ASTM D6907-22
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling Soils and Contaminated Media with Hand-Operated Bucket Augers
Standard Practice for Sampling Soils and Contaminated Media with Hand-Operated Bucket Augers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Bucket augers (Fig. 1) are relatively inexpensive, readily available, available in different types depending on the media to be sampled, and most can be easily operated by one person. They collect a reasonably cylindrical but disturbed sample of surface or subsurface soil or waste. They are generally not suited for sampling gravelly or coarser soil and are unsuitable for sampling rock. There are other designs of hand augers, such as the Edelman auger, used to retrieve difficult materials such as waste, sands, peat, and mud.
FIG. 1 Bucket Auger
5.2 Bucket augers are commonly used equipment because they are inexpensive to operate, especially compared to powered equipment (that is, direct push and drill rigs). When evaluated against screw augers (Guide D4700), bucket augers generally collect larger samples with less chance of mixing with soil from shallow depths because the sample is retained within the auger bucket. Bucket augers are commonly used to depths of 3 m but have been used to much greater depths depending upon the soil or waste characteristics. In general, bucket augers can maintain open holes in unsaturated soils and saturated clay soils below the water table. Saturated sands will cave below the water table and perched zones and cohesionless dry sands may also cave. The sampling depth is limited by the force required to rotate the auger and the depth at which the bore hole collapses (unless bore casings or liners are used).
5.3 Bucket augers may not be suitable for the collection of samples for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) because the sample is disturbed and exposed to atmosphere during the collection process, which may lead to losses resulting in a chemically unrepresentative sample.
5.4 If VOC analysis is required, the bucket auger is used to reach the desired sample depth, a planer auger can be used to clean the base of the hole, and a hammered drive tube sampler (Fig. 2) can be used at the bottom of the hole. Drive ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated media samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated bucket auger (sometimes referred to as a barrel auger). Several types of bucket augers exist and are designed for sampling various types of soil. All bucket augers collect disturbed samples. Bucket augers can also be used to auger to the desired sampling depth and then, using a core-type sampler, collect a relatively undisturbed sample suitable for chemical analysis.
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large 300 mm or greater diameter bucket augers mechanically operated by large drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in Practice D1452/D1452M, paragraph 5.2.4. Practice D1452/D1452M on auger borings refers to this hand auger included in Practice D6907 as a barrel auger.
1.3 Refer to Guides D4700 and D6232 for information on other hand samplers. The bucket auger is often used for shallow surface soil sampling, but there are many other types of handheld augers, flight, screw, rotary powered, and agricultural push tube samplers. Practice D1452/D1452M addresses larger powered solid stem flight auger systems.
1.4 This standard does not address soil samples obtained with mechanical drilling, direct push, and sonic machines (refer to Guides D6286/D6286M and D6169/D6169M) or for collecting cores from submerged sediments (Guide D4823).
1.5 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see Practice D5792), general sample planning (see Guide D4687), and sampling design (for example, where to collect samples and what depth to sample (see Guide D6044)). Sampling for volatile organic compounds (see Guide D4547), equipment cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D5088), sample handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling (see Guide D6051), and sample preservation (Guide D4220/D4220M) are used in this s...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6907 − 22
Standard Practice for
Sampling Soils and Contaminated Media with Hand-
1
Operated Bucket Augers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6907; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment
standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to
used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated
the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
media samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated
Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI
bucket auger (sometimes referred to as a barrel auger). Several
shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
types of bucket augers exist and are designed for sampling
various types of soil. All bucket augers collect disturbed 1.7 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
samples. Bucket augers can also be used to auger to the desired one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
sampling depth and then, using a core-type sampler, collect a educationorexperienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwith
relatively undisturbed sample suitable for chemical analysis. professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large 300 mm or
intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
greater diameter bucket augers mechanically operated by large
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in
nor should this document be applied without consideration of
Practice D1452/D1452M, paragraph 5.2.4. Practice D1452/
a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the
D1452M on auger borings refers to this hand auger included in
title of this document means only that the document has been
Practice D6907 as a barrel auger.
