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ASTM E2893-13e1

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Greener Cleanups

Standard Guide for Greener Cleanups

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purpose—This guide provides a process for evaluating implementing, documenting, and reporting activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a cleanup as defined by the following core elements.  
4.1.1 Minimize Total Energy Use and Maximize Use of Renewable Energy—Reducing total energy use while also identifying means to increase the use of renewable energies throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include reducing energy use, use of energy efficient equipment, use of onsite renewable resources (for example, wind, solar), and purchase of commercial energy from renewable resources.  
4.1.2 Minimize Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gas Emissions—Reducing total air emissions, including emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases, throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include minimizing the generation and transport of airborne contaminants and dust, efficient use of emitting equipment (for example, vehicles and heavy equipment), use of advanced emission controls, and use of cleaner fuels or hybrid technologies.  
4.1.3 Minimize Water Use and Impacts to Water Resources—Minimizing the use of water and impacts to water resources throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include conserving water use in cleanup processes, use of water efficient products, water capture and reclamation for reuse, water efficient revegetation, and employing traditional BMPs for storm water, erosion, and sedimentation control.  
4.1.4 Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle Materials and Waste—Minimizing the use of virgin materials and generation of waste throughout the cleanup as well as maximizing the use of recycled materials. Possible methods may include using recycled and locally generated materials, reusing waste materials (for example, concrete made with coal combustion products), diverting construction and demolition debris from disposal by recycling recovered resources, and using rapidly renewable materials or certified wood products.  
4.1.5 Protect Land and Ecosystem...
SCOPE
1.1 Cleaning up sites improves environmental and public health conditions and as such can be viewed as “green.” However, cleanup activities use energy, water, and natural resources. The process of cleanup therefore creates its own environmental footprint. This guide describes a process for evaluating and implementing activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a cleanup project in the United States while working within the applicable regulatory framework and satisfying all applicable legal requirements.  
1.2 This guide may also be used as a framework for sites that are not located in the United States; however, the specific legal references are not applicable.  
1.3 This guide describes a process for identifying, evaluating, and incorporating best management practices (BMPs) and, when deemed appropriate, for integrating a quantitative evaluation into a cleanup to reduce its environmental footprint.  
1.4 This guide is designed to be implemented in conjunction with any cleanup process and should be used with other technical tools, guidance, policy, laws, and regulations to integrate greener cleanup practices, processes, and technologies into cleanup projects.  
1.5 This guide provides a process for evaluating and implementing activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a cleanup and is not designed to instruct users on how to clean up contaminated sites.  
1.6 ASTM also has a guide on Integrating Sustainable Objectives into Cleanups (E2876). That guide provides a broad framework for integrating elements of environmental, economic, and social aspects into cleanups. This guide may provide assistance with implementing E2876 and other sustainable remediation guidance, such as Holland, et al. (2011)(1).  
1.7 This guide specifically applies to the cleanup, not the redevelopment, of a site. However, the reasonably anticipated use of a site, if known, may influence the cleanup goals and scope.  
1.8 This ...

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Sep-2013
ICS
13.030.99 - Other standards related to wastes
Technical Committee
E50 - Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action
Drafting Committee
E50.04 - Corrective Action
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2893-13 - Standard Guide for Greener Cleanups
Effective Date
15-Sep-2013
Replaced By
ASTM E2893-16 - Standard Guide for Greener Cleanups
Effective Date
01-Apr-2016
Referred By
ASTM E2876-13(2020) - Standard Guide for Integrating Sustainable Objectives into Cleanup
Effective Date
15-Sep-2013
Referred By
ASTM E3033-16 - Standard Guide for Beneficial Use of Landfills and Chemically Impacted Sites
Effective Date
15-Sep-2013
Referred By
ASTM E3240-20 - Standard Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action for Contaminated Sediment Sites
Effective Date
15-Sep-2013

