ISO 15397:2014

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2020
Grafična tehnologija - Komunikacija o lastnostih grafičnih papirjev
Graphic technology - Communication of graphic paper properties
Technologie graphique - Communication des propriétés des papiers graphiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 15397:2014
ICS:
37.100.20 Materiali za grafično tehniko Materials for graphic
technology
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15397
First edition
2014-02-01
Graphic technology — Communication
of graphic paper properties
Technologie graphique — Communication des propriétés des papiers
graphiques
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 List of required criteria for communication of paper properties . 5
5 ISO standards related to required criteria . 6
5.1 Sampling and general information useful for technical communication . 6
5.2 Brand name and paper mill . 6
5.3 Grammage . 7
5.4 Bulk and/or thickness . 7
5.5 Roughness for evaluation of surface properties . 7
5.6 Gloss . 7
5.7 Opacity . 8
5.8 Brightness and whiteness of unprinted paper . 8
5.9 Colour measurement of paper white point in printing conditions (D50/2°) . 9
5.10 Colour measurement of unprinted paper in outdoor conditions (D65/10°) .10
5.11 Supported colour gamut in the context of prepress design .10
5.12 Fluorescence in the context of prepress .10
5.13 Storage conditions, influence of aging and testing conditions for proofing substrates .11
5.14 Bending resistance (bending stiffness) for Sheet-Fed Offset printing substrates .11
Bibliography .12
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This International Standard was drafted in
accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This International Standard is intended to improve communication between the graphic papermaking
industry and the printing industry based on their need to be able to produce quality printing. Paper
properties and their measurement are presented and their use in the printing context is described.
This International Standard describes data to be provided for reliable printing. A substrate description
can be assessed to be in conformance with this International Standard, not a substrate itself.
Printing press settings depend on paper grade, and several paper properties are required in order to
define a grade.
Paper measurement standards developed within ISO/TC 6 are referenced in this International Standard.
They were mainly used to develop paper industry test methods and allow the papermaking processes
to be reproducible and reliable within paper mills. It is advisable that paper purchasing specifications
be based on paper industry standards. This recommendation also applies to paper proofing substrates.
Special requirements for paper substrates for the reliable production of printed products need to be
communicated on the basis of standards developed by ISO/TC 6 whenever possible.
The evaluation of colour of the unprinted paper is critical to define prepress white point settings. This
measurement can be performed with either diffuse:0° integrating sphere instruments (papermakers’
equipment) or 45°:0° instruments (printers’ equipment). Results are often close if the UV calibration is
performed correctly. This International Standard specifies 45°:0° instruments (printers’ equipment) to
perform this evaluation as per ISO 13655, because of their wide availability at printers’ facilities.
For the evaluation of printed colours, measurement devices are developed according to ISO 13655 which
differ from the colour measurement devices which conform to ISO 2469 and ISO 5631-1, ISO 5631-2 and
ISO 5631-3. The latter type of instrument is used within paper mills for quality evaluation during paper
manufacturing and unprinted paper colour evaluation.
Properties linked to the printing process (e.g. dimensions, blistering and picking resistance in offset,
missing dots in gravure) are not described in this International Standard, since they are implicitly
needed when purchasing the paper meant for this printing process.
Properties that are not based on ISO standards are not described here.
[1][2]
The bibliography lists basic references in graphic technology standards, Paper and board
[3] [4] [5] [6]
standards, previously published references, commercial classifications, conditions of sale, and
[8]
reference lists of printing characterization data publicly available.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15397:2014(E)
Graphic technology — Communication of graphic paper
properties
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the list of relevant properties of paper substrates to be
communicated between the paper and printing industries.
This International Standard is applicable to papers intended to be printed in rotogravure, cold-set
web offset, heat-set web offset, sheet-fed offset, and flexographic printing processes and to proofing
substrates.
Where multiple methods exist, the preferred procedure and its International Standard are specified.
All methods for measuring of properties specified in this International Standard are described in other
ISO Standards.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps — Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for
monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples
ISO 534, Paper and board — Determination of thickness, density and specific volume
ISO 536, Paper and board — Determination of grammage
ISO 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps — Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor — Part 1: Indoor
daylight conditions (ISO brightness)
ISO 2470-2, Paper, board and pulps — Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor — Part 2: Outdoor
daylight conditions (D65 brightness)
ISO 2471, Paper and board — Determination of opacity (paper backing) — Diffuse reflectance method
ISO 2493-1, Paper and board — Determination of bending resistance — Part 1: Constant rate of deflection
ISO 2813, Paints and varnishes — Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20 degrees,
60 degrees and 85 degrees
ISO 5627, Paper and board — Determination of smoothness (Bekk method)
ISO 5631-2, Paper and board — Determination of colour by diffuse reflectance — Part 2: Outdoor daylight
conditions (D65/10 degrees)
ISO 8254-1, Paper and board — Measurement of specular gloss — Part 1: 75 degree gloss with a converging
beam, TAPPI method
ISO 8254-2, Paper and board — Measurement of specular gloss — Part 2: 75 degree gloss with a parallel
beam, DIN method
ISO 8254-3, Paper and board — Measurement of specular gloss — Part 3: 20 degree gloss with a converging
beam, TAPPI method
ISO 8791-2, Paper and board — Determination of roughness/smoothness (air leak methods) — Part 2:
Bendtsen method
ISO 8791-4, Paper and board — Determination of roughness/smoothness (air leak methods) — Part 4:
Print-surf method
ISO 11475, Paper and board — Determination of CIE whiteness, D65/10 degrees (outdoor daylight)
ISO 11476, Paper and board — Determination of CIE whiteness, C/2 degrees (indoor illumination conditions)
ISO 12647-7, Graphic technology — Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proof
and production prints — Part 7: Proofing processes working directly from digital data
ISO 13655, Graphic technology — Spectral measurement and colorimetric computation for graphic arts
images
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
grammage
basis weight
mass of a unit paper area, expressed in grams per square metre
[SOURCE: ISO 536:2012, 3.1, modified]
3.2
single sheet thickness
distance between one surface of a paper and the other, measured under an applied static load
Note 1 to entry: This term is most commonly used for paper thickness.
[SOURCE: ISO 534:2011, 3.1, modified]
3.3
bulking thickness
thickness of a single sheet of paper, calculated from the thickness of several superimposed sheets in a
pack, and measured under an applied static load
[SOURCE: ISO 534:2011, 3.2, modified]
3.4
apparent sheet density
mass per unit volume, expressed in grams per cubic centimetre, and calculated from the single sheet
thickness
[SOURCE: ISO 534:2011, 3.3]
3.
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