prEN 14492-2

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2026
Dvigi - Motorni vitli in dvižni mehanizmi - 2. del: Motorni dvižni mehanizmi
Cranes - Power driven winches and hoists - Part 2: Power driven hoists
Krane - Kraftgetriebene Winden und Hubwerke - Teil 2: Kraftgetriebene Hubwerke
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Treuils et palans motorises - Partie 2 : Palans
et treuils de levage motorisés
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 14492-2
ICS:
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2026
ICS 53.020.20 Will supersede EN 14492-2:2019
English Version
Cranes - Power driven winches and hoists - Part 2: Power
driven hoists
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Treuils et Krane - Kraftgetriebene Winden und Hubwerke - Teil
palans motorises - Partie 2 : Palans et treuils de levage 2: Kraftgetriebene Hubwerke
motorisés
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 147.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 14492-2:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions . 11
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 15
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 16
4.1 General. 16
4.2 Classification. 16
4.3 Design . 17
4.4 Additional requirements. 17
4.5 Devices . 18
4.5.1 Control devices . 18
4.5.2 Rated capacity limiters and indicators . 18
4.5.3 Emergency stop function . 23
4.5.4 Hoisting and lowering limiters . 24
4.5.5 Safety-related functions . 24
4.5.6 Tandem operation from a single control station . 25
4.6 Couplings. 25
4.7 Brakes for hoisting and lowering movements . 25
4.8 Gearbox . 27
4.9 Load hooks . 27
4.10 Rope drives . 27
4.10.1 General. 27
4.10.2 Rope drum . 27
4.10.3 Ropes . 28
4.10.4 Rope sheaves . 29
4.10.5 Rope guides/rope runs . 29
4.10.6 Rope fastening onto the rope drum . 29
4.10.7 Rope anchorage . 29
4.10.8 Compensating lever . 29
4.10.9 Rope end terminations . 30
4.10.10 Traction hoists . 30
4.11 Chain drives . 31
4.11.1 General. 31
4.11.2 Chains . 31
4.11.3 Chain guides . 31
4.11.4 Chain anchorage . 31
4.11.5 Securing the chain from running off . 31
4.12 Belt drives . 31
4.12.1 General. 31
4.12.2 Belts . 31
4.12.3 Belt guide, pulleys and drum . 32
4.12.4 Fastening to the drum . 32
4.12.5 Belt anchorage . 32
4.13 Pneumatic equipment . 32
4.13.1 General . 32
4.13.2 Energy converters . 33
4.13.3 Control devices/controls . 33
4.13.4 Control units/control systems . 33
4.13.5 Protective measures . 33
4.14 Hydraulic equipment . 34
4.14.1 General . 34
4.14.2 Materials and auxiliary materials . 34
4.14.3 Energy converters . 35
4.14.4 Connecting elements and accessories . 35
4.14.5 Control devices/controls . 36
4.14.6 Protective measures . 36
4.15 Trolleys . 37
4.15.1 General . 37
4.15.2 Braking . 38
4.15.3 Operating chains (hand chain) . 38
4.15.4 Derailment safety device . 38
4.16 Electrical equipment of hoists and their trolleys . 39
4.16.1 General . 39
4.16.2 Electrical supply . 39
4.16.3 Ambient and operating conditions. 39
4.16.4 Supply disconnecting (isolating) and switching devices . 39
4.16.5 Overload protection of motors . 40
4.16.6 Emergency stop function . 40
4.16.7 Electric motors . 40
4.16.8 Electric motion limiters . 41
4.16.9 Communications network . 41
4.17 Reduction of noise by design . 42
4.17.1 General . 42
4.17.2 Main noise sources on hoist units . 42
4.17.3 Measures for noise reduction at source . 42
4.17.4 Protective measures . 42
4.18 Hoists for use in potentially explosive atmosphere . 43
4.19 Equipment for warning . 43
4.19.1 General . 43
4.19.2 Warning markings . 43
4.19.3 Acoustic warning means . 43
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 43
5.1 Hoists manufactured in series . 43
5.2 Hoists designed individually . 43
6 Information for use . 52
6.1 General . 52
6.2 Specific requirements . 52
6.3 Marking . 54
Annex A (normative) Classification . 56
A.1 General hoist class . 56
A.2 Class for average hoisting displacement . 58
A.3 Class for average traversing displacement . 59
Annex B (informative) Guidance on hoist classification . 60
Annex C (normative) Additional requirements for high risk applications . 64
Annex D (normative) Additional requirements for Power driven hoists designed for holding
stationary loads above persons . 65
Annex E (normative) Additional requirements for hoists intended to be used in potentially
explosive atmospheres . 66
E.1 General. 66
E.2 Avoidance or reduction of ignition sources . 66
E.3 Marking . 67
E.4 Maintenance . 67
Annex F (informative) Additional requirements for operation in aggressive environments
and outdoors. 68
F.1 General. 68
F.2 Ropes and chains. 68
Annex G (informative) Additional requirements for operation at low temperatures . 70
Annex H (informative) List of significant hazards . 71
