EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.PHQWDFLMDKälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Teil 2: Konstruktion, Herstellung, Prüfung, Kennzeichnung und DokumentationSystèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement - Partie 2: Conception, construction, essais, marquage et documentationRefrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation27.200Hladilna tehnologijaRefrigerating technology27.080Heat pumpsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012en,fr,de01-julij-2012SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 378-2:2008+A2
May 2012 ICS 27.080; 27.200 Supersedes EN 378-2:2008+A1:2009English Version
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation
Systèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement - Partie 2: Conception, construction, essais, marquage et documentation
Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Teil 2: Konstruktion, Herstellung, Prüfung, Kennzeichnung und DokumentationThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 October 2007 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 March 2009 and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 16 April 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012: ESIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

Additional requirements for refrigerating systems and heat pumps with R717 . 48Annex B (normative)
Determination of category for assemblies . 49Annex C (normative)
Requirements for intrinsic safety test . 54Annex D (normative)
List of significant hazards . 56Annex E (informative)
Assessment of assemblies for compliance with directive 97/23/EC . 57Annex F (informative)
Examples for arrangement of pressure relief devices in refrigerating systems . 58Annex G (informative)
Checklist for external visual inspection of the installation . 61Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 62Annex ZB (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC . 63Annex ZC (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""" . 65Bibliography . 67 SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

including piping, components and materials and including ancillary equipment directly associated with such systems. It also specifies requirements for testing, commissioning, marking and documentation. In case the heat transfer fluid is not gaseous at atmospheric pressure, the requirements for circuits for heat transfer fluids are excluded except for any safety devices associated with the refrigerating system. It is not applicable to
refrigerating systems with air or water as refrigerant and does not cover the requirements for equipment to be used in a potentially explosive atmosphere. The following ancillary equipment includes:  fan and fan motor;  electrical motor and transmission for open compressor systems. This European Standard specifies the requirements relating to stationary and mobile refrigerating systems of all sizes, including heat pumps. Systems using refrigerants other than those listed in Annex E of #EN 378-1:2008+A2:2012$ are not cov-ered by this standard as long as a safety class is not assigned. Basic safety requirements for refrigerating systems as defined in EN 378-1 are applicable for this standard. Basic requirements for the installation site as defined in EN 378-3 apply. This European Standard is not applicable to refrigeration systems and heat pumps which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
refrigeration — Part 1: Tubes for piping systems EN 12735-2:2001, Copper and copper alloys — Seamless, round copper tubes for air conditioning and
refrigeration — Part 2: Tubes for equipment EN 12799:2000, Brazing — Non destructive examination of brazed joints EN 13136:2001, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Pressure relief devices and their associated pip-ing — Methods for calculation EN 13313:2001, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Competence of personnel EN 13445-1:2002, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 1: General EN 13445-2:2002, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 2: Materials EN 13445-3:2002, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 3: Design EN 13445-4:2002, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 4: Fabrication EN 13445-5:2002, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 5: Inspection and testing EN 13445-6:2002, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pres-sure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron EN 13445-8:2006, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 8: Additional requirements for pressure vessels of alumin-ium and aluminium alloys EN 13480-1:2002, Metallic industrial piping — Part 1: General EN 13480-2:2002, Metallic industrial piping — Part 2: Materials EN 13480-3:2002, Metallic industrial piping — Part 3: Design and calculation EN 13480-4:2002, Metallic industrial piping — Part 4: Fabrication and installation EN 13480-5:2002, Metallic industrial piping — Part 5: Inspection and testing EN 13480-6:2004, Metallic industrial piping — Part 6: Additional requirements for buried piping EN 13480-8:2007, Metallic industrial piping — Part 8: Additional requirements for aluminium and aluminium alloy piping #EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011$, Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Part 1: Vessels — General requirements #EN 14276-2:2007+A1:2011$, Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Part 2: Piping — General requirements #EN 16084, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — qualification of tightness of components and joints$ SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

