between a personal/vehicle (P/V) ITS station and a central ITS station. This document defines: a) Clusters of use cases based on processing flows for indoor navigation between a P/V ITS station and a central ITS station; b) Detailed use cases derived from the clusters of use cases for indoor navigation; c) Message specifications to support some of the detailed use cases. The message specifications include mandatory, conditional and optional elements. This document is only applicable to the core flow for the navigational functionality in indoor space. The following issues which are adjunctive but essential for commercial navigation services are beyond the scope of this document: — Authorized and authenticated access of users and services, including security; — Payment; — Preparation of indoor data which are necessary for indoor navigation; — Detailed data formats for indoor navigation data, including indoor maps and indoor positioning references (these form a part of ISO 17438-2[1] and ISO 17438-3[2]); — How to transfer and share data required for indoor navigation between a roadside ITS station and a central ITS station, i.e. low-level communication protocols; — Other issues dependent on implementation of an instance of indoor navigation, e.g. indoor-outdoor seamless navigation. This document uses the XML and Data eXchange Message (DXM) format defined in ISO 13184-2 to encode defined messages. [1] Under development. Current stage 0.00. [2] Under development. Current stage 0.00.

This document provides the framework guidelines on technologies related to the network-based precise positioning infrastructure for land transportation (NETPPI-LT) that allows land transportation users or objects carrying nomadic devices, equipped with low-cost global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) receivers and wireless communication transceivers, to perform lane-level positioning and integrity monitoring. These technologies will unlock enhanced intelligent transport systems (ITS) services and applications and will increase traffic operation/management efficiencies and traffic safety by reducing economic and social costs from traffic jams, traffic accidents, and environmental pollution. The framework described in this document includes: — reference architecture for the NETPPI-LT enabling lane-level positioning and integrity monitoring on personal ITS devices; — guidelines for providing a real-time lane-level positioning service based on GNSS with the aid of the NETPPI-LT; — guidelines to facilitate the practical implementation of the NETPPI-LT for engineers including related use cases.

This document specifies the server and client APIs of the Unified Gateway Protocol (UGP). Figure 1 shows an overview of the UGP client and server API. A UGP client application on a P-ITS-S communicates with a UGP server application on a V-ITS-S. The UGP client application implements the UGP client API using ISO 13185-2. The UGP server application implements the UGP server API using ISO 13185-2.

ISO 13184-3:2017 specifies conformance tests for a self-conformance assessment of the supplier's P-ITS-S system. The conformance test cases follow the use case definition of ISO/TR 13184‑1 and the requirements stated in ISO 13184‑2 based on the Data eXchange Message (DXM) at the application level regarding the safety warning and parking guide services between - the Vehicle ITS Station (V-ITS-S) installed in the vehicle, or - a Personal ITS Station (P-ITS-S), e.g. Nomadic Device, in a vehicle or used by a pedestrian, and - a Roadside ITS Station (R-ITS-S) installed at the roadside. The primary but not exclusive purpose of this document is to provide information to the P-ITS-S system provider to build and test the P-ITS-S system against the conformance test cases. This final step in the development process of the P-ITS-S system ensures providers that their P-ITS-S system meets a high degree of functional requirements expected by the end user.

ISO/TR 10992-2:2017 specifies the introduction of multimedia and telematics nomadic devices in the public transport and automotive world to support intelligent transport systems (ITS) service provisions and multimedia use such as passenger information, automotive information, driver advisory and warning systems, and entertainment system interfaces to ITS service providers and motor vehicle communication networks. ISO/TR 10992-2:2017 focuses on the convergence software framework to identify mobile cloud connectivity services while driving utilizing nomadic device application for intelligent transport systems (ITS) technologies in vehicles. The use cases described in this document include: - IVI interaction configuration This competence is provided by automatic application suppliers. - Biosignal measurement configuration This competence is provided by IT application companies. - Cloud service configuration This competence is provided by third-party providers such as parking service providers and insurance service providers. ISO/TR 10992-2:2017 includes the identification of existing International Standards for ITS in ISO/TC 204 and existing vehicle communication network access standards.

