EN 12158-2:2000+A1:2010
(Main)Builders' hoists for goods - Part 2: Inclined hoists with non-accessible load carrying devices
Builders' hoists for goods - Part 2: Inclined hoists with non-accessible load carrying devices
1.1 This standard deals with power operated temporarily installed builders hoists intended for use by persons who are permitted to enter sites of engineering and construction, serving either one upper landing or a work area extending to the end of the guides, (e.g. a roof) having a load carrying device (lcd):
- which is intended for the transportation of goods only;
- where it is forbidden for persons to step upon it at any time;
- which is guided;
- which is designed to travel at an angle of at least 30 degrees to the vertical but may be used at any angle between the vertical and the maximum inclination as specified by the manufacturer;
- which is sustained by steel wire rope and a positive drive system;
- which is controlled by hold-to-run controls by the operator;
- which does not benefit from the use of any counterweight;
- which has a maximum rated load of 300 kg;
- which has a maximum speed of 1,00 m/s;
and where the guides require support from separate structures.
1.2 The standard identifies hazards as listed in clause 4, which arise during the various phases in the life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards when used as intended by the manufacturer.
1.3 This European standard does not specify the additional requirements for:
- operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields);
- lightning protection;
- operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres);
- electromagnetic compatibility (emission, immunity);
- handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metal, acids/bases, radiating materials, fragile loads);
- the use of combustion engines;
- the use of remote controls;
- hazards occurring during manufacture;
- hazards occurring as a result of mobility;
- hazards occurring as a result of being erected over a public road;
- earthquakes;
- noise.
(...)
Bauaufzüge für den Materialtransport - Teil 2: Schrägaufzüge mit nicht betretbaren Lastaufnahmemitteln
1.1 Diese Norm behandelt kraftbetriebene, vorübergehend errichtete Bauaufzüge, die für die Benutzung durch Personen bestimmt sind, denen das Betreten von Baustellen und technischen Anlagen erlaubt ist. Die Aufzüge bedienen entweder eine obere Ladestelle oder einen Arbeitsbereich, der am Ende der Schienen liegt (z. B. ein Dach), und haben ein Lastaufnahmemittel,
- das nur für den Materialtransport vorgesehen ist;
- das niemals von Personen betreten werden darf;
- das geführt wird;
- das für die Fahrt in einem Winkel von mindestens 30 Grad zur Vertikalen konstruiert ist, jedoch bei jedem Winkel eingesetzt werden kann, der zwischen der Vertikalen und der maximalen vom Hersteller erlaubten Neigung liegt;
- das durch ein Drahtseil und ein formschlüssiges Antriebssystem gehalten wird;
- das vom Bediener mit einer Steuerung ohne Selbsthaltung gefahren wird;
- bei dem kein Gegengewicht verwendet wird;
- das eine Nennlast von höchstens 300 kg hat;
- das eine Geschwindigkeit von höchstens 1,00 m/s hat.
und wo die Schienen durch separate Konstruktionen gestützt werden.
1.2 Die Norm beschreibt sowohl Gefährdungen, die während der Lebensdauer eines solchen Gerätes entstehen (siehe Abschnitt 4) als auch Methoden zur Beseitigung oder Verringerung dieser Gefährdungen, soweit die Maschine bestimmungsgemäß verwendet wird.
1.3 Diese Europäische Norm beschreibtenthält keine zusätzlichen Anforderungen für
- den Betrieb unter erschwerten Bedingungen (z. B. in extremen Klimazonen oder bei starken magne¬tischen Feldern);
- den Blitzschutz;
- den Betrieb unter besonderen Anforderungen (z. B. in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen);
- die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (Störaussendung, Störfestigkeit);
- den Umgang mit Gütern, deren Eigenschaften zu einer gefährlichen Situation führen können (z. B. Schmelzen, Säuren/Basen, strahlende Materialien, leicht zerbrechliche Lasten);
- die Verwendung von Verbrennungsmotoren;
(...)
