EN ISO 18311:2018
(Main)Soil quality - Method for testing effects of soil contaminants on the feeding activity of soil dwelling organisms - Bait-lamina test (ISO 18311:2016)
Soil quality - Method for testing effects of soil contaminants on the feeding activity of soil dwelling organisms - Bait-lamina test (ISO 18311:2016)
ISO 18311:2016 specifies a technique for determining the effects of anthropogenic impacts (e.g. substances) in the context of the prevailing environmental conditions on the feeding activity of soil organisms in the field. In addition, the use of this method for monitoring the biological quality of soil is described (see Annex A). The breakdown of organic matter by soil invertebrates and microorganisms is a crucial process that determines important soil functions such as nutrient availability for plants and the maintenance of soil fertility. In addition, decomposing plant litter provides habitats and food for a wide range of organisms, thus supporting biodiversity and ecosystem services [33][34].
ISO 18311:2016 is applicable to all soils in which soil organisms are active. The use of the bait-lamina test is independent from whether there is a litter layer or not. The sampling design of field studies in general is specified in ISO 23611‑6 (see also Reference [20]). The design can vary according to the aim of the study as well as conditions (e.g. soil properties, contamination, etc.) of the site to be investigated.
ISO 18311:2016 is not applicable for semi-terrestrial or very shallow soils. It can be difficult to use it under extreme climatic or geographical conditions (e.g. in high mountains).
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Verfahren zur Prüfung der Auswirkungen von Bodenverunreinigungen auf die Fraßaktivität von bodenbewohnenden Organismen - Köderstreifentest (ISO 18311:2016)
Qualité du sol - Méthode pour tester les effets des contaminants du sol sur l'activité alimentaire des organismes vivant dans le sol - Test Bait-lamina (ISO 18311:2016)
ISO 18311:2016 spécifie une technique permettant de déterminer, sur le terrain, les effets d'impacts anthropogéniques (par exemple, substances), eu égard aux conditions environnementales ambiantes, sur l'activité alimentaire des organismes du sol. Elle décrit également l'utilisation de cette méthode pour la surveillance de la qualité biologique des sols (voir l'Annexe A). La dégradation de la matière organique par les invertébrés et les microorganismes du sol est un processus fondamental qui détermine des fonctions importantes du sol, telles que la disponibilité d'éléments nutritifs pour les végétaux et la préservation de la fertilité des sols. De plus, la décomposition de la litière végétale fournit des habitats et de la nourriture à une grande diversité d'organismes qui concourent à la biodiversité et délivrent des services écosystémiques[33][34].
ISO 18311:2016 s'applique à tous les sols dans lesquels des organismes du sol sont actifs. L'utilisation de l'essai avec bandelettes appâtées ne dépend pas de la présence d'une litière. Le plan d'échantillonnage applicable aux études sur le terrain en général est décrit dans l'ISO 23611‑6 (voir également la Référence [20]). La stratégie peut varier en fonction de l'objectif de l'étude, ainsi que des conditions (par exemple, les propriétés du sol, la contamination, etc.) du site à étudier.
ISO 18311:2016 ne s'applique pas aux sols potentiellement inondables ou très superficiels. Son application peut se révéler difficile dans des conditions climatiques ou géographiques extrêmes (par exemple, en haute montagne).
Kakovost tal - Metoda za preskušanje vplivov onesnaževal v tleh na aktivnost hranjenja v tleh živečih organizmov - Preskus z vabami na traku (ISO 18311:2016)
Standard ISO 18311:2016 določa tehniko za ugotavljanje vplivov antropogenih učinkov (npr. snovi) v kontekstu prevladujočih okoljskih razmer na aktivnost hranjenja organizmov v tleh na terenu. Poleg tega je opisana uporaba te metode za spremljanje biološke kakovosti tal (glejte dodatek A). Razgradnja organskih snovi, ki jo opravljajo nevretenčarji in mikroorganizmi v tleh, je ključen proces, ki določa pomembne funkcije tal, na primer razpoložljivost hranilnih snovi za rastline in ohranjanje rodovitnosti tal. Poleg tega razkrajanje rastlinske stelje zagotavlja habitat in hrano za širok nabor organizmov, s čimer podpira biotsko raznovrstnost in funkcije ekosistemov [33][34].
