Occupational health and safety management - Guidelines for organizations on preventing, controlling and managing infectious diseases

This document gives guidelines for organizations on how to prevent or control exposure to infectious agents at the workplace and manage the risks associated with infectious diseases that: - present a risk of severe ill health or death and can impact the health, safety and well-being of workers and other relevant interested parties; - present a lower risk to health yet have a significant impact on the organization, its workers and other relevant interested parties. This document is applicable to organizations of all sizes and sectors. NOTE This document does not provide comprehensive guidance to those parts of an organization that implement mandated infection controls such as hospitals and medical or biological laboratories because there is an inherent potential for exposure to infectious diseases. Applicable legislation and guidance are provided by government, regulators and health authorities for specific infection controls for the protection of workers in such settings and for work activities on or with pathogenic microorganisms.

Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes directrices sur la prévention, le contrôle et la prise en charge des maladies infectieuses destinées aux organismes

Sistem vodenja varnosti in zdravja pri delu - Smernice organizacijam za preprečevanje in obvladovanje nalezljivih bolezni

Ta dokument podaja smernice za organizacije, kako preprečiti izpostavljenost nalezljivim boleznim in obvladovati tveganja povezanih z njimi, ki: – predstavljajo tveganje hude bolezni ali smrti in lahko vplivajo na zdravje, varnost in dobro počutje delavcev in zadevnih zainteresiranih strani; – predstavljajo manjše tveganje za zdravje, vendar pa imajo pomemben vpliv na organizacijo, njene delavce in zadevne zainteresirane strani. Ta dokument se uporablja za organizacije vseh velikosti in z vseh sektorjev. Opomba: Vladni organi, regulatorji in zdravstveni organi določajo veljavno zakonodajo za obvladovanje posebnih nalezljivih bolezni za zaščito delavcev v kliničnem okolju in drugih zdravstvenih ustanovah in za dejavnosti dela s patogenimi mikroorganizmi.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
19-Dec-2023
Current Stage
6060 - International Standard published
Start Date
20-Dec-2023
Due Date
27-Jul-2024
Completion Date
20-Dec-2023

Relations

Overview

ISO 45006:2023 provides guidelines for occupational health and safety management focused on preventing, controlling and managing infectious diseases in the workplace. It helps organizations of all sizes and sectors identify infectious-disease hazards, assess related risks, and put in place proportionate controls to protect workers and other relevant interested parties. The standard addresses both high‑severity infectious diseases and lower‑severity diseases that nonetheless significantly affect operations. Note: it is not a substitute for mandated infection controls in clinical settings (hospitals, medical/biological laboratories).

Key topics and requirements

ISO 45006 covers the full risk‑management lifecycle for infectious disease threats, including:

  • Context of the organization: understanding internal and external issues and stakeholder diversity.
  • Characteristics of infectious diseases: factors affecting transmission and severity.
  • Leadership and worker participation: roles, responsibilities, consultation and competence.
  • Communication: methods for internal and external reporting and stakeholder engagement.
  • Hazard identification and risk assessment: systematic identification, assessment and documentation (Annex A includes example risk tables).
  • Selection and implementation of controls: use of the hierarchy of controls, planning changes, and additional considerations for contagious, non‑contagious and endemic diseases.
  • Personal protective equipment (PPE): selection guidance including gloves, face and respiratory protection.
  • Operational controls: workplace infection controls, common areas, meetings, deliveries, travel, working from home and working in multiple locations.
  • Psychosocial health: managing psychosocial hazards and supporting worker well‑being.
  • Emergency preparedness and response: planning for suspected/confirmed cases, screening, testing, contact tracing, quarantine and vaccination.
  • Performance evaluation and improvement: monitoring, measurement, analysis, management review and continual improvement.

Practical applications

ISO 45006 is practical for organizations seeking to integrate infectious‑disease risk controls into their occupational health and safety (OHS) management:

  • Employers, safety managers and OHS professionals designing workplace infection‑prevention programs.
  • HR, facilities and operations teams planning return‑to‑work measures, remote work policies and business continuity.
  • Small and medium enterprises needing scalable guidance for outbreak preparedness.
  • Contractors and suppliers managing work across multiple locations or in public settings.

Benefits include clearer risk controls, better worker engagement, reduced workplace transmission, and strengthened emergency response and continuity planning.

Related standards

  • ISO 45001 (Occupational health and safety management systems) - complementary for OHS system integration.
  • National public‑health and regulatory guidance - required for clinical or laboratory settings and for legally mandated infection controls.

Keywords: ISO 45006:2023, occupational health and safety management, infectious diseases, workplace infection control, risk assessment, PPE, emergency preparedness.

