ASTM F3016/F3016M-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Surrogate Testing of Vehicle Impact Protective Devices at Low Speeds
Standard Test Method for Surrogate Testing of Vehicle Impact Protective Devices at Low Speeds
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a procedure to establish a penetration rating for vehicle protective devices subjected to low-speed vehicle impact. Knowing the penetration rating provides the end user with the ability to select an appropriate protective device for site-specific conditions.
5.2 The protective device penetration rating does not imply that a device will perform as rated in all site conditions, approach routes, and topography. Also, this test method requires that the specimen only be tested at a specific impact location and, therefore, not all locations of impact can be tested and validated for a penetration rating. Other impact locations may provide different penetration ratings.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a range of impact speeds to be used with a 22 250-N [5000 lb] surrogate test vehicle. This test method establishes a range for penetration performance ratings. End users will be responsible for identifying the appropriate vehicle impact speed and penetration performance ratings in this test method that satisfies their specific needs.
1.1.1 In addition, end users may assign certification ratings for vehicle protective devices based on the test methodologies described herein. Test parameters are standardized to arrive at a common vehicle weight, enhance test realism and replication, and produce uniform rating designations.
1.1.2 The selected reference points for the vehicle protective devices are intended to protect assets on the protected side. Therefore, points of reference may vary from other standards.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3016/F3016M − 19
Standard Test Method for
Surrogate Testing of Vehicle Impact Protective Devices at
1
Low Speeds
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF3016/F3016M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
City and county governments are beginning to adopt legislation intended to reduce the increasing
number of vehicle-into-building impacts. Typically, these ordinances are enforced as part of zoning
laws, which require a protective device to be installed to protect pedestrians and storefront property
where nose-in or head-in parking is present. For instance, in July 2012, The County of Miami Dade
Florida adopted a zoning amendment requiring protective devices be installed to protect pedestrian
traffic on sidewalks and inside storefronts for all new commercial construction. Examples of ways
these protective devices might be deployed otherwise include the protection of patrons at bus stops;
storefronts of commercial entities where parking or the direction of traffic flow are perpendicular to
thebuilding;restaurantpatiosborderingthestreetoronasidewalk;andtheseprotectivedevicescould
be used to protect propane tanks, gas pumps, and other hazardous materials to promote public safety.
As the demand for vehicle impact protection devices increases, the ability to evaluate whether each
protectivedeviceperformsasintendedtoprotectthepeople,area,orassetisrequired.Guidelineshave
been developed previously to test vehicle protective devices by applying a static load at a particular
location on the protective device. For instance, the State Fire Marshal Division of the Minnesota State
Department of Public Safety has issued an “Aboveground Storage Tank Plan” that discusses how to
install above ground storage tanks. Section 3.8.1 states if a physical barrier is to be used to protect the
storage tank, it “shall be a minimum of 36 inches in height and shall resist a force of 12 000 pounds
applied 36 inches above the adjacent ground surface.” While such static test methods are beneficial in
certain instances, the performance of a protective device when impacted dynamically cannot be
conclusively predicted using such a test method.
Test Methods have been developed previously that provide for a range of impact conditions,
designations, and penetration performance ratings for vehicles traveling at high speeds. Test Method
F2656/F2656M provides for impact speeds from 50 to 100 km/h [30 to 60 mph] for a series of test
vehicleswhichincludeapassengerpickuptruckwithnominalweightof22250N[5000lb].However,
Test Method F3016/F3016M has been formally developed to quantify the dynamic performance of a
vehicle protective device in arresting a 22 250 N [5000 lb] surrogate test vehicle that represents a
passenger pickup truck for impact speeds from 20 to 50 km/h [10 to 30 mph].
1. Scope method establishes a range for penetration performance rat-
ings. End users will be responsible for identifying the appro-
1.1 Thistestmethodprovidesarangeofimpactspeedstobe
priate vehicle impact speed and penetration performance rat-
used with a 22 250-N [5000 lb] surrogate test vehicle.This test
ings in this test method that satisfies their specific needs.
