ISO 45004:2024
(Main)Occupational health and safety management — Guidelines on performance evaluation
Occupational health and safety management — Guidelines on performance evaluation
This document gives guidance regarding how organizations can establish monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation processes, including the development of relevant indicators for the assessment of occupational health and safety (OH&S) performance. It enables organizations to determine if intended results are being achieved, including continual improvement of OH&S performance. This document is applicable to all organizations regardless of type, industry sector, level of risk, size or location. It can be used independently or as part of OH&S management systems, including those based on ISO 45001:2018, or other standards or guidelines.
Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes directrices relative à l'évaluation des performances
Sistem vodenja varnosti in zdravja pri delu - Smernice za vrednotenje izvedbe
Ta dokument podaja smernice, kako lahko organizacije vzpostavijo postopke za spremljanje, merjenje, analiziranje in vrednotenje, vključno z razvijanjem ustreznih kazalcev za ocenjevanje izvajanja varnosti in zdravja pri delu. Organizacijam omogoča določanje, ali so predvideni rezultati doseženi, vključno s stalnim izboljševanjem izvedbe varnosti in zdravja pri delu.
Ta dokument se uporablja za vse organizacije, ne glede na vrsto, industrijski sektor, stopnjo tveganja, velikost ali lokacijo. Dokument je mogoče uporabiti samostojno ali kot del sistemov za upravljanje varnosti in zdravja pri delu, vključno s tistimi, ki temeljijo na standardu ISO 45001:2018 ali drugih standardih oziroma smernicah.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2024
Sistem vodenja varnosti in zdravja pri delu - Smernice za vrednotenje izvedbe
Occupational health and safety management - Guidelines on performance evaluation
Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes directrices relative à
l'évaluation des performances
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 45004:2024
ICS:
13.100 Varnost pri delu. Industrijska Occupational safety.
higiena Industrial hygiene
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
International
Standard
ISO 45004
First edition
Occupational health and safety
2024-03
management — Guidelines on
performance evaluation
Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes
directrices relative à l'évaluation des performances
Reference number
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Performance evaluation . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Why performance evaluation is important .2
5 Performance evaluation process . 2
5.1 General .2
5.2 Elements of a performance evaluation process .3
5.3 Performance evaluation sources of information and tools .3
5.3.1 General .3
5.3.2 Inspections .3
5.3.3 Pre-activity and post-activity reviews .4
5.3.4 Exposure assessments and occupational health surveillance .4
5.3.5 Health and safety meetings .5
5.3.6 Focus groups .5
5.3.7 Surveys .5
5.3.8 Interviews .5
5.3.9 Injury and ill health tracking .6
5.3.10 Incident investigations . . .6
5.3.11 Audits .7
5.3.12 Management review .7
6 Performance indicators. 7
6.1 General .7
6.2 Selection of performance indicators .7
6.3 Key characteristics of indicators .8
6.4 Life cycle of indicators .9
6.5 Types of indicators .10
6.5.1 General .10
6.5.2 Leading and lagging indicators .11
6.5.3 Quantitative and qualitative .11
6.5.4 Potential unintended consequences . 12
6.5.5 Value and limitations of benchmarking . 13
7 Integration of OH&S performance evaluation into business processes .13
8 Monitor, measure, analyse and evaluate . 14
8.1 General .14
8.2 Uncertainty . 15
8.3 Monitor and measure . 15
8.4 Analyse . 15
8.5 Evaluate .16
9 Communication .16
10 Act on results . 17
11 Review performance evaluation processes . 17
Annex A (informative) Performance evaluation examples . 19
Bibliography .30
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of
(a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of
(a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 283, Occupational health and safety
management.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
This document is intended to help organizations to effectively monitor, measure, analyse and evaluate
occupational health and safety (OH&S) performance.
OH&S performance evaluation includes the processes that the organization uses to assess the adequacy of
activities that are expected to achieve intended results. OH&S performance is normally evaluated by using
a combination of processes and sources of information such as incident investigations, inspections, audits,
qualitative and quantitative indicators, culture surveys and interviews.
This document gives guidance on performance evaluation processes, including:
— selection and use of performance processes including indicators;
— monitoring and measuring to obtain data;
— analysing the data to allow performance of evaluation;
— unintended consequences;
— limitations, such as under- and over-reporting,
...