Standard
ISO 45006:2024
English language
40 pages
sale 10% off
Preview
sale 10% off
Preview
e-Library read for
1 day
Standard
ISO 45006:2023 - Occupational health and safety management — Guidelines for organizations on preventing, controlling and managing infectious diseases Released:20. 12. 2023
English language
34 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview
Standard
ISO 45006:2023 - Occupational health and safety management — Guidelines for organizations on preventing, controlling and managing infectious diseases Released:7/19/2024
Spanish language
38 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2024
Sistem vodenja varnosti in zdravja pri delu - Smernice organizacijam za
preprečevanje in obvladovanje nalezljivih bolezni
Occupational health and safety management - Guidelines for organizations on
preventing and managing infectious diseases
Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes directrices sur la
prévention et la prise en charge des maladies infectieuses destinées aux organismes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 45006:2023
ICS:
13.100 Varnost pri delu. Industrijska Occupational safety.
higiena Industrial hygiene
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 45006
First edition
2023-12
Occupational health and safety
management — Guidelines for
organizations on preventing,
controlling and managing infectious
diseases
Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes
directrices sur la prévention, le contrôle et la prise en charge des
maladies infectieuses destinées aux organismes
Reference number
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Context of the organization .4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 External issues . 4
4.3 Internal issues . 5
4.3.1 General . 5
4.3.2 Diversity of workers and other relevant interested parties . 5
5 Characteristics of infectious diseases . 6
6 L eadership and worker participation . 7
6.1 Leadership . 7
6.2 Consultation and participation of workers . 7
6.3 Roles, responsibilities and competence . 8
7 Communication .8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Methods of communication . 9
7.3 Communication with and reporting to external interested parties. 9
8 Hazards, risks and controls .9
8.1 Identification of hazards . 9
8.2 A ssessment of risks . 10
8.3 Determination of controls . 11
8.3.1 Selection of controls . 11
8.3.2 Hierarchy of controls . 11
8.3.3 Additional considerations for controls .12
8.4 P lanning of changes to controls .12
9 Psychological health and well-being .13
9.1 Psychosocial hazards and risks . 13
9.2 Controls to manage psychosocial risks . 13
10 Resources .14
11 Implementation of controls for infectious diseases .15
11.1 General . 15
11.2 Personal hygiene . 15
11.3 Work-related travel . 16
12 Implementation of controls for contagious diseases .16
12.1 General . 16
12.2 Workplaces under the control of the organization . 17
12.2.1 General workplace infection controls . 17
12.2.2 Use of common areas . 18
12.2.3 Meetings and visits to workplaces . 19
12.2.4 Deliveries . 19
12.3 Working from home . 20
12.4 Working in other people’s homes . 20
12.5 Working in multiple locations . 21
12.6 Working with the public . 22
13 Implementation of controls for non-contagious infectious diseases .22
iii
14 Implementation of controls for endemic diseases .23
15 Use of personal protective equipment and face coverings .23
15.1 General .23
15.2 Selection of appropriate protection . 24
15.2.1 General . 24
15.2.2 Protective gloves . 24
15.2.3 Face and respiratory protection . 25
16 Emergency preparedness and response .26
17 Management of suspected or confirmed cases of a relevant infectious disease .27
17.1 General . 27
17.2 Managing illness in a workplace . 27
17.2.1 General . 27
17.2.2 Occurrence of contagious disease.28
17.3 Screening, testing, contact tracing, quarantine and vaccination .28
18 Per f or m a nc e ev a lu at ion .28
18.1 General .28
18.2 M onitoring and measurement .29
18.3 Analysis and evaluation . 30
18.4 M anagement review . 30
19 Improvement .30
Annex A (informative) Examples of risk tables.32
Bibliography .34
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 283, Occupational health and safety
management.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
Introduction
Infectious diseases are increasingly recognized as major challenges to health, safety and well-being.
Decisions and activities relating to the prevention and management of infectious diseases affect workers
within the organization and other people who visit a workplace, come into contact with workers or can
be affected by the organization’s activities. This document is a response to the risks that infectious
diseases present to workers and other relevant interested parties (e.g. customers, the public, suppliers,
workers from other organizations, family members and other personal contacts).
There is a broad range of infectious diseases with potential impacts on health, safety and well-being,
which can vary from very mild to very serious depending on the nature of the infectious disease. Key
characteristics of infectious diseases (see Clause 5) are a major factor in the risk posed to workers and
other relevant interested parties.
Some infectious diseases are non-contagious and infect only the individual who contracts the disease
and do not usually transmit from human to human (e.g. legionellosis or malaria), while others are
contagious and have the potential to spread from a single individual to infect others (e.g. influenza,
COVID-19, smallpox, hepatitis, salmonellosis, tuberculosis, Ebola and HIV/AIDS), up to and including a
pandemic spread of the disease.
The impact in terms of severity of infectious diseases can vary from person to person depending on
underlying health conditions (e.g. asthma, diabetes, obesity, strength of immune system) and factors
such as age, sex and socio-economic situation. Impacts can be more severe where one or more such
circumstances exist.
This document provides guidelines to prevent or reduce exposure to, and transmission of, infectious
agents and to manage risks to workers and other relevant interested parties from infectious diseases. It
supports the principle that workers should not be required to work in settings without implementation
of appropriate prevention and controls.
The guidance is generic and applicable to organizations regardless of the nature of business, service
provision, size or complexity. It recognizes that many smaller organizations do not have dedicated
departments or functions such as occupational health and safety (OH&S), facilities management, human
resources or infectious disease specialists. More detailed information for specific functions is available
from professional bodies and a wide range of national and international standards.
Organizations using ISO 45001 can use this document to improve OH&S management by relating the
relevant clauses to the PDCA cycle:
— Plan: plan what needs to be done for the organization to work safely;
— Do: do what the organization has planned to do;
— Check: see how well it is working;
— Act: take actions to improve or change controls that are not effective.
Taking a system's approach facilitates the coordination of resources and efforts and will enable
organizations to better manage the risk from infectious diseases, by ensuring they are included in
existing OH&S processes.
This document is not intended to be a single step-by-step set of recommendations. It provides guidelines
to enable ongoing continual improvement and to ensure the organization responds to incidents of
infectious diseases, including epidemics and pandemics.
This document is designed to complement ISO 45001 by providing guidelines that align with the
requirements of ISO 45001. This document can be used independently, by any organization, to improve
OH&S performance.
vi
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 45006:2023(E)
Occupational health and safety management — Guidelines
for organizations on preventing, controlling and managing
infectious diseases
1 Scope
This document gives guidelines for organizations on how to prevent or control exposure to infectious
agents at the workplace and manage the risks associated with infectious diseases that:
— present a risk of severe ill health or death and can impact the health, safety and well-being of workers
and other relevant interested parties;
— present a lower risk to health yet have a significant impact on the organization, its workers and
other relevant interested parties.
This document is applicable to organizations of all sizes and sectors.
NOTE This document does not provide comprehensive guidance to those parts of an organization that
implement mandated infection controls such as hospitals and medical or biological laboratories because there
is an inherent potential for exposure to infectious diseases. Applicable legislation and guidance are provided
by government, regulators and health authorities for specific infection controls for the protection of workers in
such settings and for work activities on or with pathogenic microorganisms.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 45001:2018, Occupational health and safety management systems — Requirements with guidance for
use
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 45001 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
workplace
place where a person needs to be or to go for work purposes
Note 1 to entry: The organization’s responsibilities for the workplace depend on the degree of control over the
workplace.
Note 2 to entry: Workplaces can be inside or outside and include the worker’s own home, other people’s homes,
personal vehicles, vehicles provided by the organization, other organizations’ facilities and public spaces.
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.6, modified — “under the control of the organization” has been deleted
from the definition, “under the OH&S management system” has been deleted from Note 1 to entry and
Note 2 to entry has been added.]
3.2
legal requirements and other requirements
legal requirements that an organization has to comply with and other requirements that an organization
has to or chooses to comply with
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.9, modified — Notes 1, 2 and 3 to entry have been deleted.]
3.3
top management
person or group of people who directs and controls an organization at the highest level
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.12, modified — Notes 1, 2 and 3 to entry have been deleted.]
3.4
incident
occurrence arising out of, or in the course of, work that can or does result in injury and ill health
Note 1 to entry: In this document, “injury and ill health” refers to contracting an infectious disease (3.8) or any
identifiable, adverse physical or psychological condition arising from or associated with an infectious disease.
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.35, modified — Note 1 to entry has been replaced, and Notes 2 and 3 to
entry have been deleted.]
3.5
personal protective equipment
PPE
device or appliance designed to be worn by an individual for their protection against one or more health
and safety hazards
Note 1 to entry: PPE includes, but is not limited to, gowns, gloves, respirators, safety glasses, helmets and goggles.
Note 2 to entry: While generally not considered PPE, masks, and other face coverings (3.6) can provide a level of
protection for the user in addition to their primary purpose as a public health measure to control the spread of
transmission and infection.
Note 3 to entry: In many countries, PPE is required to conform to national regulations.
[SOURCE: ISO 15384:2018, 3.12, modified — “or held” have been deleted after “worn” and “their” has
been added before “protection” in the definition, and Notes 1, 2 and 3 to entry have been added.]
3.6
face covering
facepiece that covers the mouth, nose and chin
EXAMPLE ‘community masks’, ‘hygiene masks’, ‘barrier masks’, and ‘comfort masks’ are all examples of face
coverings.
Note 1 to entry: Face coverings in the context of this document are not considered to be personal protective
equipment (PPE) (3.5) or a medical device.
3.7
well-being
fulfilment of the physical, mental and cognitive needs and expectations of a worker related to their
work
Note 1 to entry: Well-being can also contribute to the quality of life outside of work.
Note 2 to entry: Well-being relates to all aspects of working life, including work organization, social factors at
work, work environment, equipment and hazardous tasks.
[SOURCE: ISO 45003:2021, 3.2, modified — “at work” has been deleted after “well-being” from the term
and Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been added.]
3.8
common area
space and amenity provided for the use of more than one person
EXAMPLE Canteens, lifts/elevators, stairs, reception areas, meeting rooms, areas of worship, toilets,
gardens, fire escapes, kitchens, fitness facilities, store rooms, laundry facilities.
Note 1 to entry: Common areas can include spaces and amenities used by more than one organization.
Note 2 to entry: Common areas can include spaces and amenities where people are working.
[SOURCE: ISO/PAS 45005:2020, 3.11, modified — the term "common areas" has been changed to
"common area", "spaces and amenities" has been changed to "space and amenity" in the definition, and
Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been added.]
3.9
infectious disease
condition caused by agents such as bacteria, viruses, prion, parasites or fungi that can spread, directly
or indirectly, and that can result in ill-health
Note 1 to entry: In this document, “infectious disease” refers to a disease that:
— presents a risk of severe ill health or death and can impact the health, safety and well-being (3.7) of workers
and other relevant interested parties;
— presents a lower risk of ill health yet has a significant impact on the organization, its workers and other
relevant interested parties.
3.10
contagious disease
infectious disease (3.9) that can be transmitted from person to person
EXAMPLE Influenza, Ebola, hepatitis.
3.11
outbreak
increase in cases of an infectious disease (3.9) in excess of what is normally expected in a particular
location, community or geographical region in a specified time period
Note 1 to entry: An outbreak can affect a small and localized group or multiple groups and places and can result
in an epidemic (3.12) or pandemic (3.13).
Note 2 to entry: Two linked cases of an infectious disease can be sufficient to constitute an outbreak.
3.12
epidemic
large number of cases of a particular infectious disease (3.9), occurring at the same time in a community
or geographic region