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ASTM E2893-13e1 - Standard Guide for Greener CleanupsASTM E2893-13e1 - Standard Guide for Greener Cleanups
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ASTM E2893-13e1 - Standard Guide for Greener Cleanups
English language
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: E2893 − 13
StandardGuide for
1
Greener Cleanups
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2893; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—8.3.2 and Table X3.1 were editorially corrected and references to adjuncts (2.4) added in June 2014.
1. Scope provideassistancewithimplementingE2876andothersustain-
able remediation guidance, such as Holland, et al. (2011)(1).
1.1 Cleaning up sites improves environmental and public
health conditions and as such can be viewed as “green.”
1.7 This guide specifically applies to the cleanup, not the
However, cleanup activities use energy, water, and natural
redevelopment, of a site. However, the reasonably anticipated
resources. The process of cleanup therefore creates its own
use of a site, if known, may influence the cleanup goals and
environmental footprint. This guide describes a process for
scope.
evaluating and implementing activities to reduce the environ-
1.8 This guide should not be used as a justification to avoid,
mental footprintofa cleanupprojectintheUnitedStateswhile
minimize, or delay implementation of specific cleanup activi-
working within the applicable regulatory framework and sat-
ties. Nor should this guide be used as a justification for
isfying all applicable legal requirements.
selecting cleanup activities that compromise stakeholder inter-
1.2 This guide may also be used as a framework for sites
ests or goals for the site.
that are not located in the United States; however, the specific
1.9 This guide does not supersede federal, state, or local
legal references are not applicable.
regulations relating to protection of human health and the
1.3 This guide describes a process for identifying,
environment.Noactiontakeninconnectionwithimplementing
evaluating, and incorporating best management practices
this guide should generate unacceptable risks to human health
(BMPs) and, when deemed appropriate, for integrating a
or the environment.
quantitative evaluation into a cleanup to reduce its environ-
1.10 This guide may be integrated into complementary
mental footprint.
standards, site-specific regulatory documents, guidelines, or
1.4 This guideisdesignedtobeimplementedinconjunction
contractualagreementsrelatingtosustainableorgreenerclean-
with any cleanup process and should be used with other
ups.
technical tools, guidance, policy, laws, and regulations to
1.10.1 If the cleanup is governed by a regulatory program,
integrate greener cleanup practices, processes, and technolo-
the user should discuss with the regulator responsible for site
gies into cleanup projects.
oversight how this guide could be incorporated into the
1.5 This guide provides a process for evaluating and imple- cleanup and whether the regulator deems it appropriate for the
menting activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a usertoreporttheprocessandresultstotheregulatoryprogram.
cleanup and is not designed to instruct users on how to clean
1.10.2 The contractual relationship or legal obligations
up contaminated sites.
existing between and among the parties associated with a site
or site cleanup are beyond the scope of this guide.
1.6 ASTM also has a guide on Integrating Sustainable
Objectivesinto Cleanups(E2876).That guideprovidesabroad
1.11 This guide is composed of the following sections:
framework for integrating elements of environmental,
Referenced Documents (Section 2); Terminology (Section 3);
economic, and social aspects into cleanups. This guide may
Significance and Use (Section 4); Planning and Scoping
(Section 5); BMP Process (Section 6); Quantitative Evaluation
1
(Section 7); Documentation and Reporting (Section 8); and
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE50onEnvironmental
Assessment, Risk Management and CorrectiveAction and is the direct responsibil- Keywords (Section 9).
ity of Subcommittee E50.04 on Corrective Action.
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2013. Published November 2013. DOI:
10.1520/E2893-13E01. safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
E2893 − 13
4
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 2.3 Other Documents:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- International Standards Organization —Environmental
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Management—Life Cycle Assessment—Requirements
and Guidelines,
...

