prEN ISO 21043-1

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2024
Forenzične znanosti - 1. del: Izrazi in definicije (ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024)
Forensic sciences - Part 1: Terms and definitions (ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024)
Forensik - Teil 1: Begriffe und Definitionen (ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024)
Criminalistique - Partie 1: Termes et définitions (ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 21043-1
ICS:
01.040.07 Naravoslovne in uporabne Natural and applied sciences
vede (Slovarji) (Vocabularies)
07.140 Forenzika Forensic science
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 21043-1
ISO/TC 272
Forensic sciences —
Secretariat: SA
Part 1:
Voting begins on:
Terms and definitions 2024-05-03
Voting terminates on:
Criminalistique —
2024-07-26
Partie 1: Termes et définitions
ICS: 07.140; 01.040.07
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
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Reference number
ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
DRAFT
ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 21043-1
ISO/TC 272
Forensic sciences —
Secretariat: SA
Part 1:
Voting begins on:
Terms and definitions
Voting terminates on:
Criminalistique —
Partie 1: Termes et définitions
ICS: 07.140; 01.040.07
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
© ISO 2024
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
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Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
ii
ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Annex A (informative) The forensic process . 9
Bibliography .11

iii
ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent
rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of
patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
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constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL:
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 272, Forensic sciences.
The following is a list of all parts in the ISO 21043 series:
ISO 21043-1, Forensic Sciences – Part 1: Terms and definitions
ISO 21043- 2, Forensic Sciences – Part 2: Recognition, recording, collection, transport and storage of items
ISO 21043- 3, Forensic Sciences – Part 3: Analysis
ISO 21043- 4, Forensic Sciences – Part 4: Interpretation
ISO 21043-5, Forensic Sciences – Part 5: Reporting

iv
ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
Introduction
This document is part of a series of five that includes the different components of the forensic process from
scene to courtroom (as illustrated in Figure A.1).
This document provides a vocabulary that standardizes the use and meaning of terms associated with the
forensic sciences. These terms are drawn from standard terms used in the forensic science processes, as
contained in the core forensic standards developed to date. Discipline-specific standards will include their
own specific vocabulary.
This document is organized alphabetically and follows natural (English) word order wherever possible. The
source documents for the definitions are International Standards developed by ISO/TC 272. Where possible,
users are advised to verify whether a more recent edition of the source document has been published, which
contains an updated version of the terms and definitions. Future versions of this document will include
updated terms and definitions consistent with the source documents at the time the revision is prepared.
This document is for information only. It does not contain requirements or recommendations.

v
DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
Forensic sciences —
Part 1:
Terms and definitions
1 Scope
This document defines terms used in the ISO 21043 series of standards.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references cited in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
administrative review
evaluation of records (3.51) to verify consistency with administrative policies and editorial correctness
3.2
analysis
part of the examination (3.18) consisting of detecting and/or measuring and/or comparing properties of
items (3.34) in order to obtain observations (3.37)
Note 1 to entry: Analysis can be instrumental, human-perception-based, or a combination of the two.
3.3
analytical strategy
choice of methods (3.36) and the sequence of analysis (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: An analytical strategy is based in part on relevant case questions and background information.
3.4
area of expertise
discipline in which an examiner (3.20) is competent
3.5
case file
forensic service provider’s (3.27) collection of all records (3.51) detailing the forensic process (3.26) including
reports (3.57) related to a case

ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
3.6
categorical opinion
opinion (3.38) that, in the examiner’s (3.20) judgement, one proposition (3.45)/ explanation (3.21) is true and
it would be impossible to obtain the observations (3.37) if any of the alternative propositions / explanations
considered were true
EXAMPLE 1 In the examiner’s (3.20) judgement the shoe did not make the questioned shoemark.
EXAMPLE 2 In the examiner’s (3.20) judgement the cartridge case is of Smith and Wesson brand.
3.7
chain of custody
chronological record (3.51) of the transfer, handling and storage of an item (3.34) from its point of collection
to its final return or disposal
3.8
classification
assigning an item (3.34) to one of a number of distinct predefined groups based on shared properties
Note 1 to entry: If classes are defined directly by observations (3.37) that do not require interpretation (3.31), classification
(3.8) can be performed independent of the examiner (3.20) and the requirements of ISO 21043-4 do not apply.
3.9
cognitive bias
unconscious deviation from rationality in human judgment caused by influences on, and limitations of,
human information processing
3.10
consumable
single use or limited use material which is used in the forensic process (3.26)
3.11
contamination
introduction, at any point in the forensic process (3.26), of unwanted substances, unwanted data, or unwanted
information that could impact observations (3.37) or opinions (3.38)
Note 1 to entry: This includes undesirable transfer of a substance within an item or between items (3.34) (also referred
to as cross-contamination).
3.12
control sample
material with known properties, analyzed in order to assess the reliability of observations (3.37)
3.13
customer
authority, organization or person(s) requesting the forensic (3.25) services
3.14
document (noun)
information and the medium on which it is stored
EXAMPLE Specification, procedure (3.43), policy, method (3.36), instruction, form, drawing, record (3.51), report
(3.57), standard, flowchart.
Note 1 to entry: The medium can be paper, magnetic, an electronic or optical computer disc, a photograph, or a
combination thereof.
Note 2 to entry: A set of documents, for example specifications and records (3.51), is frequently called “documentation”.
[SOURCE: ISO 9000, modified – Definition terminology, example and note to entry have been modified.]

ISO/DIS 21043-1:2024(en)
3.15
document control
system used to ensure traceability and to establish, identify, approve, issue, maintain, distribute, use, amend,
revise, store, protect, secure, retrieve, retain and dispose of documents (3.14)
Note 1 to entry: Compare with record control (3.52).
3.16
enhancement
process to reveal, intensify, magnify or clarify a property of an item (3.34)
3.17
evaluative interpretation
interpretation (3.31) guided by a set of relevant propositions (3.45) and aimed at generating likelihood ratios (3.35)
Note 1 to entry: Evaluative interpretation can be used in a judicial setting or in an investigation.
3.18
examination
part of the forensic process (3.26) consisting of the recovery (3.53) and analysis (3.2) of items (3.34), and the
interpretation (3.31) of observations (3.37) obtained from the analysis (3.2) of items
Note 1 to entry: See Annex A for a flowchart of the forensic process.
3.19
examination strategy
choice and sequence of methods (3.36) for the examination (3.18)
Note 1 to entry: Note1 to entry: An examination strategy is based in part on relevant case questions and background
information.
Note 2 to entry: An examination strategy can be applied to an examination (3.18) of a scene (3.60), the examination
(3.18) of items (3.34) or sequential multi-discipline examination (3.18) of items.
3.20
examiner
individual who conducts forensic (3.25) examinations (3.18)
3.21
exp
...