refrigerating appliances, ice-cream appliances and ice-makers (IEC 60335-2-24:2002) EN 60335-2-34:2002, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 2-34: Particular
requirements for motor-compressors (IEC 60335-2-34:2002) EN 60335-2-40:2003, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 2-40: Particular require-ments for electrical heatpumps, air-conditioners and dehumidifiers (IEC 60335-2-40:2002, modified) EN 60335-2-89:2002, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 2-89: Particular
requirements for commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant condensing unit or compressor (IEC 60335-2-89:2002) EN 61000-6-1:2007, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-1: Generic standards — Immunity for
residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1:2005) EN 61000-6-2:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-2: Generic standards — Immunity for
industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2:2005) EN 61000-6-3:2007, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-3: Generic standards — Emission
standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-3-3:2006) EN 61000-6-4:2007, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-4: Generic standards — Emission
standard for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-4:2006) EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994) EN ISO 3746:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3746:1995) EN ISO 4126-1:2004, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure — Part 1: Safety valves (ISO 4126-1:2003) EN ISO 4126-2:2003, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure — Part 2: Bursting disc safety devices (ISO 4126-2:2003) EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 11202:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Survey method in situ (ISO 11202:1995) EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2:
Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

principles for design (ISO/DIS 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13850:2006, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006) ISO 817:2005, Refrigerants —Designation system ASTM D 4728:2006, Standard Test Method for Random Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers 3 Terms, definitions, designations, classification and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in #EN 378-1:2008+A2:2012$ apply. 3.2 Designations and classification Designation and classification of the refrigerant such as:  refrigerant number, e.g. R 717 and  safety groups A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3 are specified in #EN 378-1:2008+A2:2012$, Annex E. 3.3 Abbreviations DN Nominal size (see #EN 378-1:2008+A2:2012$, 3.5.17) PS Maximum allowable pressure in bar (1 bar = 0,1 MPa) (see #EN 378-1:2008+A2:2012$, 3.3.2) LFL Lower flammability limit in kg/m3
4 Significant hazards The list of significant hazards related to the Machinery Directive is given in Annex D. 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 General safety and/or environmental requirements 5.1.1 General Safety and environmental requirements are specified in 5.2 and Clause 6. Refrigerating appliances complying with the product standards such as  EN 60335-2-40 for electrical heat pumps, air-conditioners and dehumidifiers,  EN 60335-2-24 for refrigerating appliances, ice-cream appliances and ice-makers and SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

possible hazards to persons, property and the environment. Deliberate discharge of refrigerants shall only be permitted in a manner which is not harmful to persons, property and the environment and in accordance with national laws. 5.2 Safety requirements for components and piping 5.2.1 General requirements Components and piping shall comply with the related standards or requirements as indicated in Table 1. Requirements for components not included in Table 1 and which are below category II as defined in B.5 are indicated in 5.3. Where the product standards for components or piping are not harmonised for the EC provisions in relation to pressure or if the essential requirements of such provisions are not covered then, if relevant, compliance of such components or piping shall be proved and by risk assessment assure that the relevant requirements for pressure are met. If the relevant standards for those components listed in Table 1 does not cover requirements for electrical safety, than the electrical parts/ systems of these components shall fulfil the requirements for electrical safety as defined in EN 60335-2-40, EN 60335-2-24, EN 60335-2-89 or EN 60204-1 as relevant.
EN 60335-2-34 or prEN 12693 Open positive displacement compressor prEN 12693 Non positive displacement compressor EN 14276-1 or EN 13445 if applicable combined with EN 60204-1 Pump
General requirements
Additional requirements for pumps in refrigerating systems and heat pumps with R717
EN 809 combined with EN 60204-1, and combined with 5.2.2.2 and 5.2.2.5 of this standard Annex A Piping EN 14276-2 or EN 13480 piping joints permanent joints detachable joints
EN 14276-2 5.2.2.2 and 5.2.2.3 of this standard Flexible piping EN 1736 Valves EN 12284 safety valve EN 13136 and EN ISO 4126-1 combined with 5.2.2 of this standard safety switching devices for limiting the pres-sure EN 12263 combined with 5.2.2.2 of this standard isolating valves EN 12284 hand operated valves EN 12284 valves with seal cap EN 12284 Bursting disc EN ISO 4126-2 and EN 13136 combined with 5.2.2.2 of this standard Fusible plug EN 13136 combined with 5.2.2.2 and 5.2.2.4 of this standard Liquid level indicators EN 12178 combined with 5.2.2.2 of this standard Gauges EN 837-1, EN 837-2 and EN 837-3 combined with 5.2.2.2 of this standard Brazing and soldering materials 5.3.1.3 e), f) of this standard Welding materials EN 14276-2 If the component contains electrical components, and if the component standard does not cover electrical safety, then the component shall fulfil the electrical requirements of EN 60335-2-40, EN 60335-2-24, EN 60335-2-89 or EN 60204-1 as relevant. SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