International
Standard
ISO 45004
First edition
Occupational health and safety
2024-03
management — Guidelines on
performance evaluation
Management de la santé et de la sécurité au travail — Lignes
directrices relative à l'évaluation des performances
Reference number
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Performance evaluation . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Why performance evaluation is important .2
5 Performance evaluation process . 2
5.1 General .2
5.2 Elements of a performance evaluation process .3
5.3 Performance evaluation sources of information and tools .3
5.3.1 General .3
5.3.2 Inspections .3
5.3.3 Pre-activity and post-activity reviews .4
5.3.4 Exposure assessments and occupational health surveillance .4
5.3.5 Health and safety meetings .5
5.3.6 Focus groups .5
5.3.7 Surveys .5
5.3.8 Interviews .5
5.3.9 Injury and ill health tracking .6
5.3.10 Incident investigations . . .6
5.3.11 Audits .7
5.3.12 Management review .7
6 Performance indicators. 7
6.1 General .7
6.2 Selection of performance indicators .7
6.3 Key characteristics of indicators .8
6.4 Life cycle of indicators .9
6.5 Types of indicators .10
6.5.1 General .10
6.5.2 Leading and lagging indicators .11
6.5.3 Quantitative and qualitative .11
6.5.4 Potential unintended consequences . 12
6.5.5 Value and limitations of benchmarking . 13
7 Integration of OH&S performance evaluation into business processes .13
8 Monitor, measure, analyse and evaluate . 14
8.1 General .14
8.2 Uncertainty . 15
8.3 Monitor and measure . 15
8.4 Analyse . 15
8.5 Evaluate .16
9 Communication .16
10 Act on results . 17
11 Review performance evaluation processes . 17
Annex A (informative) Performance evaluation examples . 19
Bibliography .30
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of
(a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of
(a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 283, Occupational health and safety
management.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
This document is intended to help organizations to effectively monitor, measure, analyse and evaluate
occupational health and safety (OH&S) performance.
OH&S performance evaluation includes the processes that the organization uses to assess the adequacy of
activities that are expected to achieve intended results. OH&S performance is normally evaluated by using
a combination of processes and sources of information such as incident investigations, inspections, audits,
qualitative and quantitative indicators, culture surveys and interviews.
This document gives guidance on performance evaluation processes, including:
— selection and use of performance processes including indicators;
— monitoring and measuring to obtain data;
— analysing the data to allow performance of evaluation;
— unintended consequences;
— limitations, such as under- and over-reporting, and data distortion.
This document can be used by organizations of all types, regardless of whether they have implemented a
formal OH&S management system (see ISO 45001 and ISO 45002).
This document provides examples which demonstrate how to evaluate performance to drive continual
improvement and support the organization in achieving its intended results.
This document recommends a balanced approach based on selection of performance evaluation processes
and indicators, with emphasis on proactive (leading) OH&S performance indicators. It recognizes that over-
emphasis on past performance (lagging) indicators, such as incidence and frequency rates, can undermine
efforts to improve OH&S performance.
As every organization is unique, and intended results vary, there is not a standardized set of performance
evaluation processe
...
Norma internacional
ISO 45004
Primera edición
Gestión de la seguridad y salud en
2024-03
el trabajo — Directrices sobre la
evaluación del desempeño
Occupational health and safety management — Guidelines on
performance evaluation
Publicado por la Secretaría Central de ISO en Ginebra, Suiza,
como traducción oficial en español avalada por el Translation
Management Group, que ha certificado la conformidad en
relación con las versiones inglesa y francesa.
Número de referencia
DOCUMENTO PROTEGIDO POR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2024
Reservados los derechos de reproducción. Salvo prescripción diferente, no podrá reproducirse ni utilizarse ninguna parte de
esta publicación bajo ninguna forma y por ningún medio, electrónico o mecánico, incluidos el fotocopiado, o la publicación en
Internet o una Intranet, sin la autorización previa por escrito. La autorización puede solicitarse a ISO en la siguiente dirección o al
organismo miembro de ISO en el país solicitante.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Publicado en Suiza
Versión en español publicada en 2024
Traducción oficial
ii
Índice Página
Prólogo .iv
Prólogo de la versión en español.v
Introducción .vi
1 Objeto y campo de aplicación . 1
2 Referencias normativas . 1
3 Términos y definiciones . 1
4 Evaluación del desempeño . 2
4.1 Generalidades .2
4.2 Por qué es importante la evaluación del desempeño .2
5 Proceso de evaluación del desempeño . 2
5.1 Generalidades .2
5.2 Elementos de un proceso de evaluación del desempeño .3
5.3 Fuentes de información y herramientas de evaluación del desempeño .3
5.3.1 Generalidades .3
