ISO 23016-2:2019

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23016-2
First edition
2019-07
Fine bubble technology — Agricultural
applications —
Part 2:
Test method for evaluating the
promotion of the germination of
barley seeds
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General testing principle . 2
4.1 General overview of the test system . 2
4.2 Assessment of test results . 3
5 Test subjects . 4
6 Apparatus and test equipment . 4
6.1 Seeds for germination test . 4
6.2 UFB generating system and UFB water . 4
6.3 Measurement and observation equipment . 4
6.4 Beakers . 5
6.5 Constant-temperature water tank . 5
6.6 Plastic bags . 5
6.7 Test tray and filter paper . 5
6.8 Limit sample for inspection . 5
6.9 Maintenance of measurement devices and equipment . 5
6.9.1 Maintenance . 5
6.9.2 Calibration . 6
7 Test environment . 6
7.1 Temperature conditions . 6
7.2 Environmental parameters to be measured . 6
8 Test procedure . 6
8.1 Test period and interval between inspections. 6
8.2 Seed selection and packing into bags . 6
8.3 Use of UFB water and control water . 7
8.4 Tray preparation and seed sowing . 8
8.5 Inspection and recording . 9
9 Test report . 9
Annex A (informative) Example of test result at testing laboratory .10
Annex B (normative) Barley seed limit samples .12
Bibliography .13
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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electrotechnical standardization.
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different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 281, Fine bubble technology.
A list of all parts in the ISO 23016 series can be found on the ISO website.
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iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Considering the increasing use of fine bubble technology in agriculture, this document has been
developed to establish standards in this area, with particular focus on promoting the germination and
growth of barley seeds.
The use of fine bubble technology in agriculture has been confirmed to benefit various types of
agricultural products and has attracted the interest of various countries. Application of the technology
to leafy vegetables in agriculture is already well-established, and this is being expanded to seed
germination and growth as well. Worldwide as well, standardization of fine bubble technology in the
field of agriculture is not only being spotlighted but is being conducted in practice at a rapid pace. The
technology is expected to blossom rapidly.
Fine bubble technology has been applied successfully not only in agriculture but also in the fields of
environmental science, food, marine products, medicine, etc. Wide-ranging progress in standardizing
the technology is being made in these fields. The achievement of standardization in various fields is
expected to result in increased worldwide recognition of fine bubble technology in the future.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23016-2:2019(E)
Fine bubble technology — Agricultural applications —
Part 2:
Test method for evaluating the promotion of the
germination of barley seeds
1 Scope
This document specifies a method to test the promotion of the germination of barley seeds, using
ultrafine bubble (UFB) water produced from an ultrafine bubble water generating system. The
performance of the method is assessed by measuring the ratio of barley seed germination.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 20480-1, Fine bubble technology — General principles for usage and measurement of fine bubbles —
Part 1: Terminology
ISO 20480-2, Fine bubble technology — General principles for usage and measurement of fine bubbles —
Part 2: Categorization of the attributes of fine bubbles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20480-1 and ISO 20480-2 and
the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
germination
appearance of a sprout of at least 1 mm of length
[SOURCE: ISO 18763:2016, 3.7, modified — "root" has been replaced by "sprout".]
3.2
immersion
act of immersing unprocessed barley seeds in ultrafine bubble water or control water
3.3
ultrafine bubble generating system
UFB generating system
equipment that uses water and air to generate ultrafine bubbles by mechanical action
Note 1 to entry: Ultrafine bubbles (UFB) are bubbles with a diameter of less than 1 µm. See ISO 20480-1.
3.4
ultrafine bubble water
UFB water
water that includes UFB
Note 1 to entry: UFB are defined in ISO 20480-1.
3.5
control water
water for use as a control sample for the effects of UFB
3.6
raw water
distilled water supplied as a raw material for both UFB water (3.4) and control water (3.5)
3.7
test water
either UFB water (3.4) or control water (3.5)
3.8
UFB section
test beaker containing UFB water (3.4) for use in germination tests of barley seeds in UFB water
3.9
control section
test beaker containing control water (3.5) for use in germination tests of barley seeds in control water
3.10
growth period
period from sowing of seeds through the final germination observation
3.11
germination ratio
G
ratio of the seeds observed during inspection to have germinated to the total number of seeds provided
for the test
3.12
UFB enabled efficiency
P value
quantity measuring the efficiency of UFB for its enhancement in the germinating period
Note 1 to entry: P is defined by Formula (1).
4 General testing principle
4.1 General overview of the test system
UFB water shall be generated through the supply of raw water to the UFB generating system. The UFB
water shall be supplied to the UFB section to promote the germination of the barley seeds that have
been supplied to the UFB section. In addition, raw water for control purposes that does not contain UFB
shall be supplied directly to the control section. Figure 1 shows
...