ISO/TS 4398:2022

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 4398
First edition
2022-09
Intelligent transport systems —
Guided transportation service
planning data exchange
Reference number
ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
© ISO 2022

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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
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© ISO 2022
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 5
5 Modelling concepts . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Concepts infrastructure . 6
5.2.1 Introduction . 6
5.2.2 Connections between tracks . 7
5.2.3 Temporal availability of infrastructure elements and speed profiles. 9
5.2.4 Defining track usage of a train in stations . 9
5.3 Concepts timetable . 10
5.3.1 Overview . 10
5.3.2 Train types, categories and passenger usage . 10
[12]
5.3.3 How to reference infrastructure . 11
[13]
5.3.4 Midnight overrun .12
[14]
5.3.5 Reversing trains and formations .12
[15]
5.3.6 Train coupling and sharing . 13
5.4 Concepts: rolling stock .13
5.4.1 Formations .13
5.4.2 Vehicles . 14
6 RailDax high level description .14
6.1 General overview . 14
6.2 XML methodology . 15
6.3 RailDax high level UML .15
6.3.1 Overview . 15
6.3.2 Infrastructure . 16
6.3.3 Timetable . 32
6.3.4 Rolling stock . 41
6.3.5 Metadata . 53
7 Use cases .53
7.1 General .53
7.2 Operational timetable planning for tenders, long- and short-term planning .54
7.2.1 Description .54
7.2.2 Data flows and interfaces .54
7.2.3 Characteristics of data .54
7.3 Runtime calculations . 55
7.3.1 Description . 55
7.3.2 Data flows and interfaces . 55
7.3.3 Characteristics of data . 55
7.4 Passenger assets of rolling stock for operational planning .56
7.4.1 Description .56
7.4.2 Data flow and interfaces .56
7.4.3 Characteristics of data .56
7.5 Schematic track plans for infrastructure planning . 57
7.5.1 Description . 57
7.5.2 Data flow and interfaces .58
7.5.3 Characteristics of data .58
7.6 Operational timetable simulation .58
7.6.1 Description .58
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
7.6.2 Data flow and interfaces .58
7.6.3 Characteristics of data . 59
7.7 Network statement of an infrastructure manager annex asset descriptions . 59
7.7.1 Description . 59
7.7.2 Data flow and interfaces . 59
7.7.3 Characteristics of data .60
Annex A (informative) Mapping .61
Annex B (informative) Index of element names .66
Bibliography .73
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
Introduction
The purpose of this document is to facilitate the planning of railway operations between organizations
in the transportation sector (communication between interested parties).
The aim is to provide a common format for necessary railway data exchange between interested parties
in the industry during the conceptual, strategic and tactical phases of railway service planning.
Examples of roles of interested parties are:
— railway authorities;
— public transport authorities;
— train operators;
— infrastructure managers;
— rolling stock companies;
— suppliers to the railway sector (rolling stock, signalling systems, etc.);
— consultants.
These roles can be fulfilled by separate entities or by different units within one integrated entity or
company.
This document covers various planning aspects, including the following:
a) Conceptual planning: Years in advance of construction of the new or improved infrastructure.
b) Strategic planning: Usually for new timetable concepts, new rolling stock or improved
infrastructure, more than 15 months before implementation of new annual timetable, including:
— tendering process for passenger train operators (calculating tenders);
— feasibility studies for commercial train operators (freight and passengers);
— temporary infrastructure capacity restrictions.
c) Tactical planning: Usually for producing a new timetable, typically for construction of the
annual timetable, including:
— train path and capacity requests (train operators);
— train path and capacity allocation (infrastructure managers).
During planning there is a continuous need for exchange of (machine readable) information between
different stakeholders.
These stakeholders use different applications for their internal processes (runtime calculations,
rostering, temporary capacity restrictions, etc). Within large organizations there can also be different
applications in use, where effective exchange of information is essential.
A common (standardized) format for exchanging information between different applications will
reduce time-consuming manual work and will improve accuracy. Railway Data Exchange (RailDax) is a
format standard for exchanging railway data between applications.
The RailDax format is intended to be used by railway and transportation authorities, infrastructure
managers and train operators during long-term planning, tendering processes, commercial evaluations
and the yearly capacity allocation processes leading to the annual timetable.