[SOURCE: ISO 28901:2011, 3.6 modified — “infectious” has been added before “disease”, “usually
infectious” has been deleted, “particular community” has been replaced with “community or geographic
region” in the definition.]
3.13
pandemic
worldwide spread of an infectious disease (3.9)
Note 1 to entry: A pandemic is declared by the World Health Organization (WHO).
[SOURCE: ISO/PAS 45005:2020, 3.5, modified — “infectious” added before “disease” and Note 1 to entry
has been added.]
3.14
endemic infectious disease
infectious disease (3.9) either constantly present or usually prevalent in a particular geographic region
4 Context of the organization
4.1 General
The organization should obtain and maintain awareness of known and emerging infectious diseases
that can, or are likely to, significantly affect the organization or its activities.
The organization should determine external and internal issues and consider:
a) the specific hazards and related risks from infectious diseases to workers and other interested
parties who can be affected by the organization’s activities (e.g. visitors, customers, clients, service
users, the public) (see 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3);
b) if changes should be made to its operations to address the risks (see 8.4);
c) how workers can be supported to work safely (see Clauses 11 to 17).
NOTE 1 Infectious diseases can vary in occurrence, impact and severity depending on country or region.
NOTE 2 Appropriate controls can vary depending on country or region.
4.2 External issues
When determining external issues, the organization should consider:
a) emergence and/or prevalence of infectious disease within the local community (including in other
organizations and other workplaces);
b) local, regional, national and international circumstances and related legal requirements and other
requirements, and guidance (e.g. likelihood of infectious diseases being transmitted through
people, products or services moving from one place to another);
c) availability of clinical services, testing, treatments and vaccines;
d) availability of health, safety and other supplies (e.g. PPE, face coverings, hand sanitizers,
thermometers, cleaning and disinfection materials);
e) potential changes or problems in the supply chain;
f) the modes of transport workers use to travel to and from work (e.g. public transport, car, bicycle,
walking, shared transport);
g) workers travelling into regions with an endemic infectious disease or an outbreak of an infectious
disease;
h) workers' access to childcare and schooling for their children;
i) suitability of worker’s home for remote working;
j) workers’ domestic situations (e.g. living with someone who is at higher risk of contracting or
getting severely ill from infectious diseases);
k) continuity of essential services (e.g. food provision, domestic infrastructure, utilities);
l) changes in the needs and expectations, or behaviours of relevant interested parties;
m) local culture and cultural behaviours (e.g. kissing, hugging, shaking hands);
n) increased or decreased demand for the organization’s products/services.
4.3 Internal issues
4.3.1 General
When determining internal issues, the organization should consider:
a) prevalence or likelihood of an infectious disease in the organization;
b) sources of infectious agents in the workplace that can result in an infectious disease
c) ability of the organization to gain up-to-date knowledge about infectious diseases;
d) type of organization and related activities (e.g. primary production, processing, manufacturing,
services, retail, social care, training or other education, delivery or distribution);
e) number, locations and types of workplaces potentially affected (e.g. offices, factories, workshops,
warehouses, water treatment plants, vehicles, retail outlets, workers’ own homes or other people’s
homes);
f) how work is organized (e.g. changed work demands, pace of work, time pressure, shift work, travel
requirements) and how this impacts workers’ health, safety and well-being;
g) resource availability (e.g. operational, health and safety, hygiene);
h) cultural values within the organization that can affect risk controls;
i) the relationship between workers and the organization (e.g. employed, contractors, volunteers,
freelance, part-time, shift workers, remote workers);
j) specific needs of workers considered to be at higher risk for contracting or getting severely ill from
an infectious disease (e.g. workers with underlying health conditions);
k) specific needs of diverse workers (see 4.3.2);
l) language barriers and communication issues;
m) the extent to which it is possible to implement specific infection controls in a workplace or in
relation to work activities or ways of working;
n) increased worker absence (e.g. due to illness, self-isolation or quarantine requirements,
bereavement).
4.3.2 Diversity of workers and other relevant interested parties
The organization should take into account the full diversity of its workers and other relevant interested
parties when determining internal issues (see 4.3.1) relating to preventing and managing infectious
diseases. The organization should consider that individual workers and other relevant interested
parties have different needs, based on their characteristics and personal circumstances, such as:
a) gender-specific needs;
b) pregnancy or recently given birth;
c) those caring for or living with vulnerable individuals (e.g. infants, immunocompromised family
members);
d) age, taking into account both older and younger workers;
e) disabilities;
f) ethnicity, culture and faith;
g) those with underlying health conditions (e.g. immunocompromised, asthmatics).
NOTE 1 Disabilities can affect the suitability of controls for infectious diseases, including accessibility to
buildings, facilities, equipment or services. Disabilities include physical and mental impairment. People with a
disability can include wheelchair users, those with mobility, hearing or sight impairment, or with a condition or
illness that has an impact on their mental capacity.
NOTE 2 Many people have disabilities or vulnerabilities to infectious diseases, or specific needs which are not
immediately apparent (e.g. people with diabetes, respiratory conditions, heart conditions, hearing impairment).
5 Characteristics of infectious diseases
As part of the assessment of risks, the organization should take into account the characteristics of
infectious diseases that are likely to impact workers and other interested parties, so that suitable
controls can be determined (see Clause 8). Characteristics of an infectious disease include:
a) virulence of the infectious agent causing the disease;
b) likelihood of transmission;
c) incubation period;
d) time frame during which people can transmit a contagious disease;
e) length of time an infectious agent remains infectious on contaminated objects or materials;
f) symptoms related to the infectious disease;
g) potential severity of illnesses (see Table A.1);
h) sources and modes of transmission, including:
1) an infectious agent carried by another person that is spread through skin-to-skin contact,
biological waste or exchange of bodily fluids (e.g. personal care hazards, sexual interaction);
2) animals or insects that are infected with or carry an infectious agent (e.g. through touch, stings
or bites);
3) contaminated environmental sources (e.g. through water or air);
4) inhalation (e.g. mould spores, inhalation of bodily fluids from coughing);
5) ingestion (e.g. through eating contaminated food);
6) skin puncture (e.g. injections, wounds);
7) contact with a contaminated surface or object (e.g. used needles, door handles).
The organization should seek advice from:
— trusted bodies (e.g. public health authorities, disease control centres, the World Health Organization,
the International Labour Organization);
— specialists (e.g. epidemiologists, infectious disease physicians, occupational health specialists and
hygienists, public health practitioners, other infectious disease experts).
The organization should be aware that information about emerging diseases changes over time.
NOTE Some people who are infected do not show symptoms but can transmit the disease.
6 Le adership and worker participation
6.1 Leadership
Top management, and managers at all levels should demonstrate leadership to effectively manage risks
to workers and other relevant interested parties arising from infectious diseases that are, or can be, in
the workplace.
Top management should communicate to workers and other interested parties:
— how concerns about, or incidences of, infectious diseases should be reported;
— the organization’s commitment to transparency when managing infectious diseases;
— actions to take if a person has, or suspects they have, contracted an infectious disease;
— actions the organization will take to support workers and other relevant interested parties when
there is an outbreak of an infectious disease or an infectious disease incident;
— support for workers to remove themselves from work situations believed to present an imminent or
serious risk to life or health.
When an infectious disease is known to be, or can be, an issue, top management should:
a) provide adequate resources (see Clause 10) and make them available in a timely and effective
manner;
b) consult with, and encourage, participation of workers and worker representatives, where they
exist, in making decisions that affect work-related health, safety and well-being (see 6.2);
c) provide appropriate support for workers unable to work, including provision of appropriate
leave from work, paid if possible (so that concerns about pay do not lead to workers coming to a
workplace when they are unwell or potentially contagious);
d) protect workers from reprisals when reporting potential cases of illness or incidents;
e) coordinate across all parts of the organization when implementing measures to manage the risks
to workers and other relevant interested parties related to infectious diseases;
f) ensure the health and safety of workers in workplaces not under the control of the organization
(e.g. at home, in other people’s homes, workers in a mobile role, other locations) are taken into
account;
g) seek advice and information from competent and trusted bodies, specialists and sources on
managing risks to workers and other relevant interested parties, when necessary;
h) implement processes for returning to work and rehabilitation.
Managers at all levels should ensure workers have been instructed on what to do in relation to exposure
to an infectious agent (e.g. seeking medical or psychological advice) and support workers to take
appropriate actions.
6.2 Consultation and participation of workers
The organization should consult workers and encourage their participation as appropriate to facilitate
better understanding of infectious agents that can impact the organization as well as hazards and risks
related to infectious diseases and health outcomes.
Taking into account the full diversity of the workforce (see 4.3.2), the organization should:
a) promote and support participation of workers, including those with specific OH&S responsibilities,
worker representatives and subject-matter experts, where they exist, in assessing risks related to
infectious diseases and making decisions on how to manage them;
b) provide ways for workers, worker representatives, where they exist, and other relevant interested
parties to suggest improvements, including anonymously to give feedback;
c) seek feedback from workers and worker representatives, where they exist, on actions taken to
manage health, safety and well-being (e.g. meetings collaboration tools, online surveys, emails);
d) address concerns raised by workers and other relevant interested parties (including health
professionals and other experts) and provide feedback on action taken.
6.3 Roles, responsibilities and competence
While top management has ultimate accountability, top management should consider assigning specific
workers (or a single worker in a small organization) the role of implementing, maintaining, activating
or increasing health and safety controls associated with infectious diseases, assessing effectiveness,
and reporting issues.
The organization can also consider establishing an advisory group, including a top management
representative, to determine a plan for preventing and/or managing infectious diseases that can
significantly affect the organization and its activities. The advisory group can include, for example,
infectious disease experts, health and safety committee members, crisis management experts, business
continuity experts and workers or workers’ representatives where they exist.
The organization should ensure that workers are competent to perform any roles or activities relating to
infectious diseases that they are assigned. If workers are allocated new roles or tasks, the organization
should provide adequate training and support to ensure workers are competent to perform those roles.
7 Communication
7.1 General
The organization should communicate with workers and other relevant interested parties on controls
for preventing exposure to and transmission of infectious agents and managing the risks related to
an infectious disease. When an infectious disease is known to be of concern, the organization should
provide information and guidance on:
a) the characteristics of a relevant infectious disease of current concern, including potential severity,
symptoms and how it is transmitted (see Clause 5);
b) changes relating to entering or moving around a workplace;
c) changes to work times, locations, activities and work tasks;
d) changes in processes, policies, equipment and facilities that have been made or are likely to be
made;
e) changes in the availability of, or access to, facilities or functions [e.g. use of rest areas, shared
equipment, human resources (HR), information technology (IT) support].
The organization should establish who is responsible for communicating health and safety information
and guidance:
— externally, for example to suppliers, visitors, customers, workers from other organizations and
other interested parties;
— internally, to all types of workers, including new, temporary, remote and shift workers.
Communication with workers and other relevant interested parties should be two-way and encourage
ongoing conversation as well as more formal participation (see 6.2).
The organization should consider when communications about workplace changes in relation to an
incident or outbreak of infectious disease should occur. These can include:
— before first arrival at the workplace (e.g. by phone, website, intranet, email);
— on first and subs
...


