ISO 14830-1:2019

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14830-1
First edition
2019-12
Condition monitoring and diagnostics
of machine systems — Tribology-
based monitoring and diagnostics —
Part 1:
General requirements and guidelines
Surveillance et diagnostic de l'état des systèmes de machines —
Surveillance et diagnostic basés sur la tribologie —
Partie 1: Exigences et lignes directrices générales
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols (and abbreviated terms) . 2
5 Lubricant and wear particle analysis . 2
5.1 Asset management . 2
5.2 Strategies. 2
5.2.1 Before failure onset (as a proactive strategy tool) . . 2
5.2.2 During failure development (as a predictive strategy tool) . 2
5.2.3 Following machine failure (as a reactive strategy tool) . 2
5.2.4 Other benefits . 2
5.3 Information to be gained through lubricant and wear debris . 3
5.3.1 Lubricant properties . 3
5.3.2 Lubricant contamination . 3
5.3.3 Machine wear . 3
6 Measurement parameters . 3
6.1 Lubricant and wear debris parameters . 3
6.2 Lubricant test suites . 3
6.3 Sampling frequency . 4
7 Sampling . 4
7.1 Objectives. 4
7.2 Pressurized sample points . 5
7.3 Static sample points . 6
7.4 On-line and in-line sampling . 7
7.5 Magnetic plug sampling . 7
7.6 Grease sampling . 8
8 Fluid sampling equipment . 8
8.1 General . 8
8.2 Sample containers . 8
8.3 Sample tubing . 8
8.4 Manually operated hand held sample pumps . 8
8.5 Other equipment . 9
8.6 Sample transport . 9
9 Sample analysis . 9
9.1 General . 9
9.2 On-site analysis . 9
9.3 Off-site analysis .10
9.4 Sample documentation .10
10 Alarm criteria .10
11 Diagnosis and prognosis .11
12 Results reporting .12
13 Personnel qualifications.12
13.1 Field analysts .12
13.2 Laboratory analysts .12
Annex A (informative) Common lubricant and wear debris parameters .13
Annex B (informative) Typical lubricant test suites and frequencies .22
Annex C (informative) Sampling procedure examples .25
Annex D (informative) Commercial laboratory selection guidelines .29
Annex E (informative) Sample documentation requirements .31
Annex F (informative) Alarm criteria guidelines .33
Annex G (informative) Diagnosis and prognosis guidelines .38
Bibliography .48
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and
condition monitoring, Subcommittee SC 5, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machine systems.
A list of all parts in the ISO 14830 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
Introduction
Tribology and lubricant-based monitoring is a broad field comprising the activities of monitoring,
reporting and responding to information obtained from the analysis of lubricating oils, hydraulic fluids
and greases. Common terms used to describe this practice are "oil analysis", "lubricant" and "wear
debris". Because it also encompasses the analysis of used hydraulic fluids and greases, this document
generically refers to the entire practice as "lubricant analysis".
Lubricants are used in a wide range of machine types, including stationary industrial equipment
and mobile equipment used in transportation, construction and m
...