EN 1756-1:2001

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2002
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Tail lifts - Platform lifts for mounting on wheeled vehicles - Safety requirements - Part 1:
Tail lifts for goods
Hubladebühnen - Plattformlifte für die Anbringung an Radfahrzeugen -
Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 1: Hubladebühnen für Güter
Hayons élévateurs - Plates-formes élévatrices a monter sur véhicules roulants -
Exigences de sécurité - Partie 1: Hayons élévateurs pour marchandises
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1756-1:2001
ICS:
53.020.99 Druga dvigalna oprema Other lifting equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 1756-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2001
ICS 53.020.99
English version
Tail lifts - Platform lifts for mounting on wheeled vehicles - Safety
requirements - Part 1: Tail lifts for goods
Hayons élévateurs - Plates-formes élévatrices à monter sur Hubladebühnen - Plattformlifte für die Anbringung an
véhicules roulants - Exigences de sécurité - Partie 1: Radfahrzeugen - Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 1:
Hayons élévateurs pour marchandises Hubladebühnen für Güter
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1756-1:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
page
Foreword.4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions.7
4 List of hazards.12
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures .20
5.1 General requirements.20
5.2 Working area .20
5.3 Manual effort .20
5.4 Operating speeds.20
5.4.1 General.21
5.4.2 Vertical speed.21
5.4.3 Closing and opening speeds.21
5.4.4 Tilting speed.21
5.5 Load stability.21
5.5.1 Tilt angle .21
5.5.2 Stop devices.22
5.6 Limitations of travel.22
5.7 Layout of wires and pipes.22
5.8 Unauthorised operation .22
5.9 Isolation of energy sources .22
5.10 Tail lift stowage .22
5.10.1 Indication .22
5.10.2 Security.22
5.11 Crushing and shearing.22
5.12 Structure working coefficients .23
5.13 Platform.23
5.13.1 Surface.23
5.13.2 Tail lift used as a link bridge.23
5.13.3 Visibility of platform .23
5.14 Drive systems.23
5.14.1 Unintentional movements.24
5.14.2 Mechanical suspension systems .24
5.14.3 Hydraulic systems .25
5.15 Safety devices .26
5.15.1 Safety mechanisms .26
5.15.2 Springs inside safety devices.26
5.16 Loading control.26
5.16.1 Prevention of lifting excessive loads.26
5.16.2 Excessive moment.26
5.17 Control devices .27
5.17.1 Hold-to run principle.27
5.17.2 Logic.27
5.17.3 Unintentional operation.27
5.17.4 One control device for several movements .27
5.17.5 Several control devices for one movement .27
5.18 Control positions .27
5.18.1 Multiple control positions .27
5.18.2 Location of control positions .27
6 Optional equipment .28
7 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures .28
8 Information for use .30
8.1 General.30
8.2 Tail lift used as a link bridge.31
8.3 Inherent risks associated with improper use .31
8.4 Location and nature of information for use .31
8.4.1 Marking on the tail lift.31
8.4.2 Handbooks .32
8.4.3 Inspection record.34
Annex A (informative) Tail lift mechanisms and types.35
A.1 Mechanisms .35
A.1.1 Parallelogram .35
A.1.2 Column.36
A.1.3 Telescopic .37
A.2 Types.37
A.2.1 Conventional : (full and part width) .37
A.2.2 Folding platform.38
A.2.3 Retractable .39
A.2.4 Rotary.40
A.2.5 Door mounted .41
A.2.6 Inset.41
A.2.7 Internally mounted.42
Annex B (normative) Crushing and shearing.43
B.1 General.43
B.2 Platform lifting and lowering .43
B.2.1 Two-hand control.43
B.2.2 Two-foot control.43
B.2.3 Toe guard.44
B.2.4 Hinged foot protector .45
B.2.5 Safety cut-out.46
B.2.6 Automatic toe protector .47
B.3 Platforms capable of lifting above vehicle floor level.48
B.4 Platform closure.48
B.4.1 Two-hand control.48
B.4.2 Safety cut-out.48
Annex C (informative) Structure and drive system.50
Annex D (normative) Drive systems - Steel wire ropes and chains.51
D.1 Recommended specifications of steel wire ropes .51
D.2 Dimensions of pulley grooves.51
D.3 Flare angle.51
D.4 Fleet angles .52
D.5 Pitch circle.53
Annex E (normative) Examples of controls logic .54
Annex F (informative) Marking.55
Annex G (informative) Unintentional operation .56
Annex H (normative) Verification by the installer.57
H.1 Compatibility between the lift and the vehicle.57
H.2 Static test.57
H.2.1 Deformation.57
H.2.2 Drift57
H.3 Dynamic test.57
H.4 Test of operation and safety function.57
H.5 Test to verify that the tail lift cannot lift excessive load.57
Annex I (informative) Overloads onto a platform at vehicle floor level .58
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with EU Directives .59
Bibliography .60
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 98 "Lifting platforms", the secretariat
of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by May 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by
May 2002.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s).
For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard.
This standard comprises two parts :
Part 1 relates specifically to tail lifts for goods (whether or not accompanied by an operator);
Part 2 covers the special requirements of tail lifts for passengers, including those with disabilities.
This part comprises ten annexes as follows :

