EN 14985:2007

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2007
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Cranes - Slewing jib cranes
Krane - Ausleger-Drehkrane
Appareils de levage a charge suspendue - Grues a fleche pivotante
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14985:2007
ICS:
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 14985
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2007
ICS 53.020.20
English Version
Cranes - Slewing jib cranes
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Grues à flèche Krane - Ausleger-Drehkrane
pivotante
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 March 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14985:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 List of hazards.8
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures.12
5.1 General.12
5.2 Requirements for strength and stability .12
5.2.1 Selection of classification parameters .12
5.2.2 Selection of loads and load combinations.12
5.2.3 Determination of factor φφφφ .12
5.2.4 Stall load condition.13
5.2.5 Loads caused by acceleration.14
5.2.6 Jib side loading.14
5.2.7 Test loads .14
5.2.8 Conditions of use of permissible stress method and limit state method.14
5.2.9 Stability of rail mounted cranes .15
5.3 Electrotechnical equipment.16
5.3.1 Physical environment and operating conditions .16
5.3.2 Electrical supply .16
5.3.3 External protective earthing and equipotential bonding.16
5.3.4 Supply disconnecting and switching off.16
5.3.5 Protection against electric shock .17
5.3.6 Conductors and cables .17
5.3.7 Control circuits and control functions .17
5.3.8 Operator interface and mounted control devices .18
5.3.9 Electronic equipment .19
5.3.10 Control gear – location, mounting and enclosures.19
5.3.11 5.3.11 Electrical requirements for the installation of load handling devices .19
5.3.12 Electric motors.19
5.4 Non-electrotechnical equipment.19
5.4.1 General.19
5.4.2 Braking systems .20
5.4.3 Hoisting mechanism.21
5.4.4 Luffing system .21
5.4.5 Slew mechanism.22
5.4.6 Travel mechanism.23
5.4.7 Gear drives .23
5.5 Limiting and indicating devices .24
5.5.1 Rated capacity limiters.24
5.5.2 Indicators.25
5.5.3 Motion limiters .25
5.5.4 Performance limiters .25
5.6 Protection against special hazards.26
5.6.1 Hot surfaces .26
5.6.2 Radio equipment.26
5.6.3 Laser beams.26
5.6.4 Fire hazard.26
5.6.5 Exhaust gases .26
5.6.6 Fuelling.26
5.7 Man-machine interface.26
5.7.1 Controls and control stations .26
5.7.2 Guarding and access .27
5.7.3 Lighting.27
5.7.4 Reduction of noise by design .28
5.8 Equipment for information and warning.29
5.8.1 General .29
5.8.2 Location of visual display units.29
5.8.3 Safety colour.29
5.8.4 Warning lights.29
5.9 Personal protection equipment .30
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures .30
6.1 General .30
6.2 Fitness for purpose testing .33
6.2.1 General .33
6.2.2 Tests .33
7 Information for use.35
7.1 Instructions for installation and safe use .35
7.2 Driver’s manual.35
7.3 User’s manual .36
7.4 Instructions for regular checks, inspections and tests.37
7.5 Instructions for maintenance .37
7.6 Markings.38
8 Information to be obtained from the purchaser .38
Annex A (informative) Guidance for classification according to EN 13001-1.39
Annex B (normative) Load combinations.47
Annex C (informative) Calculation of stall load factor for indirect acting lifting force limiter .48
Annex D (normative) Noise test code for slewing jib cranes .50
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC.56
Bibliography.57

Foreword
This document (EN 14985:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety”,
the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by November 2007.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means for slewing jib
cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as mentioned
in Annex ZA.
Absolute safety of cranes cannot be ensured by design alone, as their operation depends on the skill of
operators, maintenance personnel and inspectors as well as on the numerous technical parameters relating to
the crane and its operating environment, which may have large scatter.
As many of the hazards related to slewing jib cranes relate to their operating environment and use, it is
assumed in the preparation of this European Standard that all the relevant information relating to the use and
operating environment of the crane has been exchanged between the manufacturer and user (as
recommended in
ISO 9374, Parts 1 and 4), covering such issues as, for example:
• clearances;
• requirements concerning protection against hazardous environments;
• processed materials, such as potentially flammable or explosive material (e.g. coal, powder type
materials).
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.