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 45006
First edition
2023-12
Occupational health and safety
management — Guidelines for
organizations on preventing,
controlling and managing infectious
diseases
Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes
directrices sur la prévention, le contrôle et la prise en charge des
maladies infectieuses destinées aux organismes
Reference number
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Context of the organization .4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 External issues . 4
4.3 Internal issues . 5
4.3.1 General . 5
4.3.2 Diversity of workers and other relevant interested parties . 5
5 Characteristics of infectious diseases . 6
6 L eadership and worker participation . 7
6.1 Leadership . 7
6.2 Consultation and participation of workers . 7
6.3 Roles, responsibilities and competence . 8
7 Communication .8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Methods of communication . 9
7.3 Communication with and reporting to external interested parties. 9
8 Hazards, risks and controls .9
8.1 Identification of hazards . 9
8.2 A ssessment of risks . 10
8.3 Determination of controls . 11
8.3.1 Selection of controls . 11
8.3.2 Hierarchy of controls . 11
8.3.3 Additional considerations for controls .12
8.4 P lanning of changes to controls .12
9 Psychological health and well-being .13
9.1 Psychosocial hazards and risks . 13
9.2 Controls to manage psychosocial risks . 13
10 Resources .14
11 Implementation of controls for infectious diseases .15
11.1 General . 15
11.2 Personal hygiene . 15
11.3 Work-related travel . 16
12 Implementation of controls for contagious diseases .16
12.1 General . 16
12.2 Workplaces under the control of the organization . 17
12.2.1 General workplace infection controls . 17
12.2.2 Use of common areas . 18
12.2.3 Meetings and visits to workplaces . 19
12.2.4 Deliveries . 19
12.3 Working from home . 20
12.4 Working in other people’s homes . 20
12.5 Working in multiple locations . 21
12.6 Working with the public . 22
13 Implementation of controls for non-contagious infectious diseases .22
iii
14 Implementation of controls for endemic diseases .23
15 Use of personal protective equipment and face coverings .23
15.1 General .23
15.2 Selection of appropriate protection . 24
15.2.1 General . 24
15.2.2 Protective gloves . 24
15.2.3 Face and respiratory protection . 25
16 Emergency preparedness and response .26
17 Management of suspected or confirmed cases of a relevant infectious disease .27
17.1 General . 27
17.2 Managing illness in a workplace . 27
17.2.1 General . 27
17.2.2 Occurrence of contagious disease.28
17.3 Screening, testing, contact tracing, quarantine and vaccination .28
18 Per f or m a nc e ev a lu at ion .28
18.1 General .28
18.2 M onitoring and measurement .29
18.3 Analysis and evaluation . 30
18.4 M anagement review . 30
19 Improvement .30
Annex A (informative) Examples of risk tables.32
Bibliography .34
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 283, Occupational health and safety
management.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
Introduction
Infectious diseases are increasingly recognized as major challenges to health, safety and well-being.
Decisions and activities relating to the prevention and management of infectious diseases affect workers
within the organization and other people who visit a workplace, come into contact with workers or can
be affected by the organization’s activities. This document is a response to the risks that infectious
diseases present to workers and other relevant interested parties (e.g. customers, the public, suppliers,
workers from other organizations, family members and other personal contacts).
There is a broad range of infectious diseases with potential impacts on health, safety and well-being,
which can vary from very mild to very serious depending on the nature of the infectious disease. Key
characteristics of infectious diseases (see Clause 5) are a major factor in the risk posed to workers and
other relevant interested parties.
Some infectious diseases are non-contagious and infect only the individual who contracts the disease
and do not usually transmit from human to human (e.g. legionellosis or malaria), while others are
contagious and have the potential to spread from a single individual to infect others (e.g. influenza,
COVID-19, smallpox, hepatitis, salmonellosis, tuberculosis, Ebola and HIV/AIDS), up to and including a
pandemic spread of the disease.
The impact in terms of severity of infectious diseases can vary from person to person depending on
underlying health conditions (e.g. asthma, diabetes, obesity, strength of immune system) and factors
such as age, sex and socio-economic situation. Impacts can be more severe where one or more such
circumstances exist.
This document provides guidelines to prevent or reduce exposure to, and transmission of, infectious
agents and to manage risks to workers and other relevant interested parties from infectious diseases. It
supports the principle that workers should not be required to work in settings without implementation
of appropriate prevention and controls.
The guidance is generic and applicable to organizations regardless of the nature of business, service
provision, size or complexity. It recognizes that many smaller organizations do not have dedicated
departments or functions such as occupational health and safety (OH&S), facilities management, human
resources or infectious disease specialists. More detailed information for specific functions is available
from professional bodies and a wide range of national and international standards.
Organizations using ISO 45001 can use this document to improve OH&S management by relating the
relevant clauses to the PDCA cycle:
— Plan: plan what needs to be done for the organization to work safely;
— Do: do what the organization has planned to do;
— Check: see how well it is working;
— Act: take actions to improve or change controls that are not effective.
Taking a system's approach facilitates the coordination of resources and efforts and will enable
organizations to better manage the risk from infectious diseases, by ensuring they are included in
existing OH&S processes.
This document is not intended to be a single step-by-step set of recommendations. It provides guidelines
to enable ongoing continual improvement and to ensure the organization responds to incidents of
infectious diseases, including epidemics and pandemics.
This document is designed to complement ISO 45001 by providing guidelines that align with the
requirements of ISO 45001. This document can be used independently, by any organization, to improve
OH&S performance.
vi
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 45006:2023(E)
Occupational health and safety management — Guidelines
for organizations on preventing, controlling and managing
infectious diseases
1 Scope
This document gives guidelines for organizations on how to prevent or control exposure to infectious
agents at the workplace and manage the risks associated with infectious diseases that:
— present a risk of severe ill health or death and can impact the health, safety and well-being of workers
and other relevant interested parties;
— present a lower risk to health yet have a significant impact on the organization, its workers and
other relevant interested parties.
This document is applicable to organizations of all sizes and sectors.
NOTE This document does not provide comprehensive guidance to those parts of an organization that
implement mandated infection controls such as hospitals and medical or biological laboratories because there
is an inherent potential for exposure to infectious diseases. Applicable legislation and guidance are provided
by government, regulators and health authorities for specific infection controls for the protection of workers in
such settings and for work activities on or with pathogenic microorganisms.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 45001:2018, Occupational health and safety management systems — Requirements with guidance for
use
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 45001 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
workplace
place where a person needs to be or to go for work purposes
Note 1 to entry: The organization’s responsibilities for the workplace depend on the degree of control over the
workplace.
Note 2 to entry: Workplaces can be inside or outside and include the worker’s own home, other people’s homes,
personal vehicles, vehicles provided by the organization, other organizations’ facilities and public spaces.
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.6, modified — “under the control of the organization” has been deleted
from the definition, “under the OH&S management system” has been deleted from Note 1 to entry and
Note 2 to entry has been added.]
3.2
legal requirements and other requirements
legal requirements that an organization has to comply with and other requirements that an organization
has to or chooses to comply with
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.9, modified — Notes 1, 2 and 3 to entry have been deleted.]
3.3
top management
person or group of people who directs and controls an organization at the highest level
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.12, modified — Notes 1, 2 and 3 to entry have been deleted.]
3.4
incident
occurrence arising out of, or in the course of, work that can or does result in injury and ill health
Note 1 to entry: In this document, “injury and ill health” refers to contracting an infectious disease (3.8) or any
identifiable, adverse physical or psychological condition arising from or associated with an infectious disease.
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.35, modified — Note 1 to entry has been replaced, and Notes 2 and 3 to
entry have been deleted.]
3.5
personal protective equipment
PPE
device or appliance designed to be worn by an individual for their protection against one or more health
and safety hazards
Note 1 to entry: PPE includes, but is not limited to, gowns, gloves, respirators, safety glasses, helmets and goggles.
Note 2 to entry: While generally not considered PPE, masks, and other face coverings (3.6) can provide a level of
protection for the user in addition to their primary purpose as a public health measure to control the spread of
transmission and infection.
Note 3 to entry: In many countries, PPE is required to conform to national regulations.
[SOURCE: ISO 15384:2018, 3.12, modified — “or held” have been deleted after “worn” and “their” has
been added before “protection” in the definition, and Notes 1, 2 and 3 to entry have been added.]
3.6
face covering
facepiece that covers the mouth, nose and chin
EXAMPLE ‘community masks’, ‘hygiene masks’, ‘barrier masks’, and ‘comfort masks’ are all examples of face
coverings.
Note 1 to entry: Face coverings in the context of this document are not considered to be personal protective
equipment (PPE) (3.5) or a medical device.
3.7
well-being
fulfilment of the physical, mental and cognitive needs and expectations of a worker related to their
work
Note 1 to entry: Well-being can also contribute to the quality of life outside of work.
Note 2 to entry: Well-being relates to all aspects of working life, including work organization, social factors at
work, work environment, equipment and hazardous tasks.
[SOURCE: ISO 45003:2021, 3.2, modified — “at work” has been deleted after “well-being” from the term
and Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been added.]
3.8
common area
space and amenity provided for the use of more than one person
EXAMPLE Canteens, lifts/elevators, stairs, reception areas, meeting rooms, areas of worship, toilets,
gardens, fire escapes, kitchens, fitness facilities, store rooms, laundry facilities.
Note 1 to entry: Common areas can include spaces and amenities used by more than one organization.
Note 2 to entry: Common areas can include spaces and amenities where people are working.
[SOURCE: ISO/PAS 45005:2020, 3.11, modified — the term "common areas" has been changed to
"common area", "spaces and amenities" has been changed to "space and amenity" in the definition, and
Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been added.]
3.9
infectious disease
condition caused by agents such as bacteria, viruses, prion, parasites or fungi that can spread, directly
or indirectly, and that can result in ill-health
Note 1 to entry: In this document, “infectious disease” refers to a disease that:
— presents a risk of severe ill health or death and can impact the health, safety and well-being (3.7) of workers
and other relevant interested parties;
— presents a lower risk of ill health yet has a significant impact on the organization, its workers and other
relevant interested parties.
3.10
contagious disease
infectious disease (3.9) that can be transmitted from person to person
EXAMPLE Influenza, Ebola, hepatitis.
3.11
outbreak
increase in cases of an infectious disease (3.9) in excess of what is normally expected in a particular
location, community or geographical region in a specified time period
Note 1 to entry: An outbreak can affect a small and localized group or multiple groups and places and can result
in an epidemic (3.12) or pandemic (3.13).
Note 2 to entry: Two linked cases of an infectious disease can be sufficient to constitute an outbreak.
3.12
epidemic
large number of cases of a particular infectious disease (3.9), occurring at the same time in a community
or geographic region
[SOURCE: ISO 28901:2011, 3.6 modified — “infectious” has been added before “disease”, “usually
infectious” has been deleted, “particular community” has been replaced with “community or geographic
region” in the definition.]
3.13
pandemic
worldwide spread of an infectious disease (3.9)
Note 1 to entry: A pandemic is declared by the World Health Organization (WHO).
[SOURCE: ISO/PAS 45005:2020, 3.5, modified — “infectious” added before “disease” and Note 1 to entry
has been added.]
3.14
endemic infectious disease
infectious disease (3.9) either constantly present or usually prevalent in a particular geographic region
4 Context of the organization
4.1 General
The organization should obtain and maintain awareness of known and emerging infectious diseases
that can, or are likely to, significantly affect the organization or its activities.
The organization should determine external and internal issues and consider:
a) the specific hazards and related risks from infectious diseases to workers and other interested
parties who can be affected by the organization’s activities (e.g. visitors, customers, clients, service
users, the public) (see 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3);
b) if changes should be made to its operations to address the risks (see 8.4);
c) how workers can be supported to work safely (see Clauses 11 to 17).
NOTE 1 Infectious diseases can vary in occurrence, impact and severity depending on country or region.
NOTE 2 Appropriate controls can vary depending on country or region.
4.2 External issues
When determining external issues, the organization should consider:
a) emergence and/or prevalence of infectious disease within the local community (including in other
organizations and other workplaces);
b) local, regional, national and international circumstances and related legal requirements and other
requirements, and guidance (e.g. likelihood of infectious diseases being transmitted through
people, products or services moving from one place to another);
c) availability of clinical services, testing, treatments and vaccines;
d) availability of health, safety and other supplies (e.g. PPE, face coverings, hand sanitizers,
thermometers, cleaning and disinfection materials);
e) potential changes or problems in the supply chain;
f) the modes of transport workers use to travel to and from work (e.g. public transport, car, bicycle,
walking, shared transport);
g) workers travelling into regions with an endemic infectious disease or an outbreak of an infectious
disease;
h) workers' access to childcare and schooling for their children;
i) suitability of worker’s home for remote working;
j) workers’ domestic situations (e.g. living with someone who is at higher risk of contracting or
getting severely ill from infectious diseases);
k) continuity of essential services (e.g. food provision, domestic infrastructure, utilities);
l) changes in the needs and expectations, or behaviours of relevant interested parties;
m) local culture and cultural behaviours (e.g. kissing, hugging, shaking hands);
n) increased or decreased demand for the organization’s products/services.
4.3 Internal issues
4.3.1 General
When determining internal issues, the organization should consider:
a) prevalence or likelihood of an infectious disease in the organization;
b) sources of infectious agents in the workplace that can result in an infectious disease
c) ability of the organization to gain up-to-date knowledge about infectious diseases;
d) type of organization and related activities (e.g. primary production, processing, manufacturing,
services, retail, social care, training or other education, delivery or distribution);
e) number, locations and types of workplaces potentially affected (e.g. offices, factories, workshops,
warehouses, water treatment plants, vehicles, retail outlets, workers’ own homes or other people’s
homes);
f) how work is organized (e.g. changed work demands, pace of work, time pressure, shift work, travel
requirements) and how this impacts workers’ health, safety and well-being;
g) resource availability (e.g. operational, health and safety, hygiene);
h) cultural values within the organization that can affect risk controls;
i) the relationship between workers and the organization (e.g. employed, contractors, volunteers,
freelance, part-time, shift workers, remote workers);
j) specific needs of workers considered to be at higher risk for contracting or getting severely ill from
an infectious disease (e.g. workers with underlying health conditions);
k) specific needs of diverse workers (see 4.3.2);
l) language barriers and communication issues;
m) the extent to which it is possible to implement specific infection controls in a workplace or in
relation to work activities or ways of working;
n) increased worker absence (e.g. due to illness, self-isolation or quarantine requirements,
bereavement).
4.3.2 Diversity of workers and other relevant interested parties
The organization should take into account the full diversity of its workers and other relevant interested
parties when determining internal issues (see 4.3.1) relating to preventing and managing infectious
diseases. The organization should consider that individual workers and other relevant interested
parties have different needs, based on their characteristics and personal circumstances, such as:
a) gender-specific needs;
b) pregnancy or recently given birth;
c) those caring for or living with vulnerable individuals (e.g. infants, immunocompromised family
members);
d) age, taking into account both older and younger workers;
e) disabilities;
f) ethnicity, culture and faith;
g) those with underlying health conditions (e.g. immunocompromised, asthmatics).
NOTE 1 Disabilities can affect the suitability of controls for infectious diseases, including accessibility to
buildings, facilities, equipment or services. Disabilities include physical and mental impairment. People with a
disability can include wheelchair users, those with mobility, hearing or sight impairment, or with a condition or
illness that has an impact on their mental capacity.
NOTE 2 Many people have disabilities or vulnerabilities to infectious diseases, or specific needs which are not
immediately apparent (e.g. people with diabetes, respiratory conditions, heart conditions, hearing impairment).
5 Characteristics of infectious diseases
As part of the assessment of risks, the organization should take into account the characteristics of
infectious diseases that are likely to impact workers and other interested parties, so that suitable
controls can be determined (see Clause 8). Characteristics of an infectious disease include:
a) virulence of the infectious agent causing the disease;
b) likelihood of transmission;
c) incubation period;
d) time frame during which people can transmit a contagious disease;
e) length of time an infectious agent remains infectious on contaminated objects or materials;
f) symptoms related to the infectious disease;
g) potential severity of illnesses (see Table A.1);
h) sources and modes of transmission, including:
1) an infectious agent carried by another person that is spread through skin-to-skin contact,
biological waste or exchange of bodily fluids (e.g. personal care hazards, sexual interaction);
2) animals or insects that are infected with or carry an infectious agent (e.g. through touch, stings
or bites);
3) contaminated environmental sources (e.g. through water or air);
4) inhalation (e.g. mould spores, inhalation of bodily fluids from coughing);
5) ingestion (e.g. through eating contaminated food);
6) skin puncture (e.g. injections, wounds);
7) contact with a contaminated surface or object (e.g. used needles, door handles).
The organization should seek advice from:
— trusted bodies (e.g. public health authorities, disease control centres, the World Health Organization,
the International Labour Organization);
— specialists (e.g. epidemiologists, infectious disease physicians, occupational health specialists and
hygienists, public health practitioners, other infectious disease experts).
The organization should be aware that information about emerging diseases changes over time.
NOTE Some people who are infected do not show symptoms but can transmit the disease.
6 Le adership and worker participation
6.1 Leadership
Top management, and managers at all levels should demonstrate leadership to effectively manage risks
to workers and other relevant interested parties arising from infectious diseases that are, or can be, in
the workplace.
Top management should communicate to workers and other interested parties:
— how concerns about, or incidences of, infectious diseases should be reported;
— the organization’s commitment to transparency when managing infectious diseases;
— actions to take if a person has, or suspects they have, contracted an infectious disease;
— actions the organization will take to support workers and other relevant interested parties when
there is an outbreak of an infectious disease or an infectious disease incident;
— support for workers to remove themselves from work situations believed to present an imminent or
serious risk to life or health.
When an infectious disease is known to be, or can be, an issue, top management should:
a) provide adequate resources (see Clause 10) and make them available in a timely and effective
manner;
b) consult with, and encourage, participation of workers and worker representatives, where they
exist, in making decisions that affect work-related health, safety and well-being (see 6.2);
c) provide appropriate support for workers unable to work, including provision of appropriate
leave from work, paid if possible (so that concerns about pay do not lead to workers coming to a
workplace when they are unwell or potentially contagious);
d) protect workers from reprisals when reporting potential cases of illness or incidents;
e) coordinate across all parts of the organization when implementing measures to manage the risks
to workers and other relevant interested parties related to infectious diseases;
f) ensure the health and safety of workers in workplaces not under the control of the organization
(e.g. at home, in other people’s homes, workers in a mobile role, other locations) are taken into
account;
g) seek advice and information from competent and trusted bodies, specialists and sources on
managing risks to workers and other relevant interested parties, when necessary;
h) implement processes for returning to work and rehabilitation.
Managers at all levels should ensure workers have been instructed on what to do in relation to exposure
to an infectious agent (e.g. seeking medical or psychological advice) and support workers to take
appropriate actions.
6.2 Consultation and participation of workers
The organization should consult workers and encourage their participation as appropriate to facilitate
better understanding of infectious agents that can impact the organization as well as hazards and risks
related to infectious diseases and health outcomes.
Taking into account the full diversity of the workforce (see 4.3.2), the organization should:
a) promote and support participation of workers, including those with specific OH&S responsibilities,
worker representatives and subject-matter experts, where they exist, in assessing risks related to
infectious diseases and making decisions on how to manage them;
b) provide ways for workers, worker representatives, where they exist, and other relevant interested
parties to suggest improvements, including anonymously to give feedback;
c) seek feedback from workers and worker representatives, where they exist, on actions taken to
manage health, safety and well-being (e.g. meetings collaboration tools, online surveys, emails);
d) address concerns raised by workers and other relevant interested parties (including health
professionals and other experts) and provide feedback on action taken.
6.3 Roles, responsibilities and competence
While top management has ultimate accountability, top management should consider assigning specific
workers (or a single worker in a small organization) the role of implementing, maintaining, activating
or increasing health and safety controls associated with infectious diseases, assessing effectiveness,
and reporting issues.
The organization can also consider establishing an advisory group, including a top management
representative, to determine a plan for preventing and/or managing infectious diseases that can
significantly affect the organization and its activities. The advisory group can include, for example,
infectious disease experts, health and safety committee members, crisis management experts, business
continuity experts and workers or workers’ representatives where they exist.
The organization should ensure that workers are competent to perform any roles or activities relating to
infectious diseases that they are assigned. If workers are allocated new roles or tasks, the organization
should provide adequate training and support to ensure workers are competent to perform those roles.
7 Communication
7.1 General
The organization should communicate with workers and other relevant interested parties on controls
for preventing exposure to and transmission of infectious agents and managing the risks related to
an infectious disease. When an infectious disease is known to be of concern, the organization should
provide information and guidance on:
a) the characteristics of a relevant infectious disease of current concern, including potential severity,
symptoms and how it is transmitted (see Clause 5);
b) changes relating to entering or moving around a workplace;
c) changes to work times, locations, activities and work tasks;
d) changes in processes, policies, equipment and facilities that have been made or are likely to be
made;
e) changes in the availability of, or access to, facilities or functions [e.g. use of rest areas, shared
equipment, human resources (HR), information technology (IT) support].
The organization should establish who is responsible for communicating health and safety information
and guidance:
— externally, for example to suppliers, visitors, customers, workers from other organizations and
other interested parties;
— internally, to all types of workers, including new, temporary, remote and shift workers.
Communication with workers and other relevant interested parties should be two-way and encourage
ongoing conversation as well as more formal participation (see 6.2).
The organization should consider when communications about workplace changes in relation to an
incident or outbreak of infectious disease should occur. These can include:
— before first arrival at the workplace (e.g. by phone, website, intranet, email);
— on first and subsequent arrivals at the workplace (e.g. signs, posters, screens, announcements);
— when work is being performed (e.g. signs, posters, screens, announcements);
— when infectious disease control measures are no longer necessary or can be relaxed.
7.2 Methods of communication
The organization should:
a) use a combination of formal and informal communication methods (e.g. intranet, website, email,
social media, signs, images, symbols, phone calls, text messages, audio announcements, video)
so messages are accessible and can be understood by all relevant interested parties, including
customers, clients and the public, taking into account the needs of people with disabilities, non-
native speakers and people with differing levels of literacy;
b) ensure standardized symbols are used in visual communications, including signs, wherever
possible, to avoid misinterpretation;
c) communicate relevant information about operational changes, health and safety measures, and
controls to workers and other relevant interested parties, including the public (see 12.6);
d) review communications frequently to ensure they are updated, clear and effective, and take action
if issues
...


