EN 16603-35-10:2014

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Raumfahrttechnik - Kompatibilitätstests für FlüssigkeitsantriebeIngénierie spatiale - Essais de compatibilité des composants, sous-systèmes et systèmes de propulsion liquideSpace engineering - Compatibility testing for liquid propulsion components, subsystems and systems49.140Vesoljski sistemi in operacijeSpace systems and operationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16603-35-10:2014SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014en,fr,de01-november-2014SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16603-35-10
September 2014 ICS 49.140
English version
Space engineering - Compatibility testing for liquid propulsion components, subsystems and systems
Ingénierie spatiale - Essais de compatibilité des composants, sous-systèmes et systèmes de propulsion liquide
Raumfahrttechnik - Kompatibilitätstests für Flüssigkeitsantriebe This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 March 2014.
CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16603-35-10:2014 E SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

Figures Figure 4-1: Compatibility testing flow chart . 18 Figure A-1 : Example of compatibility assessment . 45 Figure A-2 : Example of compatibility assessment, references . 46
Tables Table D-1 : Known incompatibilities . 55
Compatibility encompasses the interaction of two or more materials, solids (e.g. structural materials), liquids (e.g. propellants, simulation and cleaning liquids) or gases (e.g. air, pressurants). In case the interaction has the effect that the properties of the materials change, there is the possibility of a compatibility issue. The standard:
• identifies materials used in propulsion for which incompatibility can create problems,
• identifies the time scale at which problems can occur. It makes a difference whether a system is only stored or operational for a short period and is to function only during launch (time scale measured in months) and systems that have a long life in orbit (time scale measured in years),
• identifies the liquid propulsion components, subsystems and systems to be subject to compatibility testing,
• identifies, specifies and defines the tests, test conditions and compatibility test procedures to ensure that representative compatibility testing can take place, and
• establishes the test requirements. The standard is applicable to the design and the qualification of liquid propulsion components, sub-systems and systems and can be applied to their development; it also applies to COTS items procured for the propulsion system. From the tests described in this standard the effects of interactions of space propulsion materials and fluids on the components, subsystems and systems can be established. In this way it can be assured that the component, subsystem or system satisfies the requirements. This standard is limited to tests on component-, subsystem- and system-level. Only for those cases where new materials, substances or conditions are involved for which there is no experience or data available, the performance of screening tests is specified. This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constrains of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

EN reference Reference in text Title EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system – Glossary of terms EN 16603-32 ECSS-E-ST-32 Space engineering – Structural general requirements EN 16603-32-10 ECSS-E-ST-32-10 Space engineering – Structural factors of safety for spaceflight hardware EN 16603-35 ECSS-E-ST-35
Space engineering – Propulsion general requirements EN 16603-35-06 ECSS-E-ST-35-06 Space engineering – Cleanliness requirements for spacecraft propulsion hardware EN 16602-70-36 ECSS-Q-ST-70-36 Space product assurance – Material selection for controlling stress-corrosion cracking EN 16602-70-37 ECSS-Q-ST-70-37 Space product assurance – Determination of the susceptibility of metals to stress-corrosion cracking EN 16602-70-45 ECSS-Q-ST-70-45 Space product assurance – Mechanical testing of metallic materials
ASTM C 1291-00a Standard Test Method for Elevated Temperature Tensile Creep Strain, Creep Strain Rate, and Creep Time-to-Failure for Advanced Monolithic Ceramics
ASTM C 1337-96 Standard Test Method for Creep and Creep Rupture of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic Composites under Tensile Loading at Elevated Temperatures
ASTM C 1368-06 Standard Test Method for Determination of Slow Crack Growth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by Constant Stress-Rate Flexural Testing at Ambient Temperature
ASTM C 1465-08 Standard Test Method for Determination of Slow Crack Growth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by Constant Stress-Rate Flexural Testing at Elevated SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