H.1 General. 71
Annex I (normative) Power driven series hoist mechanisms – Test procedure for verification
of the classification . 77
I.1 Introduction . 77
I.2 Application . 77
I.3 Implementation of the test . 77
I.4 Acceptance criteria. 81
I.5 Determination of load variation factor according to reeving . 82
I.6 Conversion of Classification of hoists which are classified according to previous
standards . 83
Annex J (informative) Values of ϕ , ϕ for different types of rated capacity limiters . 87
IAL DAL
Annex K (informative) Number of starts and cyclic duration factor of motors . 89
Annex L (normative) Noise test code . 90
L.1 Scope . 90
L.2 General. 90
L.3 Determination of the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the operator’s
position by measurement . 90
L.4 Determination of the sound power level . 91
L.5 Mounting and operation conditions. 91
L.6 Uncertainties . 92
L.7 Information to be recorded . 93
L.8 Information to be reported . 93
L.9 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 93
Annex M (normative) Design calculation parameters for chains . 94
M.1 General . 94
M.2 Chain mean stresses . 94
M.3 Design factor c . 95
M.4 Working and dynamic coefficients . 95
Annex N (informative) Overview of standards published by CEN/TC 147 . 96
N.1 General . 96
N.2 Selecting a suitable standard . 96
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered . 98
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
health and safety requirements of Directive 2014/34/EU aimed to be covered . 101
Bibliography . 104
European foreword
This document (prEN 14492-2:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes-
Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by SFS.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 14492-2:2019.
EN 14492-2:2019:
— update of reference documents and cross-references;
— revision of grammar and linguistic consistency;
— revision of the List of significant hazards and its inclusion in Annex H;
— split of subclause 5.1 into subclauses 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 ;
— addition of new subclauses 4.5.6, 4.16.3.3 and 4.16.9 ;
— removal of Annex A ;
— re-numbering of clauses and Annexes;
— revision of Annexes E, N, ZA, ZB and Bibliography.
This is the second part of the standard “Cranes — Power driven winches and hoists”. The parts of the
standard are:
— Part 1: Power driven winches;
— Part 2: Power driven hoists [the present document].
For the relationship with other European Standards for cranes, see Annex N.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA and Annex ZB, which are an integral
part of this document.
Introduction
This document has been prepared to be harmonized standard to provide one means for power driven
hoists to conform to the essential health and safety requirements of the Regulation (EU) 2023/1230
(Machinery) and essential safety requirements of EU Directive 2014/34/EU (ATEX).
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with specific needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered
are indicated in the scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-
B standards, the provisions of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-
C standard.
1 Scope
This document is applicable to the design, information for use, maintenance and testing of power driven
hoists, compact or open construction, with or without trolleys for which the prime mover is an electric,
hydraulic or pneumatic motor. They are designed for the lifting and lowering of loads that are suspended
on hooks or other load lifting attachments. Hoists can be used either in cranes, in other machines, e.g. rail
dependent storage and retrieval equipment, monorail conveyors or by itself.
This document is applicable to the following types of hoists and applications:
— rope hoists;
— chain hoists;
— belt hoists;
— NGL building hoists;
— winches used for lifting operation;
— hoists designed for holding stationary loads above persons;
— hoists designed for high risk applications.
This document does not apply to belt hoists with steel belts as hoisting media.
This document does not apply to builders’ hoists for transportation of goods having a guided platform or
having a guided load carrying device.
This document is not applicable to the following hazards:
— this document does not cover hazards related to the lifting of persons.
This document does not specify additional requirements for hazards related to the use of hoists in
explosive atmospheres in underground mines.
This document does not address the hazards related to autonomous operation and use of self-evolving
behaviour of the power driven hoists.
The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Annex H.