NORMA ISO
INTERNACIONAL 45006
Traducción oficial
Primera edición
2023-12
Official translation
Traduction officielle
Gestión de la seguridad y salud en
el trabajo — Directrices para las
organizaciones sobre prevención,
control y gestión de enfermedades
infecciosas
Occupational health and safety management — Guidelines for
organizations on preventing, controlling and managing infectious
diseases
Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes
directrices sur la prévention, le contrôle et la prise en charge des
maladies infectieuses destinées aux organismes
Publicado por la Secretaría Central de ISO en Ginebra, Suiza,
como traducción oficial en español avalada por el Translation
Management Group, que ha certificado la conformidad en relación
con las versiones inglesa y francesa.
Número de referencia
DOCUMENTO PROTEGIDO POR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2023
Reservados los derechos de reproducción. Salvo prescripción diferente, no podrá reproducirse ni utilizarse ninguna parte de
esta publicación bajo ninguna forma y por ningún medio, electrónico o mecánico, incluidos el fotocopiado, o la publicación en
Internet o una Intranet, sin la autorización previa por escrito. La autorización puede solicitarse a ISO en la siguiente dirección o al
organismo miembro de ISO en el país solicitante.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Publicado en Suiza
Version espanola publicada en 2024
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
ii
Índice Página
Prólogo .v
Prólogo de la versión en español. vi
Introducción .vii
1 Objeto y campo de aplicación . 1
2 Referencias normativas . 1
3 Términos y definiciones .1
4 Contexto de la organización . 4
4.1 Generalidades . 4
4.2 Cuestiones externas . 4
4.3 Cuestiones internas . 5
4.3.1 Generalidades . 5
4.3.2 Diversidad de trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes . 6
5 Características de las enfermedades infecciosas . 6
6 Liderazgo y participación de los trabajadores . 7
6.1 Liderazgo . 7
6.2 Consulta y participación de los trabajadores . 8
6.3 Roles, responsabilidades y competencia . 9
7 Comunicación . 9
7.1 Generalidades . 9
7.2 Métodos de comunicación . 10
7.3 Comunicar e informar a partes interesadas externas. 10
8 Peligros, riesgos y controles .10
8.1 Identificación de peligros . 10
8.2 Evaluación de riesgos . 11
8.3 Determinación de los controles .12
8.3.1 Selección de controles.12
8.3.2 Jerarquía de controles . 13
8.3.3 Consideraciones adicionales para los controles .13
8.4 Planificación de cambios en los controles . 13
9 Salud psicológica y bienestar .14
9.1 Peligros y riesgos psicosociales . 14
9.2 Controles para gestionar los riesgos psicosociales . 15
10 Recursos .15
11 Implementación de controles para enfermedades infecciosas .16
11.1 Generalidades . 16
11.2 Higiene personal . 16
11.3 Viajes relacionados con el trabajo . 17
12 Implementación de controles para las enfermedades contagiosas .18
12.1 Generalidades . 18
12.2 Lugares de trabajo bajo el control de la organización . 18
12.2.1 Controles generales de infecciones en el lugar de trabajo . 18
12.2.2 Uso de áreas comunes . 20
12.2.3 Reuniones y visitas a los lugares de trabajo . 21
12.2.4 Repartos . 21
12.3 Trabajar desde el hogar. 22
12.4 Trabajar en el hogar de otras personas . 22
12.5 Trabajar en múltiples ubicaciones . 23
12.6 Trabajar con el público . 24
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
iii
13 Implementación de controles de enfermedades infecciosas no contagiosas .24
14 Implementación de controles de enfermedades endémicas .25
15 Uso de equipo de protección personal y de protectores faciales .26
15.1 Generalidades .26
15.2 Selección de la protección adecuada . 26
15.2.1 Generalidades .26
15.2.2 Guantes protectores . 27
15.2.3 Protección facial y respiratoria . 27
16 Preparación y respuesta ante emergencias .28
17 Gestión de casos sospechosos o confirmados de una enfermedad infecciosa
relevante .29
17.1 Generalidades .29
17.2 Gestión de enfermedades en el lugar de trabajo .30
17.2.1 Generalidades .30
17.2.2 Ocurrencia de enfermedades contagiosas.30
17.3 Tamizaje, pruebas, rastreo de contactos, cuarentena y vacunación . 31
18 Evaluación del desempeño .31
18.1 Generalidades . 31
18.2 Seguimiento y medición . 32
18.3 Análisis y evaluación .33
18.4 Revisión por la dirección .33
19 Mejora .33
Anexo A (informativo) Ejemplos de tablas de riesgo .35
Bibliografía.38
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
iv
Prólogo
ISO (Organización Internacional de Normalización) es una federación mundial de organismos
nacionales de normalización (organismos miembros de ISO). El trabajo de elaboración de las Normas
Internacionales se lleva a cabo normalmente a través de los comités técnicos de ISO. Cada organismo
miembro interesado en una materia para la cual se haya establecido un comité técnico, tiene el derecho
de estar representado en dicho comité. Las organizaciones internacionales, gubernamentales y no
gubernamentales, vinculadas con ISO, también participan en el trabajo. ISO colabora estrechamente
con la Comisión Electrotécnica Internacional (IEC) en todos los temas de normalización electrotécnica.
En la Parte 1 de las Directivas ISO/IEC se describen los procedimientos utilizados para desarrollar este
documento y aquellos previstos para su mantenimiento posterior. En particular debería tomarse nota
de los diferentes criterios de aprobación necesarios para los distintos tipos de documentos ISO. Este
documento ha sido redactado de acuerdo con las reglas editoriales de la Parte 2 de las Directivas ISO/
IEC (véase www.iso.org/directives).
ISO llama la atención sobre la posibilidad de que la implementación de este documento pueda conllevar
el uso de una o varias patentes. ISO no se posiciona respecto a la evidencia, validez o aplicabilidad de los
derechos de patente reivindicados. A la fecha de publicación de este documento, ISO no había recibido
notificación de que una o varias patentes pudieran ser necesarias para su implementación. No obstante,
se advierte a los usuarios que esta puede no ser la información más reciente, la cual puede obtenerse
de la base de datos de patentes disponible en www.iso.org/patents. ISO no será responsable de la
identificación de parte o la totalidad de dichos derechos de patente.
Cualquier nombre comercial utilizado en este documento es información que se proporciona para
comodidad del usuario y no constituye una recomendación.
Para una explicación de la naturaleza voluntaria de las normas, el significado de los términos específicos
de ISO y las expresiones relacionadas con la evaluación de la conformidad, así como la información
acerca de la adhesión de ISO a los principios de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) respecto a
los Obstáculos Técnicos al Comercio (OTC), véase www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
Este documento ha sido elaborado por el Comité Técnico ISO/TC 283, Sistemas de gestión de la seguridad
y salud en el trabajo.
Cualquier comentario o pregunta sobre este documento deberían dirigirse al organismo nacional de
normalización del usuario. En www.iso.org/members.html se puede encontrar un listado completo de
estos organismos.
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
v
Prólogo de la versión en español
Este documento ha sido traducido por el Grupo de Trabajo Spanish Translation Task Force (STTF) del
Comité Técnico ISO/TC 283, Sistemas de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo, en el que participan
representantes de los organismos nacionales de normalización y otras partes interesadas, para lograr
la unificación de la terminología en lengua española en el ámbito de la gestión de la seguridad y salud en
el trabajo.
Este documento ha sido validado por el ISO/TMBG/Spanish Translation Management Group (STMG)
conformado por los siguientes países: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador,
El Salvador, España, Guatemala, Honduras, República Dominicana, México, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú y
Uruguay.
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
vi
Introducción
Las enfermedades infecciosas son cada vez más reconocidas como desafíos importantes para la salud,
la seguridad y el bienestar. Las decisiones y actividades relacionadas con la prevención y gestión de
enfermedades infecciosas afectan a los trabajadores dentro de la organización y a otras personas que
visitan un lugar de trabajo, entran en contacto con los trabajadores o pueden verse afectadas por las
actividades de la organización. Este documento es una respuesta a los riesgos que las enfermedades
infecciosas presentan para los trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes (por ejemplo,
clientes, público, proveedores, trabajadores de otras organizaciones, familiares y otros contactos
personales).
Existe una amplia gama de enfermedades infecciosas con potenciales impactos en la salud, la seguridad y
el bienestar, que pueden variar desde muy leves hasta muy graves según la naturaleza de la enfermedad
infecciosa. Las características clave de las enfermedades infecciosas (véase el Capítulo 5) son un factor
importante en el riesgo que representan para los trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes.
Algunas enfermedades infecciosas no son contagiosas e infectan solo a la persona que contrae la
enfermedad y generalmente no se transmiten de humano a humano (por ejemplo, legionelosis o malaria),
mientras que otras son contagiosas y tienen el potencial de propagarse desde una única persona para
infectar a otros (por ejemplo, gripe, COVID-19, viruela, hepatitis, salmonelosis, tuberculosis, ébola y
VIH/sida), incluso hasta una propagación pandémica de la enfermedad.
El impacto en términos de gravedad de las enfermedades infecciosas puede variar de persona a persona
dependiendo de los problemas de salud subyacentes (por ejemplo, asma, diabetes, obesidad, fortaleza
del sistema inmunológico) y factores como la edad, el sexo y la situación socioeconómica. Los impactos
pueden ser más graves cuando existen una o más de esas circunstancias.
Este documento proporciona directrices para prevenir o reducir la exposición y la transmisión de
agentes infecciosos y para gestionar los riesgos de enfermedades infecciosas para los trabajadores
y otras partes interesadas pertinentes. Respalda el principio de que no se debería requerir a los
trabajadores que trabajen en entornos sin la implementación de una apropiada prevención y de
controles.
Las orientaciones son genéricas y aplicables a las organizaciones independientemente de la naturaleza
del negocio, la provisión de servicios, el tamaño o la complejidad. Reconoce que muchas organizaciones
más pequeñas no tienen departamentos o funciones específicos, como seguridad y salud en el trabajo
(SST), gestión de instalaciones, recursos humanos o especialistas en enfermedades infecciosas.
Información más detallada para funciones específicas está disponible en organismos profesionales y en
una amplia gama de normas nacionales e internacionales.
Las organizaciones que utilizan la Norma ISO 45001 pueden utilizar este documento para mejorar la
gestión de la SST relacionando los capítulos pertinentes con el ciclo Planificar-Hacer-Verificar-Actuar
(PHVA):
— Planificar: planificar lo que se debería hacer para que la organización funcione de manera segura.
— Hacer: hacer lo que la organización ha planeado hacer.
— Verificar: ver qué tan bien está funcionando.
— Actuar: tomar acciones para mejorar o cambiar los controles que no son eficaces.
Adoptar un enfoque de sistema facilita la coordinación de recursos y esfuerzos y posibilitará a las
organizaciones gestionar mejor el riesgo derivado de enfermedades infecciosas, asegurando que están
incluidas en los procesos de la SST existentes.
Este documento no pretende ser un único conjunto de recomendaciones paso a paso. Proporciona
directrices para posibilitar la mejora continua y asegurar que la organización responda a incidentes de
enfermedades infecciosas, incluidas epidemias y pandemias.
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
vii
Este documento está diseñado para complementar la Norma ISO 45001 proporcionando directrices
que se alinean con los requisitos de la Norma ISO 45001. Este documento puede ser utilizado de forma
independiente, por cualquier organización, para mejorar el desempeño de la SST.
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
viii
NORMA INTERNACIONAL ISO 45006:2023 (traducción oficial)
Gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo — Directrices
para las organizaciones sobre prevención, control y gestión
de enfermedades infecciosas
1 Objeto y campo de aplicación
Este documento proporciona directrices para las organizaciones sobre cómo prevenir o controlar
la exposición a agentes infecciosos en el lugar de trabajo y gestionar los riesgos asociados con
enfermedades infecciosas que:
— presentan un riesgo de deterioro grave de la salud o muerte y puede afectar a la salud, la seguridad
y el bienestar de los trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes;
— presentan un menor riesgo para la salud, pero tienen un impacto significativo en la organización,
sus trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes.
Este documento es aplicable a organizaciones de todos los tamaños y sectores.
NOTA Este documento no proporciona una orientación integral para aquellas partes de una organización
que implementan controles obligatorios de infecciones, como hospitales y laboratorios médicos o biológicos,
porque existe un potencial inherente de exposición a enfermedades infecciosas. La legislación y orientación
aplicables son proporcionadas por el gobierno, las autoridades reglamentarias y las autoridades sanitarias para
controles de infecciones específicos para la protección de los trabajadores en dichos entornos y para actividades
de trabajo sobre o con microorganismos patógenos.
2 Referencias normativas
Los siguientes documentos se referencian en el texto de tal forma que parte o la totalidad de su
contenido constituyen requisitos de este documento. Para las referencias con fecha, sólo aplica la
edición citada. Para las referencias sin fecha se aplica la última edición del documento de referencia
(incluyendo cualquier modificación).
ISO 45001:2018, Sistemas de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo — Requisitos con orientación
para su uso
3 Términos y definiciones
Para los fines de este documento, se aplican los términos y definiciones incluidos en la Norma ISO 45001
además de los siguientes,
ISO e IEC mantienen bases de datos terminológicas para su utilización en normalización en las siguientes
direcciones:
— Plataforma de búsqueda en línea de ISO: disponible en https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— Electropedia de IEC: disponible en https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
lugar de trabajo
lugar donde una persona necesita estar o ir por razones de trabajo
Nota 1 a la entrada: Las responsabilidades de la organización para el lugar de trabajo dependen del grado de
control sobre el lugar de trabajo.
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
Nota 2 a la entrada: Los lugares de trabajo pueden ser interiores o exteriores e incluyen el propio hogar del
trabajador, el hogar de otras personas, vehículos personales, vehículos proporcionados por la organización,
instalaciones de otras organizaciones y espacios públicos.
[FUENTE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.6, modificada — "bajo el control de la organización" se eliminó de la
definición, "bajo el sistema de gestión de la SST" se eliminó de la Nota 1 a la entrada y se agregó la
Nota 2 a la entrada.]
3.2
requisitos legales y otros requisitos
requisitos legales que una organización tiene que cumplir y otros requisitos que una organización tiene
que cumplir o que elige cumplir
[FUENTE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.9, modificada — se eliminaron las Notas 1, 2 y 3 a la entrada.]
3.3
alta dirección
persona o grupo de personas que dirige y controla una organización al más alto nivel
[FUENTE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.12, modificada — se eliminaron las Notas 1, 2 y 3 a la entrada.]
3.4
incidente
suceso que surge del trabajo o en el transcurso del trabajo que podría tener o tiene como resultado
lesiones y deterioro de la salud