standards also comply with the requirements of this standard. 5.2.2 Specific requirements 5.2.2.1 General In addition to the requirements of 5.2.1, following requirements are applicable for incorporation of specific components and piping into the refrigerating system. 5.2.2.2 Tightness If no test procedure is specified in the component standard, the tightness shall be assured by testing using a test method appropriate for the component and refrigerant, for details see 6.3.4. When required, some or all tests may be executed on the assembly (refer to 6.3). Tightness tests shall be conducted only after the component has passed a strength pressure test or has been verified by a type test. NOTE For guidance refer also to EN 1779:1999. #Based on the requirements in Clause 6, components require specified tightness control levels according to EN 16084.$ 5.2.2.3 Piping joints Joints shall be designed so that they will not be damaged due to the freezing of water on the outside. They shall be suitable for the pipe, the piping material and the pressure, temperature and fluid. Coated (e.g. galvanized) pipes shall not be welded, unless all coating has been completely removed from the joint area. Welded joints shall be suitably protected. 5.2.2.4 Fusible plugs The nominal melting temperature and work pressure of the fusible material shall be stamped on the non-fusible portion of the plug. 5.2.2.5 Refrigerant liquid pumps Refrigerant liquid pumps shall be provided with the following information as a minimum, which shall be durable and permanently affixed: a) manufacturer; b) type designation; c) serial number; d) year of manufacture; e) design pressure or maximum allowable pressure (PS). SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

refrigerant systems and heat pumps.
The relevant standards have to be considered. Restrictions for use of dangerous or hazardous substances and preparations shall be taken into account. NOTE For example as required in 76/769/EC ("dangerous substances") and 2002/95/EC (RoHS). 5.3.1.2 Ferrous materials The material of the component shall be suitable for the specified temperature and pressure range and
combination with the refrigerants applicable for that part. a) Cast iron and malleable iron Cast iron and malleable iron shall only be used, when suitable for the particular application in accordance with the requirements of this standard. NOTE 1 Since some grades of cast iron are brittle, their application is dependent on temperature/stress/design
considerations. NOTE 2 Malleable iron has two general classifications with several different grades in each. These can have very different mechanical properties. b) Steel, cast steel, carbon steel and low alloy steel Steel, cast steel, carbon steel and low alloy steel may be used for all parts carrying refrigerant and also for heat transfer medium circuits. Where there is a combination of low temperatures and high pressure and/or where corrosion risks and/or thermal stresses are present, steel with adequate impact strength shall be used paying regard to thickness, the lowest operating temperature and its welding properties. c) High alloy steel High alloy steel may be required where there is a combination of low temperatures and high pressure and/or where corrosion risks and/or thermal stresses are present. The impact strength shall be adequate for the
particular duty and the material suitable for welding, if required. d) Stainless steel When using stainless steel, care shall be taken to ensure that the grade of stainless steel is compatible with the process fluids and possible atmospheric impurities, e.g. sodium chloride (NaCl), sulphuric acid (H2SO4). 5.3.1.3 Non-ferrous materials and their alloys (cast, forged, rolled and drawn) The material of the component shall be suitable for the specified temperature and pressure range and combi-nation with the refrigerants applicable for that part. a) Copper and copper alloys Copper in contact with refrigerants shall be oxygen-free or de-oxidized (refer to EN 12735-1 and EN 12735-2). Copper and alloys with a high percentage of copper shall not be used for parts carrying R717 unless their compatibility has been proved by test or experience. SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

