IEC 62623:2022

IEC 62623 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Desktop and notebook computers – Measurement of energy consumption

Ordinateurs de bureau et ordinateurs portables – Mesurage de la consommation
d'énergie
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IEC 62623 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Desktop and notebook computers – Measurement of energy consumption

Ordinateurs de bureau et ordinateurs portables – Mesurage de la consommation

d'énergie
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 35.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-1095-6

– 2 – IEC 62623:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 11
4 Specifications for EUT . 12
4.1 Computer descriptions . 12
4.1.1 Desktop computer . 12
4.1.2 Notebook computer . 12
4.1.3 Two-in-one notebook . 12
4.1.4 Multiscreen notebook . 13
4.1.5 Slate/Tablet . 13
4.1.6 Portable all-in-one computer . 13
4.1.7 Integrated desktop computer . 13
4.2 Power modes . 13
4.2.1 Off mode . 13
4.2.2 P . 14
off
4.2.3 Sleep mode . 14
4.2.4 P . 14
sleep
4.2.5 P . 14
sleepWoL
4.2.6 Alternative low power mode . 14
4.2.7 P . 14
alpm
4.2.8 On mode . 14
4.2.9 P . 14
on
4.2.10 Idle modes . 14
4.2.11 Active (work) mode . 15
4.2.12 P . 15
work
4.3 Profile attributes . 15
4.3.1 Profile . 15
4.3.2 Majority profile . 16
4.3.3 Minority profile . 16
4.3.4 Profile study . 16
4.3.5 Product active power ratio . 16
4.3.6 PAPR . 16
4.3.7 PAWR. 16
4.3.8 Product TEC error . 16
4.3.9 Profile TEC error . 16
4.4 Categorisation attributes . 16
4.4.1 General . 16
4.4.2 Cores . 17
4.4.3 Expandability score (ES) . 17
4.4.4 Performance score . 17
4.4.5 Graphics capability . 17

4.4.6 TEC adders . 17
5 Test procedure and conditions, categorisation, TEC formula, meter specifications
and results reporting . 17
5.1 General . 17
5.2 Test setup . 17
5.3 Test procedure . 20
5.3.1 General . 20
5.3.2 Measuring off mode . 20
5.3.3 Measuring sleep mode . 20
5.3.4 Measuring alternative low power mode . 20
5.3.5 Measuring long idle mode . 21
5.3.6 Measuring short idle mode . 21
5.3.7 Measuring active power mode (optional, see 5.6) . 22
5.4 Test conditions . 22
5.5 Categorisation . 22
5.5.1 General . 22
5.5.2 TEC adders . 23
5.6 Annualised energy consumption formulas . 23
5.6.1 General . 23
5.6.2 Estimated annualised energy consumption formula (estimated active
workload) . 23
5.6.3 Measured annualised energy consumption formula (with an active
workload) . 24
5.6.4 Criteria for an active workload . 25
5.7 True RMS watt meter specification . 26
5.8 True RMS watt meter accuracy . 27
5.9 Ambient light meter specification. 28
5.10 Reporting of results . 28
Annex A (informative) Overview of profile methodology. 31
Annex B (informative) Majority profile . 33
Annex C (informative) Method for conducting a profile study . 34
C.1 General . 34
C.2 Profile study example . 34
Annex D (informative) Sample TEC calculations . 38
D.1 General . 38
D.2 Notebook computer example . 38
D.3 Desktop computer example . 39
Annex E (informative) Power measurement methodology . 40
E.1 General . 40
E.2 Sampling method . 40
E.3 Average reading method . 41
E.4 Direct meter reading method . 42
Bibliography . 44

Figure 1 – Typical test setup . 19
Figure 2 – Example of estimated annualised energy consumption formula (estimated
active workload) . 24
Figure 3 – Measured annualised energy consumption formula (with an active
workload) . 25