Nota 1 a la entrada: En este documento, "lesiones y deterioro de la salud" se refiere a contraer una enfermedad
infecciosa (3.9) o cualquier condición física o psicológica adversa identificable que surja o esté asociada con una
enfermedad infecciosa.
[FUENTE: ISO 45001:2018, 3.35, modificada — se reemplazó la Nota 1 a la entrada y se eliminaron las
Notas 2 y 3 a la entrada.]
3.5
equipo de protección personal
EPP
dispositivo o equipo diseñado para ser llevado puesto por una persona para su protección contra uno o
más peligros para la seguridad y salud
Nota 1 a la entrada: El EPP incluye, entre otros, batas, guantes, respiradores, gafas de seguridad, cascos y
protección ocular.
Nota 2 a la entrada: Si bien generalmente no se consideran EPP, las mascarillas y otros protectores faciales (3.6)
pueden proporcionar un nivel de protección para el usuario además de su propósito principal como medida de
salud pública para controlar la propagación de la transmisión y la infección.
Nota 3 a la entrada: En muchos países, se requiere que el EPP cumpla con las regulaciones nacionales.
[FUENTE: ISO 15384:2018, 3.12, modificada — "o ser sostenido" se eliminó después de "ser llevado
puesto" y se agregó "su" antes de "protección" en la definición, y se agregaron las Notas 1, 2 y 3 a la
entrada.]
3.6
protector facial
pieza facial que cubre la boca, la nariz y la barbilla
EJEMPLO Las "mascarillas comunitarias", las "mascarillas higiénicas", las "mascarillas barrera" y las
"mascarillas de confort" son ejemplos de protectores faciales.
Nota 1 a la entrada: Los protectores faciales en el contexto de este documento no se consideran equipo de
protección personal (EPP) (3.5) o un dispositivo médico.
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
3.7
bienestar
satisfacción de las necesidades y expectativas físicas, mentales, y cognitivas de un trabajador
relacionadas con su trabajo
Nota 1 a la entrada: El bienestar también puede contribuir a la calidad de vida fuera del trabajo.
Nota 2 a la entrada: El bienestar se relaciona con todos los aspectos de la vida laboral, incluida la organización del
trabajo, los factores sociales en el trabajo, el entorno de trabajo, los equipos y las tareas peligrosas.
[FUENTE: ISO 45003:2021, 3.2, modificada — En el término, se eliminó "en el trabajo" después de
"bienestar", y se agregaron las Notas 1 y 2 a la entrada.]
3.8
área común
espacio y servicio proporcionados para el uso de más de una persona
EJEMPLO Comedores, ascensores/elevadores, escaleras, áreas de recepción, salas de reuniones, áreas de
culto, aseos, jardines, salidas de emergencia, cocinas, gimnasios, almacenes, lavanderías.
Nota 1 a la entrada: Las áreas comunes pueden incluir espacios y servicios utilizados por más de una organización.
Nota 2 a la entrada: Las áreas comunes pueden incluir espacios y servicios donde las personas trabajan.
[FUENTE: ISO/PAS 45005:2020, 3.11, modificada — el término "áreas comunes" se cambió a "área
común", en la definición se cambió "espacios y servicios" a "espacio y servicio", y se agregaron las
Notas 1 y 2 a la entrada.]
3.9
enfermedad infecciosa
problema causado por agentes como bacterias, virus, priones, parásitos u hongos que pueden
propagarse, directa o indirectamente, y que pueden provocar deterioro de la salud
Nota 1 a la entrada: En este documento, "enfermedad infecciosa" se refiere a una enfermedad que:
— presenta un riesgo de deterioro grave de la salud o muerte y puede afectar a la seguridad, la salud y el bienestar
(3.7) de los trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes;
— presenta un menor riesgo de deterioro de salud, pero tiene un impacto significativo en la organización, sus
trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes.
3.10
enfermedad contagiosa
enfermedad infecciosa (3.9) que puede transmitirse de persona a persona
EJEMPLO Gripe, ébola, hepatitis.
3.11
brote
aumento de casos de una enfermedad infecciosa (3.9) que excede a lo que normalmente se espera en un
lugar, comunidad o región geográfica en particular en un periodo de tiempo específico
Nota 1 a la entrada: Un brote puede afectar a un grupo pequeño y localizado o a múltiples grupos y lugares y
puede resultar en una epidemia (3.12) o una pandemia (3.13).
Nota 2 a la entrada: Dos casos relacionados de una enfermedad infecciosa pueden ser suficientes para constituir
un brote.
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
3.12
epidemia
gran número de casos de una enfermedad infecciosa (3.9) en particular, que ocurren al mismo tiempo en
una comunidad o región geográfica
[FUENTE: ISO 28901:2011, 3.6, modificada — se agregó "infecciosa" después de "enfermedad", se
eliminó "normalmente infecciosa", se reemplazó "comunidad en particular" por "comunidad o región
geográfica" en la definición.]
3.13
pandemia
propagación mundial de una enfermedad infecciosa (3.9)
Nota 1 a la entrada: Una pandemia es declarada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS).
[FUENTE: ISO/PAS 45005:2020, 3.5, modificada — se agregó "infecciosa" después de "enfermedad" y se
agregó la Nota 1 a la entrada.]
3.14
enfermedad infecciosa endémica
enfermedad infecciosa (3.9) ya sea constantemente presente o habitualmente prevalente en una región
geográfica concreta
4 Contexto de la organización
4.1 Generalidades
La organización debería obtener y tomar conciencia sobre enfermedades infecciosas conocidas
y emergentes que pueden, o es probable que afecten significativamente, a la organización o sus
actividades.
La organización debería determinar las cuestiones externas e internas y considerar:
a) los peligros específicos y los riesgos relacionados con enfermedades infecciosas para los
trabajadores y otras partes interesadas que pueden verse afectados por las actividades de la
organización (por ejemplo, visitantes, clientes, usuarios de servicios, público) (véanse 8.1, 8.2 y
8.3);
b) si se debieran realizar cambios en sus operaciones para abordar los riesgos (véase 8.4);
c) cómo los trabajadores pueden ser apoyados para trabajar de manera segura (véanse los Capítulos 11
a 17).
NOTA 1 Las enfermedades infecciosas pueden variar en ocurrencia, impacto y gravedad según el país o la
región.
NOTA 2 Los controles apropiados pueden variar según el país o la región.
4.2 Cuestiones externas
Al determinar cuestiones externas, la organización debería considerar:
a) aparición y/o prevalencia de enfermedades infecciosas dentro de la comunidad local (incluso en
otras organizaciones y otros lugares de trabajo);
b) circunstancias locales, regionales, nacionales e internacionales y los requisitos legales y otros
requisitos relacionados, y orientación (por ejemplo, probabilidad de que las enfermedades
infecciosas sean transmitidas a través de personas, productos o servicios que se mueven de un
lugar a otro);
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
c) disponibilidad de los servicios clínicos, las pruebas, los tratamientos y las vacunas;
d) disponibilidad de suministros de seguridad, salud y otros (por ejemplo, EPP, protectores faciales,
higienizantes de manos, termómetros, materiales de limpieza y desinfección);
e) posibles cambios o problemas en la cadena de suministro;
f) los modos de transporte que utilizan los trabajadores para ir y volver del trabajo (por ejemplo,
transporte público, automóvil, bicicleta, caminar, transporte compartido);
g) trabajadores que viajan a regiones con una enfermedad infecciosa endémica o con un brote de una
enfermedad infecciosa;
h) el acceso de los trabajadores a servicios de guardería y educación para sus niños;
i) idoneidad del hogar del trabajador para el trabajo a distancia;
j) situaciones domésticas de los trabajadores (por ejemplo, vivir con alguien que tiene un mayor
riesgo de contraer una enfermedad infecciosa o desarrollar enfermedades graves a causa de
enfermedades infecciosas);
k) la continuidad de los servicios esenciales (por ejemplo, provisión de alimentos, infraestructura
doméstica, servicios públicos);
l) cambios en las necesidades y expectativas, o en el comportamiento de las partes interesadas
pertinentes;
m) la cultura local y los comportamientos culturales (por ejemplo, besarse, abrazarse, estrechar la
mano);
n) aumento o disminución de la demanda de los productos/servicios de la organización.
4.3 Cuestiones internas
4.3.1 Generalidades
Al determinar las cuestiones internas, la organización debería considerar:
a) prevalencia o probabilidad de una enfermedad infecciosa en la organización;
b) fuentes de agentes infecciosos en el lugar de trabajo que pueden provocar una enfermedad
infecciosa;
c) capacidad de la organización para adquirir conocimientos actualizados sobre enfermedades
infecciosas;
d) el tipo de organización y actividades relacionadas (por ejemplo, producción primaria, procesamiento,
fabricación, servicios, venta minorista, asistencia social, formación u otra educación, reparto o
distribución);
e) número, ubicación y tipos de lugares de trabajo potencialmente afectados (por ejemplo, oficinas,
fábricas, talleres, almacenes, plantas de tratamiento de agua, vehículos, puntos de venta minorista,
hogares propios de los trabajadores u hogares de otras personas);
f) como se organiza el trabajo (por ejemplo, cambios en las exigencias del trabajo, el ritmo de trabajo,
la presión del tiempo, el trabajo por turnos, los requisitos de desplazamiento) y cómo esto impacta
en la seguridad, la salud y el bienestar de los trabajadores;
g) disponibilidad de recursos (por ejemplo, operativos, de seguridad y salud, higiene);
h) valores culturales dentro de la organización que pueden afectar a los controles de riesgos;
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
i) la relación entre los trabajadores y la organización (por ejemplo, empleados, contratistas,
voluntarios, trabajador independiente, a tiempo parcial, trabajadores por turnos, trabajadores a
distancia);
j) necesidades específicas de los trabajadores que se considera de alto riesgo de contraer una
enfermedad infecciosa o desarrollar enfermedades graves a causa de enfermedades infecciosas
(por ejemplo, trabajadores con problemas de salud subyacentes);
k) necesidades específicas derivada de la diversidad de trabajadores (véase 4.3.2);
l) barreras lingüísticas y cuestiones de comunicación;
m) el grado en que es posible implementar controles de infección específicos en un lugar de trabajo o
en relación con actividades de trabajo o con maneras de trabajar;
n) el aumento de ausencias de los trabajadores (por ejemplo, debido a enfermedad, requisitos de
cuarentena o autoaislamiento, duelo).
4.3.2 Diversidad de trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes
La organización debería tener en cuenta toda la diversidad de sus trabajadores y otras partes
interesadas pertinentes al determinar cuestiones internas (véase 4.3.1) en relación con la prevención
y la gestión de enfermedades infecciosas. La organización debería considerar que cada trabajador y
otras partes interesadas pertinentes tienen necesidades diferentes, basadas en sus características y
circunstancias personales, tales como:
a) necesidades específicas de género;
b) embarazo o parto reciente;
c) aquellos que cuidan o viven con personas vulnerables (por ejemplo, bebés, miembros de la familia
inmunocomprometidos);
d) edad, teniendo en cuenta tanto a los trabajadores mayores como a los más jóvenes;
e) discapacidades;
f) etnia, cultura y fe;
g) aquellos con problemas de salud subyacentes (por ejemplo, inmunocomprometidos, asmáticos).
NOTA 1 Las discapacidades pueden afectar a la idoneidad de los controles de enfermedades infecciosas,
incluida la accesibilidad a edificios, instalaciones, equipos o servicios. Las discapacidades incluyen limitaciones
físicas y mentales. Las personas con discapacidad pueden incluir usuarios de sillas de ruedas, personas con
limitación motriz, auditiva o visual, o con un problema o enfermedad que tenga un impacto en su capacidad
mental.
NOTA 2 Muchas personas tienen discapacidades o vulnerabilidades a enfermedades infecciosas, o necesidades
específicas que no son evidentes de inmediato (por ejemplo, personas con diabetes, problemas respiratorios,
problemas cardíacos, limitación auditiva).
5 Características de las enfermedades infecciosas
Como parte de la evaluación de riesgos, la organización debería tener en cuenta las características de las
enfermedades infecciosas que probablemente impacten a los trabajadores y otras partes interesadas,
de modo que se puedan determinar los controles adecuados (véase el Capítulo 8). Las características de
una enfermedad infecciosa incluyen:
a) virulencia del agente infeccioso que causa la enfermedad;
b) probabilidad de transmisión;
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
c) periodo de incubación;
d) periodo de tiempo durante el cual las personas pueden transmitir una enfermedad contagiosa;
e) extensión de tiempo que un agente infeccioso permanece infeccioso en objetos o materiales
contaminados;
f) síntomas relacionados con la enfermedad infecciosa;
g) gravedad potencial de las enfermedades (véase la Tabla A.1);
h) fuentes y modos de transmisión, incluidos:
1) un agente infeccioso transportado por otra persona que se transmite a través del contacto
piel a piel, desechos biológicos o intercambio de fluidos corporales (por ejemplo, riesgos del
cuidado personal, interacción sexual);
2) animales o insectos que están infectados o son portadores de un agente infeccioso (por ejemplo,
a través del tacto, picaduras o mordeduras);
3) fuentes ambientales contaminadas (por ejemplo, a través del agua o el aire);
4) inhalación (por ejemplo, esporas de moho, inhalación de fluidos corporales al toser);
5) ingestión (por ejemplo, al comer alimentos contaminados);
6) punción de la piel (por ejemplo, inyecciones, heridas);
7) contacto con una superficie u objeto contaminado (por ejemplo, agujas usadas, manijas de
puertas).
La organización debería buscar asesoramiento de:
— organismos de confianza (por ejemplo, autoridades de salud pública, centros de control de
enfermedades, la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la Organización Internacional del Trabajo);
— especialistas (por ejemplo, epidemiólogos, médicos especializados en enfermedades infecciosas,
higienistas y especialistas en salud en el trabajo, profesionales de la salud pública y otros expertos
en enfermedades infecciosas).
La organización debería ser consciente de que la información sobre enfermedades emergentes cambia
con el tiempo.
NOTA Algunas personas infectadas no presentan síntomas, pero pueden transmitir la enfermedad.
6 Liderazgo y participación de los trabajadores
6.1 Liderazgo
La alta dirección y los gerentes de todos los niveles deberían demostrar liderazgo para gestionar
eficazmente los riesgos para los trabajadores y otras partes interesadas pertinentes derivados de
enfermedades infecciosas que existen, o que pueden existir, en el lugar de trabajo.
La alta dirección debería comunicar a los trabajadores y otras partes interesadas:
— cómo deberían ser notificadas las preocupaciones o la incidencia de las enfermedades infecciosas;
— el compromiso de la organización con la transparencia en la gestión de enfermedades infecciosas;
— acciones a tomar si una persona ha contraído o sospecha que ha contraído una enfermedad infecciosa;
Traducción oficial/Official translation/Traduction officielle
— acciones que la organización tomará para apoyar a los trabajadores y otras partes interesadas
pertinentes cuando haya un brote de una enfermedad infecciosa o un incidente de enfermedad
infecciosa;
— apoyo a los trabajadores para que se retiren de situaciones del trabajo que se cree que presentan un
riesgo inminente o grave para la vida o la salud.
Cuando se conoce que una enfermedad infecciosa es, o puede ser, un problema, la alta dirección debería:
a) proporcionar recursos adecuados (véase el Capítulo 10) y ponerlos a disposición de manera
oportuna y eficaz;
b) consultar y fomentar la participación de los trabajadores y de los representantes de los trabajadores,
cuando existan, en la toma de decisiones que afectan a la seguridad, la salud y el bienestar
relacionados con el trabajo (véase 6.2);
c) proporcionar apoyo adecuado a los trabajadores que no pueden trabajar, incluida la provisión de
una baja adecuada del trabajo, remunerada si es posible (pa
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

