ISO 16488:2015

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16488
First edition
2015-07-15
Marine finfish farms — Open net cage
— Design and operation
Exploitations de pisciculture marine — Cages à filets ouverts —
Opération et conception
Reference number
©
ISO 2015
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Basic considerations and general requirements . 4
4.1 General considerations . 4
4.2 Site survey requirements and environmental considerations . 5
4.3 Degradation and lifetime considerations . 6
4.4 Risk analysis requirements . 6
4.5 Design of marine finfish farms . 6
4.5.1 General. 6
4.5.2 Limit state analysis . 6
4.5.3 Functional requirements . 7
4.6 User handbook . 7
4.7 Assembly of main components . 7
4.8 Inspection of marine finfish farms after installation at the site . 7
5 Requirements for documentation and user handbook . 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Requirements regarding user handbook. 8
5.2.1 Contents of user handbook . 8
5.2.2 Requirements regarding general site survey documentation . 9
5.2.3 Requirements regarding documentation of main components . 9
5.3 Requirements regarding site operations and maintenance log .11
5.3.1 General.11
5.3.2 Requirements regarding site and equipment maintenance plan .12
5.3.3 Requirements regarding site inspection program .12
5.4 Documentation of site inspections and site reports, measured parameters,
calculations, and conclusions .12
6 Environmental conditions .13
6.1 Requirements for determination of environmental conditions .13
6.1.1 General.13
6.1.2 Wind .13
6.1.3 Current.14
6.1.4 Waves .15
6.1.5 Ice and snow .16
6.1.6 Water depth and bottom bathymetry .16
6.1.7 Water chemistry parameters .16
6.2 Use of environmental conditions for design of marine finfish farms .16
6.2.1 General.16
6.2.2 Wave modelling . . .16
7 Design of marine finfish farms.17
7.1 General .17
7.2 General considerations .18
7.2.1 Selection of floating collars .18
7.2.2 Selection of net cages .18
7.2.3 Global analysis of marine finfish farms .18
7.2.4 Barges .18
7.3 Guidance on the design and global analysis of marine finfish farms .18
7.3.1 Loads and interface between main components .18
7.3.2 Load and load combinations.19
7.3.3 Breaks in mooring lines .20
7.3.4 Puncturing .20
7.3.5 Load factors .20
7.3.6 Design working life and durability .22
7.3.7 User handbook and global analysis documentation .22
Bibliography .24
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 234, Fisheries and aquaculture.
Introduction
This International Standard is developed to ensure that a net cage marine finfish farms are adequately
designed, constructed, and maintained to meet the anticipated rigours of the marine environment in
which they will be deployed to prevent escapes (unintended impacts) during every day operations and
unforeseen events. The standard is to be applied by the farm operators on a site-specific basis. Aquaculture
producers are recommended to ensure that the combination of technologies that they have selected for
a site meets environmental and other operational considerations for that site. Equipment manufacturers
can use this International Standard, methodology, and terminology so that their customers (farm
operators) can have the opportunity to meet the requirements with this International Standard.
The physical rigours of the marine environment to which a net cage marine finfish farm can be subjected
include tidal currents, wave action, storm surges, hurricanes, wind exposures, icing; equipment design
(net cage structures, mooring systems, netting components, predator control, and site markers. Other
factors influencing the integrity of a net cage marine finfish farm include qualifications of equipment
manufacturers and suppliers, handling practices, inspection and maintenance, reporting and auditing,
and stock loss and recovery planning.
Within marine aquaculture, an increasing degree of farming on high energy sites (strong tidal currents,
wave action, storm surges, hurricanes, wind exposure, icing) is predicted. Further developments
in equipment and technology for farming in cages on high energy sites can result in improved water
quality and fish health. The use of high energy locations will necessitate improvements of cages, mooring
systems, and feeding systems. It can also require larger boats for servicing, and calls for new techniques
for installation and daily operations.