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
RailDax has been developed in parallel with the data exchange language railML 2.5 (Railway Modelling
1)
Language 2.5), which is managed by railML.org.
Figure 1 illustrates the use of RailDax for conceptual, strategic and tactical planning of railway services
and operations, leading to an annual timetable. Other exchange formats will be more suited for the
exchange of network and timetable data for public (customers') travel planning and ticketing solutions.
Figure 1 — RailDax as a railway data exchange format for conceptual, strategic and tactical
planning
RailDax is not intended as a data exchange format for applications serving the following purposes:
1) asset development and maintenance applications for infrastructure and rolling stock;
2) public travel plan and fare management.
The interface between RailDax and purpose 2) will typically be the annual timetable.
Train operators can be legally obliged to publish in other formats, for example in Europe, the Network
Timetable Exchange (NeTEx) for public travel plan and fare management, and Telematics Applications
for Passenger services (TAP) and Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) for slot ordering
at national access points. The relationship between RailDax and these specifications is explained in
Annex A.
When launching the RailDax project it was deemed necessary to base the format on a mature (proven
in use) data exchange language and to cover the RailDax use cases. Based on a study, railML 2.x was
chosen. For the same reason, RaiDax is developed as a pair to railML version 2.5. The development
of possible future revisions of RailDax may be considered to pair with later railML versions or other
formats.
1) railML® and the logos of railML.org are copyrighted by railML.org e.V., as they are registered at the European
Union Intellectual Property Office as a trademark with the number 12576492. This trademark is provided for
reasons of public interest or public safety. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document
and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Guided transportation
service planning data exchange
1 Scope
This document specifies an open, XML-based data format which enables an efficient and unambiguous
exchange of static information concerning the operational functionality of the infrastructure,
rolling stock and timetable of a track-bound transportation system. The main objective is to enable
heterogeneous railway applications to communicate with each other.
The purpose of the data format is to facilitate common (integrated) planning of track-bound operations
between organizations in the transportation sector.
Railway Data Exchange (RailDax) serves as a data exchange format between applications used for
railway service planning: connecting information about infrastructure, rolling stock and timetable
basics which are necessary for capacity management and timetable planning.
This document describes infrastructure and rolling stock from an operational perspective. To
achieve this, the infrastructure and rolling stock is described with a clearly defined meaning from an
operational perspective.
RailDax will typically be used by railway authorities, train operators, infrastructure managers and
suppliers to the railway industry for communication between applications serving the use cases listed
in Clause 7 in this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/TS 14812, Intelligent transport systems — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TS 14812 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
RailDax file
railway data exchange file
Note 1 to entry: The RailDax file is constructed according to the principles of this document.
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
3.2
infrastructure
tracks, switches, engineering structures (bridges, tunnels, etc.), platforms, zones of access (including
the needs of persons with reduced mobility), safety and protective equipment
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.3
infrastructure capacity
potential to schedule train paths requested for an element of infrastructure for a certain period
[5]
[SOURCE: European Directive 2001/14/EC ]
3.4
capacity
maximum number of trains which can be planned to move in both directions over a specified section of
track in a 24-hour period
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.5
guided transportation
track-bound public transport, such as railway, metro and tram systems
3.6
border
location where a line or frontier area separates the railway network between legal jurisdictions, e.g.
countries, regions, tariff zones, infrastructure managers, project areas, etc.
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.7
train path
infrastructure capacity needed to run a train between two places over a given time-period
[5]
[SOURCE: European Directive 2001/14/EC ]
3.8
train route
course of a train over the tracks through its defined stations
Note 1 to entry: The train's route usually spans its entire service line from first to last operational point (station).
3.9
speed change
change of speed on a given location on the track
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.10
signal route
specific directional course over the tracks from one signal to the next for a train's safe passage
3.11
mileage
classical location framework in railways, given in form of a kilometre value
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
3.12
network
entire railway infrastructure owned or managed by an infrastructure manager
[5]
[SOURCE: European Directive 2001/14/EC ]
3.13
network statement
statement which sets out in detail the general rules, deadlines, procedures and criteria concerning the
charging and capacity allocation schemes
Note 1 to entry: The statement shall also contain such other information as is required to enable application for
infrastructure capacity.