Loading comments...

Frequently Asked Questions

ISO 45006:2023 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Occupational health and safety management - Guidelines for organizations on preventing, controlling and managing infectious diseases". This standard covers: This document gives guidelines for organizations on how to prevent or control exposure to infectious agents at the workplace and manage the risks associated with infectious diseases that: - present a risk of severe ill health or death and can impact the health, safety and well-being of workers and other relevant interested parties; - present a lower risk to health yet have a significant impact on the organization, its workers and other relevant interested parties. This document is applicable to organizations of all sizes and sectors. NOTE This document does not provide comprehensive guidance to those parts of an organization that implement mandated infection controls such as hospitals and medical or biological laboratories because there is an inherent potential for exposure to infectious diseases. Applicable legislation and guidance are provided by government, regulators and health authorities for specific infection controls for the protection of workers in such settings and for work activities on or with pathogenic microorganisms.

This document gives guidelines for organizations on how to prevent or control exposure to infectious agents at the workplace and manage the risks associated with infectious diseases that: - present a risk of severe ill health or death and can impact the health, safety and well-being of workers and other relevant interested parties; - present a lower risk to health yet have a significant impact on the organization, its workers and other relevant interested parties. This document is applicable to organizations of all sizes and sectors. NOTE This document does not provide comprehensive guidance to those parts of an organization that implement mandated infection controls such as hospitals and medical or biological laboratories because there is an inherent potential for exposure to infectious diseases. Applicable legislation and guidance are provided by government, regulators and health authorities for specific infection controls for the protection of workers in such settings and for work activities on or with pathogenic microorganisms.

ISO 45006:2023 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.100 - Occupational safety. Industrial hygiene. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ISO 45006:2023 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 6145-7:2018. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

You can purchase ISO 45006:2023 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.

ISO 45006:2023은 직장에서 전염성 질병에 대한 노출을 예방, 통제 및 관리하기 위한 조직에 대한 지침을 제공합니다. 이 표준의 범위는 전염성 병원체에 대한 노출을 예방하거나 통제하기 위한 방법론을 제공하며, 심각한 건강 위험이나 사망을 초래할 수 있는 질병 또한 포함됩니다. 그러므로 이를 준수하는 것은 근로자와 기타 이해관계자의 건강, 안전 및 복지를 보장하는 데 매우 중요합니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 모든 규모와 산업에 적용 가능하다는 점입니다. 따라서 다양한 조직이 ISO 45006의 지침을 활용하여 효과적으로 전염병 관리 계획을 수립하고, 내재된 위험을 평가할 수 있는 유연성을 제공합니다. 또한 직장에서 전염병을 관리하기 위한 체계적인 접근 방식을 권장함으로써, 근로자와 조직 모두에게 실질적인 이점을 활용할 수 있습니다. ISO 45006:2023은 조직이 직면할 수 있는 다양한 전염성 질병의 수준에 따라 리스크를 분석하고 적절한 조치를 취할 수 있게 돕습니다. 이러한 접근은 단순히 건강을 보호하는 것을 넘어, 조직의 운영 지속성을 유지하는 데 기여할 수 있습니다. 다만, 병원이나 의료, 생물학적 실험실과 같은 특정 부문에 대한 포괄적인 지침을 제공하지 않으며, 해당 분야에서는 정부와 보건 당국의 규정에 따라 각각의 감염 관리 절차를 준수하는 것이 권장됩니다. 결론적으로, ISO 45006:2023은 전염성 질병 관리에 대한 필수적인 지침을 제공하여 근로자의 건강과 안전을 보호할 수 있는 개발된 표준으로, 이를 따르는 모든 조직의 비즈니스 연속성에도 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것입니다.

The ISO 45006:2023 standard provides comprehensive guidelines focused on occupational health and safety management, specifically addressing the prevention, control, and management of infectious diseases within various workplace settings. Its scope is particularly relevant in the current landscape, where organizations face heightened risks from infectious agents that can lead to severe health issues or even mortality among workers and other stakeholders. One of the key strengths of ISO 45006:2023 is its inclusivity, as it caters to organizations of all sizes and sectors, acknowledging the diverse challenges faced in different environments. This flexibility ensures that the guidelines are applicable and adaptable, thus promoting a safer workplace regardless of the industry or operational scale. Furthermore, the standard emphasizes a balanced approach to risk management, recognizing both high-risk infectious diseases and those with lower health risks that nonetheless carry significant implications for organizational health and employee well-being. Another significant aspect of the standard is its focus on practical implementation, providing actionable strategies for organizations to adopt. This practical guidance is crucial for effectively mitigating risks associated with infectious diseases, thereby enhancing the overall health and safety culture within the workplace. It empowers organizations to proactively manage health threats and instills a sense of responsibility toward the well-being of employees and other relevant interested parties. However, it is essential to note that ISO 45006:2023 does not encompass specific guidance for sectors such as hospitals and laboratories where mandated infection controls are already established. This limitation is crucial, as it directs organizations in such fields to adhere to existing legal frameworks and health authority guidelines that are specifically tailored to address the unique risks of infectious disease exposure in those environments. In summary, the relevance of ISO 45006:2023 cannot be overstated, as it addresses the pressing need for effective occupational health and safety management in the context of infectious diseases. By equipping organizations with the necessary tools to prevent and manage these risks, the standard ultimately contributes to a safer and healthier work environment.

ISO 45006:2023 provides essential guidelines for organizations to effectively prevent, control, and manage infectious diseases within the workplace. The standard is particularly significant given the growing concerns around occupational health and safety, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and other infectious disease outbreaks. The scope of ISO 45006:2023 is commendable as it addresses the risks associated with infectious agents that could lead to severe health repercussions, such as illness or even death, thereby prioritizing the health and safety of workers, as well as other interested parties. Additionally, it recognizes the importance of managing lower-risk infectious diseases that still hold the potential to disrupt organizational operations and employee well-being. This comprehensive approach not only helps mitigate immediate risks but also fosters a culture of health and safety in diverse working environments. One of the key strengths of this standard is its applicability across all organization sizes and sectors. This inclusivity ensures that regardless of the complexity or scale of operations, every organization can implement these guidelines to enhance their occupational health and safety management. Moreover, ISO 45006:2023 delineates its limitations by clarifying that it does not encompass mandated infection control protocols typical of healthcare settings, such as hospitals and laboratories. This specification helps organizations accurately align their efforts with relevant legislative requirements and guidance from health authorities, thus ensuring a thorough understanding of where additional regulations apply. The relevance of ISO 45006:2023 cannot be overstated in the current global climate where the risk of infectious diseases is more pronounced. By providing structured guidelines, the standard supports organizations in establishing robust health and safety management systems that safeguard their workforce and ensure operational continuity. Overall, ISO 45006:2023 is a vital resource for organizations aiming to strengthen their safety measures against infectious diseases, thereby contributing to a healthier and more secure working environment for all stakeholders involved.

The ISO 45006:2023 standard, titled "Occupational health and safety management - Guidelines for organizations on preventing, controlling and managing infectious diseases," provides a comprehensive framework for organizations to address the challenges posed by infectious diseases in the workplace. Its primary scope is to furnish guidelines that assist organizations in preventing and controlling exposure to infectious agents, ultimately managing the associated risks to worker health and safety. One notable strength of ISO 45006:2023 is its inclusivity; it is designed to be applicable to organizations of all sizes and across various sectors. This broad applicability ensures that businesses, regardless of their operational scale or industry, can leverage the guidelines to enhance their occupational health and safety management systems effectively. The standard emphasizes the importance of protecting not only the workers but also other relevant interested parties, thereby reinforcing a holistic approach to health and well-being within the organizational context. Furthermore, the standard effectively highlights the significance of distinguishing between infectious agents that pose severe health risks and those presenting lower risks yet still impact the organization. This nuanced approach allows organizations to prioritize their resources and strategies based on the levels of risk, ensuring that efforts are focused where they are most needed. It is important to note, however, that ISO 45006:2023 does not extend to organizations that implement mandated infection controls, such as hospitals and laboratories, where there are pre-existing specific regulations governed by health authorities. This clarity in scope helps organizations understand the boundaries of the standard and directs them to appropriate resources for specialized infection control measures in high-risk environments. In conclusion, ISO 45006:2023 stands out as a vital resource for organizations aiming to fortify their occupational health and safety management frameworks against infectious diseases. Its practical guidelines, accessibility across different sectors, and risk-based approach solidify its relevance in a world increasingly concerned with health threats in the workplace.

La norme ISO 45006:2023 fournit des lignes directrices essentielles pour aider les organisations à prévenir, contrôler et gérer les maladies infectieuses sur le lieu de travail. Sa portée est clairement établie, ciblant à la fois les risques graves pour la santé pouvant entraîner des conséquences fatales et les risques à faible impact qui, bien que moins critiques, peuvent nuire à la santé et au bien-être des travailleurs ainsi qu'à d'autres parties intéressées. Parmi ses points forts, cette norme se distingue par son adaptabilité à des organisations de toutes tailles et de tous secteurs. Cela permet une large application, garantissant que les pratiques de gestion des risques liés aux agents infectieux peuvent être mises en œuvre de manière pertinente, quel que soit le contexte de l'entreprise. En fournissant des recommandations détaillées sur la prévention des expositions aux agents infectieux, la norme encourage un environnement de travail plus sécurisé et conscient. Un autre aspect notable de l'ISO 45006:2023 réside dans sa pertinence dans le cadre de la santé et de la sécurité au travail. En intégrant la gestion des risques liés aux maladies infectieuses dans les systèmes de management existants de santé et sécurité, elle favorise une approche proactive plutôt que réactive. Cette orientation proactive aide non seulement à protéger les travailleurs mais également à maintenir la continuité des activités de l'organisation, aspect critique dans le contexte actuel où les préoccupations de santé publique sont omniprésentes. Il est important de noter que cette norme ne couvre pas les secteurs tels que les hôpitaux ou les laboratoires médicaux, où des contrôles d'infection sont déjà réglementés et doivent suivre des lignes directrices spécifiques fournies par les autorités sanitaires. Cela garantit que les organisations concernées disposent de la législation adéquate pour traiter des situations à haut risque. En résumé, l'ISO 45006:2023 se révèle être un outil de grande valeur pour les organisations cherchant à améliorer leur gestion de la santé et de la sécurité au travail de manière efficace et conforme, en ciblant spécifiquement les maladies infectieuses et leurs impacts.