ASTM C 1576-05 Standard Test Method for Determination of Slow Crack Growth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by Constant Stress Flexural Testing (Stress Rupture) at Ambient Temperature
ASTM D 395 Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
ASTM D 570-98
Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
ASTM D 624-00 Standard Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers
ASTM D 638-03 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
ASTM D 1434-82 (Reapproved 2003) Standard Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting
ASTM D 2240-04 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property – Durometer Hardness
ASTM G 4-95 Standard Guide for Conducting Corrosion Coupon Tests in Field Applications
ASTM G 31-72 (Reapproved 1999) Standard Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Materials
ASTM G 71-81 (reapproved 1998) Standard Guide for Conducting and Evaluating Galvanic Corrosion Tests in Electrolytes.
ASTM G 72-01 Standard Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
ASTM G 86-98a Standard test method for Determining Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Mechanical Impact in Ambient Liquid Oxygen and Pressurized Liquid and Gaseous Oxygen Environments
ASTM G 111-97 Standard Guide for Corrosion Tests in High Temperature or High Pressure Environment, or Both
ASTM G 142-98 Standard Test Method for Determination of Susceptibility of Metals to Embrittlement in Hydrogen Containing Environments at High Pressure, High Temperature, or Both
ISO 175 Plastics; Methods of Tests for the Determination of the Effects of Immersion in Liquid Chemicals
ISO 1817, 3rd edition 1999-03-01 Rubber, vulcanized – Determination of the effect of liquids
ISO 10297 Transportable gas cylinders — Cylinder valves — Specification and type testing
ISO 15859-1 Space systems – Fluid characteristics sampling and test methods - Oxygen SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

ISO 15859-7 Space systems – Fluid characteristics sampling and test methods – Hydrazine
ISO 21010 Cryogenic vessels — Gas/materials compatibility
NACE TM0499-99 Item No. 21239 Standard Test Method Immersion Corrosion Testing of Ceramic Materials
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard 3.2.1 ageing entirety of all changes in chemical and physical characteristics occurring in a material in the course of time 3.2.2 auto ignition temperature lowest temperature at which a substance produces hot-flame ignition in the environment and at the pressure without the aid of an external energy source 3.2.3 compatibility absence of unacceptable performance or reliability loss due to chemical reactions and physical changes in materials or substances during the compatibility life NOTE 1 Compatibility always involves two or more materials in contact with each other. NOTE 2 Compatibility is always related to the application and the requirements. 3.2.4 compatibility life life cycle from the first exposure of two or more materials to each other until disposal SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

3.2.7 dissimilar metals metals with different electrochemical potentials 3.2.8 galvanic corrosion corrosion as a result of an electrochemical potential difference between electrical conductors in an electrolyte 3.2.9 hydrogen embrittlement condition of low ductility or reduced mechanical properties resulting from the absorption of hydrogen NOTE
stress intensity factor, K factor describing the stress state near the tip of a crack caused by a remote load, residual stress or both. NOTE
The magnitude of K depends on sample geometry, the size and location of the crack, and the magnitude and the modal distribution of loads on the material. aYK⋅⋅⋅=πσ where: a half the crack length K stress intensity factor
Y dimensionless geometrical function σ applied stress 3.3 Abbreviated terms For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and the following apply:
Abbreviation
Meaning CAAR compatibility assessment and applicability report COTS commercial of-the-shelf CPE chlorinated poly ethylene CTLP compatibility testing for liquid propulsion DSC differential scanning calorimeter EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer EPR ethylene propylene rubber SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

For example: The test items treatments, processes and handling, to be the same as those for the actual flight hardware items.
b. The extent of compatibility testing shall comply with the reliability requirements for the component, subsystem or system. 4.1.3 Test duration a. The duration of the compatibility test shall be established using the compatibility life and mission reliability requirements
NOTE 1 The type of information to be obtained for the component, subsystem or system is e.g. a quick first impression or an impression based on an exposure under well controlled conditions with detailed and precise measurements. NOTE 2 For short compatibility lives (e.g. as for launchers), the duration of compatibility tests can be the same as the compatibility life or somewhat larger. For large compatibility lives (e.g. satellites in orbit) accelerated compatibility tests can be used. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

