ASTM D1159-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Bromine Numbers of Petroleum Distillates and Commercial Aliphatic Olefins by Electrometric Titration
Standard Test Method for Bromine Numbers of Petroleum Distillates and Commercial Aliphatic Olefins by Electrometric Titration
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The bromine number is useful as a measure of aliphatic unsaturation in petroleum samples. When used in conjunction with the calculation procedure described in Annex A2, it can be used to estimate the percentage of olefins in petroleum distillates boiling up to approximately 315 °C (600 °F).
5.2 The bromine number of commercial aliphatic monoolefins provides supporting evidence of their purity and identity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method3 covers the determination of the bromine number of the following materials:
1.1.1 Petroleum distillates that are substantially free of material lighter than isobutane and that have 90 % distillation points (by Test Method D86) under 327 °C (626 °F). This test method is generally applicable to gasoline (including leaded, unleaded, and oxygenated fuels), kerosine, and distillates in the gas oil range that fall in the following limits:
90 % Distillation Point, °C (°F)
Bromine Number, max3
Under 205 (400)
175
205 to 327 (400 to 626)
10
1.1.2 Commercial olefins that are essentially mixtures of aliphatic mono-olefins and that fall within the range of 95 to 165 bromine number (see Note 1). This test method has been found suitable for such materials as commercial propylene trimer and tetramer, butene dimer, and mixed nonenes, octenes, and heptenes. This test method is not satisfactory for normal alpha-olefins.
Note 1: These limits are imposed since the precision of this test method has been determined only up to or within the range of these bromine numbers.
1.2 The magnitude of the bromine number is an indication of the quantity of bromine-reactive constituents, not an identification of constituents; therefore, its application as a measure of olefinic unsaturation should not be undertaken without the study given in Annex A1.
1.3 For petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures of bromine number less than 1.0, a more precise measure for bromine-reactive constituents can be obtained by using Test Method D2710. If the bromine number is less than 0.5, then Test Method D2710 or the comparable bromine index methods for industrial aromatic hydrocarbons, Test Methods D1492 or D5776 must be used in accordance with their respective scopes. The practice of using a factor of 1000 to convert bromine number to bromine index is not applicable for these lower values of bromine number.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1159 − 23
Designation: 130/20
Standard Test Method for
Bromine Numbers of Petroleum Distillates and Commercial
1,2
Aliphatic Olefins by Electrometric Titration
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.3 For petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures of bromine num-
3 ber less than 1.0, a more precise measure for bromine-reactive
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the
constituents can be obtained by using Test Method D2710. If
bromine number of the following materials:
the bromine number is less than 0.5, then Test Method D2710
1.1.1 Petroleum distillates that are substantially free of
or the comparable bromine index methods for industrial
material lighter than isobutane and that have 90 % distillation
aromatic hydrocarbons, Test Methods D1492 or D5776 must
points (by Test Method D86) under 327 °C (626 °F). This test
be used in accordance with their respective scopes. The
method is generally applicable to gasoline (including leaded,
practice of using a factor of 1000 to convert bromine number
unleaded, and oxygenated fuels), kerosine, and distillates in the
to bromine index is not applicable for these lower values of
gas oil range that fall in the following limits:
bromine number.
3
90 % Distillation Point, °C (°F) Bromine Number, max
Under 205 (400) 175
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
205 to 327 (400 to 626) 10
standard.
1.1.2 Commercial olefins that are essentially mixtures of
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for
aliphatic mono-olefins and that fall within the range of 95 to
information only.
165 bromine number (see Note 1). This test method has been
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
found suitable for such materials as commercial propylene
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
trimer and tetramer, butene dimer, and mixed nonenes, octenes,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and heptenes. This test method is not satisfactory for normal
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
alpha-olefins.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—These limits are imposed since the precision of this test For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.
method has been determined only up to or within the range of these
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
bromine numbers.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2 The magnitude of the bromine number is an indication ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of the quantity of bromine-reactive constituents, not an iden-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tification of constituents; therefore, its application as a measure mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
of olefinic unsaturation should not be undertaken without the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
study given in Annex A1.
2. Referenced Documents
4
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
responsibility of ASTM Subcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
Lubricants. The technically equivalent standard as referenced is under the jurisdic-
tion of the Energy Institute Subcommittee SC-G-2. D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
D1492 Test Method for Bromine Index of Aromatic Hydro-
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D1159 – 07 (2017).
carbons by Coulometric Titration
DOI: 10.1520/D1159-23.
2
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between
ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. ASTM and IP standards were approved by
4
ASTM and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does not For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
imply both standards are identical. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Dubois, H. D., and Skoog, D. A., “Determination of Bromine Addition Standards vol
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1159 − 07 (Reapproved 2017) D1159 − 23
Designation: 130/98130/20
Standard Test Method for
Bromine Numbers of Petroleum Distillates and Commercial
1,2
Aliphatic Olefins by Electrometric Titration
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
3
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bromine number of the following materials:
1.1.1 Petroleum distillates that are substantially free of material lighter than isobutane and that have 90 % distillation points (by
Test Method D86) under 327 °C (626 °F). This test method is generally applicable to gasoline (including leaded, unleaded, and
oxygenated fuels), kerosine, and distillates in the gas oil range that fall in the following limits:
3
90 % Distillation Point, °C (°F) Bromine Number, max
Under 205 (400) 175
205 to 327 (400 to 626) 10
1.1.2 Commercial olefins that are essentially mixtures of aliphatic mono-olefins and that fall within the range of 95 to 165 bromine
number (see Note 1). This test method has been found suitable for such materials as commercial propylene trimer and tetramer,
butene dimer, and mixed nonenes, octenes, and heptenes. This test method is not satisfactory for normal alpha-olefins.
NOTE 1—These limits are imposed since the precision of this test method has been determined only up to or within the range of these bromine numbers.
1.2 The magnitude of the bromine number is an indication of the quantity of bromine-reactive constituents, not an identification
of constituents; therefore, its application as a measure of olefinic unsaturation should not be undertaken without the study given
in Annex A1.
1.3 For petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures of bromine number less than 1.0, a more precise measure for bromine-reactive
constituents can be obtained by using Test Method D2710. If the bromine number is less than 0.5, then Test Method D2710 or the
comparable bromine index methods for industrial aromatic hydrocarbons, Test Methods D1492 or D5776 must be used in
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility
of ASTM Subcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants. The technically equivalent standard as referenced is under the jurisdiction of the Energy Institute
Subcommittee SC-G-2.
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017Nov. 1, 2023. Published July 2017November 2023. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20122017 as
D1159 – 07 (2012).(2017). DOI: 10.1520/D1159-07R17.10.1520/D1159-23.
2
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. ASTM and IP standards were approved by ASTM
and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does not imply both standards are identical.
3
Dubois, H. D., and Skoog, D. A., “Determination of Bromine Addition Numbers,” Analytical Chemistry, Vol 20, 1948, pp. 624–627.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D1159 − 23
accordance with their respective scopes. The practice of using a factor of 1000 to convert bromine number to bromine index is
not applicable for these lower values of bromine number.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in
...
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