– 4 – IEC 62623:2022 © IEC 2022
Figure A.1 – Example of a typical profile . 31

Table 1 – External display connection priority . 18
Table 2 – Test conditions . 22
Table 3 – Ambient light meter specifications . 28
Table B.1 – Duty cycle attributes for the enterprise and residential majority profile duty
cycle study . 33
Table C.1 – Profile study 1 . 35
Table C.2 – Profile study, duty cycles . 35
Table C.3 – Profile study, TEC and TEC calculations . 36
actual estimated
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
DESKTOP AND NOTEBOOK COMPUTERS –
MEASUREMENT OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
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preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
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Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62623 has been prepared by technical area 19: Environmental and energy aspects for
multimedia systems and equipment, of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and
multimedia systems and equipment. It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2012. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
The first edition of this standard was originally based on ECMA-383.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) Additions to terms & definitions and modification to short & long idle descriptions.
b) Test setup modifications for notebooks where battery pack cannot be removed for testing.
c) Categorisation procedure based on ECMA-389 removed.
d) Replace majority profile with new duty cycle study including new duty cycle attributes for
desktop and notebook in a residential and enterprise application.
e) Removal of any reference and test methodology to ENERGY STAR V5.

– 6 – IEC 62623:2022 © IEC 2022
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
100/3583/CDV 100/3669/RVC
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
In this standard, the following print types or formats are used:
– requirements proper and normative annexes: in roman type;
– notes/explanatory matter: in smaller roman type;
– terms that are defined in 3.1: bold.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

INTRODUCTION
This document provides definitions of energy saving modes and generic energy saving
guidance for designers of desktop and notebook computers, by defining a methodology on how
to measure the energy consumption of a product whilst providing key categorisation attributes
that enable energy consumption comparisons of similar products.
This document is originally based on ECMA-383 and complements the guidance given in
IEC 62075.
– 8 – IEC 62623:2022 © IEC 2022
DESKTOP AND NOTEBOOK COMPUTERS –
MEASUREMENT OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION

1 Scope
This document covers personal computing products. It applies to desktop and notebook
computers as defined in 4.1 that are marketed as final products and that are hereafter referred
to as the equipment under test (EUT) or product.
This document specifies:
– a test procedure to enable the measurement of the power and/or energy consumption in
each of the EUT's power modes;
– formulas for calculating the typical energy consumption (TEC) for a given period (normally
annual);
– a majority profile to be used with this document which enables conversion of average power
into energy within the TEC formulas;
– a pre-defined format for the presentation of results.
This document does not set any pass/fail criteria for the EUTs. Users of the test results define
such criteria.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
active workload
simulated amount of productive or operative activity that the EUT performs as represented in
the P (see 4.2.12) and T (see 3.1.11.6) attributes of the TEC equation (see 5.6)
work work
3.1.2
category
classification within a product type that is based on product features and installed components
3.1.3
duty cycle
divisions of time the EUT spends in each of its individual power modes
Note 1 to entry: A duty cycle is expressed as a percentage totalling 1.

3.1.4
energy use
energy used by a product when measured from the mains power supply over a given period of
time
Note 1 to entry: Energy is measured in kilowatt hour.
3.1.5
external power supply
EPS
equipment contained in a separate physical enclosure external to the computer casing and
designed to convert mains power supply to lower DC voltage(s) for the purpose of powering the
computer
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
Note 2 to entry: The EPS is sometimes referred to as an AC brick.
Note 3 to entry: A reference to a document which outlines the testing procedures for measuring EPS efficiencies
(External Power Supply Efficiency Test Method) can be found in the Bibliography.
3.1.6
internal power supply
IPS
component contained inside the computer casing and designed to convert AC voltage from the
mains power supply to lower DC voltage(s) for the purpose of powering the computer
components
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
Note 2 to entry: A reference to a document which outlines the testing procedures for measuring IPS efficiencies
(Generalized Internal Power Supply Efficiency Test Protocol) can be found in the Bibliography.
3.1.7
local area network
LAN
computer network located on a user’s premises within a limited geographical area
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-732-01-04]
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
Note 2 to entry: Currently the two primary technologies used in computers are IEEE 802.3 Ethernet or Wired LAN,
and IEEE 802.11 WiFi or Wireless LAN.
3.1.8
manufacturer
organization responsible for the design, development and production of a product in view of its
being placed on the market, regardless of whether these operations are carried out by that
organization itself or on its behalf
3.1.9
typical energy consumption
TEC
number for the consumption of energy of a computer that is used to compare the energy
performance of like computers, which focuses on the typical energy consumed by an EUT for a
given profile while in normal operation during a representative period of time
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
Note 2 to entry: For desktops and notebook computers, the key criterion of the TEC approach is a value for typical
annual energy use, measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh), using measurements of average operational mode power
levels scaled by an assumed typical duty cycle that represent annualized use for a profile.