This international technical standard is intended to reduce technical and operational failures, consequently
enhancing the sustainability of the industry. All precautions are recommended to be taken to prevent
escapes (unintended impacts) from aquaculture installations as a result of improper specification of
technical main components or improper operational use. This International Standard will offer one tool
in a link of other guidelines needed for the aquaculture industry to be environmentally sustainable.
vi © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16488:2015(E)
Marine finfish farms — Open net cage — Design and
operation
1 Scope
This International Standard presents a general method to be followed for the systematic analysis,
design, and evaluation of net cage marine finfish farms. One common style of a net cage finfish farm is
shown in Figure 1. A mooring system holds together a series of net cages which contain finfish. Water
from the outside environment freely passes through the nets, providing the necessary environment for
farming finfish. The methodology presented in this International Standard allows for determination
of the adequacy of a given finfish farm’s floating structure, nets, and mooring equipment for a given
environment. The standard addresses specification of a design basis through evaluation of environmental
conditions and acceptable risk, and specifies acceptable techniques for the design and analysis of finfish
farms. This International Standard also provides guidelines for development of a handbook which
documents procedures for correct maintenance and operation of the finfish farm.
The application of the standard is intended to reduce the risk of escape from marine finfish farms.
This International Standard is designed to be used by the operator of a net cage marine finfish farm.
It is intended that through application of this International Standard that increased human safety and
system integrity levels can be achieved.
Figure 1 — Typical net cage marine finfish farm design
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1107, Fishing nets — Netting — Basic terms and definitions
ISO 19900, Petroleum and natural gas industries — General requirements for offshore structures
ISO 19901-1, Petroleum and natural as industries — Specific requirements for offshore structures — Part 1:
Metocean design and operating conditions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
cage
floating collar with attached net cage for the purpose of containing finfish
3.2
floating collar
frame which provides buoyancy and attachment for one or more net cages
3.3
net cage
net construction attached to a floating collar for the purpose of containing fish
3.4
net pen
net construction that rests on the seabed and whose purpose is to contain fish
3.5
mooring system
system of lines (e.g. polyester rope, chain, wire rope) and bottom attachments for the purpose of keeping
the floating components in a desired position
3.6
barge
floating work station on a marine finfish farm, separate or integrated, with technical equipment for
performing certain functions connected to fish farming
Note 1 to entry: The barge can have functions as storage, feeding, electricity supply, crewing, and monitoring of
the site and others.
3.7
marine finfish farm
containment system for the purposes of farming finfish
Note 1 to entry: A marine finfish farm typically consists of a mooring system, floating collars, anchoring system,
net cages, and can include a barge.
3.8
net cage
containment system through which water freely flows through the net cage from the outside environment
Note 1 to entry: This is in contrast to closed containment systems, in which water from the outside environment
does not pass freely through the structure.
3.9
predator net
barrier cage preventing predators from entering the net cage
Note 1 to entry: A predator net could be a birdnet, jumpnet or other types of nets used for protection against
predators such as e.g. birds, sea lions, seals, and sharks.
3.10
operator
party responsible for the operation of a net cage marine finfish farm and may or may not be the
owner or producer
3.11
supplier
organization that provides a product or a service to a customer
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

3.12
floats
buoys
component which is typically attached to a mooring system to provide buoyancy or mark boundaries
3.13
anchor
device that is used to connect the marine finfish farm mooring system to the sea bed to keep the fish
farm in place
3.14
compensator buoy
device used to provide flotation and add compliance to a mooring system
Note 1 to entry: The compensatory buoy is intended to compensate for changes in water level and maintain
tension in the mooring system in waves.
3.15
metocean data
meteorological and oceanographic data
3.16
limit state
limit state is a condition of a structure beyond which it no longer fulfils the relevant design criteria
3.17
global analysis
overall numerical analysis of the complete structure, such as a the complete marine finfish farm, to
determine overall loads and response
3.18
stability log
document with information and specifications regarding the stability of a barge
3.19
tolerance limit
load capacity limit of a component
3.20
return period
average period between occurrences of an event or a particular value being exceeded
Note 1 to entry: For environmental events, this is typically measured in years.
3.21
floats
flotation devices that are used to give floating to a raft-cage system that arranged in the lower section
of hall square cage
3.22
side walk
square structure, preferably galvanized steel, which also allows transit corridors, containing floats at
the bottom that give buoyancy to raft-cage system to this place is attached the net cage
3.23
counterweighs
weights that serves to reduce the deformation of the net cage against prevailing currents in the area of culture
Note 1 to entry: Counterweighs are generally constructed of concrete.