ISO 45006:2023は、職場における感染症の予防、管理、および制御に関する組織向けのガイドラインを提供する標準であり、その範囲は多岐にわたります。この文書は、感染因子への曝露を防止または制御する方法を示し、感染症に関連するリスクを管理するための指針を提供しています。特に、重篤な健康障害や死亡のリスクがある感染症や、比較的低い健康リスクを持ちながらも組織や労働者、関連する利害関係者に重要な影響を与える感染症に焦点を当てています。 この標準の強みは、様々な規模や業種の組織に適用できる点にあります。感染症のリスクを軽減するための具体的な実施策を提示し、労働者の健康と安全、福祉を保護するための包括的なアプローチを採用しています。そのため、ISO 45006:2023は、労働環境の安全性向上に貢献する重要なガイドラインとなっています。 ただし、この文書は、病院や医療、生命科学分野のラボなど、感染症対策が法的に義務付けられている特定の部分には包括的な指導を提供していないことに注意が必要です。これらの状況では、政府や規制機関、保健当局からの適用される法律やガイダンスに従うことが求められます。 総じて、ISO 45006:2023は、職場における感染症のリスクを効果的に管理し、従業員の健康と安全を確保するために非常に重要な標準であり、組織が直面するさまざまな感染症に対する適切な対策を講じるための基盤を提供します。

La norme ISO 45006:2023, intitulée "Gestion de la santé et de la sécurité au travail - Lignes directrices pour les organisations sur la prévention, le contrôle et la gestion des maladies infectieuses", offre une approche systématique pour la prise en charge des risques liés aux agents infectieux en milieu de travail. Son champ d'application est crucial, car il s'adresse à des organisations de toutes tailles et secteurs, fournissant des lignes directrices claires pour la prévention et le contrôle des expositions risquant de causer des problèmes de santé graves ou des décès, ainsi que des implications significatives pour la sécurité et le bien-être des travailleurs. Parmi les forces de cette norme, on note son adaptabilité aux divers contextes organisationnels, permettant ainsi une mise en œuvre des recommandations qui tient compte des spécificités de chaque environnement de travail. La norme référence également les risques de santé qui, bien que moins menaçants, peuvent avoir un impact non négligeable sur le fonctionnement et la réputation de l'organisation ainsi que sur la santé des travailleurs et d'autres parties intéressées. Il est pertinent de souligner que le document n'a pas pour but de remplacer les directives spécifiques déjà établies pour les établissements soumis à des contrôles d'infection obligatoires, tels que les hôpitaux et les laboratoires médicaux ou biologiques. Cet aspect démontre une compréhension éclairée de la complexité des enjeux de santé publique et de sécurité, reconnaissant que les responsabilités diffèrent selon les types d'organisations et les risques associés. La norme ISO 45006:2023 est d'une grande pertinence dans le contexte actuel, où la gestion des infections est devenue un enjeu de santé prioritaire. En fournissant des lignes directrices sur la manière de gérer efficacement les risques d'exposition aux maladies infectieuses, cette norme soutient non seulement la protection des travailleurs, mais également la continuité des opérations et la résilience des organisations face à des événements sanitaires mondiaux. Les meilleures pratiques préconisées dans le cadre de ce document permettent aux entreprises de construire un environnement de travail plus sûr, renforçant ainsi leur responsabilité sociale et leur engagement en matière de santé au travail.

ISO 45006:2023 표준은 직장에서 전염병에 노출되는 것을 예방하고 통제하는 방법에 대한 지침을 제공하는 중요한 문서입니다. 이 표준의 주요 범위는 감염성 질병과 관련된 위험을 관리하고, 심각한 건강 문제나 사망의 위험을 제시하는 감염원에 대한 노출을 예방하는 것입니다. 또한, ISO 45006:2023는 상대적으로 낮은 건강 위험을 갖고 있지만 조직과 근로자에게 Significant한 영향을 미칠 수 있는 전염병에도 가이드라인을 제공합니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 모든 규모와 분야의 조직에 적용 가능하다는 점입니다. 이는 다양한 산업 분야에서 종사하는 근로자들의 건강과 안전을 보장하는 데 있어 매우 중요한 요소입니다. 표준은 또한 근로자와 기타 관련 이해관계자들의 건강과 안전, 복지에 미치는 영향을 고려하여 포괄적인 접근 방식을 제공합니다. ISO 45006:2023는 특정 감염 관리에 대한 포괄적 지침을 제공하지 않지만, 병원이나 의료 및 생물학적 실험실과 같이 감염병에 노출될 가능성이 내재된 환경에서는 법적 규제와 지침이 별도로 제공된다는 점을 명확히 하고 있습니다. 이러한 점은 조직이 감염병 관리와 관련하여 법적 요구사항을 충족하고, 근로자 보호를 강화하는 데 도움을 줍니다. 결론적으로, ISO 45006:2023 표준은 조직이 직장에서 발생할 수 있는 감염병에 대한 예방, 통제 및 관리 방법을 체계적으로 이해하고 적용할 수 있도록 하는 중요한 지침을 제공합니다. 이는 근로자뿐만 아니라 모든 이해관계자의 건강과 안전을 보장하는 데 매우 유용합니다.

ISO 45006:2023は、職場における感染症の予防、管理、および制御に関する組織向けのガイドラインを提供する重要な文書です。この標準の範囲は、労働者やその他の関連する利害関係者の健康、安全、福祉に影響を与える感染性因子への曝露を防ぐ方法や、それに伴うリスクを管理する方法を明確に示しています。また、重篤な健康被害や死亡のリスクを伴う感染症だけでなく、健康へのリスクは低いものの、組織に大きな影響を及ぼす感染症も含まれており、幅広い対応が求められます。 この標準の強みは、さまざまな規模と業種の組織に適用可能である点です。これにより、企業は自社の特性に応じた柔軟な感染症管理戦略を構築できるようになります。また、感染症のリスクを効果的にコントロールするための具体的な手順や実施方法が明示されているため、組織の従業員と関連する利害関係者の安全を向上させるのに役立ちます。 さらに、ISO 45006:2023は、病院や医療、バイオ実験室など、感染制御が義務付けられた組織の特定のニーズには直接対応していませんが、一般的な業界における感染症リスク管理の重要性を理解させる内容となっています。特に、政府や規制当局、健康機関から提供される適用法令やガイダンスと連携することで、より効果的な感染症対策が進められます。 総じて、ISO 45006:2023は、職場における感染症管理のための強固な基盤を提供し、組織が求める健康と安全に対する取り組みを強化する上での不可欠なガイドラインと言えるでしょう。この標準を活用することで、企業は感染症のリスクを低減し、従業員の健康と安全が確保される環境を実現することができます。

ISO 45006:2023은 직장에서 전염병의 노출을 예방, 통제 및 관리하기 위한 조직에 대한 지침을 제공하는 문서로, 직장 내 감염성 질병에 대한 위험 관리를 중요한 주제로 다루고 있습니다. 이 표준은 모든 규모와 분야의 조직에 적용될 수 있으며, 심각한 건강 위험 또는 사망의 가능성이 있는 전염병과 건강에는 덜 위험하지만 조직과 근로자에게 상당한 영향을 미치는 질병에 대해 다룹니다. 이 표준의 강점은 직장 내 감염성 질병 예방을 위한 구체적이고 실용적인 지침을 제공해, 직원의 건강과 안전, 복지 향상에 기여할 수 있다는 것입니다. ISO 45006:2023은 전염병 관련 위험을 평가하고 관리하는 체계적인 접근 방식을 강조하여, 조직이 건강과 안전 관리 체계를 효과적으로 구축할 수 있도록 돕습니다. 또한, 이 표준은 특정 감염 통제가 요구되는 병원이나 의료 및 생물학적 실험실과 같은 조직의 일부에는 포괄적인 지침을 제공하지 않는다는 점도 주목할 필요가 있습니다. 이는 해당 분야에서의 법적 요구사항과 정부, 규제 기관 및 보건 당국이 제공하는 전문적인 감염 통제 지침을 따르는 것이 중요함을 강조합니다. ISO 45006:2023은 직장 내에서의 감염병 관리 및 예방 전반에 걸쳐 중요한 정보를 제공함으로써, 조직이 보다 안전한 작업 환경을 조성하는 데 필수적입니다. 따라서 이 표준은 현대 직장 환경에서 건강과 안전 관리의 중요성을 반영하고, 모든 조직이 감염성 질병에 효과적으로 대응할 수 있도록 지원하는 중요한 역할을 합니다.

ISO 45006:2023は、職場における感染症のリスクを防止、管理、制御するためのガイドラインを提供する文書です。この標準は、労働者やその他の関係者の健康、安全、福祉に重大な影響を及ぼす感染性病原体に対して、組織がどのように対処すべきかを明確に示しています。特に、深刻な健康被害や死亡のリスクがある感染症や、低リスクではあるものの組織に対して significativoな影響を及ぼす病気に関しての具体的な対策が求められます。 この標準の強みは、大小さまざまな組織に適用可能である点です。これにより、多様な業種や規模の組織が自身の状況に応じた感染症管理を実施しやすくなります。ISO 45006:2023は、組織がリスクを体系的に評価し、感染症による影響を軽減するための実用的なアプローチを提供しているため、地域社会の健康と安全を守るための重要なステップとなっています。 ただし、この標準は病院や医療、バイオロジーの実験室といった、感染対策が義務付けられている特定の分野に関しては包括的なガイダンスを提供していません。このような環境では、政府や規制機関、保健当局のガイダンスに従うことが必要です。しかし、一般企業や様々な組織にとっては、感染症のリスク管理に特化した指針を提供するこの標準の重要性は計り知れません。 ISO 45006:2023は、職場内での感染症管理の強化を通じて、働く人々の健康を守るための基盤を築くことに寄与しており、これからの組織運営において非常に関連性の高い文書です。

Die ISO 45006:2023 bietet einen umfassenden Leitfaden für Organisationen zur Verhütung, Kontrolle und Verwaltung von Infektionskrankheiten am Arbeitsplatz. Der Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm ist bemerkenswert, da sie auf alle Organisationen unabhängig von deren Größe und Branche anwendbar ist. Dies stellt sicher, dass ein breites Spektrum an Unternehmen von den Richtlinien profitieren kann, um das Risiko von Infektionskrankheiten zu minimieren und die Gesundheit sowie das Wohlbefinden der Mitarbeiter zu schützen. Die Stärken der ISO 45006:2023 liegen in ihrer praxisnahen Herangehensweise und der detaillierten Berücksichtigung von Risiken, die sowohl schwere Gesundheitsbedrohungen als auch weniger gravierende, jedoch erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Organisation selbst und ihre Mitarbeiter umfassen. Die Norm motiviert Organisationen dazu, spezifische Maßnahmen zur Risikominderung zu ergreifen und dabei gleichzeitig die Bedürfnisse und Interessen aller relevanten Parteien zu beachten. Die Relevanz dieser Norm wird besonders in der aktuellen globalen Gesundheitslage deutlich, wo der Umgang mit Infektionskrankheiten von größter Bedeutung ist. Die ISO 45006:2023 fördert nicht nur ein sicheres Arbeitsumfeld, sondern trägt auch zur Resilienz von Organisationen bei, indem sie klare Richtlinien bietet, die helfen, die Auswirkungen von Infektionskrankheiten proaktiv zu steuern. Es ist jedoch wichtig zu beachten, dass die ISO 45006:2023 keine umfassende Anleitung für Organisationen bietet, die spezifische, gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Infektionskontrollen durchführen, wie sie beispielsweise in Krankenhäusern oder medizinischen Laboren erforderlich sind. Für diese Einrichtungen bleiben die bestehenden gesetzlichen Vorgaben und Anweisungen von Regierungen und Gesundheitsbehörden von zentraler Bedeutung. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die ISO 45006:2023 eine essenzielle Ressource für die Prävention und Verwaltung von Infektionskrankheiten am Arbeitsplatz darstellt. Sie unterstützt Organisationen dabei, sicherzustellen, dass die Gesundheit und Sicherheit ihrer Mitarbeiter gewahrt bleibt, und bietet gleichzeitig den Rahmen, um im Angesicht von Gesundheitsrisiken proaktiv zu handeln.

Die Norm ISO 45006:2023 bietet wirkungsvolle Leitlinien für Organisationen zur Prävention, Kontrolle und Verwaltung von ansteckenden Krankheiten am Arbeitsplatz. Der Umfang dieser Norm ist besonders relevant, da sie sowohl für große als auch kleine Organisationen in allen Sektoren anwendbar ist und sich mit den Risiken befasst, die durch infektiöse Erreger entstehen können. Dies schließt sowohl Krankheiten ein, die ein erhebliches Risiko für die Gesundheit oder das Leben von Mitarbeitern und anderen betroffenen Parteien darstellen, als auch solche, die zwar ein geringeres Risiko aufweisen, aber dennoch erhebliche Auswirkungen auf das Wohl der Organisation und ihrer Mitarbeiter haben können. Ein herausragender Stärke dieser Norm ist ihre Fähigkeit, ein strukturiertes Vorgehen zur Risikobewertung und -management von Infektionskrankheiten zu fördern. Sie bietet wichtige Orientierung in Bezug auf die Identifikation von Risiken sowie auf effektive Strategien zur Minimierung dieser Risiken, die im Zuge der globalen Digitalisierung und Mobilität von Arbeitnehmern besonders relevant sind. Die Norm kommt in einer Zeit, in der die öffentliche Gesundheit weltweit im Fokus steht, besonders zur richtigen Zeit. Sie stellt sicher, dass die Organisationen proaktiv handeln können, um die Gesundheit und Sicherheit ihrer Mitarbeiter zu schützen. Dennoch sollte beachtet werden, dass die ISO 45006:2023 nicht als umfassende Anleitung für Gesundheitseinrichtungen wie Krankenhäuser und Labore konzipiert ist, die spezifische und vorgeschriebene Infektionskontrollen durchführen müssen. Für diese Bereiche existieren spezifische gesetzliche Vorgaben und Richtlinien, die von Gesundheitsbehörden bereitgestellt werden. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die ISO 45006:2023 eine wesentliche Norm ist, die Organisationen bei der Bekämpfung ansteckender Krankheiten am Arbeitsplatz unterstützt, indem sie Leitlinien für präventive Maßnahmen und das Management von Gesundheitsrisiken bereitstellt. Ihre umfassende Anwendbarkeit und relevante Inhalte machen sie zu einem unverzichtbaren Instrument im Arbeitsschutz und der Gesundheitsmanagementpraxis.