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ASTM B899-21

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys

Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 The terms defined in this document are generic in respect to the standards under the jurisdiction of Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. The same terms may have different definitions in other ASTM technical committees.  
2.2 Some definitions may differ within the committee because of limitations on items such as weights or dimensions. In such cases the terms will be more precisely defined in the Terminology section of the standards in which these terms are used.
SCOPE
1.1 To promote precise understanding and interpretation of standards, reports, and other technical writings promulgated by Committee B02.  
1.2 To standardize the terminology used in these documents.  
1.3 To explain the meanings of technical terms used within these documents for those not conversant with them.  
1.4 Some definitions include a discussion section, which is a mandatory part of the definition and contains additional information that is relevant to the meaning of the defined term.  
1.5 Definitions of terms specific to a particular standard will appear in that standard and will supersede any definitions of identical terms in this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2021
ICS
77.120.01 - Non-ferrous metals in general
Technical Committee
B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
Drafting Committee
B02.91 - Terminology
Current Stage
Ref Project

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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B899 − 21
Standard Terminology
1
Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B899; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 To promote precise understanding and interpretation of
General Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
standards, reports, and other technical writings promulgated by
3.1 Terms and Their Definitions:
Committee B02.
bar, n—an elongated, forged or rolled metal product with
1.2 Tostandardizetheterminologyusedinthesedocuments.
uniform strength, length and section (such as rectangular,
1.3 To explain the meanings of technical terms used within square, round, oval or hexagonal).
DISCUSSION—The term “bar” may have a similar definition, but with
these documents for those not conversant with them.
greater and more specific detail in the product standard.
1.4 Some definitions include a discussion section, which is
billet, n—a formed shape that may be further worked, or a
a mandatory part of the definition and contains additional
solid, semifinished, round, or rectangular product that has
information that is relevant to the meaning of the defined term.
been hot-worked by forging, rolling, or extrusion.
1.5 Definitions of terms specific to a particular standard will
appear in that standard and will supersede any definitions of
ellipsis, n—in a tabular entry, three periods (.) that indicate
identical terms in this standard. that there is no requirement.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
heat, n—refer to melt.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ingot, n—a casting of simple shape suitable for hot-working or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
remelting.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
liquidus, n—the lowest temperature at which an alloy under
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
equilibrium conditions begins to freeze on cooling or is
completely melted on heating.
2. Significance and Use
lot, n—a quantity of metal made under conditions that, for
2.1 The terms defined in this document are generic in
sampling purposes, are considered uniform.
respect to the standards under the jurisdiction of Committee
B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. The same terms may
lot number, n—a unique alphanumeric designation for a lot
have different definitions in otherASTM technical committees.
that is traceable to manufacturing records.
2.2 Some definitions may differ within the committee be-
melt, n—all the metal that, while molten, was held at the same
cause of limitations on items such as weights or dimensions. In
time in the same holding vessel.
such cases the terms will be more precisely defined in the
nonferrous material, n—metals and alloys that do not contain
Terminology section of the standards in which these terms are
iron as the principal component.
used.
DISCUSSION—Theironcontentisnotalwaysstatedinthespecification
and is not always determined by chemical analysis. The iron content
may be taken to be 100 % minus the sum of the mean values permitted
by the specification for all other elements having a specified range or a
specified maximum. For conformance purposes, the mean value for
iron, whether specified or calculated, is compared on an individual
basis to the mean values permitted by the specification for each of the
other elements having a specified range or a specified maximum. If an
element other than iron is not specified, but is listed as remainder or
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
balance, then, for conformance purposes the mean value for iron is
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
compared to the calculated value for that other element.
B02.91 on Terminology.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published December 2021. Originally
plate, n—a flat-rolled metal product of same minimum thick-
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as B899 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/B0899-21. ness and width arbitrarily dependent on the type of metal.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B899 − 21
producer, n—the primary manufacturer of the material.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B899 − 18 B899 − 21
Standard Terminology
1
Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B899; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 To promote precise understanding and interpretation of standards, reports, and other technical writings promulgated by
Committee B02.
1.2 To standardize the terminology used in these documents.
1.3 To explain the meanings of technical terms used within these documents for those not conversant with them.
1.4 Some definitions include a discussion section, which is a mandatory part of the definition and contains additional information
that is relevant to the meaning of the defined term.
1.5 Definitions of terms specific to a particular standard will appear in that standard and will supersede any definitions of identical
terms in this standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B6 Specification for Zinc
B29 Specification for Refined Lead
B32 Specification for Solder Metal
B39 Specification for Nickel
B69 Specification for Rolled Zinc
B86 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die Castings
B160 Specification for Nickel Rod and Bar
B161 Specification for Nickel Seamless Pipe and Tube
B163 Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel Alloy Condenser and Heat-Exchanger Tubes
B164 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and Wire
B165 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Seamless Pipe and Tube
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.91 on
Editorial and Terminology.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018Nov. 1, 2021. Published January 2019December 2021. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20162018
as B899B899 – 18. – 16. DOI: 10.1520/B0899-18.10.1520/B0899-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B899 − 21
B166 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Aluminum Alloy, Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys, Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-
Molybdenum Alloy, Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten Alloy, and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar,
and Wire
B167 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Aluminum Alloys (UNS N06699), Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS N06600,
N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025, N06045, and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS
N06617), Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06674), and
B240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings
B327 Specification for Master Alloys Used in Making Zinc Die Casting Alloys
B333 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip
B339 Specification for Pig Tin
B407 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Seamless Pipe and Tube
B408 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar
B418 Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
B423 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy (UNS N08825, N08221, and N06845) Seamless
Pipe and Tube
B425 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloys Rod and Bar
B434 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS N10003, UNS N10242) Plate, Sheet, and Strip
B435 Specification for UNS N06002, UNS N06230, UNS N12160, and UNS R30556 Plate, Sheet, and Strip
B444 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloys (UNS N06625 and UNS N06852) and Nickel-
Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219) Pipe and Tube
B445 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Columbium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06102)p Seamless Pipe and
3
Tube (Withdrawn 1995)
B446 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy (UNS N06625), Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-
Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219), and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N0
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Absolute and comparative methods provide a measure for sorting large quantities of nonferrous parts or stock with regard to composition or condition, or both.  
5.2 The comparative or two-coil method is used when high-sensitivity examination is required. The advantage of this method is that it almost completely suppresses interferences.  
5.3 The ability to accomplish these types of separations satisfactorily is dependent upon the relation of the electric characteristics of the nonferrous parts to their physical condition.  
5.4 These methods may be used for high-speed sorting in a fully automated setup where the speed of examination may approach many specimens per second depending on their size and shape.  
5.5 Successful sorting of nonferrous material depends mainly on the variables present in the sample and the proper selection of frequency and fill factor.  
5.6 The accuracy of a sort will be affected greatly by the coupling between the test coil field and the examined part during the measuring period.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for sorting nonferrous metals using the electromagnetic (eddy current) method. The procedure is intended for use with instruments using absolute or comparator-type coils for distinguishing variations in mass, shape, conductivity, and other variables such as alloy, heat treatment, or hardness that may be closely correlated with the electrical properties of the material. Selection of samples to evaluate sorting feasibility and to establish standards is also described.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B823-20(Specification)
Standard Specification for Materials for Copper Base Powder Metallurgy (PM) Structural Parts