This document is not applicable to power driven hoists manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 81-50:2020, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Examinations and tests —
Part 50: Design rules, calculations, examinations and tests of lift components
EN 818-1:1996+A1:2008, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 1: General conditions of
acceptance
EN 818-7:2002+A1:2008, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 7: Fine tolerance hoist
chain, Grade T (Types T, DAT and DT)
EN 1127-1:2019, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts
and methodology
EN 12077-2:2024, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating
devices
EN 13001-1:2015, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements
EN 13001-2:2021, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load actions
EN 13001-3-1:2025, Cranes — General design — Part 3-1: Limit states and proof competence of steel
structure
EN 13001-3-3:2014, Cranes — General design — Part 3-3: Limit states and proof of competence of
wheel/rail contacts
EN 13001-3-5:2025, Cranes — General design — Part 3-5: Limit states and proof of competence of forged
and cast hooks
EN 13135:2013+A1:2018, Cranes — Safety — Design — Requirements for equipment
EN 13557:2024, Cranes — Control devices and control stations
EN 13586:2020, Cranes — Access
EN IEC 60034-5:2020, Rotating electrical machines — Part 5: Degrees of protection provided by the
integral design of rotating electrical machines (IP code) — Classification (IEC 60034-5:2020)
EN IEC 60079-0:2018, Explosive atmospheres — Part 0: Equipment — General requirements
(IEC 60079-0:2017)
EN IEC 60079-14:2024, Explosive atmospheres — Part 14: Electrical installation design, selection and
installation of equipment, including initial inspection (IEC 60079-14:2024)
EN IEC 60204-32:2025, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements
for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2023)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)1
EN 60947-5-5:1997, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-5: Control circuit devices and
switching elements — Electrical emergency stop device with mechanical latching function
EN IEC 61000-6-2:2019, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-2: Generic standards — Immunity
standard for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2:2016)
EN IEC 61000-6-4:2019, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-4: Generic standards — Emission
standard for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-4:2018)

As impacted by EN IEC 60034-5:2020/AC:2024-01
As impacted by EN IEC 60079-0:2018/A11:2024
As impacted by EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, EN 60529:1991/A2:2013, EN 60529:1991/A2:2013/AC:2019-02,
EN 60529:1991/AC:2016-12, EN 60529:1991/corrigendum May 1993
As impacted by EN 60947-5-5:1997/A1:2005, EN 60947-5-5:1997/A11:2013, EN 60947-5-5:1997/A2:2017

EN IEC 61800-3:2018, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 3: EMC requirements and
specific test methods (IEC 61800-3:2017)
EN 62745:2017, Safety of machinery — Requirements for cableless control systems of machinery
(IEC 62745:2017)
EN ISO 3744:2026, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure
— Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2025, including
corrected version 2026-01)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
EN ISO 13849-1:2023, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2023)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design
(ISO 13850:2015)
EN ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and
construction of fixed and movable guards (ISO 14120:2015)
EN ISO 20607:2019, Safety of machinery — Instruction handbook — General drafting principles
(ISO 20607:2019)
EN ISO 80079-36:2016, Explosive atmospheres — Part 36: Non-electrical equipment for explosive
atmospheres — Basic method and requirements (ISO 80079-36:2016)
ISO 606:2015, Short-pitch transmission precision roller and bush chains, attachments and associated chain
sprockets
As impacted by EN 62745:2017/A11:2020
As impacted by EN ISO 80079-36:2016/AC:2019
ISO 3864-1:2011, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety
signs and safety markings
ISO 3864-2:2016, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 2: Design principles for
product safety labels
ISO 3864-3:2024, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 3: Design principles for
graphical symbols for use in safety signs
ISO 3864-4:2011, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 4: Colorimetric and
photometric properties of safety sign materials
ISO 4306-1:2007, Cranes — Vocabulary — Part 1: General
ISO 4309:2017, Cranes — Wire ropes — Care and maintenance, inspection and discard
ISO 12482:2014, Cranes — Monitoring for crane design working period
ISO 16625:2025, Cranes and hoists — Selection of wire ropes, drums and sheaves
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and
ISO 4306-1:2007 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
belt drive
system of belts as hoisting medium including related belt pulleys, belt drums and belt anchorages
Note 1 to entry: Belts in transmissions of drive forces are excluded.
3.1.2
chain drive
system of fine tolerance steel link chains, roller chains, driven and non-driven chain wheels and chain
anchorages
3.1.3
chain anchorage
arrangement comprising the parts which connect the loaded chain end termination to the major load
bearing structure, e.g. pins, bolts, tension rods
3.1.4
belt anchorage
arrangement comprising the parts which connect the belt end termination to the major load bearing
structure, e.g. pins, bolts, tension rods, the belt fastening on the drum are not included
3.1.5
working coefficient for ropes, chains and belts
ratio between the minimum breaking force and the maximum static tensile force of the ropes, chains and
belts under rated capacity m
RC
3.1.6
direct control
main power circuit is directly controlled by the hand controlled actuator without additional means
between the actuator and the main power circuit
3.1.7
fleet angle
angle between the rope axis and the groove direction of a drum or sheave, at the point where rope enters
the drum or sheave
Note 1 to entry: In the Figure 1 the fleet angles are β , β , β + α and β − α.
L R L R
Note 2 to entry: For an un-grooved drum, set the angle α = 0.