– 10 – IEC 62623:2022 © IEC 2022
3.1.10
actual energy consumption
TEC measured using P
work
Note 1 to entry: The actual energy consumption is referenced as TEC .
actual
3.1.11
duty cycle attributes
percentage of time the EUT spends in each of its individual power modes
Note 1 to entry: Examples of duty cycle attributes are defined in 3.1.12.1 to 3.1.12.7.
3.1.11.1
off component of duty cycle
T
off
percentage of time the EUT is in the off mode
3.1.11.2
sleep component of duty cycle
T and T
sleep sleepWoL
percentage of time the EUT is in the sleep modes
3.1.11.3
on components of duty cycle
T
on
percentage of time the EUT is in the on mode
Note 1 to entry: The T duty cycle is equal to the sum of the T + T + T .
on work sidle lidle
3.1.11.4
short idle component of duty cycle
T
sidle
percentage of time the EUT is in the short idle mode
3.1.11.5
long idle component of duty cycle

T
lidle
percentage of time the EUT is in the long idle mode
3.1.11.6
alternative low power component of duty cycle
T
alpm
percentage of time the EUT is in the alternative low power mode
3.1.11.7
active component of duty cycle
T
work
percentage of time the EUT is in the active (work) mode
3.1.12
user of the test results
entity that will utilise the test results to apply to their needs
Note 1 to entry: Examples of such an entity are voluntary agreement owners, regulators, private companies, etc.

3.1.13
wake on LAN
WoL
functionality that allows a computer to wake from sleep or off to an active state when directed
by a network wake request via Ethernet
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.14
graphics processor unit
GPU
integrated circuit, separate from the CPU, designed to accelerate the rendering of either 2D
and/or 3D content to displays
Note 1 to entry: GPU may be paired with a CPU, on the system board of the computer or elsewhere to offload
display capabilities from the CPU
3.1.15
discrete graphics
graphics processor (GPU) which must contain a local memory controller interface and local
graphics-specific memory
3.1.16
integrated graphics
graphics solution that does not contain discrete graphics
3.1.17
switchable graphics
functionality that allows discrete graphics to be disabled when not required in favour of
integrated graphics
Note 1 to entry: This functionality allows lower power and lower capability integrated GPUs to render the display
while on battery or when the output graphics are not overly complex while then allowing the more power consumptive
but more capable discrete GPU to provide rendering capability when the user requires it.
3.1.18
system memory bandwidth
rate at which data can be read or stored into computer system’s memory
Note 1 to entry: System memory bandwidth is measured in gigabytes per second (GB/s).
3.2 Abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
ACPI advanced configuration and power interface
NOTE 1 ACPI specification can be found here: http://www.uefi.org/acpi/specs
ALPM alternative low power mode
CF  crest factor
CFR crest factor ratio
CPU central processing unit
DVI Digital Visual Interface
EPS external power supply
EUT equipment under test
NOTE 2 Also referred to as product in this standard and sometimes referred to as UUT (unit under test) in other
specifications.
FB_BW frame buffer bandwidth
– 12 – IEC 62623:2022 © IEC 2022
GPU graphic processing unit
HDD hard disk drive
®1
HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface
IPS internal power supply
LAN  local area network
LPM low power mode
MCR maximum current ratio
OS  operating system
PAPR profile active power ratio
PAWR profile active workload ratio
PCF product crest factor
PF  power factor
RAM random access memory
RMS root mean square
TEC typical energy consumption
THD total harmonic distortion
UPS uninterruptible power supply
VGA Video Graphics Array
WoL wake on LAN
4 Specifications for EUT
4.1 Computer descriptions
4.1.1 Desktop computer
A desktop computer is a computer where the main unit is intended to be located in a permanent
location, often on a desk or on the floor. Desktops are not designed for portability and utilize an
external computer display, keyboard, and mouse. Desktops are designed for a broad range of
home and office applications.
4.1.2 Notebook computer
A notebook computer is a computer designed specifically for portability and intended to be
operated for extended periods of time either with or without a direct connection to an AC mains
power supply. Notebooks utilize an integrated computer display and are capable of operation
from an integrated battery. In addition, most notebooks use an EPS or AC brick and have a
non-detachable mechanical keyboard (using physical, moveable keys) and pointing device.
Notebook computers are typically designed to provide similar functionality to desktops,
including operation of software similar in functionality as that used in desktops. For the
purposes of this document, docking stations are considered accessories and, therefore, should
not be considered as part of the EUT.
4.1.3 Two-in-one notebook
A computer which resembles a traditional notebook computer with a clam shell form factor, but
has a detachable display which can act as an independent slate/tablet when disconnected. The
keyboard and display portions of the product must be shipped as an integrated unit. Two-in-one
___________
1 ® ®
HDMI and HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface are trademarks of HDMI Licensing Administrator, Inc.
This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement
by IEC of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.

