EN 16276:2013
(Main)Evacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels
Evacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels
This European Standard specifies evacuation lighting in road tunnels longer than 500 m and with an AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic) higher than 500 vehicles to facilitate the safe evacuation of vehicle occupants in evacuation situations such as fire. It addresses the fundamental issues of evacuation lighting for evacuation routes, emergency exits and cross connections, as well as giving some practical advice regarding aspects of installation and maintenance in road tunnels. It is intended to be used in conjunction with CEN/CR 14380:2003 or relevant national standards for road tunnel lighting.
The recommendations may be applied to tunnels up to 500 m in length, especially where conditions such as high traffic volume, or severe curvature or gradient apply.
It specifies lighting levels and general provisions for evacuation lighting installations that, based on experience, are considered to be necessary for the safety of people driving through road tunnels in case of an incident and particularly in case of fire. However, as there are different types of road tunnels, both in construction and traffic conditions, various types of incident may occur. This standard should be considered as a list of minimum prescriptions for evacuation lighting in tunnels, to be completed by means of specific risk analysis for the particular tunnel.
The design of marking and safety signs is not part of this standard.
Evakuierungsbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln
Diese Norm legt Anforderungen fest an die Fluchtwegbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln, welche länger als 500 m sind und einen DTV (Jährlicher Durchschnitt täglicher Verkehr) von mehr als 500 Fahrzeugen aufweisen, um eine sichere Evakuierung von Fahrzeuginsassen in Ereignisfällen wie z. B. Feuer zu ermöglichen. Sie befasst sich mit den Grundbelangen der Fluchtwegbeleuchtung für Fluchtwege, Notausgänge und Querschläge; darüber hinaus gibt sie auch praktische Hilfestellung in Hinblick auf Installation und Unterhaltung der Fluchtwegbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln. Es ist vorgesehen die Norm in Verbindung mit der CEN/CR 14380:2003 oder mit einschlägigen nationalen Normen für die Beleuchtung in Straßentunneln zu verwenden.
Die Empfehlungen dürfen auch für Tunnel bis zu einer Länge von 500 m angewendet werden, besonders bei Gegebenheiten wie hohes Verkehrsaufkommen, scharfe Krümmungen oder Gefällstrecken.
Es werden Angaben zu Beleuchtungsniveaus und zu allgemeinen Bestimmungen für die Installation der Fluchtwegbeleuchtung gemacht. Diese basieren auf Erfahrungen, welche im Störfall und besonders bei Feuer als notwendig erachtet werden, um die Sicherheit von Personen, die durch den Straßentunnel fahren, sicherzustellen. Da es aber verschiede Arten von Tunneln gibt, die sich sowohl in der Bauart als auch den Verkehrsverhältnissen unterscheiden können und verschiedene Arten von Störfällen vorkommen können, sollte diese Norm als eine Liste von minimalen Vorschriften für die Fluchtwegbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln betrachtet werden, welche durch eine spezifische Risikoanalyse für den bestimmten Tunnel zu vervollständigen ist.
Die Ausführung der Kennzeichen und der Sicherheitszeichen ist nicht Teil dieser Norm.
Éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels routiers
La présente Norme européenne spécifie l'éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels routiers d'une longueur supérieure à 500 m et dont le TMJA (trafic moyen journalier annuel) est supérieur à 500 véhicules pour faciliter l'évacuation en toute sécurité des usagers lors de situations d'évacuation telles qu'un incendie. Elle traite des questions fondamentales relatives à l'éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation, des issues de secours et des galeries de communication. Elle donne également quelques conseils pratiques portant sur des caractéristiques d'installation et d'entretien dans les tunnels routiers. Elle est destinée à être utilisée conjointement avec le CEN/CR 14380:2003 ou les normes nationales pertinentes concernant l'éclairage des tunnels routiers.
Ces recommandations peuvent s’appliquer aux tunnels d’une longueur maximale de 500 m, en particulier ceux qui ont un volume de trafic élevé ou qui présentent des courbes ou des pentes importantes.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie des niveaux d'éclairage et des dispositions générales applicables aux installations d'éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation qui, par expérience, sont considérées comme nécessaires pour la sécurité des usagers des tunnels routiers en cas d'incident, et particulièrement en cas d'incendie. Cependant, puisqu'il existe différents types de tunnels routiers, à la fois en construction et en exploitation, différents types d'incidents peuvent survenir. Il convient de considérer la présente Norme européenne comme une liste des prescriptions minimales pour l'éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels, à compléter par une analyse des risques spécifique du tunnel concerné.
La conception du marquage et des signaux de sécurité ne relève pas de la présente norme.