1 Scope
This European Standard applies to power operated slewing jib cranes mounted in one position or free to travel
on horizontal rails. It does not apply to wall mounted, pillar or workshop jib cranes. This European Standard is
not applicable to erection, dismantling operations, or changing the configuration of the crane.
This European Standard gives requirements for all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events
relevant to slewing jib cranes, when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer
(see Clause 4).
The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in
electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard.
This European Standard does not include requirements for the lifting of persons.
This European Standard is applicable to slewing jib cranes, which are manufactured after the date of approval
by CEN of this European Standard.
This European Standard is not applicable to slewing jib cranes which are manufactured before the date of its
publication as EN.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 294, Safety of machinery — Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs
EN 547-1, Safety of machinery — Human body measurements — Part 1: Principles for determining the
dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery
EN 547-2, Safety of machinery — Human body measurements — Part 2: Principles for determining the
dimensions required for access openings
EN 894-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators
— Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 894-2, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators
— Part 2: Displays
EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and
movable guards
EN 10002-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature
EN 12077-2:1998, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating
devices
EN 12644-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions
EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking
EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements
EN 13001-2:2004, Cranes — General design — Part 2: Load actions
CEN/TS 13001-3-1, Cranes — General design — Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel
structures
CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes
in reeving systems
EN 13135-1, Cranes — Safety — Design — Requirements for equipment — Part 1: Electrotechnical
equipment
EN 13135-2, Cranes — Equipment — Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment
EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fixed load lifting attachments
EN 13557:2003, Cranes — Controls and control stations
EN 13586: 2004, Cranes — Access
EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 11: Requirements for HV
equipment for voltages above 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V d.c. and not exceeding 36 kV (IEC 60204- 11:2000)
EN 60204-32:1998, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for
hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:1998)
EN 60825-1, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and user's guide (IEC
60825-1:1993)
EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 11201, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an essentially free
field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995)
EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment
— Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2:
Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)
EN ISO 13732-1:2006, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces – Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
EN ISO 13849-1, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
ISO 3864 (all parts), Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs
ISO 6336-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and
general influence factors
ISO 6336-2, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface durability
(pitting)
ISO 7752-4, Cranes — Controls — Layout and characteristics — Part 4: Jib cranes
ISO 8566-4, Cranes — Cabins — Part 4: Jib cranes
ISO 9374-4, Cranes — Information to be provided — Part 4: Jib cranes
ISO 12210-4, Cranes — Anchoring devices for in-service and out-of-service conditions — Part 4: Jib cranes
ISO 12488-4, Cranes — Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks — Part 4: Jib cranes
FEM 1.001:1998 (all booklets), Rules for the design of hoisting appliances
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following
apply.
3.1
rated capacity: m
RC
maximum net load (the sum of the payload and non-fixed load-lifting attachment) that the crane is designed to
lift for a given crane configuration and load location during normal operation
3.2
hoist load: m
H
sum of the masses of the load equal to the rated capacity, the fixed lifting attachment and the hoist medium
3.3
slewing jib crane
power operated crane designed for permanent installation, mounted in either a fixed position or free to travel
on horizontal rails, equipped with a jib which is able to rotate around a vertical axis
3.4
direct acting lifting force limiter
device that limits the force on the system to a specified level
3.5
indirect acting force limiter
device that measures the force on the system and activates a second device to stop the motion
4 List of hazards
Table 1 contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in
this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which
require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements
No. Hazard Relevant
(as listed in EN 1050) clause(s) in this
European
Standard
1 Mechanical hazards
1.1 Generated by machine parts or
workpieces, e.g. by:
1.1.1 shape
1.1.2 relative location 5.7.2
1.1.3 mass and stability 5.2
1.1.4 mass and velocity 5.4.4, 5.4.5,
5.7.1.3
1.1.5 inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.2
1.2 Accumulation of energy inside the
machinery, e.g. by:
1.2.1 elastic elements (springs)
1.2.2 fluids under pressure 5.3.1
1.2.3 the effect of vacuum
1.3 Elementary forms of mechanical hazards
1.3.1 crushing 5.1, 5.7.2, 7.2
1.3.2 shearing 5.7.2
1.3.3 cutting or severing
1.3.4 entanglement hazard
1.3.5 drawing-in or trapping hazard 5.7.2

- moving transmission parts
1.3.6 impact 5.5.3, 7.2
1.3.7 stabbing or puncture hazard
1.3.8 friction or abrasion hazard
1.3.9 high pressure fluid injection or ejection 7.4
hazard
2 Electrical hazards due to: 5.3
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct 5.3.5.1
contact)
2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have 5.3.5.2
become live under faulty conditions
(indirect contact)
2.3 Approach to live parts under high voltage 5.3.5.1
2.4 Electrostatic phenomena 5.3.3
3 Thermal hazards, resulting in:
3.1 burns and scalds, by possible 5.6.1, 7.5
contact of persons with objects or
materials with an extreme temperature,
by flames, by radiation etc.