notebooks are considered notebooks in the remainder of this standard and are therefore not
referenced explicitly.
4.1.4 Multiscreen notebook
A computer which resembles a traditional notebook computer with a clam shell form factor but
has a secondary display with touch and/or pen capability that can be used as a touch screen
keyboard in place of a traditional mechanical keyboard. These products are considered to be
notebook computers for purposes of this standard.
4.1.5 Slate/Tablet
A computing device designed for portability that meets all of the following criteria:
a) Includes an integrated display with a diagonal size greater than 6,5 inches and less than
17,4 inches;
b) lacking an integrated, physical attached keyboard in its as-shipped configuration;
c) includes and primarily relies on touchscreen input; (with optional keyboard);
d) includes and primarily relies on a wireless network connection (e.g., Wi-Fi, 3G, etc.); and
e) includes and is primarily powered by an internal battery (with connection to the mains for
battery charging, not primary powering of the device).
4.1.6 Portable all-in-one computer
A computing device designed for limited portability that meets all of the following criteria:
a) Includes an integrated display with a diagonal size greater than or equal to 17,4 inches;
b) lacking keyboard integrated into the physical housing of the product in its as-shipped
configuration;
c) includes and primarily relies on touchscreen input; (with optional keyboard);
d) includes wireless network connection (e.g. Wi-Fi, 3G, etc.); and
e) includes an internal battery, but is primarily powered by connection to the ac mains.
4.1.7 Integrated desktop computer
An integrated desktop computer is a desktop computer where the computer and computer
display function as a single unit and which is connected to AC mains power through a single
mains cable. Integrated desktop computers come in one of two possible forms:
– a product where the computer display and computer are physically combined into a single
unit; or
– a product packaged as a single product where the computer display is separate but is
connected to the main chassis by a DC power cord and both the computer and computer
display are powered from a single power supply.
As a subset of desktop computers, integrated desktop computers are typically designed to
provide similar functionality as desktop computers.
NOTE 1 An integrated desktop computer can also be referred to as an all-in-one computer.
4.2 Power modes
4.2.1 Off mode
Off mode is the lowest power mode which cannot be switched off (influenced) by the user and
that may persist for an indefinite time when the EUT is connected to the main electricity supply
and used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. For products where ACPI
standards are applicable, off mode correlates to ACPI system level S5 state.

