EN 1363-1:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1363-1:2012
Preskusi požarne odpornosti - 1. del: Splošne zahteve
Fire resistance tests - Part 1: General requirements
Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
Essais de résistance au feu - Partie 1 : Exigences générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1363-1:2020
ICS:
13.220.50 Požarna odpornost Fire-resistance of building
gradbenih materialov in materials and elements
elementov
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 1363-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.220.40; 13.220.50 Supersedes EN 1363-1:2012
English Version
Fire resistance tests - Part 1: General requirements
Essais de résistance au feu - Partie 1 : Exigences Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen - Teil 1: Allgemeine
générales Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 November 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1363-1:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 6
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and designations . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols and designations .11
4 Test equipment .11
4.1 General .11
4.2 Furnace .12
4.3 Loading equipment .12
4.4 Test frames .12
4.5 Instrumentation .13
4.5.1 Temperature .13
4.5.2 Pressure .14
4.5.3 Load .14
4.5.4 Deflection .14
4.5.5 Integrity .14
4.6 Precision of measuring equipment .15
5 Test conditions .15
5.1 Furnace temperature .15
5.1.1 Heating curve .15
5.1.2 Tolerances .15
5.2 Furnace pressure .16
5.2.1 General .16
5.2.2 Establishing the neutral pressure plane .17
5.3 Furnace atmosphere .17
5.4 Loading.17
5.5 Restraint/boundary conditions .17
5.6 Ambient temperature conditions .18
5.7 Deviation from required test conditions .18
6 Test specimen(s) .18
6.1 Size .18
6.2 Number .18
6.2.1 Separating elements.18
6.2.2 Non-separating elements .18
6.3 Design .18
6.4 Construction .19
6.5 Verification .19
7 Installation of test specimen .19
7.1 General .19
7.2 Supporting constructions .19
7.2.1 General .19
7.2.2 Standard supporting constructions .19
7.2.3 Non-standard supporting constructions . 22
8 Conditioning . 22
8.1 Test specimen . 22
8.2 Supporting constructions . 22
9 Application of instrumentation . 23
9.1 Thermocouples . 23
9.1.1 Furnace thermocouples (plate thermometers) . 23
9.1.2 Unexposed surface thermocouples . 23
9.1.3 Internal thermocouples . 24
9.2 Pressure . 24
9.2.1 General . 24
9.2.2 Furnaces for vertical elements . 24
9.2.3 Furnaces for horizontal elements. 24
9.3 Deflection . 25
10 Test procedure . 25
10.1 Restraint application . 25
10.2 Load application . 25
10.3 Commencement of test . 25
10.4 Measurements and observations . 25
10.4.1 General . 25
10.4.2 Temperatures . 26
10.4.3 Furnace pressure . 26
10.4.4 Deflection . 26
10.4.5 Integrity . 26
10.4.6 Load and restraints . 27
10.4.7 General behaviour . 27
10.5 Termination of test . 28
11 Performance criteria . 28
11.1 Loadbearing capacity . 28
11.2 Integrity . 29
11.3 Insulation . 29
11.4 Consequential effects of failing certain performance criteria . 29
11.4.1 Insulation and integrity versus loadbearing capacity . 29
11.4.2 Insulation versus integrity . 29
12 Test report . 30
12.1 Test report . 30
12.2 Expression of test results in the test report . 32
Annex A (informative) Field of application of test results . 41
A.1 General . 41
A.2 Field of direct application. 41
A.3 Extended application. 41
Annex B (informative) The role of supporting constructions . 42
B.1 General . 42
B.2 Standard supporting constructions . 42
B.3 Non-standard supporting constructions . 42
Annex C (informative) General information on thermocouples . 44
C.1 Furnace thermocouples (plate thermometers) .44
C.1.1 Maintenance .44
C.1.2 Positioning .44
C.2 Internal thermocouples .44
C.2.1 General .44
C.2.2 Specification .44
C.2.3 Fixing methods and positioning .44
C.3 Unexposed face thermocouples .45
C.3.1 General .45
C.3.2 Positioning .45
C.3.2.1 Flat surfaces .45
C.3.2.2 Irregular surfaces .45
C.3.2.3 Small features .46
C.3.3 Fixing to specific materials .46
C.3.3.1 General .46
C.3.3.2 Steel .46
C.3.3.3 Mineral wool .46
C.3.3.4 Mineral fibre spray .46
C.3.3.5 Vermiculite/cement type spray .46
C.3.3.6 Boards of fibrous or mineral aggregate composition .46
C.3.3.7 Timber .46
C.3.3.8 Surfaces with applied finishes .47
Annex D (informative) Guidance on the basis for selection of the test load .48
D.1 General .48
D.2 Options for selecting the test load .48
Annex E (informative) Boundary and support conditions .49
Annex F (informative) Guidance on conditioning .50
F.1 General .50
F.2 Guidance on procedures for conditioning .50
F.3 Guidance on measurement techniques .51
F.3.1 Direct reading moisture meter .51
