ISO/TS 17187:2019

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 17187
Second edition
2019-12
Intelligent transport systems —
Electronic information exchange to
facilitate the movement of freight and
its intermodal transfer — Governance
rules to sustain electronic information
exchange methods
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Échange d'informations
électroniques pour faciliter le mouvement du fret et son transfert
intermodal — Règles de gouvernance pour soutenir les méthodes
d'échange d'informations électroniques
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 4
5 Freight-X governance . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Strategic governance requirements . 5
5.3 Management . 6
5.4 Ownership . 6
5.5 Central services/registry . 6
5.6 Intellectual property rights . 6
5.7 Information security . 6
6 Policy . 6
6.1 General . 6
6.2 Governance model . 7
6.3 Freight-X consortium . 8
6.4 Freight-X governing body . 9
6.4.1 General. 9
6.4.2 Development and maintenance . 9
6.4.3 Support . 9
6.4.4 Monitoring .10
6.5 Freight-X community providers .10
6.5.1 General.10
6.5.2 Freight-X community provider agreements .10
6.5.3 Freight-X community provider accreditation .11
6.6 Freight-X user communities .12
6.7 Open forum .12
7 Freight-X Standards .12
7.1 General .12
7.2 Semantic Freight-X standards .13
7.3 Syntactic Freight-X standards .14
7.3.1 General.14
7.3.2 Specific Freight-X implementation guidelines.15
7.3.3 Freight-X code lists and code list schemas .15
7.4 Freight-X document exchange standards .15
7.5 Freight-X communication exchange standards .15
8 Governance of Freight-X standards .16
8.1 General .16
8.2 Governance of Freight-X message profiles .17
8.3 Governance of Freight-X support data/code lists .17
8.4 Governance of Freight-X communication exchange standards .17
9 Freight-X security .17
10 Engagement scenario .19
10.1 General .19
10.2 Maintenance and support policy .19
10.3 Maintenance tools .19
10.4 Intellectual property policy .20
10.5 Financial model .20
11 Implementation plan .20
11.1 General .20
11.2 Set up ICT infrastructure .20
11.3 Implement Freight-X data model .20
11.4 Implement UDDI registry.21
11.5 Implement ESB component .21
11.6 Define message profiles .21
11.7 Implement Freight-X consortium portal .21
11.8 Implement consortium ICT infrastructure services .21
11.9 Implement Freight-X business services .22
Annex A (informative) ISO/IEC 19845 international freight documents .23
Annex B (informative) ISO/IEC 19845 intermodal freight UBL documents .24
Annex C (informative) ISO/IEC 19845 freight status documents .25
Annex D (informative) ISO/IEC 19845 UBL certificate of orgin .26
Annex E (informative) Code lists and code list schemas .27
Bibliography .29
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TS 17187:2013), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Clause 7 and Annexes A to D have been updated to include ISO 19845:2015 (UBL 2.1);
— subclause 7.4 has been updated for Freight-X document exchange standards;
— subclause 7.5 has been updated for Freight-X communication exchange standards.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
Introduction
Electronic commerce offers new opportunities to improve the efficiency of business operations
and to reduce costs associated with trade procedures, providing increased competitive advantages
to the commercial actors ready to embrace new methods of work and trade. Emerging electronic
commerce platforms and the use of the internet provide users with a combination of technologies to
communicate data, to contract electronically, as well as to manage new business processes leading to
new business models.
Improved information sharing among supply chain partners is one of the key business objectives which
enable the participants to improve their operational efficiency and optimize their enterprise resource
allocations. Due to the existence of heterogeneous IT environments among supply chain partners, it is
a challenge for the implementer to seamlessly integrate information from multiple data sources and in
different data formats. Each data source is typically designed for a single, stand-alone purpose within
an enterprise, not to be part of an integrated data collection. These disparate data repositories tend to
be silos, independent of one another, and not working well together. Business entities wishing to engage
with other business partners to facilitate certain standards of practice for information interchange
will need to abide by certain rules, otherwise the efficiencies sought using the methodologies in this
document will be diminished.
Within this context, and within this document, governance is defined as being the rules, processes,
and behaviour that affect the way in which powers are exercised, particularly as regards openness,
participation, accountability, effectiveness, and coherence. As discussed in ISO/TS 24533, there needs
to be a governance process to tie loose ends together and allow the supply chain partners to keep
their data exchange standards viable and effective. Governance is key to this process of maintaining
the structures that allow for a high degree of supply chain productivity and for holding together the
community partnerships that make such an arrangement economically advantageous. A governance
specification is critical to making the process described in this document effective. There is an
expectation that this document will provide the guidance that will keep the supply chain standards
viable and useful for the community of users wishing to maximize their returns on investment.