Razsvetljava evakuacijskih poti v predorih
Ta evropski standard določa razsvetljavo evakuacijskih poti v predorih, daljših od 500 m in s povprečnim letnim dnevnim prometom (AADT), višjim od 500 vozil, za zagotavljanje varne evakuacije uporabnikov vozil v evakuacijskih situacijah, kot je požar. Obravnava osnovna vprašanja v zvezi z razsvetljavo evakuacijskih poti, izhodi v sili in navzkrižnimi povezavami ter podaja nekaj praktičnih nasvetov v zvezi z vidiki namestitve in vzdrževanja v predorih. Namenjen je za uporabo skupaj s standardom CEN/CR 14380:2003 ali ustreznimi nacionalnimi standardi za razsvetljavo predorov. Priporočila se lahko uporabljajo za predore do 500 m dolžine, zlasti kjer veljajo pogoji, kot je velik obseg prometa ali oster ovinek ali naklon. Določa ravni razsvetljave in splošne določbe za namestitev razsvetljave evakuacijskih poti, ki se glede na izkušnje štejejo kot potrebne za varnost ljudi, ki se vozijo skozi predore, v primeru nesreče in zlasti v primeru požara. Vendar ker obstajajo različne vrste predorov, ki se razlikujejo po načinu gradnje in prometnih pogojih, lahko pride do različnih vrst nesreč. Ta standard naj se uporablja kot seznam minimalnih predpisov za razsvetljavo evakuacijskih poti v predorih, pri čemer naj ga dopolnjuje specifična analiza tveganja za posamezen predor. Zasnova oznak in varnostnih znakov ni del tega standarda.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Razsvetljava evakuacijskih poti v predorihFluchtwegbeleuchtung in StraßentunnelnEclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels routiersEvacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels93.080.40Street lighting and related equipment93.060Gradnja predorovTunnel constructionICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16276:2013SIST EN 16276:2013en,fr,de01-maj-2013SIST EN 16276:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16276
January 2013 ICS 93.080.40 English Version
Evacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels
Éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels routiers
Evakuierungsbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 December 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16276:2013: ESIST EN 16276:2013
A–deviations . 13 Bibliography. 14
part of the road used by vehicular traffic, normally divided into lanes
3.1.3 vehicular cross connections (between tunnel tubes) vehicular carriageway connecting adjacent tubes SIST EN 16276:2013
Key 1 main tunnel 2 vehicular cross connection Figure 1 — Vehicular cross connection 3.1.4 pedestrian cross connections (between tunnel tubes) pedestrian route connecting adjacent tubes
Key 1 main tunnel 2 pedestrian cross connection Figure 2 — Pedestrian cross connection SIST EN 16276:2013
Key 1 main tunnel 2 emergency exit 3 outdoor 4 safety gallery 5 safe area 6 evacuation route outside the main tunnel 7 final exit 8 evacuation route within the main tunnel 9 carriageway Figure 3 — Tunnel construction examples 3.2 Road tunnel evacuation lighting terms 3.2.1 standby lighting
part of the normal lighting that maintains the tunnel lighting at a specific level in the event of a breakdown of the power supply Note 1 to entry: Standby lighting is called emergency lighting in CEN/CR 14380:2003. SIST EN 16276:2013
to provide guidance and visibility for drivers able to exit the tunnel in their vehicles (standby lighting); to provide guidance and visibility for people leaving their vehicles and evacuating the tunnel as pedestrians.
All the lighting systems described in this section shall be supplied from an uninterruptible power supply, in order to guarantee continuity of lighting. In emergency circumstances, the duration of the evacuation mode shall be in accordance with national requirements. If a national standard does not exist, a duration of at least 30 min is to be realised, or otherwise in accordance with the results of a specific evacuation study. Inspection and testing of tunnel evacuation lighting systems shall be made in accordance with EN 50172, unless existing national regulation states otherwise. 4.2 Driving task lighting 4.2.1 Carriageway For guidance on the appropriate carriageway lighting requirements to apply in the event of a breakdown of the normal power supply (standby lighting), reference should be made to CEN/CR 14380:2003, Clause 7 or to national recommendations or standards.
4.3 Pedestrian guidance 4.3.1 General When visibility is normal, the normal lighting or standby lighting of the main tunnel can be assumed to be adequate for this purpose. It has been observed that vehicle occupants tend to stay in their vehicles and are reluctant to leave at an early stage of an emergency. Specific systems instructing them to leave their vehicles are strongly recommended.
4.3.2 Evacuation route within the main tunnel In emergency circumstances, the main tunnel carriageway becomes a footway for fleeing pedestrians to the emergency exits. In any emergency, as a complement to the normal lighting or standby lighting, and in particular in situations where visibility is impaired, evacuation route marker lights are requested to provide tunnel users with guidance to facilitate their evacuation of the tunnel on foot towards the emergency exits.
The evacuation route shall be clearly and unambiguously marked with evacuation route marker lights at a spacing not exceeding 25 m and not higher than 1,5 m above the carriageway level. This shall be done at least on one side of the tunnel where the emergency exits are situated. Where there are three or more traffic lanes, consideration can be given to provide evacuation route marker lights on both sides of the tunnel, provided that clear direction is given towards emergency exits. At all times, evacuation route marker lights along the evacuation route shall be operational, either to be illuminated in an emergency, or permanently illuminated. Where the markers are permanently illuminated, in order to limit disability glare to drivers, the intensity in the critical directions shall be limited. For that purpose, luminou
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