ISO/IEC 24770-5:2019

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 24770-5
First edition
2019-08
Information technology — Real-
time locating system (RTLS) device
performance test methods —
Part 5:
Test methods for chirp spread
spectrum (CSS) air interface
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2019
© ISO/IEC 2019
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ii © ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 1
4 General . 2
4.1 Performance requirements . 2
4.1.1 Overview . 2
4.1.2 Location accuracy . 2
4.1.3 Tag capacity . 2
4.1.4 Location latency . 2
4.1.5 Tag orientation . 2
4.1.6 System range and packet error rates . 2
4.2 Default conditions applicable to the test methods . 2
4.2.1 Overview . 2
4.2.2 Test environment . 3
4.2.3 Default tolerance . 3
4.2.4 System logging . 3
5 Performance tests for ISO/IEC 24730-5 . 3
5.1 System locate performance . 3
5.1.1 Test overview . 3
5.1.2 Test objective . 3
5.1.3 Test setup . 3
5.1.4 Test procedure . 4
5.1.5 Test measurements and requirements . 4
5.1.6 Test report . 6
5.2 Tests for CSS tag to reader air interface using default blink mode . 6
5.2.1 Test objective . 6
5.2.2 Test setup . 6
5.2.3 Test procedure . 6
5.2.4 Test measurements and requirements . 7
5.2.5 Test report . 7
5.3 Tests for CSS tag to reader air interface using two-way-ranging . 7
5.3.1 Overview . 7
5.3.2 Test objective . 7
5.3.3 Test setup . 8
5.3.4 Test procedure . 8
5.3.5 Test measurements and requirements . 8
Bibliography . 9
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that
are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through
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technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
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take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
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rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
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.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 24770 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
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iv © ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
ISO/IEC 24730-5 defines an air interface for real time locating systems (RTLS) devices used in asset
management applications.
This document provides test methods for measuring the performance of equipment compliant with
ISO/IEC 24730-5.
ISO/IEC 24769-5 contains all measurements required to be made on a product in order to establish
whether it conforms to ISO/IEC 24730-5.
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved v

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24770-5:2019(E)
Information technology — Real-time locating system
(RTLS) device performance test methods —
Part 5:
Test methods for chirp spread spectrum (CSS) air interface
1 Scope
This document defines the test methods for determining the performance characteristics of chirp
spread spectrum (CSS) real time locating system (RTLS) equipment including tags and readers which
are applicable to the selection of equipment that conforms to ISO/IEC 24730-5 for specific applications.
This document does not apply to the testing in relation to regulatory or similar requirements.
The RTLS equipment performance parameters included in this document only include the chirp spread
spectrum (CSS) radio frequencies link between tags and readers. Unlike ISO/IEC 18305, the tests in this
document apply exclusively to RTLS equipment defined in ISO/IEC 24730-5 unless specified otherwise.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 19762, Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques —
Harmonized vocabulary
ISO/IEC 24730-5, Information technology — Real-time locating systems (RTLS) — Part 5: Chirp spread
spectrum (CSS) at 2,4 GHz air interface
3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.2 Abbreviated terms
CSS chirp spread spectrum
RF radio frequency
RTLS real time locating system
© ISO/IEC 2019 – All rights reserved 1

TDOA time difference of arrival
TOA time of arrival
TOF time of flight
4 General
4.1 Performance requirements
4.1.1 Overview
This document specifies a series of tests to determine the performance characteristics of RTLS
equipment relative to the ISO/IEC 24730-5 air interfaces. The results of these tests can be used to
determine the suitability of RTLS equipment for applications.
4.1.2 Location accuracy
The primary function of RTLS equipment is to locate tags within the area determined by the readers.
Location accuracy determines the primary performance criteria of an RTLS. Location accuracy can be
characterized by comparing the system's calculated location for a given set of tags to the actual location
of the tags. The system shall be able to locate tags to within the applications allowable error. In many,
but not necessarily in all applications, the Euclidean distance between the calculated location of a tag
and the actual location of a tag can be used as an error criterion. The location tests specified in this
document are confined to line-of-sight situations. Although this is not be applicable to all applications,
the complexity of all the variations of blockage and partial blockage are beyond the scope of this test.
4.1.3 Tag capacity
An RTLS shall typically locate a large number of tags. The number of tag blinks per second that can
be processed and located through the readers can be used to determine a system’s tag capacity. The
system shall be able to provide location information for an applications peak tag blink density.
4.1.4 Location latency
The latency between when the tag blink is transmitted and, when the RTL
...