The processes and process tools include web services technologies to improve the operating efficiency,
safety, and security of freight movement. These technologies are used for sharing information between
supply chain partners in a commonly understood manner by capturing it only once and sharing it many
times, and by giving all partners the same view of the data.
A service-oriented architecture leverages the web services functionality and necessitates the
requirement for data exchange standards. These tools hinge on the successful definition and adoption
of data standards published in open and accessible forums. The advantages of using information
technology tools are undeniable and their use is now widespread across industry. The freight transport
and logistics industry is no exception with all businesses using e-business to some extent.
This document does not address liability of any kind as this is considered within the domain of each
participating party. However, liability issues can be lessened by following the tenants of this document
as a result of cooperating partners actively managing the data and communication transfer protocols.
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 17187:2019(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Electronic information
exchange to facilitate the movement of freight and its
intermodal transfer — Governance rules to sustain
electronic information exchange methods
1 Scope
This document provides governance rules to be used for executing an organized process for business
entities to connect to one another electronically for the conduct of electronic trade in a secure and
open environment through a standardized framework for information exchange. This standardized
framework includes processes and process tools to ease connections between trading partners, to
provide full visibility, and to reduce the time goods spend in transit. The application of these rules and
attendant standards and technology applications are expected to allow business entities to engage
their legacy systems without the cost of upgrades.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 19845:2015, Information technology — Universal business language version 2.1 (UBL v2.1)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
bill of lading
document which evidences a contract of the carriage and the taking over or loading of the goods by the
carrier, and by which the carrier undertakes to deliver the goods against surrender of the document
Note 1 to entry: A provision in the document that the goods are to be delivered to the order of a named person, or
to order, or to bearer, constitutes such an undertaking. The document has the following functions: 1) a receipt for
goods, signed by a duly authorized person on behalf of the carriers, 2) a document of title to the goods described
therein, 3) evidence of the terms and conditions of carriage agreed upon between the two parties.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 24533:2012, 2.5]
3.2
carrier
person or organization, which owns and/or operates a transport means, engaged in the transportation
of passengers or property by land, rail, air or water
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 24533:2012, 2.7]
3.3
consignee
receiver
person or company to whom goods are shipped
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 24533:2012, 2.11]
3.4
consignor
shipper
transport service buyer
party which, by contract with a carrier, consigns or sends goods with the carrier, or has them
conveyed by him
Note 1 to entry: It is the party that gives instructions for the transportation services required for a consignment
of goods.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 24533:2012, 2.13, modified — The third term “transport service buyer” has been
added and Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.5
customs broker
party that is licensed to enter and clear goods through customs
Note 1 to entry: The responsibilities of a broker include preparing the entry form and filing it, advising the
importer on duties to be paid, advancing duties and other costs, and arranging for delivery to the importer.
3.6
forwarding instructions
document issued to a forwarder, giving instructions regarding the action to be taken for the forwarding
of goods described therein
Note 1 to entry: See Clause A.1.
3.7
freight forwarder
transport service provider
party arranging the carriage of goods, including connected services and/or associated formalities, on
behalf of a consignor or consignee
Note 1 to entry: It is the party that is contracted to provide the transportation services.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 24533:2012, 2.25, modified — The second term “transport service provider” has been
added and Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.8
Freight-X
system through which the national and international freight communities’ demand for and supply of
electronic business services to support freight operations is directed and controlled
EXAMPLE The Electronic Freight Management (EFM) programme in the US; the eFreight programme and its
affiliates in Europe.
3.9
Freight-X community
Freight-X participant
Freight-X user community
community of organizations that has formally agreed to collaborate to operate using the principles
defined in this document by joining a Freight-X consortium
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

3.10
Freight-X community provider
organization that implements mechanisms for managing demand and supply of available Freight-X
services supporting freight transportation management operations
3.11
Freight-X consortium
organizations that have formally agreed to form a formal association which has established rules and
governance procedures to collaborate to operate using the principles defined in this document
3.12
Freight-X community provider agreement
formal agreement by Freight-X community provider in respect of representation rights, access to
specifications and services, data and document provision, specification, management, and access and
maintenance
3.13
Freight-X governance
Freight-X governing body
system through which national and international freight communities' demand for and supply of
electronic business services to support freight operations is directed and controlled
3.14
Freight-X message profile
specification of how one or more Freight-X business processes are executed by specifying the Freight-X
business rules governing its business collaborations and the information content of the electronic
business transactions exchanged
3.15
Freight-X service
web service created specifically to address business processes related to electronic freight management
EXAMPLE Receive order; confirm booking; obtain status.