Monte-matériaux - Partie 2: Monte-matériaux inclinés à dispositifs porte-charge non accessible
1.1 La présente norme traite des élévateurs de chantier motorisés, installés temporairement, (appelés «montes-matériaux» par la suite) destinés à être utilisés par des personnes autorisées à pénétrer sur des sites industriels et des chantiers, desservant soit un palier supérieur, soit une zone de travail s'étendant jusqu'aux extrémités des guides (par exemple un toit) et possédant un dispositif porte-charge (dpc) :
- qui est conçu pour le transport de matériaux uniquement ;
- auquel l'accès des personnes est tout le temps interdit ;
- qui est guidé ;
- qui est conçu pour se déplacer à un angle d'au moins 30° par rapport à la verticale mais peut être utilisé à tout angle entre la verticale et l’inclinaison maximale spécifiée par le fabricant ;
- qui est soutenu par un système à câble et à entraînement positif ;
- qui est commandé par des commandes à action maintenue par l’opérateur ;
- qui ne bénéficie de l'utilisation d'aucun contrepoids ;
- qui a une charge nominale maximale de 300 kg ;
- qui a une vitesse maximale de 1,00 m/s ;
et où les guides nécessitent le soutien de constructions distinctes.
1.2 La norme identifie des risques répertoriés dans l'article 4, apparaissant au cours des diverses phases de la vie d'un tel équipement et décrit des méthodes pour supprimer ou réduire ces risques, à condition que l’appareil soit utilisé comme prévu par le fabricant.
1.3 La présente norme européenne ne spécifie pas les prescriptions complémentaires pour :
- l'utilisation du monte-matériaux dans des conditions particulièrement difficiles (par exemple, dans des zones climatiques extrêmes ou en cas de champs magnétiques forts) ;
- la protection antifoudre ;
- l'utilisation avec des exigences exceptionnelles (par exemple, dans des atmosphères où il y a un risque d'explosion) ;
- la compatibilité électromagnétique (émission, immunité) ;
Gradbena dvigala za prevoz materiala - 2. del: Poševna dvigala z nedostopnim sredstvom za prevoz tovora (vključno z dopolnilom A1)
Ta standard obravnava začasno nameščena električna gradbena dvigala, namenjena osebam, ki lahko vstopajo na delovišča in gradbišča, s pripustom ene zgornje nakladalne ali delovne površine, ki sega do konca vodila (npr. strehe) in ima napravo za nošenje tovora (lcd): - ki so namenjena le prevozu materiala; - pri katerih je osebam stalno prepovedan vstop; - ki so vodena; - ki so namenjena potovanju pod kotom vsaj 30 stopinj odmika od navpičnice, vendar se lahko uporabljajo pod katerim koli kotom med navpičnico in največjim nagibom, kot določi proizvajalec; - ki jih nosi jeklena vrv in pozitivni pogonski sistem; - ki jih operater nadzoruje s pridržitvenim krmiljenjem; - ki nimajo protiuteži; - ki imajo maksimalno nazivno obremenitev 300 kg; - ki imajo maksimalno hitrost 1,00 m/s; in pri katerih vodila potrebujejo podporo ločenih konstrukcij. Ta standard opredeljuje nevarnosti, navedene v Klavzuli 4, ki nastanejo med različnimi fazami življenjske dobe take opreme, in opisuje metode za odpravo ali zmanjšanje teh nevarnosti, kadar se oprema uporablja kot predvideno s strani proizvajalca. Varnostne zahteve in/ali ukrepi tega standarda obravnavajo zasnovo nosilnega okvira, vodilnih tračnic, sredstev za prevoz tovora, pogonske enote, električnih in/ali hidravličnih instalacij in nadzor dvigala. Vključena je zasnova opor za vodilne tračnice, ne pa zasnova podpornih konstrukcij (npr. zgradbe ali odra) in vezi. Druge vidike, kot so nosilni ograjeni prostor, zasnova postavitve podlage iz betona, trdega jedra, lesa ali drugega materiala, zaščita jaška in zgornje nakladalne površine, obravnava priročniški del tega standarda.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.QHGRVWRSQLPBauaufzüge für den Materialtransport - Teil 2: Schrägaufzüge mit nicht betretbaren LastaufnahmemittelnMonte-matériaux - Partie 2: Monte-matériaux inclinés à dispositifs porte-charge non accessibleBuilders' hoists for goods - Part 2: Inclined hoists with non-accessible load carrying devices53.020.99Druga dvigalna opremaOther lifting equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12158-2:2000+A1:2010SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010en,fr,de01-oktober-2010SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12158-2:20021DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12158-2:2000+A1
July 2010 ICS 91.140.90 Supersedes EN 12158-2:2000English Version
Builders' hoists for goods - Part 2: Inclined hoists with non-accessible load carrying devices
Monte-matériaux - Partie 2: Monte-matériaux inclinés à dispositifs porte-charge non accessible
Bauaufzüge für den Materialtransport - Teil 2: Schrägaufzüge mit nicht betretbaren LastaufnahmemittelnThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 September 2000 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 12 June 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12158-2:2000+A1:2010: ESIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
European stormwind map . 36Annex B (informative)
!Electric safety devices" . 37Annex ZA (informative)
!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC" . 38Bibliography . 39 SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
