ASTM D1218-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Refractive Index and Refractive Dispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids
Standard Test Method for Refractive Index and Refractive Dispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Refractive index and refractive dispersion are fundamental physical properties, which can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize pure hydrocarbons and their mixtures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of refractive index, accurate to four decimal places or better, of transparent and light-colored hydrocarbons in the range of 1.3300 to 1.5000 at temperatures from 20 °C to 30 °C by manual (optical-mechanical) or automatic (digital) procedure.
1.2 The manual (optical-mechanical) procedure also covers the measurement of refractive dispersion accurate to the fourth decimal place or better.
Note 1: The test method may be suitable for measuring the refractive indices of liquids above 1.5000 and at temperatures both below 20 °C and above 30 °C; however, the test method precision may not apply. Verification of the accuracy of such measurements will depend upon the availability of reliable, certified reference standards that demonstrate the performance of the instrument used under the particular measuring conditions.
1.3 The test method may not be applicable to liquids that are strongly colored, or that have bubble points so near the test temperature that a reading cannot be obtained before substantial weathering takes place. Liquid color should be limited to No. 4 ASTM Color or lighter, as determined by Test Method D1500.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1218 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Refractive Index and Refractive Dispersion of Hydrocarbon
1
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1218; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of refractive
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
index, accurate to four decimal places or better, of transparent
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
and light-colored hydrocarbons in the range of 1.3300 to
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5000 at temperatures from 20°C to 30°C by manual
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
(optical-mechanical) or automatic (digital) procedure.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2 The manual (optical-mechanical) procedure also covers
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
themeasurementofrefractivedispersionaccuratetothefourth
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
decimal place or better.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
NOTE 1—The test method may be suitable for measuring the refractive
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
indicesofliquidsabove1.5000andattemperaturesbothbelow20°Cand
above 30°C; however, the test method precision may not apply. Verifi-
2. Referenced Documents
cation of the accuracy of such measurements will depend upon the
2
availability of reliable, certified reference standards that demonstrate the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
performance of the instrument used under the particular measuring
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
conditions.
D1500Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
1.3 Thetestmethodmaynotbeapplicabletoliquidsthatare
(ASTM Color Scale)
strongly colored, or that have bubble points so near the test
D6299Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
temperature that a reading cannot be obtained before substan-
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
tial weathering takes place. Liquid color should be limited to
Measurement System Performance
No. 4 ASTM Color or lighter, as determined by Test Method
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
D1500.
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
standard.
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants, Version
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
3
4.0.65
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
3. Terminology
Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
3.1 Definitions:
for additional information. The potential exists that selling
3.1.1 refractive dispersion, n—the difference between the
mercuryormercury-containingproducts,orboth,isprohibited
refractive indices of a substance for light of two different
bylocalornationallaw.Usersmustdeterminelegalityofsales
wavelengths, both indices being measured at the same tem-
in their location.
perature.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
2
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Subcommittee D02.04.0D on Physical and Chemical Methods. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1218–12 (2016). the ASTM website.
3
DOI: 10.1520/D1218-21. Out of print. No longer available from ASTM International Headquarters.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1218 − 12 (Reapproved 2016) D1218 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Refractive Index and Refractive Dispersion of Hydrocarbon
1
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1218; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of refractive index, accurate to four decimal places or better, of transparent and
light-colored hydrocarbons in the range of 1.3300 to 1.5000 at temperatures from 20 °C to 30 °C by manual (optical-mechanical)
or automatic (digital) procedure.
1.2 The manual (optical-mechanical) procedure also covers the measurement of refractive dispersion accurate to the fourth
decimal place or better.
NOTE 1—The test method may be suitable for measuring the refractive indices of liquids above 1.5000 and at temperatures both below 20 °C and above
30 °C; however, the test method precision may not apply. Verification of the accuracy of such measurements will depend upon the availability of reliable,
certified reference standards that demonstrate the performance of the instrument used under the particular measuring conditions.
1.3 The test method may not be applicable to liquids that are strongly colored, or that have bubble points so near the test
temperature that a reading cannot be obtained before substantial weathering takes place. Liquid color should be limited to No. 4
ASTM Color or lighter, as determined by Test Method D1500.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous materialsubstance that can cause
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, may has been demonstrated to be
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury
containing mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware (SDS) for additional informa-
tion. The potential exists that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by
law.or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their
location.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0D on Physical and Chemical Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2016November 2021. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20122016
as D1218 – 12.D1218 – 12 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/D1218-12R16.10.1520/D1218-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D1218 − 21
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels,
...
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