3.16
Freight-X specifications
explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by Freight-X
3.17
friends of the shipment
collection of parties whose role in a particular shipment has been established and documented in the
Freight-X registry enabling access to the shipment information
3.18
governance
rules, processes, and behaviour that affect the way in which powers are exercised, particularly as
regards openness, participation, accountability, effectiveness, and coherence
3.19
level of service
measure to determine the effectiveness of elements of the Freight-X transportation infrastructure
3.20
logistic service provider
party providing logistic services such as warehousing, repacking products, distribution, and assembly
EXAMPLE Third-party logistic provider; container freight station.
3.21
message profile
content of the electronic business transactions exchanged described with an aim to function as part of
a formal agreement
3.22
packing list
document stating the distribution of goods in individual packages, such as shipping document issued
by shipper to carrier, customs and consignee serving the purposes of identifying detail information of
package count, products count, measurement of each package, and weight of each package
3.23
small and medium-sized enterprises
SMEs
entities engaged in an economic activity, irrespective of their legal form, that are characterized
by a number of employees, an annual turnover, and/or an annual balance sheet which fall below
established limits
3.24
terminal operator
party with operational responsibilities at origin or destination nodes for freight transport journeys
Note 1 to entry: The responsibilities can include overseeing the unloading of goods, checking the quantity of goods
against the manifest, transferring of the goods, checking documents and authorizing a carrier to pick up goods.
3.25
transport status document
document issued on individual specific request or through an agreed status reporting procedure by a
freight forwarder to communicate to the consignee or consignor or notify party the status of shipments
that are currently under the freight forwarder’s management
3.26
waybill
document issued by the party that provides the physical transportation services to the party that gives
instructions for the transportation services (i.e. shipper, consignor)
Note 1 to entry: A waybill states the details of the transportation, charges, and terms and conditions under which
the transportation service is provided. Unlike a bill of lading, a waybill is not negotiable and cannot be assigned
to a third-party transport document describing a shipment. It states the instructions for the beneficiary and
can contain the details of the transportation, charges, and terms and conditions under which the transportation
service is provided.
4 Abbreviated terms
BBIE Basic business information entity
BIE Business information entity
CCT Core component type
CCTS Core Components Technical Specification
ebXML Electronic Business Extensible Markup Language
ESB Enterprise Service Bus
ICT Information and Computer Technologies
RBAC Role-based Access Control
4 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

SOA Service-Oriented Architecture
UBL Universal Business Language
UDDI Universal Description Discovery and Integration
XML Extensible Markup Language
XSD XML Schema Definition (language)
5 Freight-X governance
5.1 General
Governance of Freight-X is defined as the system through which the national and international freight
communities’ demand for and supply of electronic business services to support freight operations
(referred to as Freight-X) is directed and controlled.
Governance involves directing and evaluating the implementation and operations of Freight-X
communities among collaborating organizations and monitoring its employment to achieve planned
business objectives. It includes the strategy and policies for using Freight-X among those collaborating
communities. For example, governance controls would ensure that changes to Freight-X Profiles are
minimal, reached by consensus, and driven by strong business needs.
5.2 Strategic governance requirements
Strategic governance requirements include the following:
— a standardized governance model for all Freight-X implementations based on collaborative levels of
responsibilities;
— a recommended implementation process within a community of users, identifying the relationships
between all parties to the governance model and the cooperation needed between them to realize
the full benefits of adoption. Full benefits will be realized when Freight-X best practices are adopted
by all supply chain partners. It is critical that partners serving multiple shippers, like forwarders
and brokers and logistics firms adopt Freight-X and perpetuate it with partners in other supply
chains to further spread the benefits;
— each Freight-X community to adopt Freight-X profiles (and related standards) that not only promote
integration with other services but also capture data coherence and semantic consistency of the
information between these services. A Freight-X profile should:
— identify core set of information bundles,
— identify how you communicate the information bundles to your partners,
— include generic rules and procedures for refining a tool for use within your organization, and
— can include code lists and message schemas;
— to keep the Freight-X standards in a form that will not be altered without the user community’s
consent. This will also ensure the proper operation and utilization of the standard set of messages
for all future adopters;
— a standards-based coherence model that can also be used to pre-qualify incoming participants and
set required levels of engagement as dictated by the governance model;
— the Freight-X governance model can be promoted as an international trade facilitation framework
standard (similar to initiatives such as “single window”, which is the implementation of a single
window system that enables international (cross-border) traders to submit regulatory documents
at a single location and/or single entity).
