EN 14140:2003

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Transportable refillable welded steel cylinders for Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) - Alternative design and constructionBouteilles en acier soudé transportables et rechargeables pour gaz de pétrole liquéfié (GPL) - Autres solutions en matiere de conception et de constructionOrtsbewegliche, wiederbefüllbare geschweißte Flaschen aus Stahl für Flüssiggas (LPG) - Alternative Gestaltung und KonstruktionTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14140:2003SIST EN 14140:2004en23.020.30MHNOHQNHPressure vessels, gas cylindersICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14140:200401-junij-2004







EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14140August 2003ICS 23.020.30English versionTransportable refillable welded steel cylinders for LiquefiedPetroleum Gas (LPG) - Alternative design and constructionBouteilles en acier soudé transportables et rechargeablespour gaz de pétrole liquéfié (GPL) - Autres solutions enmatière de conception et de constructionOrtsbewegliche, wiederbefüllbare geschweißte Flaschenaus Stahl für Flüssiggas (LPG) - Alternative Gestaltung undKonstruktionThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 July 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14140:2003 E



EN 14140:2003 (E)2ContentspageForeword.4Introduction.51Scope.52Normative references.53Terms, definitions and symbols.63.1Terms and definitions.63.2Symbols.74Materials.85Design.85.1General requirements.85.2Calculation of cylindrical shell thickness.85.3Design of torispherical and semi-ellipsoidal ends concave to pressure.95.4Ends of other shapes.125.5Minimum wall thickness.125.6Design of openings.126Construction and workmanship.126.1Welding qualification.126.2Plates and pressed parts.136.3Welded joints.136.4Tolerances.146.4.1Out-of-roundness.146.4.2Straightness.146.4.3Verticality.146.5Non-pressure containing attachments.146.6Valve protection.146.7Closure of openings.146.8Heat Treatment.157Tests and examinations.167.1General.167.2Types of test and evaluation of test results.167.3Test specimens and related tests and examinations.167.3.1Two-piece cylinders.167.3.2Three-piece cylinders.177.3.3Bung welds.187.4Tensile test.197.4.1Parent metal.197.4.2Welds.197.5Bend test.197.5.1Procedure.197.5.2Requirements.207.6Burst test under hydraulic pressure.227.6.1Procedure.227.6.2Requirements.227.7Pressure test.237.7.1Procedure.237.7.2Requirements.237.8Radiographic examination.237.8.1Procedure.23



EN 14140:2003 (E)37.8.2Assessment.247.8.3Requirements.247.9Macro examination.247.9.1Procedure.247.9.2Requirement.257.10Visual examination of the surface of the weld.257.10.1Procedure.257.10.2Requirements.257.11Fatigue test.257.11.1Procedure.257.11.2Requirements.257.12Resistance to external corrosion.257.12.1Coated cylinders.257.12.2Un-coated cylinders.267.13Cylinder body integrity impact tests.277.13.1General.277.13.2Flat surface impact test.277.13.3Edge impact test.287.14Drop tests.307.14.1Procedure.307.14.2Requirement.318Technical requirements for type approval.318.1Extent of testing.318.2Cylinder types.329Production testing and examination requirements.329.1Tests and examinations applicable to all cylinders.329.2Radiographic examination.339.3Macro examination.339.4Examination of bung welding.339.5Examination of welding of non-pressure containing attachments.339.6Unacceptable imperfections in radiographic or macro examination.339.7Batch testing (Mechanical / Burst tests).349.7.1Batch.349.7.2Inspection lots.349.7.3Rate of sampling.349.8Failure to meet mechanical and burst test requirements.369.8.1Mechanical.369.8.2Burst.369.8.3Batch retest.369.8.4Resubmission of batch.3710Marking.3711Certificate.38Annex A (normative)
Manufacturers marking.39Bibliography.40



EN 14140:2003 (E)4ForewordThis document EN 14140:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 286 “Liquefied PetroleumGas equipment and accessories”, the secretariat of which is held by NSAI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by February 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby February 2004.This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and theEuropean Free Trade Association, and supports the objectives of the framework Directives on Transport ofDangerous Goods.This European Standard has been submitted for reference into the RID and/or in the technical annexes of the ADR.Therefore the standards listed in the normative references and covering basic requirements of the RID/ADR notaddressed within the present standard are normative only when the standards themselves are referred to in theRID and/or in the technical annexes of the ADR.Annex A is normative.This document includes a Bibliography.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.