annex A (informative) - Tail lift mechanisms and types ;

annex B (normative) - Crushing and shearing ;

annex C (informative) - Structure and drive system ;

annex D (normative) - Drive systems - Steel wire ropes and chains ;

annex E (normative) - Examples for logicality ;

annex F (informative) - Marking ;

annex G (informative - Unintentional operation ;

annex H (normative) - Verification by the installer ;

annex I (informative) - Overloads onto a platform at vehicle floor level ;

annex ZA (informative) - Relationship of this European Standard with EU Directives.
This standard includes a Bibliography.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard is a type C standard, as stated in EN 1070.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard.
While producing this standard, it was assumed that :

only trained persons operate the machine ;

components without specific requirements are :
a) designed in accordance with the usual engineering practice and calculation codes, Including all failure
modes,
b) of sound mechanical and electrical construction ;
c) made of materials, with adequate strength and of suitable quality ;
d) free of defects ;

harmful materials, such as asbestos are not used ;

components are kept in good repair and working order, so that the required dimensions remain fulfilled despite
wear ;

by design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the machine is assured for loading ranging from
zero to 100 % of the rated possibilities and during the tests ;

with the exception of the items listed below, a mechanical device built according to good practice and the
requirements of the standard, will not deteriorate to a point of creating a hazard without the possibility of
detection ;

the equipment is capable of operating correctly within a temperature range of -15 °C to + 40 °C ;

a negotiation takes place between the manufacturer of the tail lift and the installer for the characteristics of the
supporting wheeled vehicle (see also clause 6 of the standard), the fitting of the tail lift on the vehicle and
between the installer and the user relating to the specific conditions of the use, places of use of the machinery,
also some of the characteristics of the vehicle, the appropriate language ;

the working area is adequately lit (if lighting is not provided with the tail lift) ;

if the place of installations allows a vertical falling height of persons of more than 3 meters notwithstanding the
limited travel height indicated in the scope, means external to the machine are used to limit this failing height to
3 meters.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies safety requirements for design of tail lifts as defined in 3.1 for mounting on
wheeled goods vehicles. It also specifies the verification of such tail lifts and the safety information that shall be
provided for their use.
This European Standard deals with the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in clause 4 which can
arise during the operation of tail lifts when carried out in accordance with the specifications as intended by the
manufacturer or his authorized representative.
It applies to tail lifts :

used for the purpose of loading and/or unloading such vehicles ;

intended to be fitted, temporarily or permanently, either inside or on the front, side or rear of the wheeled
vehicle ;

driven either by hand or electric powered ;

equipped with a platform to support loads which comprise goods, an operator, or a combination of the two ;

with a maximum lifting height not exceeding 3 m above ground, the measurement shall be made when the
platform is unloaded ;

rotary type with a maximum lifting height not exceeding 2 m ;

used as a link bridge when intended by the manufacturer.
NOTE A tail lift should not be confused with a link bridge attached to a loading dock which is included within the definition
of a dock leveller and is outside the scope of this standard.
Loading and/or unloading operations include the use of a tail lift to lift and/or lower loads
This European Standard does not establish the additional requirements for :