5.3 Management
This open community model covers the policies, systems, and procedures laid down to guide the
development and operations of Freight-X communities.
5.4 Ownership
Freight-X shall, to the extent possible, be implemented using an open-source solution and shall not rely on
any third-party, proprietary solution that requires purchase of software licenses by the deploying party.
5.5 Central services/registry
For the Freight-X communities to interoperate, a single master registry identifying the various Freight-X
communities in operation is essential and shall be given strong consideration by the governing body.
This central service can also be expanded to include publication of specifications, code lists, and other
supporting materials.
The registry is vital to the establishment of the Freight-X governance model. Members of the Freight-X
consortium shall post their available web services and necessary instructions on the registry for
viewing to all other participants of Freight-X. Participants shall be able to view the services available
and from which company, then proceed to download the necessary services to begin electronically
communicating with the other participants/trading partners.
5.6 Intellectual property rights
The intellectual property of the Freight-X solution shall be offered on a nonexclusive, worldwide, non-sub
licensable, perpetual patent license on fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory terms without payment
of royalties or fees to make, have made, use, market, import, offer to sell, and sell, and to otherwise
directly or indirectly distribute licensed products that implement the Freight-X specifications. These
are the terms for open standards and would be most likely to encourage wider adoption.
5.7 Information security
Only authorized parties involved in the consignment can access certain shipment records. The rules
as to who can access the data and what data can be accessed are determined by the shipment owner
on a permission basis. Under the terms of the “friends of the shipment” rule, a partner does not have
access to information that it does not have a need to know, that is business sensitive, or that can be used
against a competitor.
6 Policy
6.1 General
Business entities wishing to engage with other business partners to facilitate electronic trade using the
tools described in this document shall follow certain standards of practice for information interchange
and shall include the major recognized freight transport data standards, e.g. the Electronic Data
Interchange For Administration, Commerce and Transport (EDIFACT), Global Standards One (GS1),
and UBL transport data standards for information exchange developed by the Organization for the
Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) that are based on ISO/IEC 19845:2015. It
shall not be required for all participating business entities to incorporate ISO/IEC 19845 into their core
operation, but if it is not totally adopted, it is possible that some manner of translation/transformation
will need to be incorporated to allow the standards to operate as the common language between
business entities.
6 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

The value of implementing a governance model is twofold: to keep the standard aligned to prevent
runaway customization, and to assist users to obtain maximum benefit from Freight-X by promoting
involvement among a larger group. It is expected that participation with users in one or two supply
chains can reap benefits of 5 % to 10 %, but a community of users can realize benefits on the order of
three or four times greater.
6.2 Governance model
This model has been inspired by other initiatives, including ISO/IEC TR 38502, but reflects the
uniqueness of the Freight-X approach to create an open community where interoperability is achieved
through common specification and not point-to-point arrangements.
The guiding principle for the Freight-X governance model is that a variety of solutions to support supply
chain communities exist, and will continue to exist, into the future. In addition, privately operated
supply chain communities exist within and across borders. Freight-X does not replace these solutions; it
complements them and aims to coordinate information exchange between different communities.
To satisfy these requirements, several potential governance models have been considered. The
recommended model is based on communities operating their own solutions and registering these with
a common central service. As a result, the proposed governance model for the Freight-X approach is
built around two levels of governance:
— global coordination, providing governance over all common components, standards and registries
of accredited Freight-X solutions — this is managed by the Freight-X consortium and shown in
Figure 1;
— community coordination, providing governance over the implementation and use of Freight-X
services within a common community — these communities can be based around a single supply
chain, a logistics community, or a service provider, shown as Freight-X community providers in
Figure 1.
NOTE Based on ISO/IEC TR 38502.
Figure 1 — Freight-X governance model
Executing this model and the two levels of governance mentioned above involves the actions and
interactions of four entities.
a) Freight-X consortium;
b) Freight-X governing body;
c) Freight-X community providers;
d) Freight-X user communities.