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a variety of copper base powder metallurgy (PM) structural materials, including those used in applications where high electrical conductivity is required. It includes a classification system, or material designation code. With the classification system, this specification includes chemical composition and minimum tensile yield strength.  
Note 1: Paragraphs 6.1 and 8.1 govern material classification by the designation code. The classification system is explained in the Appendix.
Note 2: Materials classified as C-0000 are expected to be used in applications where high electrical conductivity is required.  
1.2 Units—With the exception of density values, for which the gram per cubic centimetre (g/cm3) unit is the industry standard, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A370-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The primary use of these test methods is testing to determine the specified mechanical properties of steel, stainless steel, and related alloy products for the evaluation of conformance of such products to a material specification under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 and its subcommittees as designated by a purchaser in a purchase order or contract.  
4.1.1 These test methods may be and are used by other ASTM Committees and other standards writing bodies for the purpose of conformance testing.  
4.1.2 The material condition at the time of testing, sampling frequency, specimen location and orientation, reporting requirements, and other test parameters are contained in the pertinent material specification or in a general requirement specification for the particular product form.  
4.1.3 Some material specifications require the use of additional test methods not described herein; in such cases, the required test method is described in that material specification or by reference to another appropriate test method standard.  
4.2 These test methods are also suitable to be used for testing of steel, stainless steel and related alloy materials for other purposes, such as incoming material acceptance testing by the purchaser or evaluation of components after service exposure.  
4.2.1 As with any mechanical testing, deviations from either specification limits or expected as-manufactured properties can occur for valid reasons besides deficiency of the original as-fabricated product. These reasons include, but are not limited to: subsequent service degradation from environmental exposure (for example, temperature, corrosion); static or cyclic service stress effects, mechanically-induced damage, material inhomogeneity, anisotropic structure, natural aging of select alloys, further processing not included in the specification, sampling limitations, and measuring equipment calibration uncertainty. There is statistical variation in all aspects of mechanical testin...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods2 cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.  
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:    
Sections  
Tension  
7 to 14  
Bend  
15  
Hardness  
16  
Brinell  
17  
Rockwell  
18  
Portable  
19  
Impact  
20 to 30  
Keywords  
32  
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products are appended to these test methods as follows:    
Annex  
Bar Products  
Annex A1  
Tubular Products  
Annex A2  
Fasteners  
Annex A3  
Round Wire Products  
Annex A4  
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing  
Annex A5  
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to
Equivalents for Flat Specimens  
Annex A6    
Testing Multi-Wire Strand  
Annex A7  
Rounding of Test Data  
Annex A8  
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars  
Annex A9  
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-cycle Simulation  
Annex A10  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 When these test methods are referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 in. or 8 in. may be report...

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