working load/rated load" maximum load which the hoist has been designed to carry in service. This load may depend on the configuration of the hoist (i.e. inclination, length of guide rail, load carrying device) 3.2
rated speed speed of the lcd for which the equipment has been designed 3.3
positive drive drive using means other than friction 3.4
rope hoist hoist which uses rope as the load suspension system 3.5
wire rope termination adaption at the end of a wire rope permitting attachment 3.6
check valve valve, which allows flow of hydraulic fluid in the desired direction only if a predetermined pressure is maintained at the valve 3.7
base frame lowest framework of the hoist, upon which all other components are mounted 3.8
chassis chassis are base frames which enable road transport of the hoist 3.9
guide rails rigid elements which determine the travel way of the lcd 3.10
knee section guide rail element between two guide rail sections which changes the inclination 3.11
hoistway total space which is travelled by the lcd and its load 3.12
guide rail section indivisible piece of rail, between two adjacent rail joints 3.13
guide rail support connection system between the rail and ground or any building structure, providing support for the rail SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
load carrying device (lcd) part of the hoist which carries the rated load 3.15
stopping distance distance the platform moves from the moment, when the control or safety circuit is broken until the platform has come to a full stop 3.16
slack rope rope, normally under tension, from which all external loads have been removed 3.17
broken rope device device which prevents the lcd from falling in the event of the breaking of the wire rope suspension 3.18
landing stopping level or work area for loading and unloading the lcd 3.19
safety distance minimum distance between any moving part of a hoist and any point of access 3.20
normal operation usual operating conditions for the equipment when in use for carrying loads but excluding routine maintenance, erection, dismantling, etc 3.21
competent person designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and provided with the necessary instructions to enable the required procedures to be carried out 4 List of hazards The list of hazards according to the following tables are based on !EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and EN ISO 12100-2:2003". Tables 1 and 2 show the hazards which have been identified and where the corresponding requirements have been formulated in this standard, in order to limit the risk or reduce these hazards in each situation. A hazard which is not applicable or is not significant and for which, therefore, no requirements are formulated, is shown in the relevant clauses column as n.a. (not applicable). Table 1 — Hazards relating to the general design and construction of inclined hoists
Hazards Relevant clauses in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards 1.1 Crushing 5.5.2, 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8 1.2 Shearing 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8 1.3 Cutting or severing 5.5.2, 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8 1.4 Entanglement 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8 1.5 Drawing-in or trapping 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8 1.6 Impact 7.1.2.8 SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
HazardsRelevant clauses in this standard 1.7 Stabbing or puncture n.a. 1.8 Friction or abrasion 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8 1.9 High pressure fluid ejection 5.7 1.10 Ejection of parts 5.5, 5.6.1 1.11 Loss of stability 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 7.1.2.8 1.12 Slip, trip and fall 5.3.4, 5.5.2 2 Electrical hazards 2.1 Electrical contact 5.8 2.2 Electrostatic phenomena n.a. 2.3 Thermal radiation n.a. 2.4 External influences 5.6.2, 5.6.4.11, 5.8.2 3 Thermal hazards 3.1 Burns and scalds n.a. 3.2 Health-damaging effects n.a. 4 Hazards generated by noise4.1 Hearing losses not dealt with, see 1.3 4.2 Interference with speech not dealt with, see 1.3 5 Hazards generated by vibrationn.a. 6 Hazards generated by radiation6.1 Electrical arcs n.a. 6.2 Lasers n.a. 6.3 Ionising radiation sources n.a. 6.4 Use of H F electromagnetic fields not dealt with 7 Hazards generated by materials and substances processed, used or exhausted by machinery 7.1 Contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts n.a. 7.2 Fire or explosion n.a. 7.3 Biological and microbiological n.a. 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machine design 8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 5.1 8.2 Inadequate consideration of human hand/arm or foot/leg anatomy 5.5.1 8.3 Neglected use of personal protection equipment n.a. 8.4 Inadequate area lighting 7.1.2.8.2 8.5 Mental overload or underload, stress 5.9 8.6 Human error 7.3 9 Hazard combinations not dealt with 10 Hazards caused by failure of energy supply, breaking down of machinery parts and other functional disorders 10.1 Failure of energy supply 5.6.4.1, 5.9.5 10.2 Unexpected ejection of machine parts or fluids 5.7.2 10.3 Failure or malfunction of control system 5.8.1, 5.9.3 10.4 Errors of fitting 5.4.3, 5.8.3, 7.1.2.8 10.5 Overturn, unexpected loss of machine stability 5.2, 7.1.2.8 11 Hazards caused by missing and / or incorrectly positioned safety related measures / means 11.1 Guards 5.5.1, 7.1.2.8.3 11.2 Safety related (protection) devices 7.1.2.8.3 11.3 Starting and stopping devices 5.8.4, 5.9.4, 7.1.2.8 11.4 Safety signs and signals 7.2 11.5 Information or warning devices 7.2, 7.3 SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