operation in severe conditions (e.g extreme environmental conditions such as freezer applications, high
temperatures, corrosive environment, tropical environment, contaminating environments, strong magnetic
fields) ;

operations subject to special rules (e.g potentially explosive atmospheres) ;

supply by electrical networks and the electrical circuit ;

power take off part of the system ;

cable less remote control and electronic equipment ;

electromagnetic compatibility (emission-immunity) ;

static electricity problems ;

handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g molten metal, acids/bases,
radiating materials, specially brittle loads) ;

hazards occurring during installation, transportation, decommissioning ;

hazards occurring when handling suspended loads which may swing freely ;

requirement related to the use on public roads ;

wind pressure in and out of use ;

direct contact with foodstuffs ;

earthquake ;

lightning.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Basic terminology,
methodology.
EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Technical principles and
specifications.
EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Technical principles
and specifications (Amendment 1:1995).
EN 457, Auditory danger signals - General requirements - Design and testing.
EN 574:1996, Safety of machinery - Two hand control device – Functional aspects – Principles for design.
EN 811, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs.
EN 982, Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and components – Hydraulics.
EN 1005-3, Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery
operation.
EN 1050, Safety of machinery - Principles for risk assessment.
EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 2: Working platforms and
walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001).
EN 61310-1, Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and
tactile signals.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
tail lift
lifting device intended for installation on or in a wheeled vehicle and which is used for loading and/or unloading this
vehicle. The device consists essentially of a platform, a drive system, supporting elements and one or more control
positions
3.2
light tail lift
tail lift whose nominal load does not exceed 500 kg
3.3
link bridge
application of a tail lift in which the platform is used to span from its associated vehicle, to any elevated position
(that may be for example a dock or another vehicle), for the purpose of transfering loads to or from the vehicle
3.4
tail lift mechanisms
see examples in annex A (informative)
3.5
types of tail lifts
see annex A (informative)
3.6
wheeled vehicle
vehicle, or vehicle body which is intended for carrying goods and/or persons, for road, off-road or rail transport, but
excluding aircraft ground support equipment and/or marine applications
3.7
operator
any person given the task of operating the tail lift
NOTE This is a restricted version of the definition given in EN 292-1:1991.
3.8
manufacturer
one which makes the tail lift
3.9
travelling position
any configuration which the tail lift is intended to have while the vehicle is in motion
3.10
working position
any configuration of the tail lift in which the platform is intended to handle a load in an operating position
3.11
operating position
any configuration of the tail lift other than its travelling position
3.11.1
opening
any movement of the platform between a travelling position and a working position
3.11.2
closing
any movement of the platform from a working position to a travelling position
3.11.3
tilting
any angular movement to adjust vertically the platform when it is in a working position
3.12
working area
area on and around the platform and the controls
3.13
danger zone
any zone on, under or in the path of the platform as well as around any part of the mechanism in which a person is
exposed to risk of injury or damage to health
NOTE This definition shall not preclude the platform being a working area
3.14
platform width
dimension of the platform measured parallel to the edge adjacent to the vehicle in the position of Figure 1
3.15
platform depth
dimension of the platform measured perpendicularly to the edge adjacent to the vehicle in the position of Figure 1
Key
1 Platform depth
2Platform width
Figure 1 — Platform width and depth
3.16
platform vertical travel distance