F.3.2 Oven drying techniques .51
Annex G (informative) Guidance on deflection measurements of vertical separating elements
using a fixed datum .52
G.1 General .52
G.2 Apparatus .52
G.3 Procedure.52
G.4 Reporting . 53
Bibliography . 54

European foreword
This document (EN 1363-1:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety
in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by August 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1363-1:2012.
The main change compared to EN 1363-1:2012 is:
a) a redefinition for the load bearing capacity criterion.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
This European standard is technically related to ISO 834-1 prepared by ISO/TC92/SC2 “Fire resistance
tests”.
EN 1363, Fire resistance tests, consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements (this European standard);
— Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures;
— Part 3: Verification of furnace performance (published as an ENV).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
The objective of determining fire resistance is to assess the behaviour of a specimen of an element of
building construction when subjected to defined heating and pressure conditions. The method provides
a means of quantifying the ability of an element to withstand exposure to high temperatures. It does so
by setting criteria against which the loadbearing capacity, the fire containment (integrity) and the
thermal transmittance (insulation) functions amongst other characteristics can be evaluated.
A representative sample of the element is exposed to a specified regime of heating and the performance
of the test specimen is monitored on the basis of criteria described in the standard. Fire resistance of the
test element is expressed as the time for which the appropriate criteria have been satisfied. The times so
obtained are a measure of the adequacy of the construction in a fire; but they have no direct relationship
with the duration time of a real fire.
Caution
The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out fire resistance testing is drawn to
the fact that fire testing might be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke
and gases will be emitted during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards might also arise during the
construction of the test elements or structures, their testing and disposal of test residues.
An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health needs to be made and safety precautions need
to be identified and provided. Written safety instructions will be issued. Appropriate training will be
given to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel will ensure that they follow written safety instructions
at all times.
Uncertainty of measurement of fire resistance
There are many factors which can affect the result of a fire resistance test. Those concerned with the
variability of the specimen including its materials, manufacture and installation are not related to the
uncertainty of measurement. Of the remainder, some, such as the different thermal dose provided by
different furnaces, are much more significant than others such as the accuracy of calibration of the data
logging system.
Because of the very labour intensive nature of the test, many of the factors that have a bearing on the
result are operator-dependent. The training, experience and attitude of the operator is thus crucial to
eliminate such variables which can significantly affect the degree of uncertainty of measurement.
Unfortunately, it is not possible to numerically quantify these factors and therefore any attempt to
determine uncertainty of measurement that does not take into account operator-dependent variables is
of limited value.
1 Scope
This document establishes the general principles for determining the fire resistance of various elements
of construction when subjected to standard fire exposure conditions. Alternative and additional
procedures to meet special requirements are given in EN 1363-2.
The principle that has been embodied within all European standards relating to fire resistance testing is
that where aspects and procedures of testing are common to all specific test methods e.g. the
temperature/time curve, then they are specified in this test method. Where a general principle is common
to many specific test methods but the details vary according to the element being tested (e.g. the
measurement of unexposed face temperature), then the principle is given in this document, but the
details are given in the specific test method. Where certain aspects of testing are unique to a particular
specific test method (e.g. the air leakage test for fire dampers), then no details are included in this
document.
