ISO/DTR 19174

ISO/TC 211
ISO/CD TR 19174(en)
Secretariat: SIS
Geographic Information — Securing interoperability among
heterogeneous city domain information models
Information géographique — Sécuriser l'interopérabilité entre des modèles d'information hétérogènes dans le
domaine de la ville
ISO/CD TRDTR 19174:2024(:(en)
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ISO/CD TRDTR 19174:2024(:(en)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 3
4 Interoperability issues for city domain information models . 4
4.1 Overview . 4
4.2 Smart city standards and standardization activities . 4
4.3 Geospatial standards and standardization activities . 7
4.4 Data management and IoT standards and standardization activities . 7
4.5 Review of standards and standardization activities . 8
5 Registers and registries for SDI interoperability . 12
5.1 System interoperability . 12
5.2 Semantic interoperability . 14
5.3 Registry interoperability . 15
5.4 City domain model registration . 16
6 Use case development . 17
6.1 Registration and mapping use case . 17
7 Technical requirements . 24
8 Recommendation . 25
9 Conclusion . 26
Bibliography . 27

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ISO/CD TRDTR 19174:2024(:(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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ISO documentsdocument should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules
of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information., in collaboration
with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 287, Geographic
Information, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna
Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO/CD TRDTR 19174:2024(:(en)
Introduction
Local governments are actively implementing various smart city services. The heterogeneity of private and
public data generated from the smart city services is one of the major concerns standard development
organizations (SDOs(Standard Development Organizations) are actively underwayproceeding to solve for
interoperability. Information modelling fields are moving towards integrated geospatial information
environments, such as digital twins, cyber-physical systems, and the meta-verse. These trends have produced
new needs for standards in both private and public sectors that enable effective information sharing in terms
of the geospatial context for smart city services. Building efficient and effective interconnectedness and
sharing information between silo data models across domain fields and cities is one of the major concerns to
make seamless smart city services operational.
The objective of this document is to analyse a feasible way to accommodate interoperability elements for the
data component of an SDI and extend the meta model framework for interoperability (MFI) in securing
interoperability among heterogeneous domain information models under smart city context.
For the feasibility analysis, this document
a) defines the interoperability issues for city domain information models;
b) reviews relevant standards and best practices and examines methodologies or solutions to tackle the
interoperability issues;
c) suppose use case for interoperable domain information models under smart city context;
d) defines technical requirements in concern about how to apply the interoperability elements of the meta
model framework to support the interoperability of smart city services;
e) recommends and suggest the standardization items to be proceeded to secure more interoperability.

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ISO/CD TRDTR 19174:2024(:(en)
Geographic Information — Securing interoperability among
heterogeneous city domain information models
1 Scope
This document analyses a feasible way to accommodate interoperability elements for the data
componentscomponent of a spatial data infrastructure (SDI) and extend the meta model framework for
interoperability (MFI) in securing interoperability among heterogeneous domain information models under
the smart city service context.
This document:
a) definesoutlines the interoperability issues for city domain information models;
b) reviews relevant standards and best practices and examines methodologies or solutions to tackle the
interoperability issues;
c) supposesupposes a use case and provideprovides an example to secure interoperability among different
domain information models using model registry;
d) definesspecifies technical requirements in concern about how to apply the interoperability elements of
the meta model framework to support the interoperability of smart city services;
e) recommends and suggesthighlights the standardization items to be proceededdeveloped to secure
interoperability.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminologicalterminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at httphttps://www.iso.org/obp
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— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
information model
graphical and textual representation of entities and the relationships between them
Note 1 to entry: May also be known as a data model (3.1.5,), a conceptual data model, a logical data model, an entity
relationship model, an object class diagram or a database definition.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-1:2015 4.1.52023, 3.17]
ISO/CD TRDTR 19174:2024(:(en)
3.1.2
interoperability
capability to communicate, execute programs, or transfer data among various functional units in a manner
that requires the user to have little or no knowledge of the unique characteristics of those units
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382-1:1993]
3.1.3
metadata
information about a resource
[SOURCE: ISO 19115-1:2014, 4.10]
3.1.4
metamodel
model (3.1.5) that explains a set of related models, by defining the language for expressing such models
[SOURCE: ISO 14813-5:2010 B.1.84]
3.1.5
model
representation of some aspect of a domain of interest using a normative modelling facility andmodeland
model constructs
Note 1 to entry: modelsModels can be used to express a set of information requirements, processes, services, roles, goals
or someothersome other aspect of a domain of interest.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-1:2015, 42023, 3.1.12]
3.1.6
model information
representation of some aspect of a domain of interest using a normative modelling facility and model
constructs
Note 1 to entry: In MFI, the model information about a model will be registered using instances of Registered_Item as
specified in ISO/IEC 11179-3
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-1:2015 4.1.15]
3.1.73.1.6
model registry
registry whereinformation system for registering models (3.1.5are registered)
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-1:2015 4.1.162023, 3.10]
3.1.83.1.7
model repository
repository (3.1.8) where models (3.1.5) are stored
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-1:2015, 4.1.172023, 3.11]
3.1.93.1.8
repository
place where, or receptacle in which, things are or may be stored
ISO/CD TRDTR 19174:2024(:(en)
Note 1 to entry: In meta model framework for interoperability (MFI) and metadata registry (MDR,), a repository is
recognized as a database that stores actual instances tothat conform to aparticulara particular metamodel (3.1.4) or a
particular set of metadata (3.1.3.).
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-1:2015 4.1.25]
3.1.10
registry summary(RS)
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-1:2023 3.13 — "things are or can be stored" has been revised to "things are or may
be stored," "MDR" has been added and "information system" is revised to "database".]
3.1.9
registry summary is
RS
metadata (3.1.3) which refers to an individual registry system or an aggregate of registry systems
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-6:2015, 4.1.56 — "(RS)" has been added]
3.1.113.1.10
registry of registries
(RoR)
registry that stores registry summary (3.1.9Registry Summary) data showing an individual registry system
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19763-6:2015, 4.1.5]
3.2 Abbreviated terms
API Application Programming Interfaceapplication programming interface
BIM Building Information Modelingbuilding information modeling
CaLAThe Cadastre and Land Administration Thesauruscadastre and land administration thesaurus
CRS
...