4 Basic considerations and general requirements
4.1 General considerations
This International Standard is intended to provide guidelines for the design and operation of
permeable net cage marine finfish farms similar in design to those shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
The owner/operator of a marine finfish farm is responsible, through the use of a risk evaluation, for
assessing the environmental conditions at a prospective site, selecting the appropriate equipment for
use at the particular site, and for the safe operation of the finfish farm.
The main components should be designed according to ISO standards that are relevant for the component
in question. Where ISO standards do not exist, appropriate international or regionally accepted
standards should be applied to ensure a high level of system safety and quality assurance. For example,
the design of a steel structure should use ISO 19902 or EN 1993.
Internationally accepted codes and standards that exist and which provide guidelines for the technical
design and integrity of system components may be used. However, the user must ensure that the design
philosophy intended in this International Standard is met and consistent operational and human safety
levels are applied.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, a marine finfish farm typically consists of the following main components:
a) floating collars;
NOTE The floating collar is designed to hold nets in place, and gives the net cage flotation and structural
shape. Floating collars are frequently constructed of HDPE plastic pipe or galvanized steel.
b) mooring system;
NOTE The mooring system is used to restrict the motion of the entire finfish farm, enabling it to keep
stationary. For example, the mooring system shown in Figure 1 is composed of a mooring grid, bridle lines,
and main mooring lines.
c) anchors;
NOTE Anchoring systems typically consist of concrete blocks (gravity anchor) or drag embedment or
plate anchors (such as Danforth style anchors) which, when connected with the mooring system, keep the
finfish farm in a fixed position.
d) net cage;
NOTE A net cage is typically made of rope and nylon netting and is used to contain finfish.
e) predator net;
NOTE A secondary netted system is often used to prevent predators such as sharks and sea lions from
breaking into the net cage.
f) barge;
NOTE Both feed and accommodation barges are common at finfish farms in many regions. The barge is
frequently used as a monitoring platform for the fish farm operations.
g) other components.
NOTE These could be floats, sidewalk and counterweights.
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Figure 2 — Typical HDPE floating collar finfish farm configuration
Figure 3 — Typical steel frame floating collar finfish farm configuration
4.2 Site survey requirements and environmental considerations
Fish farming sites range from very protected to the very exposed and, as such, containment structures
need to be designed and constructed with particular attention paid to the site-specific rigours of the
marine environment in the location where they will be deployed. For example, fetch, bottom type, and
tidal currents will vary greatly between sites and can affect wave size, anchoring options, and mooring
lines size, respectively.
The site shall be surveyed and described based on bathymetry, topography, and degree of exposure. This
data (e.g. fetch, bathymetric map, site boundaries, bottom type, etc.) shall be used for the calculation of
environmental conditions and assessment of the suitability of the equipment.
The site survey should be used to determine the feasibility of developing a finfish farm at a potential location.
The design and selection of components for a marine finfish farm will vary depending on the
environmental conditions at the site. The impact of currents, wind, and waves on permeable net cages
will be relevant to consider in all parts of the world. Additional loads must be considered in certain
regions, such as snow and ice loads.
The owner or operator of the site shall assess, or have assessed, the environmental conditions at the
site according to the guidelines presented in this International Standard. The assessment shall be
completed by experienced and qualified personnel. Expertise and methodologies have been developed
for the effective evaluation of meteorological and oceanographic information for ocean industries such
as the marine renewable energy and offshore petroleum and natural gas industries. General guidelines
and background information on collection of meteorological and oceanographic information for the
purposes of defining extreme environmental conditions for the design of ocean structures can be found
in ISO 19900 and ISO 19901-1. Where possible, these existing best practices should be reasonably applied.
It is noted that even in areas such as the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea where a great deal of reliable
measurements have been collected for the purposes of designing ocean structures, this data are often
insufficient for rigorous statistical determination of extreme environmental conditions at specific
locations. Therefore, the determination of appropriate design parameters must be completed with
sufficient care by experienced personnel. Lastly, many fish farms are located in inshore or near shore
locations; not all standards for assessing environmental conditions for offshore locations will directly
apply to near shore or inshore locations. Therefore, sufficient care should be exercised when using
standards developed for offshore locations.