The test results obtained might be directly applicable to other similar elements, or variations of the
element tested. The extent to which this application is permitted depends upon the field of direct
application of the test result. This is restricted by the provision of rules which limit the variation from the
tested specimen without further evaluation. The rules for determining the permitted variations are given
in each specific test method.
Variations outside those permitted by direct application are covered under extended application of test
results. This results from an in-depth review of the design and performance of a particular product in
test(s) by a recognized authority. Further consideration on direct and extended application is given in
Annex A.
The duration for which the tested element, as modified by its direct or extended field of application,
satisfies specific criteria will permit subsequent classification.
All values given in this document are nominal unless otherwise specified.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 520, Gypsum plasterboards — Definitions, requirements and test methods
EN 1363-2, Fire resistance tests — Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 1: Classification
using data from reaction to fire tests
EN ISO 13943:2017, Fire safety — Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2017)
EN 60584-1, Thermocouples — Part 1: EMF specifications and tolerances (IEC 60584-1)
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and designations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2017 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
actual material properties
properties of a material determined from representative samples taken from the test specimen for the
fire test according to the requirements of the specific product standard
3.1.2
characteristic material properties
properties of a material which are specified for a grade of material which may be used for design purposes
3.1.3
associated construction
form of construction required to test some types of test specimen
EXAMPLE The aerated concrete slabs on top of a beam.
3.1.4
deflection
movement associated with structural and or thermal actions
3.1.5
discontinuity
interruption in the construction associated with a change in material or a joint
Note 1 to entry: Examples of discontinuities are the joint between two adjacent boards in a partition, or the joint
between one type of construction and another, such as the joint between a partition and a doorset or the joint
between a partition and a glazed area within it.
3.1.6
element of building construction
defined construction component, such as a wall, partition, doorset, floor, roof, beam or column
3.1.7
exposed face
side of the test construction that is exposed to the heating conditions of the test
3.1.8
glowing
emittance of light without flaming associated with combustion of a material
3.1.9
insulation
ability of a test specimen of a separating element of building construction, when exposed to fire on one
side, to restrict the temperature rise of the unexposed face to below specified levels
3.1.10
integrity
ability of a test specimen of a separating element of building construction, when exposed to fire on one
side, to prevent the passage of flames and hot gases through and to prevent the occurrence of flames on
the unexposed side
3.1.11
loadbearing capacity
ability of a test specimen of a loadbearing element to support its test load, where appropriate, without
exceeding specified criteria with respect to both the extent of, and rate of, deflection
3.1.12
loadbearing element
element that is intended for use in supporting an external load in a building and maintaining this support
in the event of a fire
3.1.13
neutral pressure plane
elevation at which the pressure is equal inside and outside of the furnace
3.1.14
notional floor level
assumed floor level relative to the position of the building element in service
3.1.15
restraint
constraint to expansion or rotation (induced by thermal and/or mechanical actions) afforded by the
conditions at the ends, edges or supports of a test specimen
EXAMPLE Examples of different types of restraint are: longitudinal, rotational and lateral.
3.1.16
separating element
element that is intended for use in maintaining separation between two adjacent areas of a building in
the event of a fire
3.1.17
supporting construction
construction that may be required for the testing of some building elements into which the test specimen
is assembled
Note 1 to entry: For example, the wall into which a doorset is fitted, See Annex B.
3.1.18
sustained flaming
continuous flaming for a period of time greater than 10 s
3.1.19
test construction
complete assembly of the test specimen together with its supporting construction
3.1.20
test frame
frame containing the test construction for the purpose of mounting onto the furnace
3.1.21
test load
load applied to the test specimen
3.1.22
test specimen
element (or part) of building construction provided for the purpose of determining either its fire
resistance or its contribution to the fire resistance of another building element
3.1.23
discrete area(s)
portion(s) of the total surface of the test specimen, which may be expected to have different fire insulation