EN 14140:2003 (E)5IntroductionThis European Standard calls for the use of substances and procedures that may be injurious to health if adequateprecautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligationsrelating to health and safety at any stage.It has been assumed in the drafting of this European Standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted toappropriately qualified and experienced people.This standard permits the use of new and higher strength steels and has the potential for cylinders to be thinnerthan the minimum thickness related to diameter, compared with cylinders in accordance with EN 1442. Thesechanges in technology are justified by requiring a series of performance tests, including impact testing, todemonstrate the adequacy of the calculated pressure thickness for service and transport considerations.1 ScopeThis European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design, construction and testing duringmanufacture of transportable refillable welded steel Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cylinders, of water capacityfrom 0,5 l up to and including 150 l, exposed to ambient temperatures. It allows alternative design and constructionmethods to those required in EN 1442.This European Standard applies only to cylinders with a circular cross-section.All pressures are gauge unless otherwise stated.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).Euronorm 103–71, Micrographic determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size of steels.EN 287–1, Approval testing of welders - Fusion welding – Part 1: Steels.EN 288–2, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials — Part 2: Welding procedurespecification for arc welding.EN 288–3,Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials – Part 3: Welding proceduretests for the arc welding of steels.EN 462–1, Non-destructive testing - Image quality of radiographs – Part 1: Image quality indicators (wire type) -Determination of image quality value.EN 462–2, Non-destructive testing - Image quality of radiographs – Part 2: Image quality indicators (step/hole type)- Determination of image quality value.EN 473:2000, Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel - General principles.EN 895, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials – Transverse tensile test.



EN 14140:2003 (E)6EN 910, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials – Bend tests.EN 962, Transportable gas cylinders – Valve protection caps and valve guards for industrial and medical gascylinders – Design, construction and tests.EN 970, Non-destructive examination of fusion welds - Visual examination.EN 1321, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds.EN 1418, Welding personnel - Approval testing of welding operators for fusion welding and resistance weld settersfor fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials.EN 1435:1997, Non-destructive examination of welds - Radiographic examination of welded joints.EN 1439, Transportable refillable welded steel cylinders for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) - Procedure for checkingbefore, during and after filling.EN 10002–1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature.EN 10028–7, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 7: Stainless steels.EN 10120, Steel sheet and strip for welded gas cylinders.EN 10204:1991, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents.EN ISO 2409: 1994, Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test (ISO 2409:1992).EN ISO 2812-2, Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to liquids - Part 2: Water immersion method(ISO 2812-2:1993).EN ISO 3231:1997, Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to humid atmospheres containing sulfurdioxide (ISO 3231:1993).EN ISO 6520–1, Welding and allied processes - Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials -Fusion welding (ISO 6520-1:1998).EN ISO 7253, Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to neutral salt spray (fog) (ISO 7253:1996)ISO 4624, Paints and varnishes. Pull-off test for adhesion.ISO 11997–2, Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to cyclic corrosion conditions - Part 2: Wet (saltfog)/dry/humidity/UV light.3 Terms, definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1.1yield stressupper yield strength Reh for carbon steels or0,2% proof stress (non-proportional elongation), Rp0,2, for steels that do not exhibit a defined yield, and1% proof stress for stainless steels, Rp1,0



EN 14140:2003 (E)73.1.2normalisedcondition resulting from heat treatment in which a finished cylinder is heated to a uniform temperature above theupper critical point (Ac3) of the steel and then cooled under controlled conditions3.1.3stress relievedcondition resulting from heat treatment in which a finished cylinder is heated to a uniform temperature below thelower critical point (Ac1) of the steel and cooled in a still atmosphere, the object of which is to reduce the residualstresses without altering the metallurgical structure of the steel3.2 SymbolsaCalculated minimum thickness of the cylindrical shell, in millimetres.APercentage elongation after fracture.bCalculated minimum thickness of the end of the cylinder, in millimetres.CShape factor for ends (see Table 1 and Figure 2).DOutside diameter of the cylinder as given in the design drawing (see Figure 1), in millimetres.DpOutside diameter of a bend tests former (see Figure 8), in millimetres.eActual thickness of the material used, in millimetres.hHeight, in millimetres, of the cylindrical part of the end (see Figure 1).HOutside height, in millimetres, of the domed part of the end (see Figure 1).JStress reduction factor.lLength of the cylinder, in millimetres.LoOriginal gauge length of the test piece, in accordance with EN 10002-1, in millimetres.nRatio of diameter of bend test former to the thickness of the test piece, (see Table 5).PcCalculation pressure (1 bar = 105 Pa = 105 N/m2), used to calculate the minimum required thickness of thecylindrical shell and ends, in bar.PbMaximum pressure attained during the burst test, in bar.PtActual test pressure applied to the cylinder by the manufacturer, in bar.Ptmin Minimum permissible test pressure, in bar.rInside knuckle radius of the end, in millimetres.RInside dishing radius of the end, in millimetres.RgGuaranteed tensile strength guaranteed by the cylinder manufacturer for the finished cylinder, in newtons persquare millimetre.RoMinimum value of yield stress guaranteed by the cylinder manufacturer for the finished cylinder, in newtons persquare millimetre.