Hazards Relevant clauses in this standard 11.6 Energy supply disconnecting devices 5.8.1 11.7 Emergency devices 5.9.3, 5.9.4, 7.1.2.10 11.8 Feeding/removal means of work pieces n.a. 11.9 Essential equipment and accessories for safe adjusting and/or maintaining 5.9.4.3 11.10 Equipment evacuating gases n.a., see 1.3
Table 2 — Particular hazards involving the mobility and/or load lifting ability of hoists
Hazards Relevant clauses in this standard
Hazards due to mobility 12 Inadequate lighting of moving / working areaNot dealt with, see 1.3 13 Hazards due to sudden movement instability etc. during handling Not dealt with, see 1.3 14 Inadequate/non-ergonomic design of operating position Not dealt with, see 1.3 15 Mechanical hazards Not dealt with, see 1.3 16 Hazards due to lifting operations16.1 Lack of stability 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 16.2 Derailment of load carrying device 5.4 16.3 Loss of mechanical strength of machinery and lifting accessories 5.1, 5.4, 5.6.3 16.4 Hazards caused by uncontrolled movement 5.4, 5.6.4, 5.6.5, 5.8 17 Inadequate view of trajectories of the moving parts5.8, 7.2 18 Hazards caused by lightning Not dealt with, see 1.3 19 Hazards due to loading / overloading5.2, 5.5.1, 7.1.2.9
5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 General The design of the hoist shall consider safe use, frequent erection and dismantling as well as maintenance and transportation. At least an ambient temperature range between – 5 °C and + 40 °C shall be taken into account for correct operation. The design of all components that have to be handled during erection e.g. guide rail sections, shall have their weight assessed against manual handling. Where the permissible weight for manual handling is exceeded, the manufacturer shall give recommendations in the instruction handbook. !All removable and detachable covers shall be retained by captive fastenings." 5.2 Load combinations and calculations 5.2.1 The structure of the hoist shall be designed and constructed in such a way that its strength is satisfactory under all intended operating conditions, including erection and dismantling and e.g. low temperature environments as intended by the manufacturer. The design of the structure as a whole and each part of it shall be based on the effects of any possible combination of loads as specified in this 5.2. The load combinations shall consider the least favourable locations of the lcd and load relative to the guide rails and its support, both during the passage of the lcd and SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
Key X = 10 % W or 25 % W – see 5.2.2.3 Figure 1 — Rated load acting off centre 5.2.2.4 For calculation purposes a load of at least 3 kN/m² shall be considered as being placed over the area of the lcd, defined as the area, which supports the load at right angles to the guide rails. 5.2.2.5 Where the hoist is designed such that the lcd is driven against the end of the guide rails before the terminal stopping switch is actuated, it shall be designed to tolerate being driven against the end of the guide rails at rated speed with and without rated load (See also 5.5.1.8). The stalling torque and inertia of the drive system shall be taken into account. 5.2.2.6 The effect of moving loads shall be determined by taking the weight of all actual loads (lcd, rated load, wire ropes, etc.) and multiplying them by an impact factor µ = (1,1 + 0,264v) where v is the hoisting speed in m/s. Alternative factors may be used if they can be proved to be more accurate. 5.2.2.7 To determine the forces produced by an operation of the broken rope device, the sum total of the moving load shall be multiplied by the factor 2,5. Alternative factors, but not less than 1,2, may be used if they can be verified under all conditions of loading up to 1,25 times rated load. 5.2.2.8 Design wind conditions The aerodynamic pressure q is given by the general equation: SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
A to E[N/m²] [m] A/B C D E 0
The regions A to E are taken from the European Stormwind Map (see Annex A). 5.2.2.8.2.3 Erection and dismantling wind Irrespective of height, the minimum value for wind pressure shall be q = 100 N/m², which corresponds to a wind velocity of vW = 12,5 m/s. SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
fy = yield strength [N/mm2] Sy = safety factor b) Calculations according to the theory of the second order The deflection of a structure shall be taken into account when calculating stresses. This is very important when calculating a slender design or using materials with a low modulus of elasticity. This can be done by using the theory of the 2nd order. yyyySforSf'0=σ
whichever is the least favourable
where fy’ =