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting
in:
4.1 Hearing losses 5.7.4, 7.3
4.2 Interference with speech communication, 5.7.4, 7.3
signals etc.
6 Radiation
6.0 External radiation See introduction
6.1 Low frequency, radio frequency radiation, 5.6.2
micro waves
6.2 Infrared, visible, UV-light
6.3 X and gamma rays
6.4 Alpha, beta rays, electron or ion beams;
neutrons
6.5 Lasers 5.6.3
7 Processed materials and substances,
used materials, fuels
7.1 Hazards from contact with harmful fluids, 5.6.4, 5.6.5,
gases, mists, fumes and dusts 5.6.6
See Introduction
7.2 Fire or explosion hazard See Introduction
8 Neglected ergonomic principles in
machine design e.g. hazards from:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive efforts 5.7.1.2
8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or
foot-leg anatomy
8.3 Neglected use of personal protection 5.9
equipment
8.4 Inadequate local lighting 5.7.3
8.5 Mental overload or underload, stress 7.3
8.6 Human errors, human behaviour 5.2.9.3, 5.4.1,
5.4.4.1, 5.4.5.2,
5.7.1, 7.1
8.7 Inadequate design, location or 5.7.1
identification of manual controls
8.8 Inadequate design or location of visual 5.8.2
display units
10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected 5.3, 5.5
overrun/over-speed (or any similar
malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/ disorder of control systems 5.7.1
10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an 5.3, 5.5
interruption
10.3 External influences on electrical 5.3.1.
equipment
10.4 Other external influences (gravity, wind 5.4.1.1/2,
etc.) 5.4.2.2,
5.4.4.1,
5.4.5.1/2
10.5 Errors in the software 5.3.9
10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to 5.5
mismatch of machinery with human
characteristics and abilities, see 8.6)
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine 5.4.5.1
in the best possible conditions
13 Failure of the power supply 5.3.2
16 Break-up during operation 5.2, 7.4, 7.5

17 Falling or ejected objects. or fluid 5.7.2

19 Slip, trip and falling of persons (related 5.7.2
to machinery)
Additional hazards and hazardous events due to mobility
20 Relating to the travelling function
20.1 Uncontrolled movement of crane when
starting the engine
20.2 Movement without a driver at the driving
position
20.3 Movement without all parts in a safe
position
20.4 Excessive speed of pedestrian controlled
machinery
20.5 Excessive oscillations when moving 5.2.8.6
20.6 Insufficient ability of machinery to be 5.4.5.1, 7.3
slowed down, stopped and immobilised
21 Linked to the work position (including
driving station) on the machine
21.1 Fall of persons during access to (or 5.7.2
at/from) the work position
21.2 Exhaust gases / lack of oxygen at the 5.6.5
work position
21.3 Fire (flammability of the cab, lack of
extinguishing means)
21.4 Mechanical hazards at the work position
- contact with the wheels 5.7.2
- fall of objects, penetration by objects
- contact of persons with machine parts
or tools (ped. contr.)