distance between the lowest and the highest positions respectively the platform can assume when its surface is
horizontal (see Figure 2)
NOTE The travel distance is a different concept from the height.
Key
1 Vertical travel distance
Figure 2 — Platform vertical travel distance
3.17
vertical speed
platform vertical travel distance divided by the time taken by the platform to move through this distance
3.18
load
any mass applied to the platform surface. It includes payload plus any load handling equipment and the mass of
the operator if he is standing on the platform
3.19
maximum load
greatest permitted load as a function of the position of its centre of gravity on the platform as specified by the
manufacturer (see Figure 3)
3.20
nominal load
maximum load having its centre of gravity on the centre line of the platform and placed at a distance from the edge
adjacent to the vehicle in elevated working position of either half the platform depth or 600 mm, whichever is the
lesser distance (see Figures 3 and 4)
Key
1 Load
2 Distance
3 Maximum load
4 Nominal load
5 Distance as defined by the manufacturer
Figure 3 — Maximum and nominal load on the platform
Key
1 Centre of gravity of the load
2 Half platform depth or 600 mm
Figure 4 — Nominal load
3.21
control device
any device used to operate the tail lift
EXAMPLE button, switch, joystick, pedal, lever or a combination of these.
3.22
control position
any location equipped with the necessary control devices to allow the tail lift to be operated. In the case of portable
controls, the control position is any location in which the operator may stand when using the portable control
3.23
drive system
any devices used to generate the movements of the tail lift (see for examples annex C)
3.24
working pressure
pressure at which each components is designed to operate in steady-state lifting and/or tilting conditions
3.25
maximum working pressure
pressure resulting from transient conditions or from the application of permitted load to the platform for example
during link bridge operations or when the vehicle is standing on a gradient
3.26
installer
any person or organization fitting the tail lift onto the vehicle and commissioning it
3.27
trained person
designated person, suitably trained qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and provided with the
necessary instructions to enable the required operation, test and/or examination to be carried out safely
3.28
appropriate language
language of the country in which the tail lift's wheeled vehicle is first registered, or, by agreement with the user, a
language of the country in which the vehicle will be predominantly used
4 List of hazards
This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in
this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to
eliminate or reduce risk (see Table 1 based on EN 1050).
Table 1 — List of significant hazards
Clause Significant hazards Ap- Not Clause of this standard
plica Ap-
-ble plica
-ble
4.1 Mechanical hazards, due to :
- machine parts or workpieces, e.g. :
a) shape ; X 5.13.3
b) relative location X
c) mass and stability (potential energy X 5.5.2 ; 5.13 ; annex I
of elements which may move under the
effect of gravity)
d) mass and velocity (kinetic energy of X 5.4.2 ; 5.4.3 ; 5.4.4
elements in controlled or uncontrolled
motion) ;
e) inadequacy of mechanical strength X 5.12 ; 5.14.2.1 ; 5.14.2.2 ; 5.14.3.2 ;
5.14.3.3
- accumulation of energy inside the
machinery, e.g. :
f) elastic elements (springs) X 8.4.2.4
g) liquids and gases under pressure ; X 5.14.3.2 ; 5.14.3.3
4.1.1 Crushing hazard X 5.11 ; annex B
4.1.2 Shearing hazard X 5.11 ; annex B
4.1.3 Cutting or severing hazard X NOT DEALT WITH
4.1.4 Entanglement hazard X 5.14.2.1
4.1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard X 8.4.1 ; annex B
4.1.6 Impact hazard X 5.2 ; 5.4 ; 5.10.2 ; 5.13.3 ; 5.18.2
4.1.7 Stabbing or puncture hazard X
(continued)
Table 1 – List of significant hazards (continued)
Clause Significant hazards Ap- Not Clause of this standard
plica Ap-
-ble plica
-ble
4.1.8 Friction or abrasion hazard X
4.1.9 High pressure fluid injection or ejection X 5.14.3.2 ; 5.14.3.3
hazard
4.2 Electrical hazards, due to :
4.2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct X NOT DEALT WITH
contact)
4.2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have X NOT DEALT WITH
become live under faulty conditions
(indirect contact)
4.2.3 Approach to live parts under high voltage X NOT DEALT WITH