The severity of the compatibility issue can lead to intensive investigations (new materials, development risks), which can endanger the development schedule. 4.1.5 Phasing of tests a. The compatibility tests of clauses 4.2 and 5.1.2 shall be performed early during project Phase B. NOTE
This requirement is included in order that a proper material selection can be made, and that a proper data base can be established for the PDR. The priority and the planning of the tests is based on their duration or on those combinations of materials where the compatibility problems have been ranked severe. 4.2 Compatibility tests 4.2.1 Requirement for compatibility testing a. Compatibility testing of material combinations in propulsion systems shall be done in case there is no experimental or historical evidence that the combination meets the compatibility requirements. NOTE
This includes simulation and cleaning fluids, purging gases and cleaning and drying processes. b. The need for compatibility testing shall be assessed and included in
Annex A. 4.2.2 Compatibility testing of surface treated samples a. Samples of surface treated materials for propulsion systems, where there is no evidence that they meet the compatibility life, shall undergo compatibility testing. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

Surface treatment of materials is done for various reasons, amongst which improving the material compatibility characteristics. Typical surface treatments encompass passivation / chemical etching, anodising, polishing, coating such as: painting, plating, vacuum spraying / vacuum deposition, electro-deposition, organic coating, or changing surface properties by chemical adsorption (e.g. nitration, carbonization). 4.2.3 Provision COTS components 4.2.3.1 General a. It shall be demonstrated that COTS components meet the compatibility life requirement.
NOTE
For cost or time reasons COTS components can be selected for propulsion systems. If there is no certainty that all components of the COTS components meet the compatibility requirements, solutions are sought (e.g. redesign, surface treatment, replacement, requalification). 4.2.3.2 Surface treatment of COTS components a. If a component has undergone a surface treatment to meet the compatibility requirements, this component shall undergo compatibility testing in conformance with clauses 4.1.2 and 4.1.3. b. Modified COTS components shall undergo re-qualification and full functional testing to ensure its functionality according to clause 6.10. 4.2.4 Compatibility testing logic a. For completely unknown material combinations that involve energetic materials or materials for which the possibility exists of generating toxic or poisonous materials, safety tests shall be performed before starting compatibility testing, see clause 6.1.2. b. Compatibility testing should take place following the logic of Figure 4-1 NOTE 1 This guarantees that they are performed with increasing complexity, generation of details, and for the specific applications. NOTE 2 The requirements list needs to be tailored. It
depends on the specific application which tests are going to be performed and which by-SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

1. establishing a compatibility test plan in conformance with the elements identified in Annex B,
2. establishing a compatibility test procedure in conformance with the elements identified in Annex B, 3. assessing the results. b. In case no specific procedures have been identified in this standard, the compatibility test plan and compatibility test procedure shall be agreed with the customer. 4.2.6 Accept and reject criteria a. For every propulsion compatibility test, accept and reject criteria shall be established. NOTE 1
Accept and reject criteria judge the quality of the test itself as well as whether the material combinations meet the compatibility requirements. NOTE 2
A ‘grey zone’ in the accept / reject criteria requires consultation with the customer. 4.2.7 Deviations from standards or standard guides a. All deviations shall be identified, agreed with the customer and described in the compatibility test procedure 4.2.5a.2. 4.2.8 Execution of tests 4.2.8.1 Laboratories a. The laboratories performing the compatibility tests shall provide documented evidence that 1. they are certified to perform these tests, or 2. they are well experienced in the foreseen tests. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

1. the personnel is certified to perform these tests or 2. the personnel is well experienced to perform these tests. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