ISO/TR 20529-1:2017 provides the framework guideline for identifying cost-effective technologies and related standards required to deploy, manage and operate sustainable "green" intelligent transport systems (ITS) technologies in surface transportations with eco-mobility. These ITS technologies can increase operational efficiencies and unlock enhanced transportation safety and eco-mobility applications. The green ITS standard framework builds on the existing standards and best practices of transport operation and management systems, as well as ITS applications, and aims to accommodate to the specific needs of eco-mobility in either mega cities or developing countries. The G-ITS standards would expect to focus on the use of data exchange interface standards to enable the deployment of cloud-based multi-modal mobility solutions using wireless networks and nomadic devices. These forward-looking solutions are "infrastructure light" and thus can impact developing regions with little or no legacy transportation infrastructure. The framework described in ISO/TR 20529-1:2017 includes: - G-ITS standard common framework including gap analysis of existing ITS standards; - Guidance documents to facilitate the practical implementation of identified standards by policy makers and engineers including related use cases. ISO/TR 20529-1:2017 includes the identification of existing International Standards for ITS in ISO/TC 204 and existing vehicle communication network access standards.

ISO 13111-1:2017 defines the general information and use cases of the applications based on the personal ITS station to provide and maintain ITS services to travellers including drivers, passengers and pedestrians. The ITS applications supported by ISO 13111-1:2017 include multi-modal transportation information service and multimodal navigation service which are based on personal ITS stations in various application scenarios as follows. - Slow transport information service and navigation service such as pedestrians, bicycles and disabled (wheelchair accessible) navigation, as well as internal traffic navigation inside the local transport area. - Transfer information service. The considered application environment includes the transfer information service in a transfer node such as the integrated transportation hub, bus stations, car parking lot, an indoor transfer area, etc. - Multi-modal traffic information service. Types of traffic information include real-time road traffic information, public transport operating information, service information for pedestrians' road network and service information for transfer node such as integrated transportation hub, bus stations, car parking lot, an indoor transfer area, etc. - Multi-modal navigation service. Includes static and dynamic multi-modal routing and re-routing service, as well as real-time guidance service with voice/image/text/map drawings. - Communities activities. For example, a team travel when a group of vehicles (or bicycles) track the lead vehicle on the way to the same destination.

ISO 13184-2:2016 specifies the road guidance use cases on the DXM to provide the real-time decision support system to drivers or pedestrians using P-ITS-S. The road guidance protocol (RGP) is an instantiation of the data exchange message (DXM), which represents a generic message to exchange data between ITS stations. The RGP defines an interoperable service protocol between P-ITS-S and R-ITS-S for exchanging data elements. This part of ISO 13184 specifies the following: - Reference architecture for real-time decision support system. This reference architecture provides a general structure for the real-time decision support system and the method of message exchange between the P-ITS-S and the R-ITS-S. This reference architecture is used to build the interconnections between the P-ITS-S and the R-ITS-S. - Technique of application protocol design for various use cases on a P-ITS-S. This technique adopts a flexible and extendable protocol design. In many cases, the application protocol for the ITS is designed to provide a set of messages that is dependent on the use cases and the message exchange method. However, it is not easy to enumerate all use cases for some applications. The use cases can be changed or enhanced frequently. For this type of application, the protocol design, depending on the use cases, is not appropriate. This part of ISO 13184 provides a general technique of designing the road guidance application protocol based on the use cases. - Primitive data element. The primitive data element will be commonly used to configure the safety warning and parking guide service in the form of speed, location and time. - Use cases at the road and parking spaces for warning and parking guide. This part of ISO 13184 describes the use cases applicable to the communication services between the P-ITS-S and the R-ITS-S for the purposes of providing safety warning and parking guidance. ISO 13184 (all parts) have been aligned according to the requirements specified in ISO 21217, ISO/TS 17419 and ISO/TS 17423. ISO 13184-2:2016 only specifies the RGP messages based on the DXM definition (see Annex B and Annex C) at real-time. The content of the RGP messages are based on the definition of road guidance use cases as documented in ISO 13184?1. This part of ISO 13184 implements ITS-SU objects, which is a general reference to ITS application objects, ITS message sets and other objects which may require globally unique identification and registration. The management of ITS-SU objects is many-fold, e.g. specified in ISO 24102?4, ISO 24102?5, ISO 24102?6, ISO 24102?7, ISO 24102?8 and ISO 24102?9, and in CEN/ISO/TS 17423. This part of ISO 13184 implements authorized and controlled operation of ITS-SU objects, which requires considerations of ITS-SU object identifiers, i.e. ITS-AID, ITS-MsgSetID, ITS-SUID, ITS-SCUID, addresses and protocol identifiers used in the communication protocol stack of an ITS-S, and others. NOTE The accuracy of the navigation and positioning system as input to the Road Guidance application is important for road guidance but is not part of the ISO 13184 series. Detailed information about crossroads is needed for implementation of Road Guidance applications.