apparent yield strength [N/mm2] The safety factors against fy and fy’ shall be at least equal to those given in the following table 4 which is related to table 6. Table 4 — Safety factors for steel structures Load case Safety factor (Sy) A 1,5 B 1,33 C 1,25
5.2.3.2 Aluminium structures a) Permissible stresses uuyySforSf0=σ
whichever gives the lowest value where
fu = tensile strength [N/mm²] SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
whichever gives the lowest value
The safety factors against fy and fu shall be at least equal to those given in the following table 5 which is related to table 6. Table 5 — Safety factors for aluminium structures Load case Safety factor Sy on yield strength Safety factor Su on tensile strength A 1,70 2,50 B 1,55 2,25 C 1,41 2,05
(2) multiplied by (6)
(3) multiplied by (6) (5) A Ib Normal use: lcd (8.2.1)
(2) multiplied by (6)
(3) multiplied by (6) (5) A IIa Exceptional forces: guide rails (1), (8.2.1),
(2) multiplied by (6)
(4) multiplied by (6) C IIb Exceptional forces: lcd (8.2.1)
(2) multiplied by (6)
(4) multiplied by (6) C IIIa Exceptional broken rope device effects: guide rails (1), (8.2.1),
(2) multiplied by (7)
(3) multiplied by (7) C IIIb Exceptional broken rope device effects: lcd (8.2.1)
(2) multiplied by (7)
(3) multiplied by (7) C IIIc Exceptional broken rope device effects: broken rope device (2) multiplied by (7)
(3) multiplied by (7) C IV Occasional out of service: guide rails (1), (8.2.2) B V Erection (structural parts, including guide rails, base frame, base frame support and all other static parts of the structure) (1), (8.2.3),
(2) multiplied by (6) B 1) X refers to the relevant subsection of 5.2.2. For example, for load case I b (normal use: lcd) the following forces and loads shall be taken into account: 5.2.2.8.2.1, 5.2.2.2, 5.2.2.3 and 5.2.2.6. These are thus referred to in the table in the abbreviated form (8.2.1), (2), (3) and (6). 2) see table 4 and table 5.
5.2.5 Stability For hoists whilst they are in a free-standing condition during erection, the load cases and safety factors in table 7 shall be used. All stabilising forces have the factor = 1,0. Table 7 — Stability safety factors So for various overturning forces Loads or forces according to clause 5.2.2.(X) 1) safety factor So Overturning parts of the dead loads (1), (2) 1,2 Erection and dismantling wind forces (8.2.3) 1,1 Errors of erection (10) 1,0 1) see note 1) of table 6
Σ Stabilising moments ≥ Σ Overturning moments multiplied by the corresponding So SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
In addition guide rails shall be designed to withstand the forces produced by the triggering of the safety device (overspeed or rope breakage). Local permanent deformations of guide rails are permissible. The worst condition shall be taken into account. 5.4.3 Connections between guide rail sections or the telescopic sections shall provide effective load transfer and maintain alignment. Loosening shall only be possible with an intentional manual action. 5.4.4 Telescopic guide rail system The design shall permit free sliding of the guide rail sections. The design of the telescopic guide rail system shall permit easy inspection of the full length of all wire ropes of the telescopic system. If there is a locking device for the telescopic guide rails to avoid retraction (of the extended guide rail system) in case of a failure of the extension wire rope, the utilisation coefficient of the wire rope as defined in 5.6.3.1.3 may be reduced to 3. 5.4.5 Attachments of drive elements (e.g. drive unit, pulleys, rope terminations) to the guide rails shall ensure that they are kept in the correct position in order to ensure that the stipulated forces can be transferred to the guide rails. Any loosening shall only be possible with an intentional manual action. 5.4.6 Guide rail support The guide rail support shall limit the inflexion of the guide rails and reduce torsion. They specifically shall be installable and removable in a safe manner, without climbing the guide rails; be adjustable in length and inclination; have a hinged connection to the guide rails; be removable only by an intentional action. SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
5.5.1.2 The lcd shall be calculated according to 5.2. 5.5.1.3 The lcd shall be designed in such a way that there is no need to step on it for maintenance, erection and dismantling as well as for loading or unloading purposes. It is considered that 0,60 m shall be the longest reachable distance to access the intended load from outside the lcd. 5.5.1.4 The lcd shall have rigid guiding to prevent disengagement, jamming or unintended tilting. 5.5.1.5 Each lcd shall be provided with effective devices which retain the lcd on guide rails in the event of guide rollers failing. 5.5.1.6 Lcd guide rollers shall be guarded as far as possible in order to provide protection e.g. against finger trapping. 5.5.1.7 Mechanical means shall prevent the lcd from running past the top and bottom end of the guide rails. 5.5.1.8 In order to cover the malfunction of the upper or lower terminal stopping switch the hoist shall be designed to be driven against the end of the guide rails with and without rated load in the lcd such that no permanent deformation occurs.