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Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine Reclamation: Revegetation and Mitigation of Acid Mine Drainage

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 General—CCPs can effectively be used to reclaim surface mines (5-10). First, CCPs are ideally suited for use in numerous reclamation applications. Any type of CCP may be evaluated for use in mine reclamation. Project specific testing is necessary to ensure that the CCPs selected for use on a given project will meet the project objectives. Second, the use of CCPs can save money because they are available in bulk quantities and reduce expenditures for the manufacture and purchase of Portland cement or quicklime. Third, large-scale use of CCPs for mine reclamation conserves valuable landfill space by recycling a valuable product to abate acid mine drainage and reduce the potential for mine subsidence, provided that the CCP is environmentally and technically suitable for the desired use. The availability of CCPs makes it possible to reclaim abandoned mineland that could not otherwise be reclaimed. The potential for leaching constituents contained in CCPs should be evaluated to ensure that there is no adverse environmental impact.  
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4.2.1 Physical Properties:  
4.2.1.1 Unit Weight—Unit weight is the weight per unit volume of material. Fly ash has a low dry unit weight, typically about 50 to 100 pcf (8 to 16 kN/m3). Bottom ash is also typically lighter than coarse grained soils of similar gradation. Stabilized FGD material from a wet scrubber and FGD material from a dry scrubber are also relatively lightweight, with u...
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1.1 This guide covers the beneficial use of coal combustion products (CCPs) for abatement of acid mine drainage and revegetation for surface mine reclamation applications related to area mining, contour mining, and mountaintop removal mining. It does not apply to underground mine reclamation applications. There are many important differences in physical and chemical characteristics that exist among the various types of CCPs available for use in mine reclamation. CCPs proposed for each project must be investigated thoroughly to design CCP placement activities to meet the project objectives. This guide provides procedures for consideration of engineering, economic, and environmental factors in the development of such applications.  
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1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purpose—This guide provides a process for identifying, prioritizing, selecting, implementing, documenting, and reporting activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a cleanup as defined by the following core elements.  
4.1.1 Minimize Total Energy Use and Maximize Use of Renewable Energy—Reducing total energy use while also identifying means to increase the use of renewable energies throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include reducing energy use, using energy efficient equipment, using on-site renewable resources (for example, wind, solar), and purchasing commercial energy from renewable resources.  
4.1.2 Minimize Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gas Emissions—Reducing total air emissions, including emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases, throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include minimizing the generation and transport of airborne contaminants and dust, using efficient emitting equipment (for example, vehicles and heavy equipment), using advanced emission controls, and using cleaner fuels or hybrid technologies.  
4.1.3 Minimize Water Use and Impacts to Water Resources—Minimizing the use of water and impacts to water resources throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include conserving water use in cleanup processes, using water efficient products, capturing and reclaiming water for reuse, revegetating with water efficient plants, and employing traditional BMPs for storm water, erosion, and sedimentation control.  
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1.1 Cleaning up sites improves environmental and public health conditions and as such can be viewed as “green.” However, cleanup activities use energy, water, and natural resources. The process of cleanup therefore creates its own environmental footprint. This guide describes a process for evaluating and implementing activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a cleanup project in the United States while working within the applicable regulatory framework and satisfying all applicable legal requirements.  
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Standard Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Development of Data Quality Objectives