performance
3.2 Symbols and designations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and designations apply.
Symbol Unit Description
A °C min the area under the average furnace temperature/time curve
As °C min the area under the standard temperature/time curve
C mm axial contraction measured from the start of heating
d mm the distance from the extreme fibre of the design compression zone to
the extreme fibre of the design tensile zone of the structural section of
a flexural test specimen
D mm the deflection measured from the commencement of heating
h mm the initial height of the loaded vertical test specimen
L mm the length of the span of the test specimen
t min the time from the commencement of heating
T °C the temperature within the test furnace
ΔT K the temperature difference or the temperature rise
4 Test equipment
4.1 General
Equipment used to carry out the test consists essentially of the following:
a) a specially designed furnace to subject the test specimen to the test conditions;
b) control equipment to enable the temperature of the furnace to be controlled as required in 5.1;
c) equipment to control and monitor the pressure of the hot gases within the furnace as required in 5.2;
d) a frame in which the test construction can be erected and which can be positioned in conjunction
with the furnace so that appropriate heating, pressure and support conditions can be developed;
e) arrangement for loading and restraint of the test specimen as appropriate, including control and
monitoring of load;
f) equipment for measuring temperature in the furnace and on the unexposed face of the test specimen,
and where needed within the test specimen;
g) equipment for measuring the deflection of the test specimen;
h) equipment for evaluating integrity and for establishing compliance with the performance criteria
described in Clause 11;
i) equipment for establishing the elapsed time;
j) equipment for measuring the oxygen concentration of furnace gases.
4.2 Furnace
The test furnace shall be designed to employ liquid or gaseous fuels and shall be capable of:
a) heating of vertical or horizontal separating elements on one face, or
b) heating of columns on all sides, or
c) heating of walls on more than one side, or
d) heating of beams on three or four sides, as appropriate.
Other special furnaces may be required for specific elements.
The furnace linings shall consist of materials with densities less than 1 000 kg/m . Such lining materials
shall have a minimum thickness of 50 mm and shall constitute at least 70 % of the internally exposed
surface of the furnace.
The furnace shall be capable of providing the standard fire exposure conditions with respect to thermal
exposure and pressure.
Furnaces may be designed so that assemblies of more than one element can be tested simultaneously,
provided that all the requirements for each individual element can be complied with.
4.3 Loading equipment
The loading equipment shall be capable of subjecting test specimens to the level of loading determined
in accordance with 5.4. The load may be applied hydraulically, mechanically or by the use of weights.
The loading equipment shall be able to simulate conditions of uniform loading, point loading, concentric
loading, axial loading or eccentric loading as appropriate for the test construction. The loading equipment
shall be capable of maintaining the test load at a constant value (±5 % of the required value) without
changing its distribution and following the maximum deflection and the rate of deflection of the test
specimen until failure of loadbearing capacity occurs as defined in 11.3 or for the duration of the test,
whichever occurs sooner.
The loading equipment shall not significantly influence the heat transfer through the specimen nor
impede the use of the thermocouple insulating pads. It shall not interfere with the measurement of
surface temperature and/or deflection and shall permit general observation of the unexposed face. The
total area of the contact points between the loading equipment and the test specimen surface shall not
exceed 10 % of the total area of the surface of a horizontal test specimen.
4.4 Test frames
Special test frames or other means shall be employed to reproduce the boundary and support conditions
appropriate for the test constructions as required by 5.5. Different types of test constructions will require
test frames of differing stiffness. The performance of the test frames shall be evaluated by applying an
expansion force within the frame at mid-width between two opposite members and measuring the
increase in the internal dimension. The increase shall not exceed 5 mm with an applied force of 25 kN.
This evaluation shall be conducted in both directions of the frame.
Where test frames are to meet different requirements, these other requirements are given in the specific
test method.
4.5 Instrumentation
4.5.1 Temperature
4.5.1.1 Furnace thermocouples
The furnace thermocouples shall be plate thermometers comprised of an assembly of a folded nickel alloy
plate, a thermocouple fixed to it and insulation material.
The folded metal plate shall be constructed from a strip of austenitic nickel based superalloy for high
temperature oxidation resistance, (150 ± 1) mm long by (100 ± 1) mm wide by (0,7 ± 0,1) mm, folded to
the design as shown in Figure 1.