5.5.1.9 Lcd's except those designed for specific goods shall be provided on all sides with guards of at least 0,3 m height with maximum openings of (50 x 50) mm or slots with a width of no more than 20 mm. 5.5.1.10 Lcd's for specific goods shall be designed to safely transport the intended materials. 5.5.1.10.1 Lcd's for specific goods such as equipped with buckets for liquid, viscous or bulk materials which can tilt or which can open at the bottom shall be designed in such a way that they can open or tilt only at predetermined locations. 5.5.1.10.2 Hoists with tilting lcd’s shall be provided with means to prevent tilting. SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
5.5.2.3 Suitable provision shall be made to prevent the safety device from becoming inoperative due to the accumulation of extraneous materials or to atmospheric conditions. 5.5.2.4 A safety device designed to grip more than one guide shall operate on all guides simultaneously. 5.5.2.5 Jaws or blocks of the safety devices shall not be used for guiding the hoist under normal operating conditions. 5.5.2.6 In safety devices where the action is achieved by means of springs, the springs shall be in the form of compression springs, which shall be guided and in the non-loaded condition have a pitch of less than twice the wire diameter. 5.6 Drive unit The following subclauses apply to both the lcd drive system as well as to the drive system for telescopic guide rails except where noted. 5.6.1 General provisions Each hoist shall have at least one drive unit of its own. Each drive system shall be calculated according to 5.2.6. The drive motor shall be coupled to the drum by a positive drive system which cannot be disengaged. The lcd and the telescopic guide rails shall during normal operation, erection and dismantling be lowered under power at all times. For all hoists, under normal operating conditions the speed of the empty lcd upwards or of the lcd with rated load downwards shall not exceed the rated speeds by more than 15 %. The extension speed of telescopic guide rails shall be limited to 15 m/min. 5.6.2 Protection and accessibility The driving machinery (e.g. motor, gear, drum) shall be so positioned or guarded to protect persons from injury. Fixed guarding shall be provided to prevent the entry of any material that might cause damage to any part of the drive system, e.g. gravel, rain, snow, ice, mortar, dust.
Effective guards shall be provided for gear wheels, belts and chain drives, revolving shafts, fly-wheels, guide rollers, couplings and similar rotating parts unless those parts are made safe by design or by position and be designed to permit easy access for routine inspection and maintenance work. The size of any perforation or opening in the guard when closed related to the clearances from adjacent moving parts shall be in accordance with !EN ISO 13857:2008". SIST EN 12158-2:2002+A1:2010
!ISO 2408:2004". 5.6.3.1.2 The nominal diameter of the wire ropes shall be at least 5 mm. 5.6.3.1.3 The utilisation coefficient of wire ropes shall be at least 6. The utilisation coefficient is the ratio between the minimum breaking load of one wire rope and the maximum static force in this rope. 5.6.3.1.4 The strength of the wire rope terminations shall be not less than 80 % of the minimum breaking load of the wire ropes. In the termination on the drum, a factor of 2,5 times the calculated maximum rope force shall be ensured; up to two dead turns may be taken into account. Wire ropes shall be terminated using a secure method such as:
a metal or resinfilled socket;
an eye splice with thimble;
a ferrule secured eye terminal with thimble;
a wedge anchor;
a bridge clamp with dead turns for a drum termination.
Figure 2 — Wire rope terminations Terminations which may damage the rope like U-Bolt wire rope grips shall not be used for this purpose.
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