Figure 4-1: Compatibility testing flow chart PURE COMPATIBILITY TESTS (Clause 6.2) MATERIAL SELECTION COR-ROSION TESTS (Clause 6.3) POLYMERS AND CERAMICS PROPERTIES CHANGE DUE TO EXPOSURE TESTS (Clause 6.6) SPECIAL MATERIALS TESTING (Clause 6.9) GENERAL CORROSION TESTS (6.5) DISSOLUTION TESTS (Clause 6.8) MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TESTS (Clause 6.4) AGEING TESTS (Clause 6.7) Medium: (Propellant or simulant in solid, liquid or vapour form) Metallic solid material Ceramic solid material Polymeric solid material Liquid material Gaseous material Safety Tests (Clause 6.1.2) Immersion Screening Tests (Clause 6.2.1) Qualitative Immersion Tests (Clause 6.2.2) Immersion Characterization Tests (Clause 6.2.3) Tensile Tests (Clause 6.4.1) Creep Tests (Clause 6.4.2) Stress Corrosion Tests (Clause 6.4.3) Verification of Crack Propagation (Clause 6.4.4) Mechanical Properties
(Clause 6.6.2) Volume and mass properties (Clause 6.6.3) Permeability (Clause 6.6.4) Ageing of Polymers and lubricants (Clause 6.7.2) Ageing of Ceramics
(Clause 6.7.3) Dissolution of
solids
in liquids
(Clause 6.8.2) Miscibility of liquids (Clause 6.8.3) Dissolution of gases in liquids
(Clause 6.8.4) Operational Tests (Clause 6.10) Hydrogen Embrittlement Tests
(Clause 6.9.1) Imp test w. LOx & GOx (6.9.2.2), Spont. Ing. Test (6.9.2.3), Press. Surge Test (6.9.2.4) Oxygen Compatibility Tests (Clause 6.9.2) Red-Ox Potential Tests (Clause 6.3.2) Corrosion Potential Tests (Clause 6.3.3) General Corrosion (Clause 6.5.1) Galvanic Corrosion Test (Clause 6.5.2) Coupled galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion and pitting corrosion tests. (Clause 6.5.3) Corrosion of Ceramic Materials (Clause 6.5.4) SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

For example: 1 mg of copper and 1000 l of hydrazine. c. Compatibility shall be assessed and verified, by similarity, analysis or test and reported in the CAAR. d. It shall be demonstrated that the compatibility tests specified in the compatibility test plan cover the identified open incompatibilities and cases provided in Annex C and Annex D. e. Test results shall be reported in conformance with Annex B. 5.2 Ground storage and transport
5.2.1 Ground storage 5.2.1.1 General a. The supplier shall assess and report in conformance with Annex A compatibility problems due to the state of the propellant originating from: SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

Examples of states are composition, gas saturation level. 5.2.2 Transport a. It shall be ensured that corrosion or contamination does not occur during transport. b. Packaging shall be according to ECSS-E-ST-35-06 clause 8.1 ‘Approved coverings’. c. The output of 5.2.2 a and 5.2.2 b shall be reported in conformance with Annex A. 5.3 Known incompatibilities 5.3.1 Table of known incompatibilities In Annex D a table of known incompatibilities is given (Table D-1). The objective of this table is to highlight which combinations of materials used in liquid propulsion have shown incompatibilities. Whether or not material combinations are considered to be incompatible depends on the compatibility life. The table only identifies short-term incompatibility (order of months) and long-term incompatibility (order of several years). The table is neither exhaustive nor complete. References are given where available. If a material combination is not mentioned in Table D-1 this does not imply that the combination is compatible. It is important to check the references to obtain more detailed information on the conditions under which the incompatibility has been established. 5.3.2 General a. If material combinations are selected that appear in Table D-1 for the planned duration and conditions, the risks of using this combination shall be analysed. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

b. In case of unknown or new materials or substances, clause 4.2.4a and 6.1.2c shall apply. c. A safety test may be performed by bringing small quantities of the substances into contact with each other under controlled conditions in a safety cabinet. NOTE
The safety test is not a compatibility test, but a test that ensures that personnel and equipment is not endangered and has to follow the local safety regulations. As it is not a compatibility test, it is not dealt with in detail in this standard. 6.1.3 Environmental pollution a. The national regulations with regard to pollution and protection of the environment shall be observed when tests are executed. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