21.5 Insufficient visibility from the working 5.7.1.3, 5.7.3,
position 5.8.2
21.6 Inadequate lighting 5.7.3
21.7 Inadequate seating
21.8 Noise at the driving position 5.7.7, 7.3
21.9 Vibration at the driving position 5.2.8.6
21.10 Insufficient means of 5.6.4
evacuation/emergency exit
22 Due to the control system 5.4.1
22.1 Inadequate location of controls /control
devices
22.2 Inadequate design of the actuation mode 5.4.5.1, 5.7.1.1
and/or action mode of controls
25 From/to third persons
25.1 Unauthorised start-up/use
25.2 Drift of a part away from its stopping
position
25.3 Lack or inadequacy of visual or acoustic 5.8
warning means
26 Insufficient instructions for the driver /
operator
26.1 Movement into prohibited area 7.3
26.2 Tipping - Swinging 7.2, 7.3
26.3 Collision: machines-machines 7.3
26.4 Collision: machines-men 7.3
26.5 Ground conditions
26.6 Supporting conditions 7.3
27 Mechanical hazards and events
27.1 from load falls, collision, machine tipping
caused by:
27.1.1 lack of stability
27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading – 5.5.2
overturning moment exceeded
27.1.3 Uncontrolled amplitude of movements
27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of 5.7.1.1
loads
27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices / accessories
27.1.6 Collision of more than one machine
27.1.7 Two-block of hook to hoist
27.2 From access of persons to load support 7.2
27.3 From derailment
27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of
parts
Loss of mechanical strength, or 5.2, 7.4
inadequate mechanical strength
27.5 From inadequate design of pulleys,
drums
27.6 From inadequate selection/ integration
into the machine of chains, ropes, lifting
accessories
27.7 From lowering of the load by
friction brake
27.8 From abnormal conditions of assembly/ 7.1
testing/ use/ maintenance
28 Electrical hazard
28.1 From lightning 5.3.3
34 Mechanical hazards and hazardous
events due to:
34.1 Inadequate working coefficients 5.2, 5.5
34.2 Failing of load control 5.3.7

5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 General
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition,
the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100-1 and EN ISO 12100-2 for
relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this European Standard.
All the crane motions shall be electrically or hydraulically driven.
5.2 Requirements for strength and stability
5.2.1 Selection of classification parameters
Service parameters shall be selected in accordance with EN 13001-1 and used as the basis of design.
NOTE Guidance on the selection of classification parameters is given in Annex A.
5.2.2 Selection of loads and load combinations
The basic load combinations for the load calculation shall be selected in accordance with EN 13001-2:2004,
Table 10, using the descriptions given in Annex B.
The recurrence period according to EN 13001-2:2004, 4.2.4.2 for out of service wind shall be minimum
25 years.
5.2.3 Determination of factor φφφφ
The factor φ shall be determined according to the principles of EN 13001-2.
When experiments or analysis are used without reference to a hoisting class, the hoist speed applied shall be
as specified for the particular HD-class of EN 13001-2. Analysis shall cover all the dynamic and elastic
properties of the crane, including the hoist mechanism and the behaviour of the drive system.
Alternatively a slewing jib crane may be assigned to one of the hoisting classes HC1 to HC4 of EN 13001-2.
The class is dependent upon the vertical hoist load displacement δ. This hoist load m being applied statically
H
at the point of suspension and the resultant displacement δ takes account of the elasticity within the cranes
own structure and that of the rope system. The resultant HC class shall be determined as per Table 2.
Table 2 — Hoisting class selection
Vertical load
Hoisting class
displacement δ (m)
HC1
1,6 m ≤ δ
HC2
0,55 m ≤ δ < 1,6 m
HC3
0,20 m ≤ δ < 0,55 m
HC4
δ < 0,20 m
The load displacement δ shall be calculated using the appropriate maximum hoist load value without
amplifying factors.
The load displacement may vary for differing load/radius combinations and so result in different hoisting
classes. Account shall be taken of these variances in the design calculations.
5.2.4 Stall load condition
5.2.4.1 Cranes with direct acting lifting force limiter
The maximum force, F , which is applied to the crane when the direct acting lifting force limiter operates,
DAL
shall be calculated as follows:
F = φ ⋅m ⋅g
DAL DAL H
where
φ is the factor for the limit load setting;
DAL
m is the mass of the hoist load;
H
g is the acceleration due to gravity.
For hydraulic systems, the factor φ shall be less than, or equal to 1,4.
DAL
The force F shall be assigned to the load combination C1 of Table 10 in EN 13001-2:2004, and as a load to
DAL
line 13 in the stability combination C3 of Table 11 in the same standard.