In general, meteorological and oceanographic measurements should be performed on empty sites (i.e. a
site without an installation) if possible prior to development. Clause 6 provides guidelines establishing
environmental design criteria for a finfish farm.
4.3 Degradation and lifetime considerations
The choice of components must be considered in relation to the lifetime considerations and the degree
of inspection and maintenance of the different components.
4.4 Risk analysis requirements
A risk analysis, broken down into probability and consequence, shall be performed in connection with
the design and operation of the finfish farm.
The risk analysis shall be based on accepted procedures, such as those laid down in already established
applicable ISO standards (i.e. ISO 31000 and IEC 31010) or standards that are comparable to the ISO
standards. The various stages shall be documented so that they can be re-examined.
A risk analysis shall be as complete as reasonably possible during the design phase.
4.5 Design of marine finfish farms
4.5.1 General
The marine finfish farm shall be designed with the objective to prevent fish escapes. The design shall
be reviewed by personnel with sufficient expertise and experience. Documentation of each of the main
components shall be such that the design can be evaluated according to this International Standard.
Consideration shall be taken of extra loads one main component receives from the others, and it shall
be established by calculations, research, or numerical modelling that each main component has the
capacity to withstand these loads.
4.5.2 Limit state analysis
The finfish farm shall be designed according to the requirements and considerations presented in Clause 7.
Clause 7 lays out a set of limit states for which different design situations must be assessed. The limit state
analysis approach is similarly used for assessment of offshore structures and mooring systems.
Alternative internationally accepted codes and standards exist which provide guidelines for the design
of floating structures and mooring systems that may be utilized in lieu of the limit state approach;
however, the user must ensure that the design method objectives intended in this International Standard
[20]
is met and a consistent safety level is applied. For example, API RP 2SK for the design of station
keeping systems (moorings) for offshore structures uses a safety factor approach that could be applied
to the design of a finfish farm mooring system.
6 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

4.5.3 Functional requirements
In addition to meeting the containment objective of preventing fish escapes through the design states as
in Clause 7, the marine finfish farm design shall also consider
a) safety of personnel,
b) protection of the environment, and
c) serviceability.
4.6 User handbook
A master user handbook containing information on the site design, the components critical for the
integrity of the marine finfish farm and the day to day operations of the site including maintenance and
inspection and also the site design, shall be created. This handbook contains as detailed as reasonably
possible documentation on all of the main components of the farm, such as the nets, mooring system, and
barges. A site maintenance plan shall be developed and outlined in the handbook. The user handbook
shall also include a plan for removal, transport, and reinstallation of the cage system. The user handbook
will be stored in a location so that site operators can access the handbook in the day-to-day operations
of the site. The specific requirements of the user hand book are presented in Clause 5.
4.7 Assembly of main components
When assembling a finfish farm, the following must be considered:
a) three-dimensional geometry of the main components shall be such that they do not cause chafing on
any of the other main components;
b) materials in and protective coating on parts which connect the various main components, shall be
such that they do not cause one another extra corrosion due to galvanic conditions;
c) connecting points between main components shall cause as little wear on adjacent equipment as
possible;
d) connecting points between two main components shall be such that connection and disconnection
is simple, without compromising the strength and reliability of the connecting function itself;
e) the main components shall be designed so that they do not complicate or impede inspection,
maintenance, repairs, cleaning, and replacements of other main components or parts of them;
f) the composition of main components shall be in accordance with environmental loads such as they
appear in the site survey.
NOTE The installation of e.g. the mooring system is of particular importance.
4.8 Inspection of marine finfish farms after installation at the site
An inspection of the completed installation of the marine finfish farm at the site shall be performed.
This inspection shall consist of the following at a minimum:
a) checks that the marine finfish farm installation and its main components are placed at the sites as
planned, and that conditions reasonably conform to those on which all calculations are based;
b) checks that all anchors are placed in accordance with the specifications;
c) checks that all the parts are in accordance with the required parts as listed in the user handbook;
d) checks that all the main components are connected in accordance with technical specifications;
e) checks that the main components are undamaged after transport and assembly;
f) checks that the user handbook is available for further daily operation.
This inspection shall be documented.
Safe manoeuvring of boats around the finfish farm shall be assessed and documented.