4.2.4 Electrostatics phenomena X
4.2.5 Thermal radiation or other phenomena X
such as the projection of molten particles
and chemical effects from short circuits,
overloads, etc.
4.3 Thermal hazards, resulting in :
4.3.1 Burns, scalds and other injuries by a X
possible contact of persons with object or
materials with an extreme high or low
temperature, by flames or explosions and
also by the radiation of heat sources
4.3.2 Damage to health by hot or cold working X
environment
4.4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in
4.4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other X
physiological disorders (e.g. loss of
balance, loss of awareness
4.4.2 Interference with speech communication, X
acoustic signals, etc.
4.5 Hazards generated by vibration
4.5.1 Use of hand-held machines resulting in a X
variety of neurological and vascular
disorders
(continued)
Table 2 — List of significant hazards (continued)
Clause Hazards Ap- Not Clause of prEN 1756-1
plica Ap-
-ble plica
-ble
4.5.2 Whole body vibration, particularly when X
combined with poor postures
4.6 Hazards generated by radiation
4.6.1 Low frequency, radio frequency radiation, X
micro waves
4.6.2 Infrared, visible and ultraviolet light X
4.6.3 X and gamma rays X
4.6.4 Alpha, bet rays, electron or ion beams, X
neutrons
4.6.5 Lasers X
4.7 Hazards generated by materials and
substances (and their constituent
elements) processed or used by the
machinery
4.7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of X
harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes and
dusts
4.7.2 Fire or explosion hazard X 5.9
4.7.3 Biological or microbiological (viral or X
bacterial) hazards
4.8 Hazards generated by neglecting
ergonomic principles in machinery
design as, e.g. hazards from :
4.8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort X 5.2 ; 5.3 ; 5.18.2 ; annex B
4.8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or X 5.2 ; 5.18.2 , annex B ; annex E
foot-leg anatomy
4.8.3 Neglected use of personal protection X 8.4.2.3
equipment
4.8.4 Inadequate local lighting X 5.2 ; 8.4.2
4.8.5 Mental overload and underload, stress X
(continued)
Table 3 — List of significant hazards (continued)
Clause Significant hazards Ap- Not Clause of this standard
plica Ap-
-ble plica
-ble
4.8.6 Human error, human behaviour X 5.17 ; 5.10 ; 8.4.1 ; annex B ; annex E
4.8.7 Inadequate design, location or X 5.17 ; 5.18 , annex B ; annex F
identification of manual controls
4.8.8 Inadequate design or location of visual X
display units
4.9 Combination of hazards
4.10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected over-
run/over-speed (or any similar
malfunction) from :
4.10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system X 5.8 ; 5.9 ; 5.15.1 ; 5.17 ; 5.18.1 ; 5.14 ;
annex D
4.10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an X 5.9 ; 5.17.1
interruption
4.10.3 External influences on electrical equipment X NOT DEALT WITH (E.M.C.)
4.10.4 Other external influences (gravity, wind, X NOT DEALT WITH
etc.)
4.10.5 Errors in the software X NOT DEALT WITH
4.10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to X 5.17.1 ; 5.17.2 ; 5.17.3 ; 5.17.4 ; clause 8 ;
mismatch of machinery with human annex E ; annex F
characteristics and abilities)
4.11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in X NOT DEALT WITH
the best possible conditions
4.12 Variations in the rotational speed of X
tools
4.13 Failure of the power supply X 5.9
4.14 Failure of the control circuit X 5.8 ; 5.9 ; 5.17 ; 5.18.1 ; 5.14
4.15 Errors of fitting X 8.4.2 ; annex H ;
4.16 Break-up during operation X 5.12 ; 5.13 ; 5.14 ; annex C ; annex D
4.17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids X 5.5 ; 5.4 ; 5.6 ; 5.13 ; 5.7 ; 5.14.1
4.18 Loss of stability / overturning of X 5.16; clause 6; annex I
machinery
(continued)
Table 4 — List of significant hazards (continued)
Clause Significant hazards Ap- Not Clause of this standard
plica Ap-
-ble plica
-ble
4.19 Slip, trip and fall of persons (related to X 5.2 ; 5.13
machinery)
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to mobility
4.20 Relating to the travelling function
4.20.1 Movement when starting the engine X
4.20.2 Movement without a driver at the driving X
position
4.20.3 Movement without all parts in a safe X 8.4.2.3 ; 5.10.1
position
4.20.4 Excessive speed of pedestrian controlled X
machinery
4.20.5 Excessive oscillations when moving X
4.20.6 Insufficient ability of machinery to be X