5.2.4.2 Cranes with indirect acting lifting force limiter
The maximum force, F , which is applied to the crane, resulting from the operation of the indirect acting lifting
IAL
force limiter, shall be calculated as follows:
F = φ ⋅m ⋅g
IAL IAL H
where
φ is the load factor for the stall load condition;
IAL
m is the mass of the hoist load;
H
g is the acceleration due to gravity.
NOTE 1 The F represents the final load in the hoist system after the triggering has operated and the hoist motion is
IAL
brought to rest.
NOTE 2 Annex C indicates a method of calculation for the factor φ , as a function of specified crane and hoist
IAL
parameters.
The force F shall be assigned to the load combination C1 of Table 10 in EN 13001-2:2004, and as a load to
IAL
line 13 in the stability combination C3 of Table 11 in the same standard.
5.2.5 Loads caused by acceleration
For all crane drive motions, the change in load effects, ∆S, caused by acceleration shall be calculated
according to the following equation:
∆S = S - S
(f) (i)
where
S
(f) is the final load effect;
S
(i) is the initial load effect.
NOTE The change in load effects, ∆S, is caused by the change of drive force, ∆F , given by the equation: ∆F = F(f)
- F(i) , where F(f) is the final drive force and F(i) the initial drive force.
The change in load effects, ∆S, shall be multiplied by a factor φ and algebraically added to the initial load

effect, S , present before the change of drive forces (see EN 13001-2:2004, Figure 6). The resulting load
(i)
actions shall be calculated according to EN 13001-2.
For cranes without level luffing, account shall be taken of acceleration forces caused by operation of the
luffing motion.
5.2.6 Jib side loading
Design features which induce side loading on jibs shall be included with all applicable load combinations for
which calculations are performed, combined so as to maximise side loading.
NOTE In addition to slewing and wind effects, an example of a feature affecting side loading would be a reeving
arrangement that causes the hoist line to deviate from the jib centreline.
5.2.7 Test loads
The overload test load to be taken into account in calculation shall be as given in 6.2.
5.2.8 Conditions of use of permissible stress method and limit state method
5.2.8.1 General
Selection of allowable stress method or limit state method shall be made according to EN 13001-1 and
EN 13001-2.
5.2.8.2 Limit states and proof of competence of structural members
The limit states and proof of competence of structural members and connections shall be determined
according to CEN/TS 13001-3-1.
5.2.8.3 Limit states of mechanical components
Selection of ropes shall be in accordance with CEN/TS 13001-3-2.
EN standard for the selection of rail wheels is under preparation. While the appropriate standard is not
available, the rail wheels and rails shall be selected according to FEM 1.001:1998, 10.01, 4.2.4 as amended in
booklet 9, 9.12.
5.2.8.4 Proof of strength of lifting points
Lifting points (holes and lugs) used for erection and maintenance purposes shall be calculated by either
 using theory of plasticity with a minimum factor of 4 and welds to structures with a minimum factor of
5 against ultimate strength of steel. To justify the use of this theory, the elongation A according to
EN 10002-1 of the materials shall be at least 15 %, or
 using the theory of elasticity.
5.2.8.5 Elastic deformation
The elastic deformations of the crane structure shall not have a detrimental influence on the functioning of the
crane.
5.2.8.6 Vibration frequencies
To avoid uncomfortable vibrations for the operator in the cabin the natural frequency of the structure
supporting the cabin shall not be less than 2 Hz.
5.2.9 Stability of rail mounted cranes
5.2.9.1 General requirements
Proof of stability of the crane shall be according to principles and load combinations of EN 13001-2.
A slewing jib crane is considered to be stable, if the overturning moment is smaller than the stabilising
moment about any tipping axis.
Basic crane configuration is assuming a rail-mounted crane standing on four or more corners and with all legs
rigid.
5.2.9.2 Special crane configurations
An additional risk coefficient γ shall be applied for all non-favourable loads of Table 11 in EN 13001-2:2004
n
based upon the leg and portal configuration of the crane as follows:
A. cranes standing on three corners  γ = 1,10
n
B. cranes with a hinged leg in one or more of the corners
- hinged leg corner lifting up   γ = 1,10
n
- fixed leg corner lifting up   γ = 1,22
n
5.2.9.3 Design of tie-downs
If the stability of the crane does not meet the requirements of EN 13001-2 for storm wind conditions, it shall be
equipped with tie-downs designed with the partial load factors according to that same standard. Additionally,
when relevant, the risk coefficients according to 5.2.9.2 shall be applied in assessing the loads on the crane.
