ASTM D4552/D4552M-20

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´1
Designation: D4552/D4552M − 10 (Reapproved 2016) D4552/D4552M − 20
Standard PracticeClassification for
Classifying Hot-Mix Recycling Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4552/D4552M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—The words ‘asphalt’ and ‘asphalt cement’ were changed editorially to ‘asphalt binder’ in December 2016.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a standardized method whereby petroleum product additives to be used in hot recycling of asphalt
concrete can be identified. The products are classified by viscosity in mm /s measured at 60 °C [140 °F]. This practice does not
apply to emulsified materials.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D70 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Asphalt Binder (Pycnometer Method)
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D140 Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
D946 Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Binder for Use in Pavement Construction
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air on Asphaltic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)
D2007 Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the
Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method
D2170 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
D2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer
D2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)
D3381 Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Binder for Use in Pavement Construction
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Recycling of deteriorated asphalt pavements is being used with increasing frequency for its economy and benefit of
conserving raw materials. The objective of recycling is to reuse the two ingredients of asphalt concrete-aggregate and asphalt
binder and to restore the desired properties to the mixture. Recycling is carried out hot or cold, depending on the condition of the
deteriorated pavement, construction procedure, availability of equipment, and cost. This practice is for classifying recycling agents
to be used in hot recycling.
4. Classification
4.1 This practice describes recycling agents (RA) as belonging to one of the following six groups: RA 1, RA 5, RA 25, RA 75,
RA 250, or RA 500, as shown in Table 1. The viscosity ranges are designed to avoid overlap and to provide sufficient flexibility
This practiceclassification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 on
Asphalt Specifications.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016July 1, 2020. Published December 2016July 2020. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
D4552/D4552M – 10.D4552/D4552M – 10 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/D4552_D4552M-10R16E01.10.1520/D4552_D4552M-20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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D4552/D4552M − 20
TABLE 1 Physical Properties of Hot-Mix Recycling Agents
NOTE 1—Compliance requires the asphalt binder be extracted from the pavement to be recycled and combined with the recycling agent being tested. This combination should be in accordance
with ratio of recycling agent to recovered asphalt binder used in the mix. The resulting mixture must meet all specifications for the appropriate grade within Specification D946 or Table 1, 2 or
3 of Specification D3381.
ASTM RA 1 RA 5 RA 25 RA 75 RA 250 RA 500
Test Test
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Method
Viscosity • 60 °C [140 °F], D2170 50 175 176 900 901 4500 4501 12500 12501 37500 37501 60000
mm /s or
D2171
Flash Point, COC, °C [°F] D92 219 [425] . 219 [425] . 219 [425] . 219 [425] . 219 [425] . 219 [425] .
Saturates, wt, % D2007 . 30 . 30 . 30 . 30 . 30 . 30
Tests on Residue D2872
from RTFO or or
TFO oven D1754
163 °C [325 °F]
A
Viscosity Ratio “ . 3 . 3 . 3 . 3 . 3 . 3
Wt Change, ±, % “ . 4 . 4 . 3 . 3 . 3 . 3
Specific Gravity D70 Report Report Report Report Report Report
or
D1298
TABLE 1 Physical Properties of Hot-Mix Recycling Agents
ASTM RA 0 RA 1 RA 5 RA 25 RA 75 RA 250 RA 500
Test
Test Method Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Viscosity · 60 °C [140 °F], D2170/D2170M 10 49 50 175 176 900 901 4500 4501 12 500 12 501 37 500 37 501 60 000
mm /s
Flash Point, COC, °C [°F] D92 219 [425] . . . 219 [425] . . . 219 [425] . . . 219 [425] . . . 219 [425] . . . 219 [425] . . . 219 [425] . . .
A
Saturates, wt, % D2007 . . . 30 . . . 30 . . . 30 . . . 30 . . . 30 . . . 30 . . . 30
Tests on Residue D2872
from RTFO
163 °C
[325 °F]
B
Viscosity Ratio D2872 . . . 3 . . . 3 . . . 3 . . . 3 . . . 3 . . . 3 . . . 3
Wt Change, ±, % D2872 . . . 4 . . . 4 . . . 4 . . . 4 . . . 4 . . . 4 . . . 4
Specific Gravity at 25 °C [77 °F] D70 0.900 1.100 0.900 1.100 0.900 1.100 0.900 1.100 0.900 1.100 0.900 1.100 0.900 1.100
or
D1298
A
The suitability of Test Method D2007 for measurement of saturates content and determination of compatibility of non-petroleum-based recycling agents has not been established. Additional testing may be required for
assessment of the compatibility of non-petroleum-based recycling agents.
Viscosity of Residue from RTFO or TFO Oven Test·60 °C f140 °Fg,cST Viscosity of residue from RTFO test at 60 °C f140 °Fg
B
Viscosity Ratio5 Viscosity Ratio 5
Original Viscosity·60 °C 140 °F ,cSt Original viscosity at 60 °C f140 °Fg
f g
D4552/D4552M − 20
to satisfy a wide range of mix proportions. Other properties specified include flash point (handling), weight percent of saturates
(compatibility), selected properties of the RTF or TF oven residue (durability), and specific gravity.
4.2 The choice of RA grade will depend on the amount and hardness of the asphalt binder in the aged pavement. In general,
the lower viscosity RA types can be used to restore aged asphalt binder of high viscosity and vice versa. Additionally, grades RA
1, RA 5, RA 25, and RA 75 will generally be most appropriate for hot-mix recycling of salvaged asphalt concrete when no more
than 30 % virgin aggregate is added, while grades RA 250 and RA 500 will generally be most appropriate when more than 30 %
virgin aggregate is incorporated into the mix.
5. Physical Properties
5.1 All recycling agents must be homogeneous, free-flowing at pumping temperature, and must conform to the requirements
shown in Table 1.
5.2 The final acceptance of recycling agents meeting the requirements shown in Table 1 is subject to the compliance of the
reconstituted asphalt blends with current asphalt specifications.
6. Sampling
6.1 All sampling shall be carried out in accordance with Practice D140.
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