2. if 6.1.4.1a.1 is successful, then the immersion screening test. NOTE
Qualitative immersion tests are of somewhat longer duration and generate some numerical and chemical data about the compatibility of the combination that has been investigated.
6.1.4.2 Test conditions a. In case a mixture of two liquids is screened the mixture shall be submitted to a safety test according to clause 6.1.2a before undergoing the compatibility screening test according to clause 6.8.3.1. b. The sample conditions shall represent the conditions in actual use in the propulsion system.
6.1.4.3 Tests a. Exposure of the material to the fluid for two hours at ambient temperature and pressure shall not generate any visible effects or changes in either the material or the fluid. b. The test results shall be reported according to Annex B. 6.2 Pure compatibility tests 6.2.1 Immersion screening tests
6.2.1.1 Overview The immersion screening test is applicable for initially determining reactions between fluids and materials used in propulsion systems. The sample is immersed in the fluid. 6.2.1.2 Test condition a. The sample conditions shall be the same as those foreseen in actual use in the propulsion system. NOTE
Examples so sample conditions are: surface conditions, cleanliness, manufacturing process, and passivation. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

The duration of an immersion test is in the order of days to a few weeks. 6.2.2.2 Test activities a. The compatibility test procedure shall include: 1. preparation of the specimen; 2. the test temperature or test temperatures; 3. the test pressure or test pressures; 4. the inert gas to blanket or pressurize the container; 5. the duration of the test; 6. the selection of the test container: (a) including the size of the test specimen and the amount of fluid (ratio of the surface of the specimen to the volume of the fluid); (b) specifying the test temperatures and pressures; (c) specifying its material and surface preparation; (d) being inert with respect to the test specimen and fluid; (e) specifying the applicable safety procedures and measures. 7. the preparation of the container, including the: (a) internal surface; (b) cleanliness; (c) dryness; (d) leak tightness; (e) requirements for inert gas blanketing; (f) instrumentation. b. In case of fluids that are known to auto decompose, a reference test shall be performed and included in the procedure specified in 6.2.2.2a, with the fluid only present for the envisaged immersion test duration. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

For example: Colour, pitting and bubbles. 2. pressure; 3. temperature and heat generation; 4. volume and dimensions; 5. permeability; 6. mass; 7. mechanical properties; NOTE
For example: Any mechanical property of interest, such as hardness, strength, compression behaviour. 8. composition; 9. NVR. b. for polymers, mechanical properties before and after the immersion tests shall be determined according to clause 6.6. SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

For example the cast, forged, surface treatment and condition, heat treatment, processing, production batch. c. If the requirements specified in clause 4.1.2 cannot be met the samples to be tested shall be approved by the customer. 6.2.3.3 Closed vessel immersion characterization tests a. The compatibility test procedure shall specify: 1. The following parameters: (a) the test temperature or test temperatures; (b) the test pressure or test pressures; (c) the type of gas to blanket the container; (d) the level of submersion of the solid; (e) the number of samples to be tested; (f) the duration of the test with a minimum of two weeks; (g) a reference test on the fluid alone; (h) a reference test on the solid alone. 2. The selection of the test container, including: (a) the dimensions of the micro calorimeter, calorimeter or test vessel; (b) the amount of fluid in the container in view of contamination and accuracies; (c) the characteristics of the container together with the test specimen and the fluid (e.g. surface conditions, passivation, and compatibility); (d) the applicable safety procedures; SIST EN 16603-35-10:2014

NOTE 2 In case the observed changes in the surface conditions warrant this, more detailed investigations of the solid can be performed after the test. (d) chemical analysis of the composition of the liquid; NOTE
The objective here is to identify changes in the composition of t
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