slowed down, stopped and immobilised
4.21 Linked to the work position (including
driving station) on the machine
4.21.1 Fall of persons during access to (or X
at/from) the work position
4.21.2 Exhaust gases/lack of oxygen at the work X
position
4.21.3 Fire (flammability of the cab, lack of X
extinguishing means)
4.21.4 Mechanical hazards at the work position
a) contact with the wheels X
b) rollover X
c) fall of objects, penetration by X 5.4 ; 5.5 ; 5.6 ; 5.13.1
objects
d) break-up of parts rotating at high X
speed
e) contact of persons with machine X
parts or tools (pedestrian controlled
machines)
(continued)
Table 5 — List of significant hazards (continued)
Clause Significant hazards Ap- Not Clause of this standard
plica Ap-
-ble plica
-ble
4.21.5 Insufficient visibility from the work positions X 5.2 ; 5.18 ; annex B ; annex E
4.21.6 Inadequate lighting X 5.2 ; 8.4.2.3
4.21.7 Inadequate seating X
4.21.8 Noise at the work position X
4.21.9 Vibration at the work position X
4.21.10 Insufficient means for evacuation / X
emergency exit
4.22 Due to the control system
4.22.1 Inadequate location of manual controls X 5.18 ; annex B
4.22.2 Inadequate design of manual controls and X 5.17.2 ; 5.17.3 ; annex E ; annex F
their mode operation
4.23 From handling the machine (lack of X
stability)
4.24 Due to the power source and to the
transmission of power
4.24.1 Hazards from the engine and the batteries X NOT DEALT WITH
4.24.2 Hazards from transmission of power X NOT DEALT WITH
between machines
4.24.3 Hazards from coupling and towing X
4.25 From/to third persons
4.25.1 Unauthorised start-up/use X 5.8
4.25.2 Drift of part away from its stopping X H.2.2
position
4.25.3 Lack or inadequacy of visual or acoustic X 8.4.1 ; 5.13.3 ; 5.17.3 ; 5.2
warning means
4.26 Insufficient instructions for the X 8.4.2.3
driver/operator
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to lifting
(continued)
Table 6 — List of significant hazards (continued)
Clause Significant hazards Ap- Not Clause of this standard
plica Ap-
-ble plica
-ble
4.27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous
events
4.27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping
caused by :
4.27.1.1 Lack of stability X 5.5 ; 5.6 ; annex I ; 5.2 ; 5.13
4.27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading – overloading – X 5.16 ; annex I
overturning moments exceeded
4.27.1.3 Uncontrolled amplitude of movements X 5.4
4.27.1.4Unexpected/unintended movement of X 5.5.2 ; 5.13 ; 6
loads
4.27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories X 5.5.2
4.27.1.6 Collision of more than one machine X
4.27.2 From access of persons to load support X
4.27.3 From derailment X
4.27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of X 5.12 ; 5.13 ; 5.14 ; annex D
parts
4.27.5 From inadequate design of pulleys, drums X 5.12 ; 5.14 ; annex D
4.27.6 From inadequate selection of chains, X 5.12 ; 5.14 ; annex D
ropes, lifting and accessories and their
inadequate integration into the machine
4.27.7 From lowering of the load under the control X
of friction brake
4.27.8From abnormal conditions of X 5.19 ; 8.3.1 ; 8.4.2 ; annex E ; annex F ;
assembly/testing/use/maintenance annex G ; annex H ; annex I
4.27.9 From the effect of load on persons (impact X
by load or counterweight)
4.28 Electrical hazards
4.28.1 From lightning X
4.29 Hazards generated by neglecting
ergonomic principles
(continued)
Table 7 — List of significant hazards (concluded)
Clause Significant hazards Ap- Not Clause of this standard
plica Ap-
-ble plica
-ble
4.29.1 Insufficient visibility from the driving X 5.18 ; annex B
position
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to underground work
4.30 Mechanical hazards and hazardous
events due to :
4.30.1 Lack of stability of powered roof supports X
4.30.2 Failing accelerator or brake control of X
machinery running on rails
4.30.3 Failing or lack of deadman's control of X
machinery running on rails
4.31 Restricted movement of persons X
4.32 Fire and explosion X
4.33 Emissions of dust, gases etc. X
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to the lifting or moving of persons
4.34 Mechanical hazards and hazardous
events due to :
4.34.1 Inadequate mechanical strength – X 5.12 ; 5.14.2.1 ; 5.14.2.2
Inadequate working coefficients
4.34.2 Failing of loading control X
4.34.3 Failing of controls in person carrier X
(function, priority)
4.35 Falling of person from person carrier X
...