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Environmental data are often required for making regulatory and programmatic decisions. Decision makers must determine whether the levels of assurance associated with the data are sufficient in quality for their intended use.  
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1.1 This practice covers the process of development of data quality objectives (DQOs) for the acquisition of environmental data. Optimization of sampling and analysis design is a part of the DQO process. This practice describes the DQO process in detail. The various strategies for design optimization are too numerous to include in this practice. Many other documents outline alternatives for optimizing sampling and analysis design. Therefore, only an overview of design optimization is included. Some design aspects are included in the practice's examples for illustration purposes.  
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5.1 This standard, used in conjunction with a verification protocol can be used to gain certification for the purposes of the removal of trash and/or debris from stormwater runoff in order to meet regulatory and permit needs.
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1.1 The purpose of this guide is to facilitate development of a waste management plan for construction, deconstruction, or demolition projects (hereafter, construction waste management (CWM) plan).  
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Note 1: For example, included is any waste generated during these activities such as structural and finish materials and construction chemicals; construction product and materials packaging; construction office waste, including paper documents; wastes from site development work, such as excavated soils, rocks, vegetation, and stumps; and other ancillary items, such as broken tools, safety materials/personal protective equipment, and food and beverages and their packaging. The list of items above is offered for illustration purposes only; it is not intended to be fully inclusive of all materials from a construction, deconstruction, or demolition project that are suitable for reuse, repurposing, manufacturer reclamation, composting, or recycling.  
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1.1 This specification covers cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products associated with food, landscape waste, and other compost feedstocks, which are intended to be composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and industrial composting facilities, where thermophilic temperatures are achieved.  
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1.3 This specification excludes end items where thermoplastic polymer is laminated or extruded to cellulosic substrates.  
1.4 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products as “compostable in aerobic municipal and industrial composting facilities” in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Federal Trade Commission,2 provided the label includes proper qualifications as to the availability of such facilities.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Materials made from photodegradable plastics are intended to deteriorate rapidly when exposed to solar radiation, oxygen, heat, moisture and other degrading elements of the weather. This practice is used for evaluating the photodegradability of plastics when exposed in an apparatus that produces simulated daylight (1,2)6 and controlled temperature and moisture. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and salt water exposure. There can be no positive correlation of exposure results between this and other laboratory weathering devices.  
4.2 Variations in results can be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all test results using this practice must be accompanied by the specific operating conditions required in Section 9. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.  
4.3 The results of laboratory exposure cannot be directly extrapolated to estimate absolute rate of deterioration by the environment because the acceleration factor is material dependent and can be significantly different for each material and for different formulations of the same material. However, exposure of a similar material of known outdoor performance, a control, at the same time as the test specimens allows comparison of the durability relative to that of the control under the test conditions. Evaluation in terms of relative durabilities also greatly improves the agreement in test results among different laboratories (3).  
4.4 Test results will depend on the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G155. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control and condition and age of the burners and ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for xenon arc exposure of photodegradable plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G155. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for photodegradable plastics, and the evaluation of test results.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This practice is technically equivalent to ISO 4892-2 and Practice D2565 which cover xenon arc exposures of plastics intended for long term use in outdoor applications.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7473/D7473M-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Weight Attrition of Non-floating Plastic Materials by Open System Aquarium Incubations

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the weight loss as a function of time of non-floating plastic materials (including formulation additives), when incubated under changing, open, marine aquarium conditions, which is representative of aquatic aerobic environments near the coasts and near the bottom of a body of water in the absence of sunlight, particularly UV and visible portions of the spectrum. The goal of this test is to obtain data that can be used to assess the potential for physical degradation of the test material. Such potential for physical degradation will be affected by real life environmental conditions.  
1.2 In particular this test method does not take into consideration the possible effects of solar irradiation.  
1.3 The aquarium-incubated plastic materials are examined for visual degradation and dry weight loss over time. This test does not provide information on ultimate biodegradation (that is, it is not a replacement for Test Method D6691), but it is an ASTM method for weight attrition. The standard addresses only weight loss as a function of time of the plastics materials in a marine environment and shall not be used for demonstrating ultimate biodegradation.  
1.4 This test method does not provide information regarding the potential formation of microplastics due to the physical degradation of the samples.  
1.5 Plastic pieces of known size and thickness are used at levels so as not to exceed the availability of micronutrients essential for and therefore limit the microbial processes.  
1.6 The aquarium incubation test method allows for representative indigenous microorganisms present in seawater and marine sediment to be enriched for and carry out the biodegradation. It is recommended that the test be carried out in the geographical vicinity (latitudinal area) where the test materials are likely to be used. These Aquarium studies are conducted in indoor environments, hence any sunlight-induced effects on degradation, or biodegradation, or both, are not taken into account.  
1.7 This test by itself shall not be used as the basis for claims, such as “Biodegradable in Marine Environments” since it is only a weight loss test method. This test method is solely a means for measuring a characteristic (physical degradation) under standard conditions. It does not assess the general environmental impact of plastic products.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems has the potential to result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off