ISO 17438-1:2016 specifies the indoor navigation system architecture including additional components that are added to the existing ITS system and use cases in providing indoor navigation to various types of users including drivers, passengers, and pedestrians using personal and vehicle ITS stations. - The personal and vehicle ITS station in the role of end user terminal running indoor navigation functionality. - Indoor map containing indoor geometry, network topology, and POI data reflecting characteristics of indoor space. - Indoor positioning reference data containing information of positioning infrastructure: WiFi AP, RFID Reader, Bluetooth AP, etc. - Data providers to provision the indoor map or indoor positioning reference data. - Indoor data server registry to provision the information of indoor data server. - Indoor positioning functionality in the personal and vehicle ITS station using indoor positioning reference data. - Indoor positioning functionality in the central ITS station using indoor positioning reference data. - Interface between the P/V ITS station and central ITS station to communicate indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data. ISO 17438-1:2016 includes "General Information", which provides a general overview and structure of each part of ISO 17438. It also specifies "Use Cases" related to the indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS stations.

ISO 13185-2:2015 specifies the requirements of an ASN.1-based protocol between a vehicle-ITS-Station Gateway (V-ITS-SG) and a nomadic and/or mobile device (ND) to easily exchange vehicle information data. The ASN.1-based protocol has been specified to support a wired or wireless connection between the ND and V-ITS-SG. The Unified Gateway Protocol (UGP) is used between the V-ITS-SG and the ND. UGP supports several features in order to provide · authorization (data privacy), · secured access, · V-ITS-SG and in-vehicle ECUs identification, · real-time vehicle data parameters with identifier and type information in ASN.1 format, and · enhanced vehicle data parameters with identifier and type information in ASN.1 format.

ISO/TR 13184-1:2013 specifies guidance information protocol to provide real-time decision support system to drivers or pedestrians using personal ITS stations: a) Reference architecture for real-time decision support systems This reference architecture provides a general structure for real-time decision support systems and the method of message exchange between the personal ITS station and the roadside ITS station. This reference architecture is used to build the interconnections between personal ITS stations and roadside ITS stations. b) Design method of application protocols for light-weighted devices This method is a flexible application protocol for safety warning and parking guidance services. Unlike many other application protocols in the ITS and Telematics domains, this protocol makes the client part independent of use cases for supporting light-weighted devices. c) Use cases at the road and parking bays for warning and parking guide ISO/TR 13184-1:2013 describes the use cases applicable to the communication services between personal ITS stations and roadside ITS stations for the purposes of providing safety warning and parking guidance.

ISO/TR 13185-1:2012 specifies the communications architecture and generic protocol to provide and maintain ITS services to travellers (including drivers, passengers and pedestrians), using nomadic and portable devices.

ISO/TR 10992:2011 specifies the introduction of multimedia and telematics nomadic devices in the public transport and automotive world to support intelligent transport systems (ITS) service provisions and multimedia use such as passenger information, automotive information, driver advisory and warning systems, and entertainment system interfaces to ITS service providers and motor vehicle communication networks.