– 14 – IEC 62623:2022 © IEC 2022
NOTE 1 Some international regulations also refer to this mode as standby mode.
4.2.2 P
off
P represents the average power measured in the off mode.
off
4.2.3 Sleep mode
Sleep mode is a low power mode that the EUT is capable of entering automatically after a period
of inactivity or by manual selection. An EUT with sleep capability can quickly wake to a readable
display in response to a wake event from network connections or user interface devices. For
products where ACPI standards are applicable, sleep mode most commonly correlates to ACPI
system level S3 (suspend to RAM) state. When the EUT is tested with the WoL capability
disabled in the sleep state, it is referred to as sleep mode. When the EUT is tested with the
WoL capability enabled in the sleep state, it is referred to as WoL sleep mode.
NOTE 1 Low power sleep modes other than ACPI S3 can be supported.
4.2.4 P
sleep
P represents the average power measured in the sleep mode with the WoL capability
sleep
disabled.
4.2.5 P
sleepWoL
P represents the average power measured in the sleep mode with the WoL capability
sleepWoL
enabled.
4.2.6 Alternative low power mode
A low power mode that the computer enters automatically after a period of inactivity or by
manual selection that is defined by the display turning off and the computer entering a state of
reduced functionality. A computer with alternative low power mode must maintain immediate
responsiveness to network connections or user interface devices.
4.2.7 P
alpm
represents the average power measured when in the Alternative Low Power Mode.
P
alpm
4.2.8 On mode
The on mode represents the mode the EUT is in when not in the sleep or off modes. The on
mode has several sub-modes that include the long idle mode, the short idle mode and the active
(work) mode.
4.2.9 P
on
P represents the average power measured when in the on mode.
on
4.2.10 Idle modes
4.2.10.1 General
The idle modes are modes in which the operating system and other software have completed
loading, a user profile is created, the product is not in sleep mode or an alternative low power
mode, and activity is limited to those basic applications that the product starts by default. There
are two forms of idle that comprise the idle modes: short idle mode (see 4.2.10.2) and long idle
mode (see 4.2.10.4).
4.2.10.2 Short idle mode
The short idle mode is where the EUT screen is on, and long Idle power management features
have not engaged (e.g. HDD is spinning and the EUT is prevented from entering sleep mode or
alternative low power mode). This condition shall be up to 5 min after:
– ceased user input or
– OS boot or
– after completing an active workload or
– after resuming from sleep mode or alternative low power mode
4.2.10.3 P
sidle
P represents the average power measured when in the short idle mode.
sidle
4.2.10.4 Long idle mode
Long idle mode is where the EUT’s display has entered a low-power state where display
contents cannot be observed (that is backlight has been turned off) but EUT remains in the
working mode (ACPI G0/S0). If power management features are enabled as-shipped, such
features shall be enabled prior to evaluation of long Idle (e.g. display is in a low power state,
HDD may have spun down), but the EUT is prevented from entering sleep mode or alternative
low power mode.
This condition shall be between 15 to 20 min after
– ceased user input or
– OS boot or
– after completing an active workload or
– after resuming from sleep mode or alternative low power mode
4.2.10.5 P
lidle
P represents the average power measured when in the long idle mode.
lidle
4.2.11 Active (work) mode
Active mode is the mode in which the EUT is carrying out user-initiated work in response to
– prior or concurrent user input; or
– prior or concurrent instruction over the network.
This mode includes active processing, seeking data from storage, memory, or cache, while
awaiting further user input or acting on concurrent user input and before entering low power
modes.
4.2.12 P
work
P represents the average power measured when in the active mode.
work
4.3 Profile attributes
4.3.1 Profile
A profile is a combination of duty cycle attributes and a given use case (for example, office
users, home users, gamers).
– 16 – IEC 62623:2022 © IEC 2022
NOTE 1 Refer to Annex A, Annex B and Annex C for further information on profiles.
4.3.2 Majority profile
The majority profile is the most common profile of users for desktop and notebook computers.
The majority profile should be used with this standard and is documented in Annex B. It provides
the duty cycle attributes and the profile TEC error that is used to determine the TEC equation
to be used in 5.6.
4.3.3 Minority profile
The minority profiles represent less common profiles of users of desktop and notebook
computers that are not represented in the majority profile. As an example, extreme gamers
represent a very specific profile but are a very small percentage of computer users.
4.3.4 Profile study
A profile study is a study performed to create a new profile for this standard. The study shall
generate, together with supporting data, the following:
– all the duty cycle attributes;
– the PAPR (see 4.3.6);
– the profile TEC error (see 4.3.9);
– the PAWR (see 4.3.7).
All data shall be derived from a statistically significant sample size that is representative of the
user population as a whole. Annex C provides guidance on how to conduct a profile study.
4.3.5 Product active power ratio
The product active power ratio is the ratio of P /P , or the average on power divided by short
on sidle
idle power for an individual product within a profile study.
4.3.6 PAPR
PAPR is the average of all the product active power ratios recorded in a profile study.
4.3.7 PAWR
PAWR represents the average ratio of P /P conducted on profile study products and is
work sidle
used to validate that the active workload closely matches the profile study (through its PAWR).
4.3.8 Product TEC error
The pro
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