Key
β , β fleet angles on the sheave
L R
β + α, β − α. fleet angles on the drum
L R
α angle of the grooves on the drum
Figure 1 — Fleet angle
3.1.8
hoist
machine for lifting and lowering loads, freely suspended or guided or supported on inclined planes, over
predetermined distances, with or without trolleys
3.1.9
hoist load
m
H
suspended load which includes all the masses of a load equal to the rated capacity of the hoist, the hoist
medium and the fixed load lifting attachments, e.g. hooks, grabs, magnets, lifting beams, vacuum lifters
3.1.10
hoist medium
part of the hoist and is either rope, belt, steel link chain or roller chain
3.1.11
overpressure
pressure exceeding the rated pressure
3.1.12
rated pressure
maximum pressure in hydraulic or pneumatical systems at which the component is intended to operate
for a number of repetitions sufficient to assure the specified service life
3.1.13
indirect control
main power circuit is controlled by additional means between the hand-controlled actuator and the main
power circuit
3.1.14
maximum speed
maximum of all speeds in hoisting or lowering direction
Note 1 to entry: For inverter driven hoists, this speed can occur at the maximum frequency but with a load smaller
than the rated capacity of the hoist.
3.1.15
NGL building hoist
Non Guided Load building hoist
multi-layer rope drum hoist with a rated capacity of up to 500 kg characterised by frequent temporary
installation on the construction site by the use of interchangeable supporting structures matching with
the hoists frame
3.1.16
power source
energy to drive the prime mover of a hoist, e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic
3.1.17
rated capacity
m
RC
maximum load that the hoist is designed to lift
Note 1 to entry: In the case of hoists with multi–layer winding, this applies independent of the layer of the rope on
the drum.
3.1.18
rated capacity limiter
device that automatically prevents the hoist from handling loads in excess of its rated capacity, taking
into account the dynamic effects during normal operational use
Note 1 to entry: This can be achieved by limiting the force flow (direct acting rated capacity limiter) or by switching
off the energy supply to the lifting drive and stopping the lifting movement (indirect acting rated capacity limiter).
Note 2 to entry: Rated capacity limiter is also called a load limiter or lifting force limiter.
3.1.19
rated hoisting speed
linear speed of the load when lifting the rated capacity of the hoist:
— in case of electric motors, at rated voltage and rated frequency as indicated on the nameplate;
— in case of hydraulic motors, at rated flow as indicated on the nameplate;
— in case of pneumatic motors, at rated pressure as indicated on the nameplate
Note 1 to entry: For rope hoists, the speed at the lowest rope-layer on the drum. For NGL building hoists, the
average hoisting speed for the declared vertical path.
3.1.20
rated lowering speed
linear speed of the load when lowering the rated capacity of the hoist:
— in case of electric motors, at rated voltage and rated frequency as indicated on the nameplate;
— in case of hydraulic motors, at rated flow as indicated on the nameplate;
— in case of pneumatic motors, at rated pressure as indicated on the nameplate
Note 1 to entry: For rope hoists, the speed at the lowest rope-layer on the drum. For NGL building hoists the
average lowering speed for the declared vertical path.
3.1.21
rope anchorage
arrangement comprising the parts which connect the rope end termination to the major load bearing
structure, e.g. pins, bolts, compensating levers, tension rods, the rope fastening on the rope drum are not
included
3.1.22
rope drive
system of ropes running on rope drums and over rope sheaves, compensation sheaves, rope anchorage
and fastening on the rope drum
3.1.23
rope end termination
arrangement that has direct contact with the rope in order to allows its connection to e.g. rope anchorage
and hook
3.1.24
rope fastening on the rope drum
all parts with which the rope is fastened on the rope drum
3.1.25
traction hoist
hoist where the hoist drive torque is transformed into hoist rope force through friction between the rope
and the driving sheaves
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purpose of this document, the symbols and abbreviations given in Table 1 apply.
Table 1 — Symbol and abbreviations
Symbols,
Description
abbreviations
C is the rigidity of the hoist, hoist medium and the supporting structure [N/m]
Crm is the rigidity per meter of a rope, respectively chain, respectively belt [N]
C is the rigidity of the hoist medium (rope or chain or belt) [N/m]
med
F is the drive force reduced to hook path, [N]
Fmax,L is the maximum force [N]
F is the force limit [N]
Lim
Ftrig is the triggering-force [N]
g is the acceleration due to gravity (9,81) [m/s ]

ha is the average hoisting displacement in [m]
HD1-HD5 are the Classes of the type of hoist drive and its operation method
K2A is the environmental correction factor (see EN ISO 3744:2026, 4.3) [dB]
L is the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the operator position [dB]
p
LW is the sound power level [dB]
P load path [m]
Sang is the smallest offered reeving
S is the rope force stress resultant [N]
n/k
S0 is the reference area, set equal to 1 [m ]
S is the test reeving
test
Utest is the increased number of the test c
...