compatibility has been proved by test or experience. NOTE 4 Copper free lead antimony or lead tin alloys may be used for valve seats. 5.3.1.4 Non-metallic materials a) Gasket and packing materials Gasket and packing materials for sealing joints and for sealing stuffing boxes on valves etc. shall be resistant to the refrigerants, oil and lubricants used and shall be suitable for the pressures and temperatures occurring. b) Glass Glass may be used in refrigerant circuits and for electrical terminal insulators, indicators and sight glasses, but it shall be resistant to the pressures, temperatures and chemical actions which may occur. c) Asbestos Asbestos shall not be used. SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

 designed with a thickness according to standards of similar components of Table 1 and each compo-nent is strength pressure tested individually at 1,43 times the maximum allowable pressure, or  type approved by testing at 3 times the maximum allowable pressure, or  type approved by testing according to the fatigue test as described in 5.3.2.2 d). b) The strength-pressure test shall be carried out preferably by means of air or some other non-hazardous gas. Adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent danger to people and to minimize risk to property. A hydrostatic pressure test by means of water or some other liquid may be accepted under the condition that the refrigeration circuit shall not be contaminated. If the continuous operating temperature is less than or equal to 125 °C for copper or aluminium, or 200 °C for steel, the test temperature of the component part or assembly shall be at least 20 °C. If the continuous operating temperature of the component exceeds 125 °C for copper or aluminium, or 200 °C for steel, the test temperature of the parts or assemblies that are at these temperatures, and subjected to the pressure, shall be at least 150 °C for copper or aluminium and 260 °C for steel. For other materials or higher
temperatures, the effects of temperature on the material fatigue characteristics shall be evaluated. If the continuous operating temperature of the component exceeds 125 °C for copper or aluminium, or 200 °C for steel, the fatigue test temperature of the parts or assemblies that are at these temperatures, shall be at least 10 °K above the continuous operating temperature. Static test pressure shall be in creased by the ratio of allowable stress of material at room temperature to that at the highest continuous operating temperature. For other materials, the effects of temperature on the fatigue characteristics shall be evaluated to determine the test conditions. SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

1) pressure not less than three times the component’s maximum allowable pressure without
rupture,
or
2) the test as described in 5.3.2.2 d). d) Fatigue test Three test samples shall be filled with fluid, and shall be connected to a pressure-driving source. The pressure shall be raised and lowered between the upper and lower cyclic values at a rate specified by the manufacturer for a total number of 250 000 cycles. The entire specified pressure excursion shall occur during each cycle. Following test pressures shall be applied: NOTE For safety purposes, it is suggested that a non-compressible fluid should be used.  For components at the low pressure side you shall apply the maximum PS for the low pressure side for the first cycle. For components at the high pressure side you shall apply the maximum PS for the high pressure side for the first cycle.  The pressure for the test cycles shall be as follows: upper pressure value shall not be less than 0,7 × PS and the lower pressure value shall not be greater than 0,2 × PS. The upper pressure shall be 0,9 × PS, for water heat exchangers in heat pump.  For the final test cycle, the test pressure shall be increased to 1,4 × PS (2 times 0,7 × PS). The pressure shall be 1,8 × PS (2 times of 0,9 × PS), for water heat exchangers in heat pump. The component shall not rupture, burst or leak during this test. A strength pressure test at 2 × PS is to be performed on three samples, other than the samples used for the fatigue test. The component shall not rupture burst or leak during this test. 5.3.3 Marking For miscellaneous parts no special marking is required. SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