The as-built configuration of the marine finfish farm shall be drawn on a site map that shows the
placement of main components: floating collars, barges, moorings, and anchor locations.
In the event of deviation between the planned marine finfish farm and its operational set-up after it has
been placed at the site, an assessment shall be made and documented of whether a revised or updated
analysis as per Clause 7 is necessary or not.
5 Requirements for documentation and user handbook
5.1 General
A master user handbook containing information on the components critical for the integrity of the marine
finfish farm, the day to day operations of the site, and the site design, shall be created. This handbook
will contain documentation on all of the main components of the finfish farm. A site maintenance plan
shall be developed and outlined in the handbook. The user handbook will be stored in a location that site
operators can access the handbook during day-to-day operations of the site.
A user handbook may be compiled in either electronic or paper form (e.g. a tablet computer or binder).
The handbook shall be organized clearly for use by all finfish farm site personnel.
During operation of the site, a site log shall be maintained that records day-to-day maintenance
operations at the site, as further described in 5.2.
The following chapter outlines the specific requirements of this hand book and operations log.
5.2 Requirements regarding user handbook
5.2.1 Contents of user handbook
The contents of the user handbook shall reflect the basic risk evaluation which is the basis for the
individual main components, and for the marine finfish farm installation and site as a whole. The
handbook shall be formulated so that it contains as much traceability information as possible, both for
parts and their supplier or manufacturer.
The language in a user handbook shall be simple, and difficult technical expressions shall be avoided.
However, where they are used, they shall be defined. Theoretical descriptions and complicated
explanations shall be avoided. Illustrations should be used where they shall contribute to simplifying
the understanding of the construction and operating procedures.
The user handbook shall be revised at regular intervals or when significant changes, such as a new
component, take place. It shall form the basis for traceability and a process for deviation handling.
The user handbook shall contain the following as a minimum:
a) general site information:
1) map and coordinates of site;
2) description of site use (e.g. intended species);
8 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

3) description of site environmental, meteorological, and oceanographic conditions;
b) site equipment information:
1) list of main components (e.g. floating collar, net cage, moorings, barge, and auxiliary equipment);
2) supplier/manufacturer provided documentation of main components;
3) lifetime of main components;
c) summary of global analysis:
1) site design criteria (wave, current, ice, and wind conditions);
d) site maintenance procedures;
e) site inspection program;
f) documented uninstallation procedure, transport, and reinstallation of cage.
5.2.2 Requirements regarding general site survey documentation
a) map siting the boundaries of the installation in the immediate geographical area shall be provided;
b) description of the site’s intended use;
c) description of the environmental conditions which the main components shall tolerate, including
wind, current, waves, temperature, and other relevant regional environment loads such as ice.
NOTE The environmental conditions report for the site may be included in the handbook to satisfy this
requirement.
5.2.3 Requirements regarding documentation of main components
5.2.3.1 General
Documentation shall be compiled in the user handbook for the main components:
a) floating collars;
b) net cages;
c) mooring systems;
d) anchors;
e) barges;
f) auxillary equipment.
General arrangement drawings for the complete marine finfish farm that indicates connections between
main components shall be included.
A parts list shall be provided which indicates part numbers and key identification information, such as
serial numbers.
The following shall be provided for the main components in the user handbook:
a) name of supplier or manufacturer;
b) procedures for transport and handling of equipment;
c) summary of the environmental conditions in which the equipment is designed to operate;
d) statement of the analysis methods and standards to which a component was designed and
constructed, and the person or organization which conducted the analysis;
e) certificates and declarations which confirm the compliance of parts with standards and other
specifications;
f) certificates for certified parts which provide traceability.
5.2.3.2 Additional specific requirements for net cages
The following information shall be provided in the user hand book for net cages:
a) twine number, mesh length, mesh type, rope type, and size of the mesh in the form of a half-mesh in
accordance with ISO 1107;
b) date of production;
c) description of all allowable attachments methods and systems to the floating collar;
d) documentation concerning knotting, splicing, sewing, binding, and impregnation;
e) species of fish for which the net cage is intended;
f) drawing of the net and its construction;
g) recommended weighting system and maximum allowable forces on any net connection point.