The material resistance factors γ for design of tie-downs and their fastening points shall be taken as follows:
m
- for steel sections    γ = 1,34;
m
- for wire ropes and chains  γ = 2,50.
m
5.3 Electrotechnical equipment
5.3.1 Physical environment and operating conditions
The electrical equipment shall be suitable for use in the physical environment and operating conditions
specified in 4.4 of EN 60204-32:1998.
When the physical environment or the operating conditions are outside those specified above the specification
of the electrical equipment shall be amended accordingly. Attention should be given to wind chill effects and
solar heat gain.
5.3.2 Electrical supply
The electrical equipment shall be designed to operate in accordance with the provisions of 4.3
of EN 60204-32:1998.
High voltage equipment (exceeding 1 kV AC or 1,5 kV DC) shall comply with EN 60204-11. All references to
EN 60204-1 in EN 60204-11 shall be considered as references to the respective clauses in EN 60204.
Where a collector system is used for the incoming supply and it cannot be totally enclosed to prevent danger
to personnel and damage by the operation of the crane or associated activities, the provisions of 13.8.1 of
EN 60204-32:1998 shall apply.
NOTE Where reasonably practicable a crane should be connected to a single power supply. Exceptions being very
large cranes or cranes with on board generators where a secondary supply, usually of a limited capacity, may be provided
for maintenance, limited operational applications (e.g. positioning or standby heating).
All conductors shall be clearly identifiable at each termination in accordance with 14.2 EN 60204-32:1998.
Additional provisions as specified in 5.1 of EN 60204-32:1998 shall apply.
5.3.3 External protective earthing and equipotential bonding
Each incoming supply shall include a protective earthing conductor, which shall be connected to the crane
rails, crane structure and the electrical equipment in accordance with the provisions of 5.2 and Clause 8 of
EN 60204-32:1998.
5.3.4 Supply disconnecting and switching off
The supply disconnection and switching off functions shall be performed by the following devices:
 crane-supply-switch;
 crane-disconnector;
 crane-switch.
These devices shall conform to 5.3 of EN 60204-32:1998. The crane supply switch shall be capable of being
locked in the off position.
Where it is necessary to work on individual parts of the electrical equipment of a hoisting machine, additional
disconnecting devices shall be provided for each part requiring separate isolation. Such devices shall comply
with 5.4 to 5.6 of EN 60204-32:1998.
5.3.5 Protection against electric shock
5.3.5.1 Protection against electric shock by direct contact
Protection against electric shock by direct contact shall comply with EN 60204-32:1998, 6.2 as amended
below.
Protection by barriers is only acceptable in areas restricted to skilled personnel undertaking maintenance work.
Protection by placing out of reach shall not be used.
5.3.5.2 Protection against electric shock by indirect contact
Protection against electric shock by indirect contact shall comply with EN 60204-32:1998, 6.3 or 6.4 as
amended below.
Protection by electrical separation shall not be used.
5.3.6 Conductors and cables
5.3.6.1 General
Conductors and cables shall be suitable for the operating conditions and external influences that can exist and
be installed so as to avoid mechanical damage or be suitably protected. They shall comply with 13.1 to 13.7.3
of EN 60204-32:1998.
5.3.6.2 Collector wires, collector bars and slip-ring assemblies
Collector wires, collector bars and slip-ring assemblies shall where practicable be totally enclosed so as to
prevent danger to personnel and damage by the operation of the crane or associated activities. Where this
can not be achieved the provisions of 13.8.1 of EN 60204-32:1998 shall apply. In addition they shall also
comply with the provisions of 13.8.2 to 13.8.8 of EN 60402-32:1998.
5.3.6.3 Wiring practice
Wiring practices shall comply with Clause 14 of EN 60204-32:1998.
5.3.7 Control circuits and control functions
5.3.7.1 General
The provisions of Clause 9 of EN 60204-32:1998 shall apply as amended by 5.3.7.2 and 5.3.7.3 of this European
Standard.
Control system(s) for the control of crane movements shall be designed to conform to the following:
— electromechanical control circuits: category 1 of EN ISO 13849-1;
— electronically controlled safety related parts of control circuits:
either
to conform to category 2 or 3 of EN ISO 13849-1, dep
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