ASTM D6092-21

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
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Designation: D6092 − 14 D6092 − 21
Standard Practice for
Specifying Standard Sizes of Stone for Erosion Control
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6092; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Figure 4 was editorially corrected in June 2018.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This practice covers size designations and maximum ranges in mass or gradation for standard sizes for riprap, spalls, or
bedding, or both, used for slope protection of dam embankments, streambank erosion control, bridge piers and abutments. Sizes
used for outer harbor structures such as breakwalls, revetments, confined diked disposal structures (heretofore described as armor
stone, cover stone, or dimension stone) for which stone sizes range between 5 and 25 tons, or that require cut dimensions for
layed-up structures are beyond the scope of this practice.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalra-
tionalized conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This practice offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course
of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment.
Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace
the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied
without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the
document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D4992 Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
D5519 Test Methods for Particle Size Analysis of Natural and Man-Made Riprap Materials
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.17 on Rock for Erosion Control.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2021. Published March 2014November 2021. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20082014 as
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D6092 – 97 (2008).D6092 – 14 . DOI: 10.1520/D6092-14E01.10.1520/D6092-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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D6092 − 21
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of common technical terms in this practice, refer to Terminology D653.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 filter/bedding stone/spalls—stone/spalls, n—stone, filter stone consisting of crushed stone ranging in size from minus 2.0 in.
(50 mm) to No. 100 (150 μm) and bedding stone, often referred to as “spalls,” consisting of crushed stone ranging in size from
minus 6 ⁄2 in. (163 mm) to No. 16 (1.18 mm). Filter and bedding may be placed in two layers prior to the riprap placement, that
is, a filter layer 8 to 10 in. (200 to 250 mm) thick and a bedding layer of 6 to 8 in. (150 to 200 mm) thick.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Filter and bedding may be placed in two layers prior to the riprap placement, that is, a filter layer 8 to 10 in. (200 to 250 mm) thick
and a bedding layer of 6 to 8 in. (150 to 200 mm) thick.
3.2.2 geotextiles—suitable geotextile fabrics that meet the design requirements may be used instead of, or in conjunction with, the
above filter/bedding stone. Suitable cover thickness may be required.
3.2.2 gradation—gradation, n—the proportions by mass of stones distributed within specified ranges between maximum and
minimum limits.
3.2.3 prolate sphere—sphere, n—a spheroid in which the polar axis is greater than the equatorial diameter.
3.2.4 riprap—riprap, n—stone materials generally less than 3000 lb in mass (1400 kg), specially selected and graded, and when
properly placed prevents erosion through minor wave action, or strong currents and thereby preserves the shape of a surface, slope,
or the underlying structure.
3.2.5 standard size designation—one of a group of stones with specified gradation limits.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 The design team shall establish the size and mass of graded quarry stone using acceptable design criteria. If design criteria
and economic factors permit, standard gradations shown in Tables 1 and 2 should be selected. If using standard sizes, the design
A
TABLE 1 Standard Sizes for Riprap
Size Designation R-1500 R-700 R-300 R-150 R-60 R-20
Particle Mass
C
Percent Lighter Than the Mass Specified
B
Pounds (Kilograms)
3000 (1400) 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3000 (1364) 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1500 (680) 50 to 100 100 . . . . . . . . . . . .
1500 (682) 50 to 100 100 . . . . . . . . . . . .
1000 (450) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1000 (454) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
700 (320) 15 to 50 50 to 100 100 . . . . . . . . .
700 (318) 15 to 50 50 to 100 100 . . . . . . . . .
500 (230) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
500 (227) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
300 (140) . . . 15 to 50 50 to 100 100 . . . . . .
300 (136) . . . 15 to 50 50 to 100 100 . . . . . .
250 (110) 0 to 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
250 (114) 0 to 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150 (68) . . . . . . 15 to 50 50 to 100 100 . . .
60 (27) . . . 0 to 15 . . . 15 to 50 50 to 100 . . .
45 (20) . . . . . . 0 to 15 . . . . . . 100
30 (14) . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 50 . . .
20 (9.1) . . . . . . . . . 0 to 15 . . . 50 to 100
10 (4.5) . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 to 15 15 to 50
2 (0.9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 to 15
2 (1.0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 to 15
A
Revised Nov 14, 1995, and modified to conform to the gradations proposed by the producers and the National Crushed Stone Association.
B
Rounded to two figures from conversion of inch-pound (U.S. Customary) units.
C
Established by determining the mass of the individual stone particles.
D6092 − 21
TABLE 2 Standard Sizes for Spalls and Filter/Bedding Stone
FS-3 FS-2 FS-1
Size Designation
Spalls Bedding Bedding
Sieve Sizes
Percent Finer by WeightMass
A A
Alternative Standard
6 ⁄2 in. 163 mm 100 . . . . . .
4 ⁄2 in. 113 mm 85 to 100 . . . . . .
2 ⁄2 in. 63 mm 15 to 50 . . . . . .
2 in. 50 mm . . . 100 . . .
⁄4 in. 19.5 mm . . . 85 to 100 . . .
⁄8 in. 9.5 mm . . . . . . 100
No. 4 4.75 mm . . . 15 to 50 85 to 100
No. 16 1.18 mm 0 to 15 . . . . . .
No. 30 600 μm . . . . . . 15 to 50
No. 100 150 μm . . . . . . 0 to 15
A
Sieve sizes in this table are designated by Specification E11 up to the 2 ⁄2 in. (63
1 1
mm) size. Specification E11 addresses neither the 4 ⁄2 in. (113 mm) nor the 6 ⁄2 in.
(163 mm) sizes; however, consistent nomenclature is used for those sizes.
team shall select the appropriate gradation; this might require selecting the next larger size, thereby creating an over-designed
structure, but one which is economically a cheaper structure. Added cost may result due to the increased volume of stone required,
and in transporting and placing the additional stone at the project site. The cost effectiveness of using “standard grading” versus
“non-standard grading” always should be evaluated, and standard gradings used whenever possible. Standard gradings typically
vary between states, provinces, and within other geographic districts based on influence of a local department of transportation or
other dominant entity, which is historically the primary purchaser or specifier of erosion control stone products.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The standard size designations listed in this practice are provided so that the design team, consumer, and the producer have
a common reference in sizing stone materia
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