ASTM D2549-02

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An American National Standard
Designation:D2549–02
Standard Test Method for
Separation of Representative Aromatics and Nonaromatics
1
Fractions of High-Boiling Oils by Elution Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2549; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Gas-Oil Saturates Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage
2
Mass Spectrometry
1.1 This test method covers the separation and determina-
D 2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of
tion of representative aromatics and nonaromatics fractions
2
Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
from hydrocarbon mixtures that boil between 232 and 538°C
D 3239 Test Method for Aromatic Types Analysis of Gas-
(450 and 1000°F). Alternative procedures are provided for the
Oil Aromatic Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage Mass
separation of2gor10gof hydrocarbon mixture.
3
Spectrometry
NOTE 1—Some components may not be eluted from the chromato-
graphic column for some types of samples under the conditions used in
3. Terminology
this method.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 2—Test Method D 2007 is an alternative method of separating
3.1.1 aromatics fraction—the portion of the sample des-
high-boiling oils into polar compounds, aromatics, and saturates fractions.
orbed with the polar eluants. The aromatics fraction may
1.2 An alternative procedure is provided to handle samples
contain aromatics, condensed naphthenic-aromatics, aromatic
boiling below 232°C (450°F), but whose 5 % point is above
olefins, and compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxy-
178°C (350°F) as determined by Test Method D 2887. This
gen atoms.
procedure is given in Appendix X1.
3.1.2 nonaromatics fraction—the portion of the sample
1.3 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be
eluted with n-pentane. The nonaromatics fraction is a mixture
regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
of paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons if the sample is a
provided for information purposes only.
straight-run material. If the sample is a cracked stock, the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
nonaromatics fraction will also contain aliphatic and cyclic
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
olefins.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and heal practices and determine the applicability
4. Summary of Test Method
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 A weighed amount of sample is charged to the top of a
glass chromatographic column packed with activated bauxite
2. Referenced Documents
and silica gel. n-Pentane is added to the column to elute the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
nonaromatics. When all of the nonaromatics are eluted, the
D 2007 Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber
aromatics fraction is eluted by additions of diethyl ether,
Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-
chloroform, and ethyl alcohol.
Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromato-
4.2 The solvents are completely removed by evaporation,
2
graphic Method
and the residues are weighed and calculated as the aromatics
D 2425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle
and nonaromatics fractions of the sample.
2
Distillates by Mass Spectrometry
D 2786 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types Analysis of
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The determination of compound types by mass spec-
trometry requires, in some instances, a preliminary separation
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
of the petroleum sample into representative aromatics and
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
nonaromatics fractions, as in Test Methods D 2425, D 2786,
D02.04.0C on Liquid Chromatography.
Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published July 2002. Originally
published as D 2549–66T. Last previous edition D 2549–91 (1995).
2 3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2549–02
FIG. 1 Chromatographic Columns
and D 3239. This test method provides a suitable separation tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
5
technique for this application. where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
6. Apparatus
sufficiently high purity to permit i
...