Standard ISO 18311:2016 se uporablja za vsa tla, kjer so aktivni organizmi v tleh. Uporaba preskusa z vabami na traku je neodvisna od tega, ali obstaja plast stelje ali ne. Načrtovanje vzorčenja za terenske raziskave na splošno je določeno v standardu ISO 23611‑6 (glejte tudi vir [20]). Načrt se lahko razlikuje glede na namen raziskave ter pogoje (npr. lastnosti tal, onesnaženost itd.) na mestu, ki bo preiskano.
Standard ISO 18311:2016 se ne uporablja za semiterestrična ali zelo plitka tla. Njegova uporaba je lahko otežena v skrajnih podnebnih ali geografskih razmerah (npr. v visokogorju).
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2018
.DNRYRVWWDO0HWRGD]DSUHVNXãDQMHYSOLYRYRQHVQDåHYDOYWOHKQDDNWLYQRVW
KUDQMHQMDYWOHKåLYHþLKRUJDQL]PRY3UHVNXV]YDEDPLQDWUDNX ,62
Soil quality - Method for testing effects of soil contaminants on the feeding activity of soil
dwelling organisms - Bait-lamina test (ISO 18311:2016)
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Verfahren zur Prüfung der Auswirkungen von
Bodenverunreinigungen auf die Fraßaktivität von bodenbewohnenden Organismen -
Köderstreifentest (ISO 18311:2016)
Qualité du sol - Méthode pour tester les effets des contaminants du sol sur l'activité
alimentaire des organismes vivant dans le sol - Test Bait-lamina (ISO 18311:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 18311:2018
ICS:
13.080.30 Biološke lastnosti tal Biological properties of soils
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 18311
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.080.30
English Version
Soil quality - Method for testing effects of soil
contaminants on the feeding activity of soil dwelling
organisms - Bait-lamina test (ISO 18311:2016)
Qualité du sol - Méthode pour tester les effets des Bodenbeschaffenheit - Verfahren zur Prüfung der
contaminants du sol sur l'activité alimentaire des Auswirkungen von Bodenverunreinigungen auf die
organismes vivant dans le sol - Test Bait-lamina (ISO Fraßaktivität von bodenbewohnenden Organismen -
18311:2016) Köderstreifentest (ISO 18311:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 18311:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
The text of ISO 18311:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 18311:2018 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 444 “Test methods for environmental characterization of solid matrices”
the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2018, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by August 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 18311:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18311:2018 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18311
First edition
2016-01-15
Soil quality — Method for testing
effects of soil contaminants on the
feeding activity of soil dwelling
organisms — Bait-lamina test
Qualité du sol — Méthode pour tester les effets des contaminants
du sol sur l’activité alimentaire des organismes vivant dans le sol —
Test Bait-lamina
Reference number
ISO 18311:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
ISO 18311:2016(E)
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
ISO 18311:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Reagents and material . 3
5.1 Bait material . 3
5.2 Reagents. 3
6 Apparatus (equipment). 3
7 Procedure. 3
7.1 General . 3
7.2 Preparation of the bait-lamina strips . 4
7.3 Experimental design and test performance . 5
7.4 Examination of the bait-lamina strips . 7
8 Expression of results . 8
9 Validity of the test . 8
10 Statistical analysis . 8
11 Test report . 8
Annex A (informative) Use of the bait-lamina method for monitoring the biological quality
of soils .10
Annex B (informative) Examples are taken from one study performed in the Brazilian
[30]
Amazon forest in which the removal of the litter layer was used as stressor .11
Bibliography .14
ISO 18311:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 4,
Biological methods.
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
ISO 18311:2016(E)
Introduction
Ecotoxicological test systems are applied to obtain information about the effects of contaminants in
[38]
soil and are proposed to complement conventional chemical analysis . In addition to laboratory
tests with individual species from important organism groups (e.g. earthworms, enchytraeids, or
collembolans), functional tests can be used to assess the activity of the whole soil organism community
in situ in the field and, thus, the habitat function of soil. They are potentially useful for the evaluation
[1][11][12][26][28]
of the effects of chemicals on the soil , as well as for the long-term monitoring of the
[16][18][34]
biological quality of soils (see Annex A) . Data for these purposes are gained by standardised
methods since they can form the basis for far-reaching decisions (e.g. whether a given site should be
remediated or not). In fact, the lack of such standardised methods is one of the most important reasons
why functional methods have been so far relatively rarely used for the assessment of contaminated
soils or for soil monitoring purposes.
The bait-lamina test is an approach which is used to measure the feeding activity of soil organisms in
[23][35][36]
situ .
The important advantage of the bait-lamina method is its simplicity. Minimal training, special skill, or
equipment is necessary. In contrast to the measurement of other functional paramet
...
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