1.1.1 In addition, end users may assign certification ratings
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F12 on Security
for vehicle protective devices based on the test methodologies
Systems and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F12.10 on
Systems Products and Services.
described herein. Test parameters are standardized to arrive at
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019. Published Septemer 2019. Originally
acommonvehicleweight,enhancetestrealismandreplication,
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F3016/F3016M – 14.
and produce uniform rating designations.
DOI: 10.1520/F3016_F3016M-19.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F3016/F3016M − 19
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1.1.2 The selected reference points for the vehicle protec- 2.5 TRB Standards:
tivedevicesareintendedtoprotectassetsontheprotectedside. NCHRP Report 350 Recommended Procedures for the
Therefore, points of reference may vary from other standards. Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
3. Terminology
pound units are to
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3016/F3016M − 14 F3016/F3016M − 19
Standard Test Method for
Surrogate Testing of Vehicle Impact Protective Devices at
1
Low Speeds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3016/F3016M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
City and county governments are beginning to adopt legislation intended to reduce the increasing
number of vehicle-into-building impacts. Typically, these ordinances are enforced as part of zoning
laws, which require a protective device to be installed to protect pedestrians and storefront property
where nose-in or head-in parking is present. For instance, in July 2012, The County of Miami Dade
Florida adopted a zoning amendment requiring protective devices be installed to protect pedestrian
traffic on sidewalks and inside storefronts for all new commercial construction. Examples of ways
these protective devices might be deployed otherwise include the protection of patrons at bus stops;
storefronts of commercial entities where parking or the direction of traffic flow are perpendicular to
the building; restaurant patios bordering the street or on a sidewalk; and these protective devices could
be used to protect propane tanks, gas pumps, and other hazardous materials to promote public safety.
As the demand for vehicle impact protection devices increases, the ability to evaluate whether each
protective device performs as intended to protect the people, area, or asset is required. Guidelines have
been developed previously to test vehicle protective devices by applying a static load at a particular
location on the protective device. For instance, the State Fire Marshal Division of the Minnesota State
Department of Public Safety has issued an “Aboveground Storage Tank Plan” that discusses how to
install above ground storage tanks. Section 3.8.1 states if a physical barrier is to be used to protect the
storage tank, it “shall be a minimum of 36 inches in height and shall resist a force of 12 000 pounds
applied 36 inches above the adjacent ground surface.” While such static test methods are beneficial in
certain instances, the performance of a protective device when impacted dynamically cannot be
conclusively predicted using such a test method.
Test Methods have been developed previously that provide for a range of impact conditions,
designations, and penetration performance ratings for vehicles traveling at high speeds. Test Method
F2656F2656/F2656M provides for high speed impact speeds of 65, 80, and from 50 to 100 km/h [40,
50, and 60 mph]. However, no ASTM test[30 to 60 mph] for a series of test vehicles which include
a passenger pickup truck with nominal weight of 22 250 N [5000 lb]. However, Test Method
F3016/F3016M method has been formally developed to quantify the dynamic performance of a
vehicle protective device at speeds of 50 km/h [30 mph] and lower.in arresting a 22 250 N [5000 lb]
surrogate test vehicle that represents a passenger pickup truck for impact speeds from 20 to 50 km/h
[10 to 30 mph].
1. Scope
1.1 This test method provides a range of impact speeds to be used with a 22 250-N [5000 lb] surrogate test vehicle. This test
method establishes a range for penetration performance ratings. End users will be responsible for identifying the appropriate
vehicle impact speed and penetration performance ratings in this test method to satisfythat satisfies their specific needs.
1.1.1 In addition, end users may assign certification ratings for vehicle protective devices based on the test methodologies
described herein. Test parameters are standardized to arrive at a common vehicle weight, enhance test realism and replication, and
produce uniform rating designations.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F12 on Security Systems and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F12.10 on
Systems Products and Services.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014Aug. 1, 2019. Published December 2014Septemer 2019. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
F3016/F3016M – 14. DOI: 10.1520/F3016_F3016M-14.10.1520/F3016_F3016M-19.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F3016/F3
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