ISO Guide 84:2020

GUIDE 84
First edition
2020-07
Guidelines for addressing climate
change in standards
Lignes directrices pour la prise en compte des changements
climatiques dans les normes
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
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Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 8
4 Understanding and responding to climate change . 8
4.1 What is climate change? . 8
4.2 Climate change mitigation and adaptation to climate change . 9
4.2.1 General. 9
4.2.2 Climate change mitigation . 9
4.2.3 Adaptation to climate change .10
4.2.4 Interrelation between climate change mitigation and adaptation to
climate change .10
5 Addressing climate change in standards.10
5.1 General .10
5.2 Principles related to addressing climate change in standards .11
5.2.1 General.11
5.2.2 Interactivity .11
5.2.3 Clarity .11
5.2.4 Involvement of interested parties .11
5.2.5 Transparency .11
5.2.6 Fairness and equity.12
5.2.7 Performance-driven approach .12
5.2.8 Future orientation .12
6 Planning the strategy .12
6.1 General .12
6.2 Issues to think about before establishing a committee .13
6.3 Strategic business plan .13
6.4 Review and revision of standards .14
7 Planning the content .15
7.1 Responsibilities .15
7.2 Understanding approaches to responding to climate change .15
7.2.1 General.15
7.2.2 Systems approach .16
7.2.3 Life cycle approach.16
7.2.4 Risk-based approach .18
7.2.5 Precautionary approach .19
7.3 Identifying climate change issues .19
7.3.1 General.19
7.3.2 Identifying relevant climate change issues .21
7.3.3 Identifying significant climate change issues .21
8 Addressing climate change issues .22
8.1 General .22
8.2 Consider interrelations between adaptation and mitigation .22
8.3 Addressing climate change mitigation when dealing with specific sources .23
8.3.1 General.23
8.3.2 GHG emissions from the direct or indirect combustion of fuels and energy
efficiency .24
8.3.3 GHG emissions from the use of fluorinated industrial gases .25
8.3.4 GHG emissions from the process industries .25
8.3.5 GHG emissions from agriculture .25
8.3.6 GHG emissions from livestock operations .25
8.3.7 GHG emissions from waste management .26
8.3.8 GHG emissions from biomass and natural processes .26
8.3.9 GHG emissions from road transportation fuels .26
8.3.10 GHG emissions from the aviation sector .26
8.3.11 GHG emissions from maritime shipping .27
8.4 Mitigation approaches .27
8.4.1 GHG reduction through energy management and energy efficiency .27
8.4.2 GHG reduction through renewable energy .27
8.4.3 GHG reduction through fuel switching .28
8.4.4 GHG reduction through resource management .28
8.4.5 Carbon capture, use, and storage .28
8.5 Financing the transition to a low carbon economy .28
8.5.1 General.28
8.5.2 Policy incentives .29
8.5.3 Green debt instruments .29
8.5.4 Mitigation projects .30
8.6 Addressing climate change adaptation aspects in product and process standards .30
8.6.1 General.30
8.6.2 Considerations and approaches for adaptation .31
8.6.3 Incorporating climate change adaptation measures into standards .32
8.6.4 Process standards .34
8.6.5 Product standards .34
8.7 Adaptation and mitigation in management system standards .36
8.8 Other aspects for consideration .38
8.8.1 Organizational inventories .38
8.8.2 GHG project monitoring .39
8.8.3 Per unit of product “footprints” .39
8.8.4 Role of verification in monitoring and evaluation .40
Annex A (informative) Using systems thinking to set boundaries for climate change
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