ASTM C1146-96

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 1146 – 96
Standard Guide for
Prefabricated Panel Insulation Systems for Ducts and
Equipment Operating at Temperatures Above Ambient Air
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1146; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 convection barriers—barriers to air flow placed be-
tween the inner liner and the hot surface being insulated. These
1.1 This guide describes construction and installation of
may be a combination of sheet metal and insulation material.
prefabricated panel insulation systems for vessels, ducts, and
Generally, these are required on vertical and inclined surfaces.
equipment operating at temperatures above ambient. Typical
3.1.2 flashing—sheet metal of the same material as the
applications include, but are not limited to, power plant ducts,
lagging, used to cover openings in the insulation, such as
steam generating units, precipitators, bag houses, fans, refinery
corners and penetration.
storage tanks, process vessels, and coke drums.
3.1.3 inner—the innermost surface or cover of the prefab-
1.2 The insulation described herein is limited to systems
ricated panel (closest to the hot surface). This may be com-
consisting of insulating units specially designed to fit the
posed of aluminum foil and metal mesh.
surfaces to be insulated, and engineered for the service
3.1.4 insulation—essentially homogenous insulation in
requirements.
which relevant properties are not a function of position within
1.3 Each insulation unit is a prefabricated construction
the material itself, but may be a function of such variables as
typically comprised of insulation, an outer lagging to which the
time and temperature.
insulation is attached, an inner metal mesh and foil lining, and
3.1.5 lagging—the outermost cover or sheet of the prefab-
means for securing multiple units together in an assembly.
ricated panel (farthest from the hot surface), which performs a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
structural function as well as provides weather protection. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
lagging is generally fabricated from corrugated, ribbed, or flat
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sheet.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.6 penetrations—openings in a unit of insulation from
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the hot surface through to the cold surface.
NOTE 1—When prefabricated panel systems are specified, Test Meth-
3.1.7 retaining devices—metallic members passing through
ods C 167, C 177, and C 1061, and Terminology C 168 should be
the insulation between the hot surface and the cold surface.
considered.
Generally, pins, prongs, or other acceptable means used to hold
the assembly together.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.8 support member—straps, bars, or angles attached to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the surface being insulated and to which the insulation units are
C 167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket
2 attached.
or Batt Thermal Insulation
3.1.9 unit of insulation—a single structurally-independent
C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulating Materi-
2 assembly typically consisting of lagging, inner liner, insulation,
als
and retaining devices.
C 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
4. Significance and Use
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
4.1 The purpose of this guide is to ensure proper specifica-
C 1061 Test Method for Thermal Transmission Properties
tion and installation of thermally and mechanically engineered
of Nonhomogeneous Insulation Panels Installed Vertically
units of prefabricated insulation panels. These panels are to be
designed to:
3. Terminology
4.1.1 Limit loss of heat from insulated surface.
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.1.2 Limit exposed surface temperatures for thermal pro-
tection of personnel.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-16 on Thermal
4.1.3 Maintain temperatures of the insulated equipment at
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 on Insulation
or above a specified minimum value required for the proper
Systems.
Current edition approved May 10, 1996. Published June 1996. Originally operation of the equipment.
published as C 1146 – 89. Last previous edition C 1146 – 89.
4.1.4 Produce an assembly that provides allowance for
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 1146
thermal expansion and is of a weathertight construction. alternatives will be required:
5.2.3.1 External guarding,
5. Panel Design Specifications
5.2.3.2 Additional insulation,
5.1 General:
5.2.3.3 High emittance outer lagging, or
5.1.1 The purchase specification should clearly indicate the
5.2.3.4 Other acceptable techniques agreed to between the
surfaces to be insulated. Either insulation type and thickness or
purchaser and the supplier.
heat loss requirements shall be part of the specification.
6. Panel Shipping, Storage, and Handling
5.1.2 The purchase specification should clearly indicate the
operating temperature of the item to be insulated. Up-set or 6.1 All insulation materials should be shipped, stored, and
worst-case conditions may be considered.
handled in a manner that will result in their remaining in the
5.1.3 Heat loss through uninsulated surfaces, or increased same condition as they left the supplier.
heat loss that results when it is necessary to reduce insulation
6.2 Shipping containers should be weather-resistant and
thickness to accommodate mechanical interferences with other
sturdy to limit entrance of contaminants and damage to the
equipment, supports, hangers, etc., should be accounted for in
insulation during shipment and storage.
the insulation design.
6.3 Shipping containers should be identified with the pur-
5.1.4 High heat conduction paths through the insulation
chase order number, the material identification number, special
should be minimized.
shipping and handling instruction (this side up
...