EN 14140:2003 (E)8RmActual value of tensile strength determined by the tensile test specified in 7.4, in newtons per squaremillimetre.4 Materials4.1Materials for shells and end pressings shall be:a) Carbon steel in accordance with EN 10120 or other appropriate standard providing they comply with the testsresults described in this standard, orb) Stainless steel in accordance with EN 10028-7.4.2All parts welded to the cylinder shall be made of material compatible with the cylinder material.4.3The welding consumables shall be such that they are capable of giving consistent welds. The strengthcharacteristics of the welds in the finished cylinder shall fulfil all requirements for the design and calculation of thecylinder.4.4The cylinder manufacturer shall obtain certificates showing the chemical analysis and details of themechanical properties of the steel supplied for the construction of the pressure retaining parts. The certificates shallbe in accordance with EN 10204:1991, certificate Type 3.1.B.4.5The manufacturer shall maintain a system of identification for the materials used in the fabrication in orderthat all materials for pressure parts in the completed cylinder can be traced to their origin.5 Design5.1 General requirements5.1.1The calculation of the wall thickness of the pressure parts shall be based on the yield stress of the material.5.1.2For calculation purposes, the value of the yield stress Ro is limited to a maximum of 0,85 Rg.5.1.3The calculation pressure (Pc) shall be:¾ for cylinders restricted to LPG with a vapour pressure not exceeding 16 bar absolute at 70 °C: Pc = Ptmin = 15 bar.¾ for all other LPG cylinders:Pc = Ptmin = 30 bar.5.1.4A fully dimensioned drawing including the specification of the material shall be produced.5.2 Calculation of cylindrical shell thicknessThe wall thickness (a) of the cylindrical shell shall be not less than:cocPJ)R( DPa+´´´=15For cylinders with a longitudinal weld:J = 0,9For cylinders without a longitudinal weld:J = 1,0



EN 14140:2003 (E)95.3 Design of torispherical and semi-ellipsoidal ends concave to pressure5.3.1The shape of ends shall be such that the following conditions are fulfilled:¾ for torispherical ends
R < D ; r
>
0,1 D ; h
>
4b (see Figure 1),¾ for semi-ellipsoidal ends H > 0,192 D ; h
>
4b
(see Figure 1),Key1 Torispherical end2Semi-ellipsoidal endNOTEFor torispherical ends the height H can be calculated using:)](2) [(])[()(22b r
b R
b R
b R HDD+-++´-+-+=Figure 1 — Illustration of cylinder ends concave to pressure



EN 14140:2003 (E)105.3.2The wall thickness (b) shall be not less than:cocP)R(C DPb+´´´=15In this formula, C is a shape factor, the value of which depends on the ratio H/D.The value of C shall be obtained from Figure 2 and Table 1 or Figure 3.Figure 2 — Values of shape factor C for H/D between 0,2 and 0,25



EN 14140:2003 (E)11Figure 3 — Values of shape factor C for H/D between 0,25 and 0,5



EN 14140:2003 (E)12Table 1 — Relationship between H/D and shape factor CH/DCH/DC0,251,0000,380,6120,260,9310,390,6040,270,8850,400,5960,280,8450,410,5880,290,8090,420,5810,300,7750,430,5760,310,7430,440,5720,320,7130,450,5700,330,6870,460,5680,340,6670,470,5660,350,6490,480,5650,360,6330,490,5640,370,6210,500,564NOTEIntermediate values can be obtained by linear interpolation.5.4 Ends of other shapesEnds of shapes other than those covered by 5.3 may be used provided that the adequacy of their design isdemonstrated by a fatigue test in accordance with 7.11 or by appropriate stress analysis.5.5 Minimum wall thicknessThe minimum wall thickness of each pressure part shall be the greater of that required by:¾ for cylindrical shells, 5.2 or that required to meet the tests described in 8.1,¾ for ends, 5.3 or 5.4, as appropriate, or that required to meet the tests described in 8.1.5.6 Design of openings5.6.1The location of all openings shall be restricted to one end of the cylinder.5.6.2Each opening in the cylinder shall be reinforced, either by a valve boss or pad securely attached bywelding. The suitability of the design of the reinforcement shall be confirmed by design calculations or a fatigue testin accordance with 7.11.5.6.3The welds of the openings shall be clear of circumferential joints.6 Construction and workmanship6.1 Welding qualification6.1.1Welding associated with the pressure envelope including non pressure-containing parts shall:



EN 14140:2003 (E)13¾ have a welding procedure specifications for all joints in accordance with EN 288-2, qualified in accordance withEN 288-3;¾ be done by welders approved in accordance with EN 287-1 and welding personnel in accordance with EN1418.The manufacturer shall maintain records.6.1.2Welding procedure approval tests shall be on welds that are representative of those made in production.6.1.3Welders shall have passed the approval tests for the specific type of work and procedure to be performed.6.2 Plates and pressed partsThe manufacturer shall ensure that pressure parts of the cylinders are of uniform quality and free from visibledefects, which may ultimately affect the cylinder integrity.I
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