5.2.3.3 Specific requirements for floating collars
The following information shall be provided in the user hand book for floating collars:
a) maximum allowable mooring line forces on any connection points;
b) maximum allowable forces from net cage and weighting system on any connection points.
5.2.3.4 Specific requirements for permanent feed and supply barges
The following information shall be provided in the user handbook for barges:
a) maximum allowable mooring line forces on any connection points;
b) recommended mooring line layout and mooring components;
c) drawings (post construction) shall include system drawings for ballast, draining, cooling water,
fuel oil, compressed air/plant air, hydraulics, air and sounding, fire and hosing, to the degree it is
relevant for the barge concerned. System drawings for electrical installation, including low voltage,
shall also be available.
d) the stability log shall be available with drawings of the barge’s overall dimensions and with stability
updated with the results of the heeling tests;
The stability log of each barge shall contain the following information:
— main dimensions and capacities of the barge;
— general arrangement;
— tank plan;
— watertight integrity plan;
— results of heeling tests, or results from heeling tests of a prototype with confirmation of accordance;
10 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

— instructions regarding loading;
— calculation of ice load;
— intact stability;
— damage stability;
— hydrostatics;
— cross curves.
5.2.3.5 Specific requirements for the mooring system
a) documentation of the mooring system shall give a description which is good enough to be able to
assess/recalculate the moorings;
b) list of the required pre-tension in each line;
c) attachment method of each mooring line to the finfish farm structures;
d) specification of each mooring line, at a minimum an overview of building up in segments with
bottom attachment/shore attachment, line type, grommets, shackles, and other extra equipment.
The mooring line’s diameter, minimum allowable breaking strength, buoy, deadweight with weight,
volume and placing and material data such as elasticity and weight per unit of length shall be stated
where relevant;
e) overview of the segments and equipment that make up a mooring line (e.g. chain, polyester rope,
shackles, buoys) shall be given;
f) rating and classification of shackles shall be stated;
g) minimum allowable breaking strength in chains and ropes shall be stated;
h) description of each anchor or bottom attachment shall be available. At a minimum, this shall include
a statement of the type of anchor (concrete weight, drag anchor, rock bolt, etc.) as well as mass and
weight or expected holding power;
i) specification of each shore attachment shall be available. At a minimum, this shall include dimensions
of the bolt, attachment method, corrosion protection, ground conditions, and other relevant data.
5.3 Requirements regarding site operations and maintenance log
5.3.1 General
During operation, a site log shall be kept, which at a minimum, shall include the following:
a) actions performed (type of inspection, maintenance, or repair), with a reference to plan and procedure;
b) results after action performed;
c) necessary follow-up as a conclusion after action performed;
d) date actions performed and follow up conducted;
e) person/institution performing the action;
f) verification of person/institution performing the action (e.g. signature).
5.3.2 Requirements regarding site and equipment maintenance plan
All maintenance shall be described in a detailed maintenance plan. The maintenance plan, at a minimum,
shall contain an overview of what types of maintenance are required, at which times they shall be
performed during the calendar year, and at which time intervals they shall be performed.
The main philosophy of the maintenance plan shall be that the identified qualified person responsible
for the daily operation shall perform/oversee the necessary maintenance of the marine finfish farm
with its main components.
The handbook shall give clear rules for how maintenance performed shall be entered into a log, or
documented in another manner and the maintenance routines shall be so well described that the
competent personnel shall be able to perform them without access to other information than that
provided in the handbook. A description shall be given of what type of competence is required for
personnel performing the various types of maintenance.
The maintenance plan shall be based on a risk analysis. This means that the plan shall be directed
towards the elements/parts which will result in the most serious impacts if they should fail.
The maintenance plan shall be related to the parts list. All parts in the overview shall be identified with
what type of maintenance they require and how often this shall take place.
5.3.3 Requirements regarding site inspection program
Inspection programs should be detailed, and at a minimum, shall include an overview of types of
inspection required, times during the calendar year they shall be performed, and at what intervals they
should be performed.
The main philosophy of the inspection program shall be that the person responsible for the daily operation
shall also perform/oversee the necessary inspections. The handbook shall give clear rules for how an
inspection that has been performed shall be entered into a log, or documented in another manner.
The inspection progra
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