For hermetically sealed systems the use of non-metallic flexible hoses shall be limited to the following: The hoses shall be of class 1 according to EN 1736.
The total maximum length fulfil following equation:
[]yeargyearyearigim 200
xDigim10Di2jj2ii5,1<××+×××∑∑ SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

Li is the length of the flexible hose in [m] where the temperature of the refrigerant is lower than or equal to 32 °C; Lj is the length of the flexible hose in [m] where the temperature of the refrigerant is higher than 32 °C; Di is the internal diameter of the flexible hose in [m] where the temperature of the refrigerant is lower than or equal to 32 °C; Dj is the internal diameter of the flexible hose in [m] where the temperature of the refrigerant is higher than 32 °C.$ 6.2 Design and construction 6.2.1 General All components selected for the assembly of the refrigerant circuit shall comply with Clause 5. 6.2.2 Determination of the maximum allowable pressure 6.2.2.1 Maximum allowable pressure (PS) The maximum allowable pressure shall be determined by taking into account the following factors: a) maximum ambient temperature; b) possible presence of non-condensable gases; c) setting of any pressure relief device; d) method of defrosting; e) application (e.g. cooling or heating application); f) solar radiation; (e.g. impact on ice rinks during standstill); g) fouling. Based on the refrigerating system the designer shall determine the maximum allowable pressures in the different parts of the system taking into account a maximum ambient temperature as appropriate for the installation site. One of the following methods shall be used to determine the maximum allowable pressure (PS) of the different parts of the refrigeration system.  Method 1 Preferably, the designer shall document the determination of the maximum allowable pressure by
calculation or testing. Where temperature differences are calculated, the method shall be verified by
testing. For refrigerants used in the low temperature stage (with or without compressor) of a cascade system, the maximum allowable pressure PS shall be determined by the designer. The design shall include provision for normal and emergency standstill conditions.  Method 2 SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

temperature + 8 K High pressure side with
evaporative condenser
43 °C 43 °C 43 °C 55 °C Low pressure side with heat exchanger exposed to the outdoor ambient temperature 32 °C 38 °C 43 °C 55 °C Low pressure side with heat exchanger exposed to the indoor ambient temperature 27 °C 33 °C 38 °C 38 °C NOTE 1 For the high pressure side, the specified temperatures are considered the maximum which will occur during operation. This temperature is higher than the temperature during compressor shut down (standstill). For the low pressure side and/or intermediate pressure side, it is sufficient to base the calculation of pressure on the expected temperature during compressor standstill period. These temperatures are minimum temperatures and thus determine that the system will not be designed for maximum allowable pressure lower than the saturated refrigerant pressure corresponding to these minimum temperatures. NOTE 2 The use of specified temperatures does not always result in saturated refrigerant pressure within the system, e.g. a limited charge system or a system working at or above critical temperature, CO2 in particular. NOTE 3 For zeotropic blends the maximum allowable pressure (PS) is the pressure at the bubble point.
NOTE 1 The system can be subdivided into several parts (e.g. low and high pressure sides) for each of which there might be a different maximum allowable pressure. NOTE 2 The pressure at which the system or part of the system normally operates will be lower than the maximum allowable pressure PS. NOTE 3 Excessive stress can result from gas pulsations. NOTE 4 For determination of the ambient conditions IEC 60721-2-1 can be used. 6.2.2.2 Component design pressure The design pressure for each component shall not be less than the maximum allowable pressure of the system or part of the system. Compressors which meet the requirements of EN 60335-2-34 or prEN 12693 also comply with the require-ments of this subclause. 6.2.2.3 Pressure relationships to maximum allowable pressure Systems and components shall be designed to meet the pressure relationship given in Table 3. SIST EN 378-2:2008+A2:2012

maximum allowable pressure (PS) Design pressure ≥ PS Strength test pressure
according to 6.3.3 Tightness test pressure for assemblies according 6.3.4.2 Safety switching device for limiting the pressure for systems with relief
device, setting ≤ 0,9 × PS Safety switching device for limiting the pressure
...