5.3.2 Inspecciones .4
5.3.3 Revisiones previas y posteriores a la actividad .4
5.3.4 Evaluaciones de la exposición y vigilancia de la salud en el trabajo .5
5.3.5 Reuniones sobre seguridad y salud .5
5.3.6 Grupos de discusión .5
5.3.7 Encuestas .6
5.3.8 Entrevistas .6
5.3.9 Seguimiento de lesiones y deterioro de la salud .6
5.3.10 Investigaciones de incidentes .7
5.3.11 Auditorías .7
5.3.12 Revisión por la dirección.7
6 Indicadores de desempeño . 7
6.1 Generalidades .7
6.2 Selección de indicadores de desempeño .8
6.3 Características clave de los indicadores .8
6.4 Ciclo de vida de los indicadores .9
6.5 Tipos de indicadores.10
6.5.1 Generalidades .10
6.5.2 Indicadores proactivos y reactivos .11
6.5.3 Cuantitativos y cualitativos . 12
6.5.4 Posibles consecuencias no previstas . 13
6.5.5 Valor y limitaciones de los estudios comparativos (benchmarking).14
7 Integración de la evaluación del desempeño de la SST en los procesos de negocio . 14
8 Seguimiento, medición, análisis y evaluación .15
8.1 Generalidades . 15
8.2 Incertidumbre . 15
8.3 Seguimiento y medición .16
8.4 Analizar .16
8.5 Evaluar .16
9 Comunicación . 17
10 Actuar sobre los resultados . 17
11 Revisar los procesos de evaluación del desempeño .18
Anexo A (informativo) Ejemplos de evaluación del desempeño .20
Bibliografía.31
Traducción oficial
iii
Prólogo
ISO (Organización Internacional de Normalización) es una federación mundial de organismos nacionales
de normalización (organismos miembros de ISO). El trabajo de elaboración de las Normas Internacionales
se lleva a cabo normalmente a través de los comités técnicos de ISO. Cada organismo miembro interesado
en una materia para la cual se haya establecido un comité técnico, tiene el derecho de estar representado
en dicho comité. Las organizaciones internacionales, gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, vinculadas
con ISO, también participan en el trabajo. ISO colabora estrechamente con la Comisión Electrotécnica
Internacional (IEC) en todos los temas de normalización electrotécnica.
En la Parte 1 de las Directivas ISO/IEC se describen los procedimientos utilizados para desarrollar este
documento y aquellos previstos para su mantenimiento posterior. En particular debería tomarse nota de los
diferentes criterios de aprobación necesarios para los distintos tipos de documentos ISO. Este documento
ha sido redactado de acuerdo con las reglas editoriales de la Parte 2 de las Directivas ISO/IEC (véase
www.iso.org/directives).
ISO llama la atención sobre la posibilidad de que la implementación de este documento pueda conllevar el uso
de una o varias patentes. ISO no se posiciona respecto a la evidencia, validez o aplicabilidad de los derechos
de patente reivindicados. A la fecha de publicación de este documento, ISO no había recibido notificación
de que una o varias patentes pudieran ser necesarias para su implementación. No obstante, se advierte a
los usuarios que esta puede no ser la información más reciente, la cual puede obtenerse de la base de datos
de patentes disponible en www.iso.org/patents. ISO no será responsable de la identificación de parte o la
totalidad de dichos derechos de patente.
Cualquier nombre comercial utilizado en este documento es información que se proporciona para comodidad
del usuario y no constituye una recomendación.
Para una explicación de la naturaleza voluntaria de las normas, el significado de los términos específicos de
ISO y las expresiones relacionadas con la evaluación de la conformidad, así como la información acerca de la
adhesión de ISO a los principios de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) respecto a los Obstáculos
Técnicos al Comercio (OTC), véase www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
Este documento ha sido elaborado por el Comité Técnico ISO/TC 283, Gestión de la seguridad y salud en el
trabajo.
Cualquier comentario o pregunta sobre este documento deberían dirigirse al organismo nacional de
normalización del usuario. En www.iso.org/members.html se puede encontrar un listado completo de estos
organismos.
Traducción oficial
iv
Prólogo de la versión en español
Este documento ha sido traducido por el Grupo de Trabajo Spanish Translation Task Force (STTF) del Comité
Técnico ISO/TC 283, Gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo, en el que participan representantes de
los organismos nacionales de normalización y otras partes interesadas, para lograr la unificación de la
terminología en lengua española en el ámbito de la gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo.
Este documento ha sido validado por el ISO/TMBG/Spanish Translation Management Group (STMG)
conformado por los siguientes países: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El
Salvador, España, Guatemala, Honduras, República Dominicana, México, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú y Uruguay.
Traducción oficial
v
Introducción
El propósito de este documento es ayudar a las organizaciones a dar seguimiento, medir, analizar y evaluar
eficazmente el desempeño de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SST).
La evaluación del desempeño de la SST incluye los procesos que la organización utiliza para evaluar la
idoneidad de las actividades que se espera que logren los resultados previstos. Normalment
...
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