[5]
[SOURCE: European Directive 2001/14/EC ]
3.14
timetable
schedule listing the times at which certain events, such as arrivals and departures at a transport
station, are expected to take place
Note 1 to entry: The timetable defines all planned train and rolling-stock movements which will take place on the
relevant infrastructure during the period for which it is in force.
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.15
train operator
railway undertaking
public or private undertaking, the principal business of which is to provide services for the transport
of goods and/or passengers by rail with a requirement that the undertaking ensures tractionNote 1 to
entry: This also includes undertakings which provide traction only.
[5]
[SOURCE: European Directive 2001/14/EC modified — Preferred term “train operator” added.]
3.16
infrastructure manager
any body or undertaking that is responsible in particular for establishing and maintaining railway
infrastructure
Note 1 to entry: This may also include the management of infrastructure control and safety systems. The
functions of the infrastructure manager on a network or part of a network may be allocated to different bodies
or undertakings.
[5]
[SOURCE: European Directive 2001/14/EC ]
3.17
overlap
section beyond a stop signal, or a stopping point in a continuous signalling system, which must be kept
clear to avoid the risk of collision should a train inadvertently run past the signal or the stopping point
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-821:2017, 821-01-21]
3.18
product
item being offered by a train service, passenger or freight
3.19
line
list of railway tracks between two major operational points used for regular railway operation
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
3.20
station
area defined by one or more station boundaries, where an exit main signal on a remote-controlled line,
or a manually given signal on a line without remote control, signals whether the next block is free
Note 1 to entry: A station is a place where operational trains can begin and end operations.
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.21
switch
unit of track comprising of two fixed rails (stock rails) and two moveable rails (switch rails) used to
direct vehicles from one track to another track
Note 1 to entry: The term “point” is sometimes used for this concept.
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.22
tunnel
covered, horizontal passageway for railway transport through or under an obstruction
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.23
bridge
structure built for the explicit purpose of spanning and providing passage for railway transport over a
gap or a barrier, i.e. a river, chasm, road, lake etc.
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.24
derailer
fixed device which, when placed on the rail, derails the wheels of a vehicle, and serves to protect a
converging line
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.25
stop signal
signal at route exit where a train is usually required to stop
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.26
balise
wayside transmission unit that uses the magnetic transponder technology
Note 1 to entry: Its main function is to transmit or receive signals through the air gap. The balise is a single
device mounted on the track, which communicates with a train passing over it.
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.27
balise group
one or more balises that on a higher system level together create a quantity of information related to
the location reference in the track, the direction of validity of data, and train protection information
Note 1 to entry: The single balises form together a functionality that is described in the balise group.
Note 2 to entry: This is the location in the track where spot transmission occurs. The telegrams transmitted by
all the balises of a group form a track-to-train message.
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ISO/TS 4398:2022(E)
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.28
level crossing
location where railway and other traffic types cross each other at the same level (for example, without
overpass or underpass)
Note 1 to entry: Level crossings may be technically secured or non-technically secured. Technically secured level
crossings must have gates, barriers, traffic lights or other means of securing.
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.29
rolling stock
collective term for the rail fleet
Note 1 to entry: This term is sometimes used for one vehicle.
Note 2 to entry: It describes all the vehicles that are used on a railway track. It usually includes both powered
and unpowered vehicles, for example locomotives, hauled passenger vehicles and freight vehicles (coaches and
wagons), diesel units, electric units and service stock. The term is sometimes used to refer only to non-powered
vehicles, thus excluding locomotives. The term contrasts with fixed stock (infrastructure), which is a collective
term for the track, signals, stations and buildings etc. necessary to operate a railway.
[10]
[SOURCE: railML RailGlossary ]
3.30
vehicle roster
list or plan showing turns of duty for vehicles (rolling stock) in an organization
3.31
train
movement of a single vehicle or a number of coupled vehicles/units operating on a guided ground
transport system
3.32
train part
basic part of a train with the same characteristics such as formation, and that is constant during an
operating period
Note 1 to entry: The train part includes the actual information regarding the path of the train as a sequence of
operation or control points together with the corresponding schedule information.
4 Abbreviated terms
ERA European Union Agency for Railways
IS infrastructure
NeTEx networ
...