The measuring junction shall consist of nickel chromium/nickel aluminium (type K) wire as defined in
EN 60584-1, contained within mineral insulation in a heat resisting steel alloy sheath of nominal
diameter range of 1 mm to 3 mm, the hot junctions being electrically insulated from the sheath. The
thermocouple hot junction shall be fixed to the geometric centre of the plate in the position shown in
Figure 1 by a small strip made from the same material as the plate. The strip can be welded to the plate
or may be screwed to it to facilitate replacement of the thermocouple. The strip shall be approximately
18 mm by 6 mm if it is spot welded to the plate and nominally 25 mm by 6 mm if it is to be screwed to the
plate. The screw shall be 2 mm in diameter.
The assembly of plate and thermocouple shall be fitted with a pad of inorganic insulation material
nominally (97 ± 1) mm by (97 ± 1) mm by (10 ± 1) mm thick and with a density of (280 ± 30) kg/m .
Before the plate thermometers are first used, the folded plate part shall be aged by immersing it in a pre-
heated oven at 1 000 °C for 1 h, or exposing it in a fire resistance furnace for 90 min during a test carried
out following the standard temperature/time curve given in 5.1.1.
Where a plate thermometer is used more than once, a log of its use shall be maintained, indicating for
each use the checks made and duration of use. The thermocouple and the insulation pad shall be replaced
after 50 h exposure in the furnace.
4.5.1.2 Unexposed surface thermocouples
The temperature of the unexposed surface of the test specimen shall be measured by means of disc
thermocouples of the type shown in Figure 2. In order to provide a good thermal contact, type K
thermocouple wires, as defined in EN 60584-1, 0,5 mm in diameter (with tolerances as defined in
EN 60584-1) shall be soldered to a 0,2 mm thick by 12 mm diameter copper disc. It is also permitted to
use thermocouples whose wires have been twisted together and then soldered to the copper disc.
Each thermocouple shall be covered with a (30 ± 2) mm × (30 ± 2) mm × (2 ± 0,5) mm thick insulating
pad, silicate-fibre based and classified as A1 or A2 according to EN 13501-1. The pad material shall have
a density of (900 ± 100) kg/m , unless specified otherwise in specific test standards. The insulation pads
shall be cut to accommodate the thermocouple wires. If the thermocouple wires are soldered separately
to the disc as shown in Figure 2, the slots may originate from opposite corners of the pad or from mid
way along opposite edges. The measuring and recording equipment shall be capable of operating within
the limits specified in 4.6.
In the case of non-planar surface of the test specimen, the disc and/or pad shall be deformed to follow
the main surface profile. If there is difficulty in fixing the standard pad, the size of the pad may be reduced
on two parallel sides subject to covering the disc.
4.5.1.3 Roving thermocouples
One or more roving thermocouples of the design shown in Figure 3 shall be available to measure the
unexposed surface temperature during a test at positions where higher temperatures are suspected. The
measuring junction of the thermocouple shall consist of type K thermocouple wires as defined in
EN 60584-1, 1,0 mm in diameter soldered to a 12 mm diameter, 0,5 mm thick copper disc. The
thermocouple assembly shall be provided with a handle so that it can be applied over any point on the
unexposed surface of the test specimen.
4.5.1.4 Internal thermocouples
If information concerning the internal temperature of a test specimen or particular component is
required, it shall be obtained by means of thermocouples having characteristics appropriate to the range
of temperatures to be measured, as well as suitable to the type of materials in the test specimen. A
specification for the thermocouples for measurement of internal temperature is given in Annex C.
4.5.1.5 Ambient temperature thermocouple
A thermocouple shall be used to indicate the ambient temperature within the laboratory in the vicinity
of the test specimen both prior to and during the test period. The thermocouple shall be nominally 3 mm
diameter, mineral insulated, stainless steel sheathed type K thermocouple as defined in EN 60584-1 with
tolerances in accordance with EN 60584-1. The measuring junction shall be protected from radiated heat
and draughts with a device as shown in Figure 8.
4.5.2 Pressure
The pressure in the furnace shall be measured by means of one of the designs of sensors described in
Figure 4. The measuring and record
...