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.3 Refer to Guides D4700 and D6232 for information on
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
other hand samplers. The bucket auger is often used for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
shallow surface soil sampling, but there are many other types
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of handheld augers, flight, screw, rotary powered, and agricul-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tural push tube samplers. Practice D1452/D1452M addresses
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
larger powered solid stem flight auger systems.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.4 This standard does not address soil samples obtained
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
with mechanical drilling, direct push, and sonic machines
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
(refer to Guides D6286/D6286M and D6169/D6169M)orfor
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
collecting cores from submerged sediments (Guide D4823).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.5 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see
Practice D5792), general sample planning (see Guide D4687),
2. Referenced Documents
and sampling design (for example, where to collect samples
2
and what depth to sample (see Guide D6044)). Sampling for 2.1 ASTM Standards:
volatile organic compounds (see Guide D4547), equipment
D1452/D1452M Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling
cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D5088), sample by Auger Borings
handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling
D2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
(see Guide D6051), and sample preservation (Guide D4220/ (Visual-Manual Procedures)
D4220M) are used in this standard.
D4220/D4220M Practices for Preserving and Transporting
Soil Samples
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 on
2
Sampling Equipment. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 15, 2022. Published May 2022. Origina
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6907 − 05 (Reapproved 2016) D6907 − 22
Standard Practice for
Sampling Soils and Contaminated Media with Hand-
1
Operated Bucket Augers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6907; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This practice describes the procedures and equipment used to collect surface and subsurface soil and contaminated media
samples for chemical analysis using a hand-operated bucket auger (hereafter(sometimes referred to as a bucket auger; sometimes
referred to as a barrel auger). Several types of bucket augers exist and are designed for sampling various types of soil. All bucket
augers collect disturbed samples, but bucket samples. Bucket augers can also be used to auger to the desired sampling depth and
then, using a core-type sampler, collect a relatively undisturbed sample.sample suitable for chemical analysis.
1.2 This practice does not cover the use of large (12-in. 300 mm or greater diameter)diameter bucket augers mechanically operated
by large drill rigs or similar equipment, such as those described in Practice D1452D1452/D1452M, section 3.2.4.paragraph 5.2.4.
Practice D1452/D1452M on auger borings refers to this hand auger included in Practice D6907 as a barrel auger.
1.3 Refer to Guides D4700 and D6232The term for information on other hand samplers. The bucket auger is used to differentiate
this type of hand operated auger from others of the solid or hollow stem types thatoften used for shallow surface soil sampling,
but there are many other types of handheld augers, flight, screw, rotary powered, and agricultural push tube samplers. Practice
D1452/D1452M are also hand held or operated.addresses larger powered solid stem flight auger systems.
1.4 This standard does not address soil samples obtained with mechanical drilling, direct push, and sonic machines (refer to Guides
D6286/D6286M and D6169/D6169M) or for collecting cores from submerged sediments (Guide D4823).
1.5 This practice does not address sampling objectives (see Practice D5792), general sample planning (see Guide D4687), and
sampling design (for example, where to collect samples and what depth to sample [see(see Guide D6044]), sampling)). Sampling
for volatile organic compounds (see Guide D4547), equipment cleaning and decontamination (see Practice D5088), sample
handling after collection such as compositing and subsampling (see Guide D6051), and sample preservation. Forpreservation
(Guide D4220/D4220Minformation on other types of augers, see Practice ) are used in this standard.D1452 and Guide D4700.
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.7 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 on Sampling
Equipment.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2016May 15, 2022. Published October 2016May 2022. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
D6907 – 05 (2010).(2016). DOI: 10.1520/D6907-05R16.10.1520/D6907-22.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D6907 − 22
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the
adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s
many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through
the ASTM consensus process.
1.8 This standard does not purport to
...
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