Figure 1 illustrates the relationships among the various parties operating with the governance model.
An explanation of each group and its role is given in 6.3 to 6.7.
6.3 Freight-X consortium
The Freight-X consortium is a non-profit legal entity that will own the Freight-X brand. It shall have
the authority to issue license agreements for Freight-X services that shall enable organizations to
become Freight-X community providers. The composition of the Freight-X consortium shall include
transportation stakeholders and other interested parties willing to share in the expenses of the
organization.
Constitutionally, the Freight-X consortium shall be an open community based on the following policies.
— Membership criteria: Membership criteria should be no more restrictive than necessary to ensure
an efficient process.
— Costs of participation: To the extent possible while still spreading costs fairly and accomplishing
objectives, dues required to participate in all meaningful activities should be made acceptable to all
classes of stakeholders and users.
— Member acceptance: All applicants that meet the established criteria should be automatically
admitted in any category to which they choose to apply.
— Governance: The board or other governing body should not be controlled in the long term by
the founders, although founding members will typically hold the initial seats. The board should
also represent all classes of stakeholders, regardless of whether each class can afford a top-level
membership.
— Technical participation: All members of eligible classes shall be entitled to participate equally in
technical and other activities.
— Transparency: At a minimum, all standards shall be posted for public comment prior to adoption.
Some consortia make all the minutes and other proceedings of their working groups public from the
beginning of a technical process.
— Adoption: All standards shall be available for implementation by non-members as well as members
on a non-discriminatory basis.
NOTE Candidate Freight-X stakeholder organizations can include those involved in the Northeast Asian
Logistics Network (NEALNET), the World Customs Organization (WCO), the International Air Transport
Association (IATA), the International Federation of Freight Forwarders Association (FIATA), and regional freight
forwarder associations.
The Freight-X consortium shall establish the Freight-X governing body as the accountable entity for
ensuring that its interests, as well as those of the participating communities, obtain value from its
investment in Freight-X while managing its risk. The agreed level of authority and boundaries on the
scope of the Freight-X governing body shall be documented in the form of a charter or terms of reference.
8 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

6.4 Freight-X governing body
6.4.1 General
The Freight-X governing body, with its supporting resources (secretariat) shall be an elected body
responsible for achieving the overall objectives of the Freight-X, while taking into account in its decisions
the legitimate expectations and interests of its consortium. It shall act to guide the adoption and use
of Freight-X through policy making, strategy formulation, supervision of the Freight-X community
providers, and accountability to the Freight-X consortium. The governing body shall address policy
making and strategy topics such as
— consortium commitment to the Freight-X user communities,
— certification agreements for Freight-X community providers, including terms and conditions of
registration and accreditation, and
— future requirements or new functionality for Freight-X:
— adoption;
— development and maintenance;
— support.
Within the context of its operation, the Freight-X governing body functions shall include development,
support, and monitoring.
6.4.2 Development and maintenance
This function shall include the development and maintenance of the documents, specifications, and
implementation guides. Typical categories of changes can include
— modifications to existing specifications,
— addition of new specifications,
— modifications to existing support data (e. g. business rules, code lists), and
— addition of new support data (e. g. business rules, code lists).
Development and maintenance tasks should be project-driven. Specific tasks shall be nominated
through the Freight-X consortium with project teams appointed from its members.
6.4.3 Support
Support covers the secretariat functions, publication of documents, specifications and implementation
guides for community providers. It also includes the provision of statements in respect to the strategies
and policies affecting the data model, such as upgrades or new services. Services can include websites,
registries, and repositories.
The recommendation is that one member of the consortium shall volunteer to function as the
secretariat, providing most (or all) administrative and other services, either without charge, or for
payments derived from the fees of other members, as agreed by the majority of the members of the
consortium.
6.4.4 Monitoring
Monitoring is the on-going reporting and assessment of the Freight-X service performance against
expected outcomes as well as reporting of Freight-X communities’ conformance with established
criteria.
NOTE A Freight-X service is a web service created specifically to address business processes related to
electronic freight management. Examples include “receive order”, “confirm booking” and “obtain status”.
Regarding supervision of the Freight-X community providers, the Freight-X governing body shall
address topics such as
— implementation package for communities,
— performance monitoring,
— conformance compliance, and
— ensuring that Freight-X community providers comply with the minimum requirements defined by a
community provider agreement.
6.5 Freight-X community providers
6.5.1 General
Freight-X community providers should be responsible for e
...